血小板活化与炎症反应在高血压患者中的改变及其相关性研究

目的 探讨高血压患者血小板活化与炎症反应的改变及其相关性.方法 选择61例原发性高血压患者(高血压组)和64例阵发性室上性心动过速患者(对照组),测定其血清超敏C-反应蛋白(hs-CRP)及平均血小板体积.结果 高血压组患者血清hs-CRP浓度[(3.51±1.95)mg/L]明显高于对照组[(1.15±0.77)mg/L],差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),平均血小板体积大于对照组[分别为(11.19±2.18)fl与(9.20±2.31)fl],差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),两者之间呈线性相关(r=0.452,P=0.003).结论 高血压患者存在炎症反应及血小板活化,作为炎症反应及血小板活化的两个观察指标,两者相互作用具有相关性,与高血压的发生发展有密切关系.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the changes and correlation between platelet activation and inflammatory response in patients with essential hypertension(EH). Methods Sixty-one patients with essential hypertension and sixty-four patients with paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia as control group were enrolled in the study. The levels of high sensitivity C reactive protein ( hs-CRP ) and mean platelet volume ( MPV ) were measured and compared between the control group and the essential hypertension group. Results Compared with the control group,the levels of hs-CRP and MPV in the EH group were significantly higher( [3.51 ± 1.95]mg/L vs [ 1.15 ± 0. 77 ] mg/L, P ＜ 0. 05 ). The MPV in the EH group was significantly higher than that in the control group ( [ 11.29 ± 2. 18 ] flvs [ 9. 20 ± 2. 31 ] fl, P ＜ 0. 05 ). The level of hs-CRP positively correlated to the level of M PV (r = 0. 452, P = 0. 003 ). Conlusions There were inflammatory response and platelet activation in patients with EH and the serum levels of hs-CRP and MPV is correlated with the development of essential hypertension.     

Effects of rosiglitazone on the expression of nuclear factor-κB P65 and metalloproteinase-9 mRNA in peripheral blood monocyte-derived macrophages in patients with coronary artery disease

Objective To investigate the effects and mechanisms of rosiglitazone on the expressions of nuclear factor-κB and matrix metalloprotease (MMP-9) in peripheral blood monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) in patients with coronary heart disease. Method This was a clinical case-control study. Forty-eight actue coronary symdrome (ACS) patients (ACS group), and 20 patients with stable angina (SA) (control group) were collected. They were performed coronary arteriography in the Department of Cardiology of the Second Xiangya Hospital from March to April in 2007. Exclusion criteria included acute infection, trauma or surgery patients within four weeks, cerebral vascular accident, liver and kidney dysfunction, cancer, and so on. The peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated and transformed into MDMs with macrophage colony-stimulating factor treatment. The transformed MDMs were randomly assigned into subgrougs and incubated with 0 /μmol/L, 1 μmol/L, 10 μmol/L, 20 μmol/L of rosiglitazone respectively. The expressions of PPAR-γ mRNA, MMP-9 mRNA were determined by RT-PCR and nuclear factor-κB P65 (NF-KB P65) expression by immunohistochemistry. Multiple comparisons were examined for significant differences using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results The basal expression of PPAR-y mRNA was lower, in contrast, the levels of NF-KB P65 and MMP-9 mRNA were higher in ACS group than control group. PPAR-γ mRNA expression were significantly upregulated in both ACS and control groups with rosiglitazone treatment. PPAR-γ mRNA expression was positive correlation, while the expressions of MMP-9 mRNA were negative correlation with the rosiglitazone concentration in the ACS group. Rosiglitazone inhibited the expression of NF-KB in a concentration-independent manner in ACS and control groups. Conclusions The expression of PPAR-y mRNA is inhibited, while the activity of NF-KB and expression of MMP-9 mRNA are enhanced in MDMs of ACS cases. Rosiglitazone intervention may inhibit NF-KB activity and MMP-9 expression by upregulation of PPAR-y expression in MDMS of patiens with ACS.     

Effects of rosiglitazone on the expression of nuclear factor-κB P65 and metalloproteinase-9 mRNA in peripheral blood monocyte-derived macrophages in patients with coronary artery disease

Objective To investigate the effects and mechanisms of rosiglitazone on the expressions of nuclear factor-κB and matrix metalloprotease (MMP-9) in peripheral blood monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) in patients with coronary heart disease. Method This was a clinical case-control study. Forty-eight actue coronary symdrome (ACS) patients (ACS group), and 20 patients with stable angina (SA) (control group) were collected. They were performed coronary arteriography in the Department of Cardiology of the Second Xiangya Hospital from March to April in 2007. Exclusion criteria included acute infection, trauma or surgery patients within four weeks, cerebral vascular accident, liver and kidney dysfunction, cancer, and so on. The peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated and transformed into MDMs with macrophage colony-stimulating factor treatment. The transformed MDMs were randomly assigned into subgrougs and incubated with 0 /μmol/L, 1 μmol/L, 10 μmol/L, 20 μmol/L of rosiglitazone respectively. The expressions of PPAR-γ mRNA, MMP-9 mRNA were determined by RT-PCR and nuclear factor-κB P65 (NF-KB P65) expression by immunohistochemistry. Multiple comparisons were examined for significant differences using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results The basal expression of PPAR-y mRNA was lower, in contrast, the levels of NF-KB P65 and MMP-9 mRNA were higher in ACS group than control group. PPAR-γ mRNA expression were significantly upregulated in both ACS and control groups with rosiglitazone treatment. PPAR-γ mRNA expression was positive correlation, while the expressions of MMP-9 mRNA were negative correlation with the rosiglitazone concentration in the ACS group. Rosiglitazone inhibited the expression of NF-KB in a concentration-independent manner in ACS and control groups. Conclusions The expression of PPAR-y mRNA is inhibited, while the activity of NF-KB and expression of MMP-9 mRNA are enhanced in MDMs of ACS cases. Rosiglitazone intervention may inhibit NF-KB activity and MMP-9 expression by upregulation of PPAR-y expression in MDMS of patiens with ACS.     

