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1.
目的 研究脑瘫患儿髋关节脱何的预测因素.方法 对90例脑瘫患儿进行中文版脑瘫粗大运动功能分级系统(GMF-CS)分级和脑瘫类型区分,并测定股骨头外移百分比.结果 四肢瘫患儿发生髋关节脱位的风险最大,偏瘫患儿的风险最小;GMF-CS Ⅰ级发生髋关节脱位的风险最小,GMFCS Ⅴ级风险最大.结论 痉挛型脑瘫患儿的髋关节异常发育与脑瘫类型和脑瘫粗大运动功能有相关性.  相似文献   

2.
目的:观察肌内效贴联合运动控制训练对痉挛型脑瘫双下肢痉挛及粗大运动功能的影响。方法:收集痉挛型脑瘫患儿58例,随机分为观察组和对照组各29例。对照组进行常规康复功能训练,观察组在对照组治疗基础上加用肌内效贴及运动控制治疗。2组患儿均于治疗前和治疗3个月后,采用踝关节被动活动范围(PROM)、改良Ashworth痉挛分级量表(MAS)、粗大运动功能量表(GMFM)中的D区、E区进行测定。结果:治疗后,2组患儿PROM角度、GMFM(D、E区)得分均较组内治疗前明显提高(P0.05),MAS评分明显降低(P0.05),观察组各项评分较对照组改善更为显著(P0.05)。结论:肌内效贴配合运动控制训练能有效缓解痉挛型脑瘫下肢痉挛并提高粗大运动功能。  相似文献   

3.
脑瘫患儿粗大运动功能与日常生活能力的相关性研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
目的 分析脑瘫患儿粗大运动功能与日常生活能力之间的相关性.方法 对42例脑瘫患儿(男性26例、女性16例,年龄49.5±21.5个月;痉挛型四肢瘫11例、痉挛型双瘫22例、痉挛型偏瘫5例、徐动型2例、肌张力障碍型2例)采用脑瘫粗大运动功能分级系统(GMFCS)和粗大运动功能测试量表(GMFM)进行粗大运动功能分级和评估;采用能力低下儿童评定量表(PEDI)进行日常生活能力评定,分析不同GMFCS等级脑瘫患儿的日常生活能力表现,以及粗大运动功能与日常生活能力之间的相关性.结果 患儿的GMFCS等级越高,PEDI标准分越低;GMFM66与PEDI的移动能力和自理能力的尺度化分之间的相关性最高(r=0.84),与社交能力尺度化分的相关系数为0.72.结论 脑瘫患儿的粗大运动功能在很大程度上影响其日常生活能力,应把粗大运动功能训练作为脑瘫康复的主要训练项目,并依据不同GMFCS分级确定日常生活能力训练目标.  相似文献   

4.
A型肉毒毒素缓解脑瘫痉挛的适宜剂量与相关因素的研究   总被引:4,自引:3,他引:1  
目的 探讨A型肉毒毒素(BTX-A)缓解脑瘫痉挛的适宜剂量与程度及与其他因素的关系.方法 对39例脑瘫患儿采用BTX-A局部注射缓解痉挛.结果 23例患儿治疗后效果良好,其中男性15例、女性8例,年龄33~145个月,平均(60.7±26.9)个月.BTX-A的适宜剂量与患儿的性别、年龄、体重、诊断分型、粗大运动功能分级(GMFCS)、致病因素、注射点数目无相关性,与术前改良Ashworth量表(MAS)评分呈线性正相关.结论 BTX-A可缓解脑瘫患儿的痉挛,注射剂量与MAS评分呈正相关.  相似文献   

5.
目的探讨肌内效贴结合悬吊训练对痉挛型偏瘫患儿运动功能的影响。方法 2014年10月~2016年4月,60例痉挛型偏瘫脑瘫患儿随机分为常规组(n=20)、悬吊组(n=20)和观察组(n=20),分别接受常规康复、常规康复+悬吊训练、常规康复+悬吊训练+肌内效贴。治疗前及治疗3个月后,采用Mallet评分、改良Ashworth量表、Peabody精细运动发育量表、粗大运动功能测试量表(GMFM)-C区对患儿进行评估。结果治疗后,各组Mallet评分、Peabody精细运动发育量表评分、GMFM-C区评分均提高(t2.074,P0.05),观察组效果最佳(F10.032,P0.001)。观察组治疗后改良Ashworth量表评分显著降低(t=4.767,P0.001),且在三组中最低(F=4.262,P0.05)。结论肌内效贴结合悬吊训练可更有效改善痉挛型偏瘫患儿上肢功能,促进精细运动功能发育,改善粗大运动功能。  相似文献   

