肺炎克雷伯菌肺炎对大鼠胸腺细胞凋亡的影响及其机制

目的 探讨肺炎克雷伯菌肺炎对大鼠胸腺细胞凋亡的影响及可能的作用机制.方法 48只Sprague-Dawley大鼠随机(随机数字法)分为对照组和感染组,每组24只.采用气管穿刺注入感染法制作大鼠肺炎克雷伯菌肺炎模型.分别于接种后的第2,4,6天分批处死动物,分别采用TUNEL法检测大鼠胸腺细胞凋亡及免疫组化法检测凋亡相关基因Cleaved Caspase-3、Bcl-2和Fas的表达.结果 与同时间点对照组相比,感染组胸腺细胞凋亡增加,凋亡指数和胸腺细胞Cleaved Caspase-3和Fas表达水平升高,Bcl-2表达水平下降.感染组随着接种时间的延长凋亡指数和胸腺细胞Cleaved Caspase-3表达水平持续增加,胸腺细胞Fas表达水平在第4天达到高峰,胸腺细胞Bcl-2表达水平持续下降,而对照组上述各指标无明显动态变化.结论 肺炎克雷伯菌肺炎可诱导胸腺细胞凋亡增加,其机制可能与Bcl-2表达减少和Fas表达增多有关.不同凋亡调控途径在肺炎不同时期对凋亡的影响亦有所不同,Fas的作用在肺炎第4天后开始减弱而Bel-2的作用继续增强.

Abstract：

Objective To study the effects of pneumonia caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae on apoptosis of thymocytes in rats and its possible mechanism. Methods A total of 48 Sprague Dawley rats were randomly (random number) divided into 2 groups, namely the control group (n =24) and the infection group ( n = 24). The pneumonia models of rats were made with 0.3 mL Klebsiella pneumoniae suspension administered intratracheally per animal. On the 2nd, 4th, and 6th day after intratracheal instillation of bacteria, 1/ 3 of the rats in each group were sacrificed and TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUN EL) method was used to assess the apoptosis of thymocytes. The expressions of cleaved Caspase-3, Bcl-2 and Fas in thympcytes of rats were detected with immunohistochemical staining. Results On each interval, apoptosis index of thymocytes, and the expressions of Cleaved Caspase-3 and Fas in the infection group were all higher than those in the control group (P < 0.01) , while the expressions of Bcl-2 lower than those in the control group (P<0.01). As more time consumed, the apoptotic index of thymocytes and the expressions of cleaved Caspase-3 in the infection group increased significantly (P<0.05). The expressions of Bcl-2 declined gradually (P < 0.05), but the expressions of Fas reached their peak 4th day after infection. There were no significant dynamic changes in all above mentioned variables in control group. Conclusions Pneumonia caused by Klebsiella Pneumoniae can lead to the increase in thymocyte apoptosis in rats. The mechanism may be associated with the decreased expression of Bcl-2 and the increased expression of Fas in thymocytes of rats with pneumonia caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae. The different apoptosis regulation pathways have different effects on different phase of pneumonia, that the effects of Fas decrease 4th day after pneumonia, while the effects of Bcl-2 increase further.     

持续颅内压监护在重型颅脑损伤中的应用

目的 探讨颅内压持续动态监护在重型颅脑损伤救治中的指导意义.方法 将我院2004年8月至2011年2月收治的124例重型颅脑损伤患者随机分为颅内压监护组(62例)和常规治疗组(62例).颅内压监护组根据颅内压的变化随时调整治疗方案,常规治疗组凭经验进行常规的神经外科治疗.结果 颅内压监护组并发急性肾功能衰竭7例,电解质紊乱11例;常规治疗组并发急性肾功能衰竭15例,电解质紊乱25例.颅内压监护组并发症发生率低(x2值为分别为3.54,7.67,P均<0.01).颅内压监护组及常规治疗组甘露醇使用时间分别为(6±2)、(15±3)d,使用剂量分别为(749±125)、(1545±250)g;恢复良好和轻残分别为28、16例,13、9例;重残、植物生存及死亡分别为9、17例,4、7例,8、13例;颅内压监护组较常规治疗组甘露醇使用时间短、剂量小(t值分别为8.32,7.41,P均<0.01),恢复良好和轻残比例高(x2值分别为5.07,3.55,P均<0.01),而重残、植物生存及死亡比例低(x2值分别为0.84,0.89,1.43,P均<0.01).结论 持续颅内压监护有利于早期指导和及时调整治疗措施,降低并发症,改善预后.