血浆正五聚蛋白3水平及总胆固醇与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇比值与冠状动脉狭窄程度的关系

目的 研究血浆正五聚蛋白3(PTX-3)和总胆固醇(TC)/高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)与冠心病患者冠状动脉狭窄程度的关系.方法 采集并分析2008年7月至2009年12月在中南大学湘雅二医院心内科住院的择期行冠状动脉造影的冠心病患者87例,据冠状动脉造影结果,将患者分为2组:次全闭塞组和非次全闭塞组,所有患者入院第2天清晨空腹取静脉血测定PTX-3和血脂水平,并进行统计分析.结果 次全闭塞组冠心病患者的PTX-3浓度显著低于非次全闭塞组[(4.6±1.6)μg/L比(5.9±2.0)μg/L,t=-3.380,P＜0.05)];TC/HDL-C比值显著高于非次全闭塞组(4.9±1.1比4.1±1.2,t=3.107,P＜0.05).校正性别、老年、糖尿病、高血压等混杂因素后PTX-3＜5μg/L(OR=4.471,95%CI1.516～13.189,P＜0.01)及TC/HDL-C比值≥4(OR=5.087,95%CI:1.676～15.440,P＜0.01)冠心病患者冠状动脉易发生次全闭塞.结论 在冠心病患者中,血浆低水平PTX-3和高水平T℃/HDL-C比值可能与冠状动脉狭窄程度相关.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the impact of plasma pentraxin-3 (PTX-3) together with total cholesterol( TC)/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) on severity of coronary artery stenosis. Methods Eighty seven cases from Department of Cardiology of the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from July 2008 to December 2009, accepted elective coronary angiography, were enrolled into the study and divided into two groups according to the results of coronary angiography: subtotal occlusion group and nonsubtotal occlusion group. All patients were hospitalized and fasting venous blood were extracted on the next morning for PTX-3 and lipids level measurement. The data were statistically analyzed. Results The PTX-3levels in patients with subtotal occlusion group were significantly lower than those in nonsubtotal occlusion group [ (4. 6 ± 1.6) μg/L vs. (5.9 ± 2. 0) μg/L, t = -3. 380, P ＜ 0. 05) ]; TC/HDL-C levels in patients with subtotal occlusion group were significantly increased when compared with those in nonsubtotal occlusion group (4. 9 ±1.1 vs. 4. 1 ± 1.2, t = 3. 107 ,P ＜ 0. 05). After adjusting for sex, age, diabetes, hypertension, and so confounding factors, the patients with PTX-3 ＜ 5 μg/L(OR = 4. 471,95 % CI 1.516 - 13. 189, P ＜ 0. 01) and TC / HDL-C ratio ≥4 (OR = 5.087,95% CI 1.676 - 15.440, P ＜0.01) were prone to become subtotal coronary occlusion. Conclusion Low plasma PTX-3 level and increased ratio of TC and HDL-C may be related with the severity of coronary artery stenosis in patients with coronary heart disease.     

重症监护室常用血糖测量方法的一致性研究

Objective To evaluate the accuracy of five blood glucose measurements commonly used in ICU and to determine the potential factors interfering the accuracy. Method This prospective study carried out in consecutively enrolled 49 patients stayed more than 48 hours in the medical ICU of Peking Union Medical College Hospital from November 2007 to January 2008. A total of 130 blood samples were measured to determine blood glucose with five different methods, and the biochemistry analyzer in central laboratory was regarded as reference method for comparison with other four methods, ( 1 ) capillary blood/glucometer;(2) arterial blood/glucometer; (3) arterial blood/blood gas analyzer; and (4) arterial blood/biochemistry analyzer. The accuracy of a method tested was judged by the difference in level of blood glucose between it and reference method, correlation coefficient, bias correction factor and discrepancy. The independent factors for the discrepancies were identified by multivariate logistic regression. Results The values of differences in level of blood glucose between above four methods and the reference were ( 1.7 ± 1.4) mmol/L,( 1.6 ± 1.4 ) mmol/L, ( 1.1 ± 1.2) mmol/L, and (0.5 ± 1.2 ) mmol/L, respectively. The rates of discrepancy were 66.9%, 63.8%, 40.0% and 23.8%. The correlation coefficients were 0. 844, 0. 845, 0. 895and 0. 896. The bias correction factors were 0. 821,0.831,0.914 and 0. 979. Decrease in hematocrit was statistically associated with the discrepancy between glucometer analysis methods and the reference, with OR of 0.923 for capillary blood ( P = 0.03 ) and 0. 912 for arterial blood( P = 0.014), respectively. Conclusions Glucometer analysis poorly correlated with reference method and blood gas analysis in ICU patients. Decrease in hematocrit significantly increased the degree of discrepancy in glucose measurements between glucometer analysis and the reference.     

