一种半自动分割脑部MRI中胼胝体的方法

针对胼胝体的图像特点以及实际应用要求,采用半自动方法对MRI中的胼胝体进行分割。首先采用基于Live-Wire的算法对胼胝体影像的起始层和终止层进行初始分割,然后利用基于距离变换的形状插值算法获取中间层的初始轮廓信息,对插值获得的初始轮廓采用Snake模型进行局部收缩,获得真实的胼胝体边界。对序列MRI脑影像中的胼胝体进行分割、重建、标定。实验结果与临床医师的使用反馈证明,本文提出的算法具有较高的灵活性与可信度,对胼胝体的分割精度与解剖统计信息相符,分割结果可满足临床需求。     

一种数字人脑部切片图像分割新方法

目的 提出一种人脑切片图像自动分割算法,以克服现有的方法对大量人工参与的依赖.方法 针对人脑切片图像的特征,提出一种基于区域生长的灰度直方图阈值化分割算法.首先通过区域生长过程对图像进行初始的粗分割,再用直方图阈值化方法进行二次细分割提取目标区域.结果 采用此方法准确有效地分割出了大脑白质和大脑皮质.结论 此算法结合切片图像的全局信息和局部信息应用于分割,是一种比较好的分割方法.     

彩色血液细胞图像的分割

本文系统回顾了对彩色血液细胞图像进行分割的彩色空间和传统方法(包括阈值法、边缘检测法和流域分割法)，也介绍了若干新的方法，如基于形变模型的边缘检测法、基于小波变换的流域算法和基于数学形态学的颗粒分析法。指出了要更加准确的对细胞图像进行分割，需要采用统计模式法和神经网络法技术等方法。     

一种基于人脑三维模型分割断面图像上脑沟、回的方法与实现

目的 借助人脑三维模型实现二维断面图像上大脑沟、回的分割。方法 首先在三维脑模型上以勾勒轮廓的方式界定不同脑沟、脑回区域,然后映射到断面相应区域上,进行区域内颜色填充,达到分割目的;并采用Visual C++ 6.0结合可视化类库工具包搭建脑沟、回分割平台,予以实现。结果 准确有效地分割出了序列断面图像上的右脑中央前回和中央后回。结论 此方法为获取完整、连续的脑沟、脑回断面解剖图谱提供了一种简单可行的实现手段,对于丰富数字化脑图谱及促进脑部功能与疾病诊断定位相关研究有重要意义。     

图像分割在医学图像中的研究方法及应用

图像分割是指将一幅图像分解为若干互不交迭区域的集合,是图像处理与机器视觉的基本问题之一.医学图像分割是图像分割的一个重要应用领域,也是一个经典难题.本文从应用的特定角度,对近年来医学图像分割的新方法或改进算法进行综述,并简要讨论了每类分割方法的特点及应用.     

肝癌图像感兴趣目标的准确分割

背景:Snake模型为医学图像分割提供了一个全新的分割方式,可以克服传统图像分割方法在医学图像分割中的缺点.目的:针对肝癌CT图像特点,提出了一种改进的B样条曲线的Snake模型图像分割算法.方法:对腹部CT图像进行预处理,获得肝脏癌变部分的初始轮廓,再构造闭合B样条Snake模型,最后使用MMSE最小化外力变形模型以实现图像的准确分割.结果与结论:改进的B-Snake分割算法不仅减少了噪声的影响,而且使Snake曲线较好地收敛于目标轮廓边缘,对于肝癌CT图像该方法取得了感兴趣目标的良好分割效果.     