6.
目的观察肌电生物反馈疗法联合常规康复训练对痉挛型脑瘫(SCP)患儿各项功能的影响。方法选取SCP患儿142例, 采用随机数字表法分为对照组(71例)及观察组(71例), 两组均采用运动治疗、作业治疗、传统推拿及家庭康复训练指导等常规康复训练, 对照组接受常规康复训练, 观察组在常规康复治疗的基础上辅以肌电生物反馈疗法。肌电生物反馈疗法每日1次, 每次20 min, 每周治疗5 d, 连续治疗12周。治疗前和治疗12周后(治疗后), 采用改良Ashworth痉挛量表(MAS)、Berg平衡量表(BBS)、脑瘫儿童日常生活活动(ADL)能力评定量表和脑瘫粗大运动功能量表(GMFM-88)分别评估2组患儿的腓肠肌肌张力、平衡功能、ADL能力和粗大运动功能。结果治疗后, 2组患儿腓肠肌的MAS分级、BBS评分、脑瘫儿童ADL能力量表评分和GMFM-88量表的各项评分均显著优于组内治疗前(P<0.05), 且观察组治疗后的腓肠肌的MAS分级、BBS评分、脑瘫儿童ADL能力量表评分和GMFM-88量表的D区评分、E区评分和总分分别为(2.86±1.67)级、(34.94±19.73)分、(5...  相似文献   

7.
目的:观察针刀微创结合以Bobath技术为主的康复训练对痉挛型小儿脑性瘫痪(脑瘫)下肢关节纠畸疗效,探索痉挛型脑瘫关节畸形的更有效治疗途径。方法:采用简单随机方法将30例小儿脑瘫患者分为对照1组(针刺组)、对照2组(康复训练组)、新康复组(针刀微创结合康复训练组)各10例,治疗3个月。观察三组治疗前后下肢踝、膝、髋关节屈曲角度及改良Ashworth痉挛分级进行疗效评价。结果:经治疗后,在改善下肢踝、膝、髋关节屈曲角度方面,与对照1、2组相比新康复组有显著差异(P0.01);在改良屈曲肌群Ashworth痉挛分级方面,治疗后与对照1、2组相比,新康复组踝关节屈曲肌群Ashworth痉挛分级P0.01,膝关节屈曲肌群Ashworth痉挛分级P0.05,髋关节屈曲肌群Ashworth痉挛分级P0.05;在改善独立行走功能方面,与对照1、2组相比,新康复组有显著差异(P0.05)。结论:针刀微创结合Bobath康复训练对痉挛型小儿脑瘫下肢关节畸形有很好的纠正作用,其效果优于针刺治疗或单纯康复训练治疗。  相似文献   

8.
目的 探讨学龄期脑瘫儿童粗大运动功能与智力的相关性.方法 采用脑瘫粗大运动功能分级系统(GMFCS)、韦氏学龄儿童智力量表(WISC)和儿童社会适应行为量表,对93例学龄期脑瘫儿童进行评估.结果粗大运动分级结果与智商无相关性(r=0.184,P>0.05),粗大运动分级结果与社会适应行为无相关性(r=0.056,P>0.05).结论 学龄期脑瘫儿童粗大运动功能与智力无相关性.  相似文献   

9.
目的:探究肌电生物反馈联合悬吊运动训练在痉挛型脑瘫患儿中的应用效果。方法:根据随机数字表法将2020年10月至2022年8月收治的106例痉挛型脑瘫患儿分为对照组和观察组各53例。对照组采用悬吊运动训练干预,观察组在对照组的基础上加用肌电生物反馈干预。对比两组患儿粗大运动功能[粗大运动功能评估量表(CMFM-88)评分]、精细运动功能[精细运动功能评估量表(FMFM)评分]、肌张力[改良Ashworth痉挛评定量表(MAS)评分]、平衡功能[Berg平衡量表(BBS)评分]和生活质量[生活质量测定量表简表(QOL-BREF)评分]。结果:干预后,观察组CMFM-88评分高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组FMFM评分高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组BBS评分高于对照组,肘屈肌张力、腕屈肌张力评分低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组QOL-BREF评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:肌电生物反馈联合悬吊运动训练干预痉挛型脑瘫患儿利于改善其粗大运动功能和精细运动功能,降低肌张力,提升平衡能力和生活质量。  相似文献   