Association between matrix metalloproteinase-9 polymorphism (-1562C ＞ T/R279Q) and acute coronary syndrome in Uygur nationality of Xinjiang Autonomous Region of China

Objective To investigate the association between matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) gene polymorphism (-1562C ＞ T/R279Q) and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in Uygur nationality of Xinjiang Autonomous Region of China. Methods A total of 352 patients with ACS including 213 patients with unstable angina pectoris and 139 patients with acute myocardial infarction evidenced by using coronary arteriography and 421 control subjects were recruited in this study. The MMP-9-1562C ＞ T and R279Q genotypes were detemined by using PCR-RFLP method. The relationship between the polymorphism in the MMP-9 gene and the severity of coronary arterial stenosis was analyzed. All polymorphisms were determined for confimation with Hardy-Weinberg expectations in both groups separately. Differences in distributions of genotypes and alleles between two groups were analyzed with x2 test. The association between the MMP-9 polymorphisms and the risk of ACS was estimated by odds ratio(Ors) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and the comprehensive evaluation of the factors associated with ACS was determined by using multifactor logistic regression. P ＜ 0. 05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results The genotype frequencies for CT + TT genotypes and T allele were 25.9 and14.5 percent in ACS subjects and 15.7 and 8.4 percent in control subjects, respectively. The genotype frequencies were different significantly between the two groups (x2 = 12.26,P ＜ 0.01;x2 = 14.15,P ＜ 0.01, respectively). No relationship between R279Q polymorphism and ACS was found in this study ( P ＞ 0.05). The multifactor logistic regression analysis showed that the T allele carrier (CT + TT) significantly increased the risk of ACS compared with the CC genotype ( OR = 1.791,95 % CI: 1. 088 - 2.951, P = 0.022) after adjustment for tradition risk factors. The frequencies for CT + TT and CC genotypes of the -1562C ＞ T polymorphism were not statistically different among ACS patients with one, two and three or more significantly diseased vessels ( x2 = 1.15, P = 0.56). Conclusions The findings suggest that the polymorphism in MMP-9 gene promoter (-1562C ＞ T) is associated with the susceptibility to the ACS. The T allele might be an independent risk factor for the ACS. But the -1562C ＞ T polymorphism may not be useful as a predictor of the severity of coronary arterial stenosis. The R279Q polymorphism of MMP-9 gene was not significantly associated with ACS in this studied population.     

高频超声测量心外膜脂肪组织厚度与冠心病危险因素的相关性分析

Objective To explore the correlation between epicardial adipose tissue(EAT) thickness and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with coronary artery disease.Methods According to the results of coronary angiography,84 cases of patients undergone coronary angiography were divided into the normal control group(28 patients),coronary artery disease group with single-vessel lesion (28 patients),coronary artery disease group with multi-vessels lesion(28 patients),respectively,then measured the EAT thickness and carotid intima-media thickness(IMT) by high-frequency ultrasound.A correlation analysis was carried out between the EAT and IMT and cardiovascular risk factors.Results In either coronary artery disease group with single-vessel lesion or multi-vessels lesion,the thicknesses of EAT and IMT were significantly higher than those in the normal control group(P ＜0.01),and the difference between group of single-vessel lesion and multi-vessels lesion was also statistically significant (P ＜0.01).A correlation analysis between the EAT and IMT and cardiovascular risk factors showed that there were significantly positive correlations between EAT and the IMT,age,weight,waist circumference,body mass index,low-density lipoprotein,Creactive protein (r = 0.124～0.790,P ＜0.05 or P ＜0.01),and the significantly negative correlation between EAT and high-density lipoprotein (r = - 0.203,P ＜ 0.05).Correlation between EAT and the IMT was 0.678,0.713,0.737 in the normal control group,group with single-vessel lesion,group with multivessels lesion,respectively.Conclusions There were favorable correlation between EAT and carotid IMT in cardiovascular risk factors.The more severity of coronary heart disease,the more high correlations of EAT and IMT.EAT can be a valuable index in evaluating coronary artery disease.     

Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A<Subscript>2</Subscript> for early risk stratification in patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome: a multi-marker approach

Aims Numerous markers have been identified as useful predictors of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome (ACS). However, only little is known about the relative benefit of the single markers in risk stratification and the best combination for optimising prognostic power. The aim of the present study was to define the role of the emerging cardiovascular risk marker lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A₂ (Lp-PLA₂) in a multi-marker approach in combination with troponin I (TnI), NT-proBNP, high sensitivity (hs)CRP, and D-dimer in patients with ACS. Methods and results A total of 429 consecutive patients (age 60.5±14.1 years, 60.6% male) who were admitted to the emergency room with suspected ACS were analysed in the study. Biochemical markers were measured by immunoassay techniques. All patients underwent point-of-care TnI testing and early coronary angiography if appropriate, in accordance with the current guidelines. Classification and regression trees (CART) and logistic regression techniques were employed to determine the relative predictive power of markers for the primary end-point defined as any of the following events within 42 days after admission: death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, unstable AP requiring admission, admission for decompensated heart failure or shock, percutaneous coronary intervention, coronary artery bypass grafting, life threatening arrhythmias or resuscitation. The incidence of the primary end-point was 13.1%, suggesting a mild to moderate risk population. The best overall risk stratification was obtained using NT-proBNP at a cut-off of 5000 pg/mL (incidence of 40% versus 10.3%, relative risk (RR) 3.9 (95% CI 2.4–6.3)). In the remaining lower risk group with an incidence of 10.3%, further separation was performed using TnI (cut-off 0.14 μg/L; RR= 3.1 (95% CI 1.7–5.5) 23.2% versus 7.5%) and again NT-proBNP (at a cut-off of 140 ng/L) in patients with negative TnI (RR=3.2 (95% CI 1.3–7.9), 11.7% versus 3.6%). A final significant stratification in patients with moderately elevated NT-proBNP levels was achieved using Lp-PLA₂ at a cut-off of 210 μg/L) (17.9% versus 6.9%; RR=2.6 (95% CI 1.1–6.6)). None of the clinical or ECG variables of the TIMI (Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction) risk score provided comparable clinically relevant information for risk stratification. Conclusions In the setting of stateof- the-art coronary care for patients with suspected ACS in the emergency room, NT-proBNP, troponin I, and Lp-PLA₂ are effective independent markers for risk stratification that proved to be superior to the TIMI risk score. Lp-PLA₂ turned out to be a more effective risk marker than hsCRP in these patients.     

糖尿病在急性心肌梗死危险评估中地位的探讨

目的 观察血糖升高对急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者预后的影响,探讨糖尿病在AMI危险评估中的地位.方法 回顾性选择解放军第八一医院2000年1月至2010年5月收治的AMI患者.将无糖尿病史、空腹血糖(FBG)≥7.0 mmol/L,而后又恢复正常定义为非糖尿病AMI患者的应激性高血糖.根据FBG水平将糖尿病和非糖尿病患者分为<7.0、7.0～7.9、8.0～11.0及≥11.1 mmol/L 4组,观察院内病死率、并发症发生率及降糖治疗情况;并对AMI预后危险因素进行Logistic回归分析.结果 共入选AMI患者152例,糖尿病组45例,其中FBG≥8.0 mmol/L者占73.3%(33例),FBG≥11.1 mmol/L者占46.7%(21例);非糖尿病组107例,发生应激性高血糖者(47例,占43.9%)中有91.5%的患者(43例)FBG为7.0～11.0 mmol/L.糖尿病组院内病死率较非糖尿病组显著增高(35.6%比15.9%,P=0.007),且两组病死率均随FBG升高呈上升趋势.多因素Logistic回归分析显示,FBG≥8.0 mmol/L糖尿病患者死亡风险是FBG<8.0 mmol/L者的12.28倍,FBG≥7.0 mmol/L非糖尿病患者死亡风险是FBG<7.0 mmol/L者的4.81倍.FBG是AMI死亡的独立危险因素,糖尿病组相对比值比(OR)为1.03,95%可信区间(95%CI)为1.01～1.16,P=0.012;非糖尿病组OR为1.56,95%CI为1.09～2.23,P=0.015.糖尿病组充血性心力衰竭发生率较非糖尿病组显著增高(40.0H比22.4%,P=0.027);其中非糖尿病组FBG≥7.0 mmol/L者肺部感染、充血性心力衰竭、严重心律失常及急性脑血管事件发生率(分别为51.1%、34.0%、27.7%、14.9%)均较FBG<7.0 mmol/L者(分别为18.3%、13.3%、10.0%、0)显著增高(P<0.05或P<0.01),而在糖尿病组中未观察到该现象.糖尿病组中有80.0%(36例)的患者接受降糖治疗,其中23例(占63.9%)应用胰岛素;而非糖尿病组应激性高血糖者无一例进行降血糖治疗.结论 糖尿病AMI患者及伴应激性高血糖的非糖尿病AMI患者院内病死率和并发症发生率增加,糖尿病史和血糖都是影响AMI预后的危险因素,将二者结合起来对AMI进行危险分层更为合理.