基于配准与ASM方法的医学图像分割

目的随着医学图像数据的急剧增长,建立从医学图像中自动分割特定解剖结构的算法。方法首先,获取的脑图像体数据集通过与参考体数据集的配准,使对应层图像包含与参考数据相似的解剖结构;然后利用训练得到的统计形状模型自动定位、分割指定的解剖结构。结果实验表明这种算法能取得良好的分割结果。结论本文提出的基于互信息的图像配准和统计形状模型的分割算法,能够实现从体数据中自动定位解剖结构所在的图像位置并分割出目标结构。     

基于阈值分割和Snake模型的弱边缘医学超声图像自动分割

医学超声图像分割是图像处理中的一项关键技术.文章以胆结石超声图像为例,介绍一种新的弱边缘超声图像自动分割算法.首先采用基于直方图凹度分析的闽值分割方法确定Snake模型的初始蛇,再基于Snake模型结合贪婪算法对图像进行目标分割.实验结果表明该算法对弱边缘现象较为严重的医学超声图像进行目标分割时,定位准确,分割效果良好,足一种全自动的超声医学图像分割方法.     

基于MeanShift方法的肝脏CT图像的自动分割

目的 探讨基于Mean Shift方法的肝脏CT图像的自动分割算法,以实现肝脏的自动分割。方法 首先对原始图像进行单次Mean Shift平滑 ,滤除噪声的影响以增强算法的鲁棒性,然后通过Mean Shift迭代自动选取初始种子点,最后采用基于区域生长的方法实现肝脏CT图像的自动分割。结果 实验证明此方法是一个准确、快速和有效的肝脏自动分割方法。结论 采用本文中提出的方法,可有效地实现肝脏的自动分割。     

基于梯度向量流snake模型的可视人体图像骨组织分割

为克服传统snake模型不能适应结构复杂的解剖图像、初始轮廓必须充分接近物体边缘的缺点,本研究将基于梯度向量流(GVF)的snake模型用于可视人计划(VHP)图像中骨组织的分割,并修改梯度向量流(GVF)模型,使之适用于彩色图像;针对VHP彩色解剖图像数据量巨大的特点,将多尺度思想应用到snake模型中,以提高处理速度.这种方法提高了计算效率,节省了70%分割时间,得到了理想的精确度,对研究解剖结构、组织定量化测定等具有较高的实用意义.     

基于自动策略的脑图像分割

目的脑图像分割在外科手术规划和脑疾病诊断等方面都起着极为重要的作用,建立脑图像分割的自动策略成为一种需要。方法通过各向异性滤波,统计阈值分割,数学形态学滤波,和基于模糊连接算法对脑图像进行自动分割。结果实验表明这种分割策略能取得良好的分割结果。结论本文提出的算法可以有效地完成脑图像的自动分割工作。     

HAL-IA: A Hybrid Active Learning framework using Interactive Annotation for medical image segmentation

High performance of deep learning models on medical image segmentation greatly relies on large amount of pixel-wise annotated data, yet annotations are costly to collect. How to obtain high accuracy segmentation labels of medical images with limited cost (e.g. time) becomes an urgent problem. Active learning can reduce the annotation cost of image segmentation, but it faces three challenges: the cold start problem, an effective sample selection strategy for segmentation task and the burden of manual annotation. In this work, we propose a Hybrid Active Learning framework using Interactive Annotation (HAL-IA) for medical image segmentation, which reduces the annotation cost both in decreasing the amount of the annotated images and simplifying the annotation process. Specifically, we propose a novel hybrid sample selection strategy to select the most valuable samples for segmentation model performance improvement. This strategy combines pixel entropy, regional consistency and image diversity to ensure that the selected samples have high uncertainty and diversity. In addition, we propose a warm-start initialization strategy to build the initial annotated dataset to avoid the cold-start problem. To simplify the manual annotation process, we propose an interactive annotation module with suggested superpixels to obtain pixel-wise label with several clicks. We validate our proposed framework with extensive segmentation experiments on four medical image datasets. Experimental results showed that the proposed framework achieves high accuracy pixel-wise annotations and models with less labeled data and fewer interactions, outperforming other state-of-the-art methods. Our method can help physicians efficiently obtain accurate medical image segmentation results for clinical analysis and diagnosis.     