10.
王道桂 《中国康复》2017,32(1):49-50
目的:探索针刺在痉挛性脑瘫患儿康复治疗的临床效果。方法:痉挛性脑瘫患儿80例,随机为2组各40例,观察组采用针刺结合康复训练,对照组仅采用单纯康复训练,治疗前后采用Ashworth量表、粗大运动功能积分量表及Peabody量表评价临床效果。结果:治疗3个月后,2组Ashworth评分均较治疗前有明显下降(P0.05),且观察组更低于对照组(P0.05);2组粗大运动功能百分比及Peabody握力区评分均较治疗前有明显提高(P0.05),且观察组更高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:针刺结合康复综合训练治疗小儿痉挛性脑瘫临床效果优于单纯康复综合训练,能显著缓解患儿的痉挛程度、改善患儿的粗大运动功能和精细运动功能。  相似文献   

11.
Purpose: Early identification and intervention with conservative measures is important to help manage hip dysplasia in children with a high adductor and iliopsoas tone and delay in weight bearing. The effect of a daily standing program with hip abduction on hip acetabular development in ambulatory children with cerebral palsy was studied. Method: The participants were 26 children with spastic diplegia cerebral palsy (CP), classified at Level III according to the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS). Thirteen children stood with hip abduction at least 1 h daily from 12 to 14 months of age to 5 years with an individually fabricated standing frame with hip abduction. Results: At the age of 5 years, radiologic results of the study group were compared with a comparison group of 13 children with spastic diplegia CP who had not taken part in a standing program. The migration percentage in all children who stood with abduction remained within stable limits (13–23%) at 5 years of age, in comparison to children who did not stand in abduction (12–47%) (p?Conclusions: The results indicate that a daily standing program with hip abduction in the first 5 years may enhance acetabular development in ambulatory children with spastic diplegia CP.
  • Implications for Rehabilitation
  • Abnormal acetabular development is a problem related to mobility problems and spasticity muscles around the hip.

  • The literature suggests that postural management and standing programs could reduce levels of hip subluxation and increase function in children with cerebral palsy.

  • A standing program with hip abduction can be a beneficial to develop more stable hips in children with spastic diplegic GMFCS level III.

  相似文献   

12.
Yang EJ, Rha D-W, Kim HW, Park ES. Comparison of botulinum toxin type A injection and soft-tissue surgery to treat hip subluxation in children with cerebral palsy.

Objective

To compare the effects of botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) injection into the hip adductor muscles on hip displacement with soft-tissue surgery and assess the factors related to a favorable outcome after intervention in children with bilateral spastic cerebral palsy (CP).

Design

Retrospective chart review with regard to radiographic findings.

Setting

University hospital.

Participants

Children with CP (N=194).

Interventions

BTX-A injection and soft-tissue surgery into the hip adductor muscles.

Main Outcome Measure

The Reimers hip migration percentage (MP).

Results

Sixty-nine children did not receive any therapeutic intervention for hip displacement, whereas 60 children underwent soft-tissue surgery and 65 children took BTX-A injection for the spasticity of their hip muscles. MP was measured on each radiograph of the pelvis. The annual change of MP was improved in both the soft-tissue surgery and BTX-A groups, whereas it worsened in the nonintervention group. The annual improvement of MP in the BTX-A group did not differ significantly from that of the soft-tissue surgery group. The improvement in hip displacement after therapeutic intervention was greater in young children and high-functioning groups compared with older children and low-functioning groups. Hip displacement was progressive in the severely hip subluxated group despite therapeutic intervention.

Conclusions

Comparable effects of BTX-A injection to soft-tissue surgery in our study suggest that BTX-A injection, if timely reinjected, may replace soft-tissue surgery as a prophylactic procedure against progressive hip subluxation or dislocation in children. Age at intervention, functional level, and initial MP before therapeutic intervention were the factors affecting the outcomes.  相似文献   

13.
髋关节矫形器在儿童痉挛型脑性瘫痪康复中的作用   总被引:7,自引:2,他引:5  
目的探讨髋关节矫形器 (HO)在儿童痉挛型脑性瘫痪康复中的作用。方法 5例痉挛型双瘫的脑瘫患儿在原有康复治疗的基础上 ,穿戴HO纠正剪刀样步态。采用基于数字视频和数字图像处理的二维步态分析系统 ,对患儿步行时额状面的双膝(K)与双髂前上棘 (I)之间的距离比 (K/I)进行测评。随访 1年。结果穿戴矫形器后 ,K/I较穿戴前有显著性差异 (P <0 0 5 )。结论髋关节矫形器能限制髋关节内收、改善异常剪刀样步行模式、增强步行稳定性。  相似文献   