Abstract：

Objective To discuss the meaning of continuous intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring in patients with severe traumatic craniocerebral injury. Methods One hundred and twenty four patients with severe craniocerebral injury treated from August 2004 to February 2011 in our hospital, were enrolled and divided randomly into ICP monitoring group (n = 62) and routine treatment group (n = 62). The patients of ICP monitoring group had adjusted treatment plan according to the changes of ICP at any time, whereas the patients in routine treatment group underwent routine neurosurgical treatment according to the doctors' experience. Results There were 7 cases of acute kidney function failure,and 11 cases of electrolyte disturbances in the ICP group.There were 15 cases of acute kidney function failure, and 25 cases of electrolyte disturbances in the routine group. The complication rate in the ICP group was lower than that in the routine group (x2 =3. 54 and 7.67 for acute kidney function failure and electrolyte disturbances respectively, Ps <0. 01). The days of mannite using were (6±2)dand (15 ±3)d, respectively; the dosage of mannite using were (749 ± 125) g and (1545 ±250) g,respectively. The good recovery and slight disability were 28 and 16 cases in the ICP group, and 13 and 9 cases in the routine group,respectively. The severe disability,vegetative state and death were 9,4 and 8 cases in the ICP group,and 17,7 and 13 cases in the routine group. The days and dosage of mannite using in the ICP group were much less than those in the routine group (t = 8. 32 and 7.41, Ps < 0. 01). The proportion of good recovery and slight disability in the ICP group were higher than those in the routine group(x2 =5. 07 and 3. 55,Ps <0.01). However, the proportion of severe disability, vegetative state and death in the ICP group were lower than those in the routine group (x2 =0.84,0.89 and 1.43, Ps < 0. 01) . Conclusion Continuous ICP monitoring in severe craniocerebral injury shows benefits in directing treatment plan adjustment, reducing complications and improving the prognosis.     

小儿肺炎支原体肺炎合并肺外损害65例临床分析

肺炎支原体(mycoplasma pneumoniae，MP)是引起小儿呼吸道疾病的重要病原，近年来支原体肺炎(mycoplasma pneumonia，MPP)的发病率明显上升，随着检测手段的改进，检查出的肺外并发症也逐渐增多，越来越受到儿科医师的重视。我院儿科于2002年12月至2004年6月共收治支原体肺炎(mycoplasma pneumonia，MPP)182例。其中65例出现了肺外损害，分析如下。     

危重症专科小组运作在呼吸道护理管理中的应用及效果

Objective To investigate the role and effect of critical cases specialist group' s operation mode on the nursing quality of respiratory tract. Methods Totally 106 tracheal intubation patients were selected for experiments. 57 cases that use specialist group's operation mode are in experimental group;and others are in control group, which don' t use specialist group' s operation mode. For experimental group, critical cases specialist group was established to organize regular patient rounds, instruct consultations, formulate work direction and nursing quality standards and evaluation indexes;the critical cases of patients with nursing quality were evaluated with three-tier process monitoring;while control group were treated with traditional head nurse rounds guidance, nurses supervision inspection second-level monitoring. This research chose the accident rate of ventilator-associated pneumonia and respiratory care to be one index of the nursing quality for critical cases.Results Ventilator related pneumonia (VAP) and take off tube incidence reduced significantly, the differences were statistically significant (7. 70% vs 20.04%, χ2 = 4. 51, P ＜ 0. 05;10. 52% vs 26.53 %, χ2 = 5.69, P ＜0. 05). The nursing problems and nursing complaints solved by nurses were more than the control group(P ＜0. 05);Doctors' and patients' satisfaction with nursing care were also improved (P ＜0. 05). Conclusions Critical cases specialist group' s operation mode can improve the professional skill of nurses for critical cases;formulate nursing management of clinical critical cases respiratory nursing;improve the nursing quality of respiratory tract.     