Abstract：

Objective To determine the impact of elevated in-hospital glucose level on outcome of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI),and evaluate the role of diabetes mellitus as a risk factor of AMI.Methods The study included a retrospective analysis of AMI patients who were admitted to No.81 Hospital of PLA from January 2000 to May 2010.In patients without a history of diabetes,and those with fasting blood glucose(FBG)≥7.0 mmol/L at admission but returned to normal range soon after admission were defined as stress hyperglycemia of non-diabetic AMI patients.Both diabetic patients and non-diabetic patients were stratified into four mutually exclusive groups according to FBG levels:<7.0,7.0-7.9,8.0-11.0 and≥11.1 mmol/L.The in-hospital mortality,incidence of complications,and treatment to lower glucose level were analyzed.Logistic regression analysis was conducted on risk factors of outcome of AMI patients.Results One hundred and fifty-two AMI patients were enrolled with 45 diabetic patients and 107 patients without previous diabetes.In diabetic group patients with FBG≥8.0 mmol/L and those with FBG≥11.1 mmol/L accounted for 73.3%(33 cases)and 46.7%(21 cases),respectively.In non-diabetic group patients with stress hyperglycemia accounted for 43.9%(47 cases),among which patients with FBG levels of 7.0-11.0 mmol/L accounted for 91.5%(43 cases).Compared with the non-diabetic group,the in-hospital mortality was significantly higher in diabetic group(35.6%vs.1 5.9%,P=0.007).In both groups,the in-hospital mortality presented an elevating tendency with an increasing FBG level.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that in diabetic group patients with FBG≥8.0 mmol/L had 12.28-fold higher risk of death than patients with FBG<8.0 mmol/L,and that in non-diabetic group patients with FBG≥7.0 mmol/L had 4.81-fold higher risk of death than patients with FBG<7.0 mmol/L.FBG was an independent risk factor of death with relative odds ratio(OR)1.03,with 95% confidence interval(95% CI)1.01-1.16,P=0.012,and OR 1.56,95% CI 1.09-2.23,P=0.015 in diabetic group and non-diabetic group,respectively.The incidence of congestive heart failure in diabetic group was significantly higher than that in non-diabetic group (40.0% vs.22.4%,P=0.027).In non-diabetic group,the incidence of lung infection,congestive heart failure,serious arrhythmias and acute cerebrovascular events(51.1%,34.0%,27.7%,14.9%,respectively) was increased significantly in patients with FBG≥7.0 mmol/L than that in patients with FBG<7.0mmol/L(18.3%,13.3%,10.0%,0,respectively,P<0.05 or P<0.01).This association was not seen in diabetic group.80.0%of patients(36 cases)in diabetic group received anti-hyperglycemia treatments in which insulin therapy accounted for 63.9%(23 cases),while there was not even 1 patient who needed insulin therapy in non-diabetic patients with stress hyperglycemia.Conclusion In-hospital mortality and complications were significantly increased in diabetic AMI patients and in non-diabetic AMI patients with stress hyperglycemia.Both a history of diabetes mellitus and stress hyperglycemia have strong influence on AMI prognosis.It seems to be more plausible to collaborate blood glucose level with history of diabetes in considering risk factors in AMI patients.     

腹腔压力与重症急性胰腺炎严重程度的关系

Objective Previous investigations suggest that severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is one of the main causes of intra-ahdominal pressure (lAP) increase. The aims of this study were, to evaluate the increased IAP in patients with SAP and the correlation between LAP and severity or prognosis. Method Data of 75 SAP patients admitted to Xuan-Wu Hospital of Capital Medical University intensive care unit with SAP from January 2000 to Jan-uary 2008 were collected. All the patients had at least one organ dysfunction, and they were diagnozed with en-hanced CT, lAP were monitored in the 56 patients. The 56 patients were divided into three groups according to IAP, group A (7- 15 mmHg), group B (16-25 mmHg) and group C (26-31 mmHg). Maximal APECHE Ⅱscore, maximal Ranson score, maximal C-response protein (CRP), maximal arterial lactate, maximal creatinine, organ dysfunction, length of stay and mortality were compared. Results The 56 patients (24 male and 32 female)with average age of (52±14.1) years (ranging 21 - 72 years) and average body mass index (BMI) of 28±12.5(ranging 21 - 35) were monitored with IAP. The etiologic causes of SAP were biliary in 27 patients, alcohol in 14cases, hyperlipidemia in 11 cases and idiopathic in 4 cases. The rate of intra-abdominal hypertension was 89% (50/56), and 32% (18/56) patients complicated with abdominal compartment syndrome. There were 22, 26 and 8 patients in the A, B and C groups respectively. With the increasing of IAP, the maximal APACHE Ⅱ, maximal Ranson score, maximal CRP, maximal creatinine, organ dysfunction and mortality were also increased significant-ly. The mortality of the three groups was 13.6% (3/22), 23.1% (6/26) and 62.5% (5/8) respectively (χ2 =7.56, p = 0.023), and the total mortality of the 56 patients was 25%. The hospital stay of the three groups had no significant differenee(F = 2.23,P = 0.117). Conclusions IAP may be one of the markers used to evaluate the severity of SAP, and the monitoring of IAP is useful to assess the prognosis in patients with SAP.     

48例冠心病患者血脂测定临床分析

目的调查冠心病(CHD)患者血脂代谢状况,探讨血脂变化在触发CHD发生发展中的作用及临床意义。方法用日立7020全自动生化分析仪检测48例CHD患者和50例健康对照者血清总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)和脂蛋白(a)[Lp(a)]水平。TC、TG测定采用氧化酶法,HDL-C、LDL-C测定采用直接法,Lp(a)测定采用胶乳增强免疫比浊法。结果 CHD患者TC(5.28±1.07)mmol/L、TG(1.83±0.60)mmol/L、LDL-C(3.41±1.29)mmol/L、Lp(a)(269±170)mg/L,明显比对照组[(4.25±0.93)mmol/L、(1.30±0.43)mmol/L、(2.51±0.87)mmol/L、(138±96)mg/L]高,差异有统计学意义(P0.001);而CHD患者HDL-C[(1.15±0.34)mmol/L]却比对照组[(1.32±0.43)mmol/L]低,差异也有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 CHD患者存在不同程度的血脂代谢紊乱,TC、TG、LDL-C升高和HDL-C降低将触发CHD的发生和发展。     