14.
目的分析4~12岁不同类型脑瘫患儿粗大运动功能、手功能和语言交流功能分级水平及其相关性。方法选取诊断及分型明确,年龄在4岁以上能够配合检查的脑瘫患儿318例(痉挛型双瘫132例、四肢瘫27例、偏瘫32例、不随意运动型54例,共济失调型41例、混合型32例),均进行粗大运动功能(GMFCS)、手功能(MACS)、交流功能(CFCS)的分级。用Spearman′s相关系数分析不同类型脑瘫的GMFCS、MACS和CFCS中每2个分类系统间的相关性和总的关联。结果脑瘫类型不同,GMFCS、MACS和CFCS三种功能分级系统的功能级别分布也不同,痉挛型双瘫、偏瘫的总体功能障碍最轻,而痉挛型四肢瘫、不随意运动型功能受限最严重。三个功能分类系统的相同分级的总一致性为39.31%(125/318)。三种功能分级呈中度相关,在不同脑瘫类型间的相关程度也不同。GMFCS水平与MACS水平在四肢瘫和不随意运动型患儿相关性最高(rs四肢瘫=0.95;rs不随意=0.93,P<0.05),在偏瘫患儿中不具相关性(P>0.05)。GMFCS水平与CFCS在偏瘫和四肢瘫儿童高度相关(rs偏瘫=1.00、rs四肢瘫=0.82,P<0.05),但是在双瘫患儿中不具相关性(rs=0.15,P>0.05)。MACS与CFCS在四肢瘫和混合型患儿的相关性最高(rs四肢瘫=0.86和rs=0.82,P<0.05),但是双瘫和偏瘫患儿中未发现相关性(P>0.05)。结论脑瘫类型不同,三种功能分级系统的功能级别的分布不同,且三种功能分类系统在不同脑瘫类型的相关性也不同,其联合应用可对脑瘫患儿日常生活中的表现提供更全面功能框架的描述。  相似文献   

15.
目的探讨早产和足月脑瘫患儿在脑瘫类型及共患病的差异。方法将233例脑瘫患儿分为早产儿组(n=98)和足月儿组(n=125),对两组脑瘫临床类型及共患病情况进行分析。结果高危因素主要顺序在早产儿组依次为低出生体重、黄疸、窒息、颅内出血、脐带绕颈;在足月儿组依次为窒息、黄疸、宫内窘迫、颅内出血、宫内感染。早产儿组痉挛型双瘫发生率显著高于足月儿组(P<0.001),足月儿组痉挛型偏瘫发生率(P<0.01)明显高于早产儿组。除听觉障碍外(P<0.05),早产儿和足月儿在智力障碍、癫痫、视觉障碍的共患病方面无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论早产儿脑瘫临床类型以痉挛型双瘫为主,足月儿脑瘫以痉挛型偏瘫为主,早产儿脑瘫共患病中听觉障碍发生率高于足月儿。  相似文献   

16.
Purpose: To examine the reliability of the web-based GMFCS Family Report Questionnaire (GMFCS-FR) between 8 and 11 years old children, compared with the GMFCS-Expanded and Revised (GMFCS-E&R). Method: The GMFCS-FR was translated from the English GMFCS-FR into Danish after the CanChild guidelines; only the order of levels was chosen like in the GMFCS-E&R. Families of 30 children with spastic and dystonic cerebral palsy (age from 8 to 11 years, randomly selected from a cerebral palsy register) answered the GMFCS-FR and were later interviewed by two physiotherapists. Participants and non-responders were compared on basic parameters available from the Danish CP register. Inter-rater agreement and weighted κ was calculated in order to compare the translated GMFCS-FR with physiotherapist’s applied GMFCS-E&R. Results: The inter-rater agreement between the GMFCS-FR in Danish and the GMFCS-E&R was high (76%) and misclassification was minimal. There was a good agreement on the same or nearby levels (weighted κ?=?0.76 and 0.81). The family rated the same or less ability, when compared with trained physiotherapists. Conclusion: The GMFCS-FR is a reliable tool for GMFCS evaluation among 8–11 years old Danish children with CP. The tendency for less-ability rating by families is important when performing and comparing results from epidemiological studies based on GMFCS-FR and GMFCS-E&R.

Implications for Rehabilitation

  • GMFCS Family Report Questionnaire for 6 to 12 years old children is a reliable tool for GMFCS evaluation of children with cerebral palsy.

  • The tendency for less-ability rating by families, compared to rating by physiotherapist, is important for applying GMFCS in epidemiological studies on cerebral palsy.