重症肺炎患者血浆内脂素的变化及临床意义

目的 通过观察重症肺炎患者血浆内脂素(Visfatin)浓度变化,探讨Visfatin在重症肺炎中的作用以及在判断病情严重程度上的价值.方法 采用前瞻性观察研究,选取2009年6月至2010年6月期间住复旦大学附属上海市第五人民医院急诊科 ICU、普通病房的70例肺炎患者,其中重症肺炎组(A组)40例、非重症肺炎组(B组)30例,另选30名健康体检者为对照组(C组).所有入选者均排除严重心、脑、肾疾病,以及肿瘤、自身免疫系统疾病、1个月内特殊治疗史者.所有人群采用ELISA法检测血浆中Visfatin、白介素6(IL6)、白介素8(IL-8)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α),采用免疫浊度法检测血浆CRP并测定血常规.肺炎患者再进行血气分析,并计算急性生理与慢性健康状况Ⅱ评分(APACHEⅡ评分).组间资料比较用采用成组t检验、方差分析或非参数检验,相关性分析用Pearson相关或Spearman秩相关.结果 A组血浆Visfatin显著高于B组和C组(P<0.01),B组高于C组(P<0.01).A组血浆中Visfatin水平与CRP、TNF-α、APACHEⅡ评分、PMN%呈正相关(rha=0.653,r=0.554,r=0.558,r=0.484,均P<0.05),与PaO2、PaO2/FiO2呈负相关(rha=-0.422,r=-0.543,均P<0.05).结论 Visfatin可能作为促炎因子参与重症肺炎的全身炎症反应,在重症肺炎病情严重程度判断中具有一定价值.

Abstract：

Objective To discuss the value of Visfatin in severity evaluation in patients with severe pneumonia via observation on the variations of the plasma level of Visfatin. Method Seventy subjects including 40 patients with severe pneumonia ( group A) and 30 patients with non-severe pneumonia (group B) admitted to the ICU of emergency department and general wards from June 2009 to June 2010, were enrolled in this prospective study, and another 30 healthy individuals from physical examinees were included as subjects in control group (group C). Patients with severe diseases of heart, brain and kidney, cancers, autoimmune disease, or under special treatment in latest one month were excluded. For the subjects of all three groups, the plasma levels of Visfatin, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α were measured by using ELISA, while the level of CRP was assayed by using immunoturbidimetry, and the routine blood test was performed as well. The blood gas analysis and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation Ⅱ ( APACHE Ⅱ) were carried out in patients with pneumonia. Comparisons between groups were made by t-tests, ANOVA or nonparametric test. Correlation analysis was carried out by Pearson correlation coefficient or Spearman rank correlation test. Results The plasma level of Visfatin in patients with severe pneumonia (group A) was significantly higher than that in patients with non-severe pneumonia (group B) and in the control subjects (group C) (P < 0. 01) , and the level of Visfatin in pneumonia ( group B) and in control group (group C) , and that in group B was significantly higher than that in the controls (group C) (P <0. 01). In group A, the plasma level of Visfatin was positively correlated with CRP, TNF-α, APACHE Ⅱ and PMN% (rha =0. 653, r = 0.554, r = 0.558, r= 0.484, P <0. 05), while negatively correlated with PaO2 and PaO2/FiO2 ( rha = -0.422, r= -0.543, P <0. 05). Conclusions Visfatin may be involved in the systemic inflammation response in severe pneumonia as a pro-inflammatory cytokine which is valuable in assessing the severity of pneumonia.     