冠心病患者血同型半胱胺酸和脂蛋白(α)联合检测的临床意义

目的 探讨血清同型半胱胺酸(HCY)和脂蛋白(α)[Lp(a)]在冠心病(CHD)患者血清中的水平变化及两者联合检测对CHD的诊断价值.方法 采用循环酶法和免疫透射比浊法分别测定123例CHD患者和120例健康对照者的血清HCY和Lp(a)浓度,然后将CHD组和对照组结果以及HCY和Lp(a)联合检测和单项检测的阳性率分别进行比较.结果 血HCY和Lp(a)的浓度与CHD呈正相关,相关系数分别为0.667和0.577,CHD组HCY和Lp(a)的浓度[(26.7±12.9)μmol/L,(423.5±167.2)mg/L]及阳性率(66.7%,57.7%)与对照组[(10.6±3.5)μmol/L,(98.6±9.7)mg/L,0.0%,0.0%]比较结果有显著性增高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),且HCY和Lp(a)联合检测阳性率(83.7%)显著高于单项检测阳性率(66.7%,57.7%),联合检测和单项检测比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论 HCY和Lp(a)均与CHD患病危险性呈正相关,临床监测并控制血HCY和Lp(a)的水平对CHD的诊疗和预后有重要意义,两者联合检测可提高CHD的诊断率.     

原发性高血压患者冠状动脉病变狭窄程度与脉压及脉压指数的相关性分析

【目的】探讨原发性高血压患者冠状动脉病变狭窄程度与脉压（PP）及脉压指数（PPI）的相关性。【方法】对拟诊冠心病（CHD）的164例高血压病患者以标准Judkins法行冠状动脉造影术。根据造影结果将高血压病患者分为冠心病组（合并冠心病）和非冠心病组（未合并冠心病）。计算机定量分析系统（QCA）分析冠状动脉狭窄程度并计算其冠状动脉病变积分（CAS）。标准台式水银血压计测定外周肱动脉收缩压（SBP）和舒张压（DBP），计算PP（PP—SBP—DBP）与PPI（PPI—PP／SBP）。【结果】高血压病合并冠心病组的CAS积分、PP及PPI均较非冠心病组显著增高（66．5±28．8 vs 8．6±6．7；51．8±12．7 vs 38．7±14．2；0．47±0．12 vs 0．33±0．08，P〈0．05）。逐步回归分析显示，高血压病患者的CAS与PP及PPI显著相关。【结论】PP及PPI是预测高血压病患者冠状动脉狭窄程度的重要指标。     

脂蛋白(a)对冠心病的致病性研究

目的分析血清脂蛋白(a)[Lp(a)]在冠心病发病中的作用。方法将入选的495例患者以Lp(a)水平300 mg/L为切点,分为冠心病组(270例)、非冠心病组(225例),Lp(a)300 mg/L组(174例)、Lp(a)≤300 mg/L组(321例),分析Lp(a)在冠心病发病中的作用。结果冠心病组血清Lp(a)均值为(310.09±253.73)mg/L,非冠心病组为(261.41±187.11)mg/L,冠心病组明显高于非冠心病患者,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);Lp(a)300 mg/L组冠心病患病率明显高于Lp(a)≤300 mg/L组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);多因素Logostic回归分析显示,Lp(a)、LDL-C和Apo B同为冠心病独立危险因素。服用他汀类药物者与未服用他汀类药物者Lp(a)水平差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 Lp(a)是冠心病的独立危险因素,在冠心病的发病中起着重要的作用。     

内脂素与冠心病关系的探讨

目的 探讨血清内脂素水平与冠心病的关系.方法 88例住院患者,根据冠状动脉造影的结果分为冠心病组(62例)及对照组(26例),其中冠心病组分为单支病变组、双支病变组、多支病变组,采用ELISA法测定内脂素.同时记录冠心病患者Gensini冠脉病变积分,并与血清内脂素进行相关性分析.结果 冠心病组患者血清内脂素明显高于对照组[(10.77±2.63)μg/L与(7.13±2.06)μg/L,t=-6.283,P＜0.01].内脂素随冠状动脉病变支数的增加而升高(P＜0.05).冠状动脉造影正常、单支病变、双支病变、多支病变的患者,其血清中内脂素水平分别为(7.13±2.06)、(9.30±2.19)、(10.81±2.12)、(12.79±2.20)μg/L.血清内脂素与Gensini冠脉病变积分呈显著正相关(r=0.483,P＜0.01).结论 内脂素升高与冠心病密切相关,内脂素浓度越高,冠状动脉病变越严重.