  相似文献   

17.
[Purpose] Reimers’ hip migration percentage (MP) is commonly used to document the extent of hip displacement in children with cerebral palsy (CP). However, factors such as poor administration of pelvic radiographs, a lack of concentration, inexperience, or a busy clinical environment may result in variations in the MP measurements. The aim of this study was to compare the differences in the MP results of two physiatrists with varying levels of experience to determine the role of experience in the measurement’s accuracy. [Subjects and Methods] This retrospective study included 62 hip radiographs of 31 children with spastic CP. Two physiatrists with different experience levels calculated the baseline MP on two occasions six weeks apart. Correlations, intra- and inter-rater reliabilities, and differences in the MPs were compared. [Results] Correlations and inter- and intra-rater reliabilities of the measurements were excellent. There were no statistically significant intra- or inter-rater differences for either of the two measurement points. Inter-rater correlations for each session were 0.94. [Conclusion] Experience does not appear to be a factor in the evaluation of MP, and inter-rater differences do not cause problems regarding patient follow-up. Therefore, repeated pelvic radiographs are not necessary in the evaluation of MP in children with CP unless indicated.Key words: Reimers’ hip migration index, Cerebral palsy, Experience  相似文献   

18.
Spastic hip displacement is the second most common deformity seen in children with cerebral palsy (CP), and the long-term effects can be debilitating. Progressive hip displacement leading to dislocation can result in severe pain as well as impaired function and quality of life. Recent population-based studies have demonstrated that a child’s Gross Motor Functional Classification System (GMFCS) level is most predictive for identifying hips “at-risk” for progressive lateral displacement. As a result, in many developed countries, hip surveillance has now been adopted as an integral piece of the comprehensive care puzzle for the management of children with spastic hip displacement. This paper reviews the spectrum of treatments available for progressive hip displacement, examines the current literature on the success of hip surveillance, and illustrates an example of a current hip surveillance program stratified by the GMFCS level.  相似文献   

19.
This study reports the five-year outcomes of a prospective population-based study of clinical hip surveillance for children with cerebral palsy (CP) according to evidence-based standards of care. Systematic hip surveillance commenced in Queensland, Australia as a state-wide program in 2005. Queensland represents a dispersed population across a large geographical area, creating unique challenges in terms of service delivery. Over five years, 1,115 children with CP were recruited, representing 73% of the expected population based on 1.9 to 2.1 per 1,000 live births. Standardized clinical and radiological assessments have been provided, with a median follow-up of 1.2 years (range 1 month -5(+8) yrs). Of the 1,115 children, 423 (38%) have been discharged and 692 (62%) remain on surveillance with 314 (28%) identified as having hip displacement with Migration Percentage (MP) equal to or greater than 30% (≥ 30). The incidence of marked hip displacement (MP ≥ 30) was directly related to gross motor function, classified according to the gross motor function classification system (GMFCS), with distribution of GMFCS I=10, (3%), II=40 (13%), III=53 (43%), IV=96 (59%), and V=115 (64%). This state-wide surveillance program has been successful in correctly identifying children with hip displacement (MP ≥ 30), fast tracking children for orthopedic review and discharging those at minimal risk. No child has progressed to dislocation while on surveillance without orthopedic review.  相似文献   

20.
BackgroundIn cerebral palsy, spastic muscle's passive forces are considered to be high but have not been assessed directly. Although activated spastic muscle's force-joint angle relations were studied, this was independent of gait relevant joint positions. The aim was to test the following hypotheses intraoperatively: (i) spastic gracilis passive forces are high even in flexed knee positions, (ii) its active state forces attain high amplitudes within the gait relevant knee angle range, and (iii) increase with added activations of other muscles.MethodsIsometric forces (seven children with cerebral palsy, gross motor function classification score = II) were measured during surgery from knee flexion to full extension, at hip angles of 45° and 20° and in four conditions: (I) passive state, after gracilis was stimulated (II) alone, (III) simultaneously with its synergists, and (IV) also with an antagonist.FindingsDirectly measured peak passive force of spastic gracilis was only a certain fraction of the peak active state forces (maximally 26%) measured in condition II. Conditions III and IV caused gracilis forces to increase (for hip angle = 45°, by 32.8% and 71.9%, and for hip angle = 20°, by 24.5% and 45.1%, respectively). Gait analyses indicated that intraoperative data for knee angles 61–17° and 33–0° (for hip angles 45° and 20°, respectively) are particularly relevant, where active state force approximates its peak values.InterpretationActive state muscular mechanics, rather than passive, of spastic gracilis present a capacity to limit joint movement. The findings can be highly relevant for diagnosis and orthopaedic surgery in individuals with cerebral palsy.  相似文献   

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