A novel framework for segmentation of deep brain structures based on Markov dependence tree

The aim of this work is to develop a new framework for multi-object segmentation of deep brain structures (caudate nucleus, putamen and thalamus) in medical brain images. Deep brain segmentation is difficult and challenging because the structures of interest are of relatively small size and have significant shape variations. The structure boundaries may be blurry or even missing, and the surrounding background is full of irrelevant edges. To tackle these problems, we propose a template-based framework to fuse the information of edge features, region statistics and inter-structure constraints for detecting and locating all target brain structures such that initialization by hand is unnecessary. The multi-object template is organized in the form of a hierarchical Markov dependence tree (MDT), and multiple objects are efficiently matched to a target image by a top-to-down optimization strategy. The final segmentation is obtained through refinement by a B-spline based non-rigid registration between the exemplar image and the target image. Our approach needs only one example as training data. We have validated the proposed method on a publicly available T1-weighted magnetic resonance image database with expert-segmented brain structures. In the experiments, the proposed approach has obtained encouraging results with 0.80 Dice score for the caudate nuclei, 0.81 Dice score for the putamina and 0.84 Dice score for the thalami on average.     

Memory consistent unsupervised off-the-shelf model adaptation for source-relaxed medical image segmentation

Unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) has been a vital protocol for migrating information learned from a labeled source domain to facilitate the implementation in an unlabeled heterogeneous target domain. Although UDA is typically jointly trained on data from both domains, accessing the labeled source domain data is often restricted, due to concerns over patient data privacy or intellectual property. To sidestep this, we propose “off-the-shelf (OS)” UDA (OSUDA), aimed at image segmentation, by adapting an OS segmentor trained in a source domain to a target domain, in the absence of source domain data in adaptation. Toward this goal, we aim to develop a novel batch-wise normalization (BN) statistics adaptation framework. In particular, we gradually adapt the domain-specific low-order BN statistics, e.g., mean and variance, through an exponential momentum decay strategy, while explicitly enforcing the consistency of the domain shareable high-order BN statistics, e.g., scaling and shifting factors, via our optimization objective. We also adaptively quantify the channel-wise transferability to gauge the importance of each channel, via both low-order statistics divergence and a scaling factor. Furthermore, we incorporate unsupervised self-entropy minimization into our framework to boost performance alongside a novel queued, memory-consistent self-training strategy to utilize the reliable pseudo label for stable and efficient unsupervised adaptation. We evaluated our OSUDA-based framework on both cross-modality and cross-subtype brain tumor segmentation and cardiac MR to CT segmentation tasks. Our experimental results showed that our memory consistent OSUDA performs better than existing source-relaxed UDA methods and yields similar performance to UDA methods with source data.     

Contour-aware network with class-wise convolutions for 3D abdominal multi-organ segmentation

Accurate delineation of multiple organs is a critical process for various medical procedures, which could be operator-dependent and time-consuming. Existing organ segmentation methods, which were mainly inspired by natural image analysis techniques, might not fully exploit the traits of the multi-organ segmentation task and could not accurately segment the organs with various shapes and sizes simultaneously. In this work, the characteristics of multi-organ segmentation are considered: the global count, position and scale of organs are generally predictable, while their local shape and appearance are volatile. Thus, we supplement the region segmentation backbone with a contour localization task to increase the certainty along delicate boundaries. Meantime, each organ has exclusive anatomical traits, which motivates us to deal with class variability with class-wise convolutions to highlight organ-specific features and suppress irrelevant responses at different field-of-views.To validate our method with adequate amounts of patients and organs, we constructed a multi-center dataset, which contains 110 3D CT scans with 24,528 axial slices, and provided voxel-level manual segmentations of 14 abdominal organs, which adds up to 1,532 3D structures in total. Extensive ablation and visualization studies on it validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Quantitative analysis shows that we achieve state-of-the-art performance for most abdominal organs, and obtain 3.63 mm 95% Hausdorff Distance and 83.32% Dice Similarity Coefficient on an average.