Abstract：

Objective To study the relationship of serum visfatin level and coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods Eighty eight hospitalized patients were enrolled into the study and divided into CHD group(n = 62) and non-CHD control group(n = 26) according to the angiography results; the CHD group was further divided into single-, double-, multi-vessel affected groups. The serum level of visfatin was measured by ELISA,the lesion severity of coronary arteries was assessed by Gensini coronary scoring system, and the correlation between serum visfatin level and coronary lesion severity was evaluated statistically. Results The level of serum visfatin was significantly higher in CHD group than the control group([ 10. 77 ± 2. 63 ] μg/L vs. [ 7. 13 ± 2. 06 ]μg/L,P ＜ 0. 05). The visfatin level increased along with the the number of stenosis vessels(P ＜ 0. 05). The sermn visfatin levels of no stenosis, single-, double-, multi-vessel groups were(7. 13 ± 2. 06) μg/L,(9. 30±2. 19) μg/L,(10. 81 ± 2. 12) μg/L,(12. 79 ± 2. 20) μg/L respectively. A significant positive correlation was found between coronary lesion severity score and serum visfatin level(r = 0. 483, P ＜ 0. 01). Conclusion The visfatin may be directly related to the initiation and development of coronary diseases. The higher level of serum visfatin was, the more severe coronary artery disease would be.     

脑钠肽对2型糖尿病患者心血管危险预测作用的临床研究

目的 探讨脑钠肽(BNP)与2型糖尿病患者的心血管危险因素的关系、BNP水平与糖尿病患者合并冠心痛的严重程度及其近期预后的关系,探寻一种评价2型糖尿病患者心血管危险的方法.方法 以154例2型糖尿病患者作为研究对象,其中合并原发性高血压65例,合并冠心痛95例.合并冠心病者按临床类型分为稳定型心绞痛组30例、不稳定型心绞痛组33例、急性心肌梗死组32例.观察入选患者的BNP水平和各种心血管危险因素的关系;对合并冠心痛者,观察BNP水平和冠心病不同类型之间的关系,随访6个月观察BNP对合并冠心痛患者死亡的预测作用.结果 入选患者的BNP平均为(397.34±217.79)ng/L,2型糖尿病患者的BNP水平与患者的年龄、CRP、高血压及冠心病正相关(Spearman等级相关指数分别为0.631、0.672、0.762、0.857,P均<0.05);2型糖尿病患者BNP水平随患者年龄升高而升高(r=0.896,P<0.01):<50岁组(57.6±12.3)ng/L,50～59岁组(146.2±53.4)ng/L,60～69岁组(388.4±67.5)ng/L,≥70岁组(423.8±132.6)ng/L(P<0.01或P<0.05);2型糖尿病患者合并原发性高血压者较无高血压合并症者BNP明显升高[(314.7±125.3)ne/L与(136.8±98.7)ng/L,P<0.01];合并冠心病的患者BNP高于无冠心病合并症的患者[(425.03±200.80)ng/L与(37.64±21.57)ng/L,P<0.01],合并冠心痛BNP水平与近期预后关系密切,BNP浓度≥485 ng/L为1个月内心源性死亡的独立预测因素.结论 糖尿病患者的BNP水平和患者的心血管危险相关,对合并冠心病者BNP可作为预测心血管危险的指标.     

非酒精性脂肪肝对急性心肌梗死患者预后的影响

目的探讨急性心肌梗死(acute myocardial infarction, AMI)并发非酒精性脂肪肝(non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, NAFLD)患者血脂、血清炎性因子水平变化,及NAFLD对AMI预后的影响。方法 AMI患者712例,其中350例有NAFLD者为观察组,362例无NAFLD者为对照组。比较2组入院时年龄,性别比例,体质量指数(body mass index, BMI),合并高血压、2型糖尿病情况,ST段抬高型心肌梗死(ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, STEMI)及非STEMI比率,冠状动脉病变支数,行经皮冠状动脉介入术(percutaneous coronary intervention, PCI)比率,药物治疗情况以及血清肌钙蛋白I(cardiac troponin I, cTnI)、尿酸(uric acid, UA)、同型半胱氨酸(homocysteine, Hcy)、C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein, CRP)、总胆固醇(total cholesterol, TC)、三酰甘油(triacylglycerol, TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C)、白细胞计数(white blood cell count, WBC),D-二聚体(D-dimer, D-D)、血小板/淋巴细胞比值(platelet lymphocyte ratio, PLR);随访观察主要心脑血管不良事件(major cardiovascular and cerebrovascular adverse events, MACCE)发生率及生存时间;Pearson相关分析SYNTAX积分与UA等指标的相关性。结果观察组BMI[(29.00±1.41)kg/m^2]、合并2型糖尿病比率(60.57%)、SYNTAX积分[(24.50±2.37)分]及血清TC[(5.67±0.63)mmol/L]、TG[(2.31±0.27)mmol/L]、LDL-C[(3.13±0.51)mmol/L]、UA[(502.20±31.51)μmol/L]、Hcy[(16.91±1.85)μmol/L]、CRP[(22.30±0.37)mg/L]、WBC[(13.08±2.09)×10^9/L]、D-D[(1.36±0.32)g/L]、PLR(191.34±8.15)均高于对照组[BMI:(27.00±1.69)kg/m^2,合并糖尿病比率:41.99%,SYNTAX积分:(19.60±3.95)分,TC:(5.02±0.35)mmol/L,TG:(1.91±0.40)mmol/L,LDL-C:(2.38±0.55)mmol/L,UA:(446.20±51.08)μmol/L,Hcy:(13.63±1.50)μmol/L,CRP:(13.20±0.33)mg/L,WBC:(11.16±0.98)×10^9/L,D-D:(0.95±0.26)g/L,PLR:158.85±8.35](P<0.05);2组年龄,性别比例,合并高血压比率,冠状动脉病变支数,STEMI、非STEMI、PCI比率,阿司匹林等药物应用比率,血清HDL-C、cTnI水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组MACCE发生率(9.71%)高于对照组(5.52%)(P<0.05),中位生存时间(14.5个月)较对照组(15.4个月)短(P<0.05);Pearson相关分析显示,SYNTAX积分与UA(r=0.876,P<0.001)、Hcy(r=0.736,P<0.001)、CRP(r=0.278,P=0.038)、TC(r=0.644,P<0.001)、TG(r=0.641,P<0.001)、LDL-C(r=0.633,P<0.001),BMI(r=0.599,P<0.001)、PLR(r=0.456,P<0.001)均呈正相关。结论 NFALD可能加剧AMI患者炎性反应,增高血脂,加重冠状动脉血管狭窄程度,增加MACCE发生率,影响AMI患者预后。     

