护士长管理素质与护士工作压力相关性的调查与分析

目的 :探讨病房护士长的管理素质与护士工作压力的相关性。方法 :采用问卷调查法对 12 5名护士进行调查 ,调查结果用相关性分析进行统计学处理。结果 :护士长的管理素质与护士工作压力呈负相关。结论 :病房管理者只有努力提高自身的管理素质才能相应地减轻护士的工作压力     

老年脓毒血症患者胆碱酯酶水平与病情及预后的关系

目的探讨脓毒血症患者胆碱酯酶水平与患者病情及预后的关系。方法 2007年6月-2009年6月,将89例脓毒血症患者设定为脓毒血症组,进行血清胆碱酯酶测定及APACHEⅡ评分;另择82例健康人为正常组,测定血清胆碱酯酶值,比较两者之间差异;89例脓毒症患者按病况再分为存活组及死亡组,比较两者之间血清胆碱酯酶及APACHEⅡ评分差异。结果治疗前脓毒血症组胆碱酯酶水平明显低于正常组,有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;脓毒血症组APACHEⅡ评分与血清胆碱酯酶呈负相关;死亡组APACHEⅡ评分明显高于存活组,而血清胆碱酶低于存活组（P〈0.01）。结论胆碱酯酶同APACHEⅡ评分呈负相关,能明显反映脓毒症患者病情严重程度及预后。     

太极拳运动对中老年人心理和自主神经功能的影响

目的 了解太极拳运动对中老年人心理、自主神经的影响，以推动太极拳运动的开展。方法 随机抽取中老年太极拳练习者207人，非练拳者166人，采用Zung焦虑自我评定量表(Zung Self-rating Anxiety Scale，Zung-SAS)和Zung抑郁症自我评定量表(Zung Self-rating Depression Scale，Zung-SDS)及自主神经平衡指数进行调查。结果练拳组SAS及SDS评分与对照组比较有显著差异，练拳组的自主神经平衡状况优于对照组；在SAS、SDS评分和自主神经平衡状态方面，练拳组内部无性别差异；练拳时间越长，自主神经平衡状态越好。结论 开展太极拳运动对中老年人的心理和自主神经功能有积极作用。     

N末端脑钠肽测定在心源性和非心源性急性呼吸困难鉴别诊断与治疗中的应用

目的探讨N末端脑钠肽(NT-ProBNP)测定在心源性和非心源性急性呼吸困难鉴别诊断中的应用。方法利用瑞莱生物工程(深圳)有限公司生产的N末端脑钠肽多功能免疫检测仪检测人全血、血清及血浆中NT-ProBNP浓度水平。结果血中NT-ProBNP浓度水平对患者疗效评估、治疗方案、预后及鉴别诊断有很大帮助。结论血NT-ProBNP检测浓度水平对心源性和非心源性呼吸困难鉴别诊断具有重要的临床意义,其血中的浓度水平与心力衰竭的严重程度密切相关,对HF患者初步筛选、早期诊断、心衰不同程度评估治疗及疗效监测有重要临床价值。     

孕晚期膳食营养状况与巨大儿发生的相关分析

目的：探讨孕妇孕晚期营养状况与巨大儿发生的关系。方法选择产检无严重并发症的孕妇210名,在孕晚期进行膳食状况调查,收集妊娠结局资料。根据新生儿不同出生体重分为低出生体重组12名、正常组178名和巨大儿组20名,利用Logistic回归分析法进行危险因素分析。结果巨大儿组孕产妇的分娩孕周（39．88±0．83）周,血液中脯氨酸（195．00±13．35）μmol/L,均高于低出生体重组[27．50±18．63）周,（110．60±80．81）μmol/L]和正常组[（38．82±1．28）周,（93．57±83．80）μmol/L],差异有统计学意义（F值分别为17．603,5．693;P＜0．01）;回归分析发现,与巨大儿发生有关的因素有分娩孕周、孕晚期体质指数及血清脯氨酸含量（ OR值分别为4．200,0．329,1．046）。结论孕晚期的膳食营养状况会对巨大儿的发生有相关影响,应针对性的开展健康教育,促进母婴健康。     

Procalcitonin and the role of biomarkers in the diagnosis and management of sepsis

Sepsis and severe sepsis cause significant morbidity and mortality among populations worldwide; the rapid diagnosis poses a considerable challenge to physicians in acute care settings. An ideal biomarker should allow, with high diagnostic accuracy, for an early and rapid recognition of sepsis. Procalcitonin (PCT) is a recently rediscovered biomarker that fulfills many of these requirements, especially in comparison to "older" and commonly used biomarkers, and that has demonstrated superior diagnostic accuracy for a variety of infections, including sepsis. While blood cultures are still considered the "gold standard" for the diagnosis of bacteremia and sepsis, and are perhaps one of the most important functions of the clinical microbiology laboratory, PCT provides important information in early stages of sepsis as well as during antimicrobial treatment. In fact, PCT can be useful for antimicrobial stewardship and its utilization may safely lead to significant reduction of unnecessary antimicrobial therapy. However, PCT is also less than a universal and perfect biomarker, as it can also be increased in noninfectious disease conditions. Laboratories and clinicians must appreciate the complexity of diagnostic algorithms for sepsis and understand the particular information that biomarkers, such as PCT, can offer. In that context, it is necessary to not only recognize the importance of critical clinical awareness and thorough physical patient examination, but also to understand traditional microbiological methods and the need for highly sensitive biomarker assays in order to facilitate an early diagnosis and goal-directed therapy in patients suspected of sepsis. This review is intended to provide additional information for clinicians and microbiologists to better understand the physiology and diagnostic utility of procalcitonin for sepsis and other infectious disease conditions.