冠心病患者血尿酸及糖化血红蛋白水平与冠脉病变的关系

目的:探讨冠心病患者血清尿酸(SUA)及糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)水平与冠状动脉病变程度的关系及其临床意义。方法:270例接受冠脉造影的患者分为冠心病组(198例)和非冠心病组(72例),比较两组SUA及HbA1c水平。对冠心病组冠脉病变程度进行Gensini评分,分析SUA、HbA1c水平与Gensini积分的相关性。冠心病组以HbA1c水平分为A组(HbA1c≤6.5%,94例)和B组(HbA1c>6.5%,104例),分析两亚组SUA水平与Gensini积分的关系。结果:(1)冠心病组SUA、HbA1c水平高于非冠心病组[(341±100)μmol/L vs(289±75)μmol/L;(6.7±1.4)%vs(5.7±1.0)%;均P<0.01]。(2)相关性分析显示,冠心病组SUA及HbA1c水平与Gensini积分呈正相关(r=0.555,0.689,P<0.01),多元线性回归分析示仅HbA1c与Gensini积分存在回归关系(β=0.689,t=11.809,P<0.01),SUA未进入回归方程。(3)A组SUA水平与Gensini积分无相关性(r=0.194,P=0.110),B组SUA水平与Gensini积分正相关(r=0.380,P<0.01)。结论:HbA1c水平是冠脉病变程度的独立预测因子,SUA水平不能独立预测冠脉病变程度,高SUA并高HbA1c联合对冠脉病变程度有较高的预测价值。     

高血压合并冠心病患者的冠脉病变特点

目的 探讨高血压合并冠心病患者的血压及冠脉病变特点.方法 对358例高血压合并冠心病患者和144例单纯冠心病患者进行24h动态血压监测,分析动态血压参数.两组患者都行冠脉造影术,冠脉病变程度以病变的血管支数表示.结果 高血压合并冠心病组患者血管狭窄程度重,弥漫性血管病变多见,且明显高于单纯冠心病组患者(x2＝6.03,P＝0.019);其中复杂病变患者24h动态收缩压、日间动态收缩压、夜间动态收缩压、24h 动态脉压、日间动态脉压、夜间动态脉压都高于简单病变组(t值分别为2.580、2.045、2.675、2.037、2.601、1.995;P 值分别为0.015、0.037、0.009、0.041、0.017、0.047).结论 与单纯冠心病患者相比,高血压合并冠心病患者的冠状动脉的病变程度更重,故应对血压进行良好的控制以减轻高血压合并冠心病患者冠脉病变的程度.     

急性冠脉综合征经皮冠状动脉介入治疗患者出院后血脂状况调查

目的 调查急性冠脉综合征经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)治疗后患者低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)的水平及达标状况。方法 采用回顾性调查方法,纳入121例经PCI治疗的急性冠脉综合征患者,出院后常规服用他汀类药物,2019年7月于天坛医院心内科冠心病介入门诊复诊,记录患者出院后1~3个月、3~6个月、6~12个月及1年以上的肝肾功能、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、LDL-C和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平,并计算LDL-C的达标率。结果 患者出院后1~3月、3~6个月、6~12个月及一年以上肝肾功能均无明显变化。出院后1~3个月、3~6个月、6~12个月、1年以上TG、TC水平无显著差异(P>0. 05);HDL-C水平略有差异(P=0. 047),分别为(1. 04±0. 18)mmol/L、(1. 15±0. 25) mmol/L、(1. 11±0. 21) mmol/L、(1. 11±0. 23) mmol/L;LDL-C的水平分别为(1. 97±0. 83)mmol/L、(1. 94±0. 69) mmol/L、(1. 88±0. 76) mmol/L、(2. 05±0. 55) mmol/L,差异具有统计学意义(P=0. 014);LDL-C的达标率分别为46. 3%、47. 8%、57. 2%、37. 6%,达标率在出院后6~12个月最高,1年后的达标率有下降趋势。结论 急性冠脉综合征经PCI治疗后患者的LDL-C的达标率还有待提高,长期的血脂管理需要加强。