解剖型钢板和锁定加压钢板治疗多部位肱骨外科颈骨折比较分析

目的 探讨解剖型钢板和锁定加压钢板在肱骨外科颈骨折治疗中的应用效果.方法 选取肱骨外科颈骨折患者51例,随机分为2组,解剖型钢板组35例,锁定加压钢板组16例.应用解剖型钢板治疗肱骨外科颈骨折35例,根据Neer分类法,Neer三部分骨折19例,四部分骨折16例;锁定加压钢板治疗肱骨外科颈骨折16例,Neer三部分骨折9例,四部分骨折7例.结果 解剖型钢板组28例获随访,时间4～48个月,平均(21±2)个月.按Constant评分标准,优19例,良8例,可1例;锁定加压钢板组14例均获随访,时间1～24个月,平均(12±1)个月.术后肩关节功能评分,优10例,良4例.结论 解剖型钢板和锁定加压钢板均是治疗肱骨外科颈骨折较理想的方法.

Abstract：

Objective To compare the therapeutic effect of anatomy plate and locking compression plate in the treatment of humerus surgical neck fracture. Methods Fifty one patients with humerus surgical neck fracture were enrolled into the study and divided into two groups randomly to accept anatomy plate or locking compression plate treatment. In the anatomy plate treatment group ( n = 35 ), 19 cases were type- Ⅲ fractures and 16 cases were type-Ⅳ fractures according to Neer classification. In the locking compression plate treatment group (n = 16) ,9 cases were type-Ⅲ fractures and 7 cases were type-Ⅳ fractures according to Neer classification. Results In anatomy plate group,28 cases were followed up for 4 months to 48 months ( average period was [21 ± 2] months). According to the Constent score criteria, 19 cases got excellent outcome,8 cases got good outcome,1 case got fair outcome. In locking compression plate group, 14 cases were followed up for 1 month to 24 months (average period was[12 ± 1] months). Ten cases got excellent outcome,4 cases got good outcome. Conclusion Both anatomy plate and locking compression plate treatments are good for the humerus surgical neck fracture.     

不同光疗方式对G6PD缺乏致新生儿高胆红素血症的疗效观察

Objective To observe the curative effect of different mode of phototherapy in treating hy-perbilirubinemia of newborn caused by G6PD deficiency. Methods 102 cases suffering from hyperbilirubinemia of newborn caused by G6PD deficiency were divided into group intermittence phototherapy and group continue phototherapy randomly and got curative effect observation. 48 cases in group intermittence phototherapy got 6 hours phototherapy per time and 2 times per day separated by 6 hours. 54 cases in group continue phototherapy got 24 hours continue phototherapy. Determination of microamount bilirubin was taken until the numerus was un-der 205.6 μmoL/L. As a result, the one day drop-out value of bilirubin and the days for it to decrease under 205.6 μmol/L in two groups had no remarkable difference. That means intermittence phototherapy can take the place of continue phototherapy.     

52例老年吸入性肺炎治疗效果评价

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of administration of ampicillin/sulbactam and imipenem/cilastatin in treatment of aspiration pneumonia in aged patients. Methods 26 aged patients was treated with aspira-tion pneumonia (2.25～3.00 g) through vessel injection twice perday,and another 26 patients was treated with imi-penem/cilastatin (0.5 g) through vessile injection every 6～8 hours. We evaluated the efficacy through assessing the temperature,the chest radiography,WBC and CRP,incidence of side effects,the time to cure and the clearance of bacteria. Results The cure rate was 84.6% (22/26) and 92.3% (24/26),respectively (χ2=0.19,P=0.66). The time to cure was 8.2±2.8 days and 7.5±1.6 days for the groups (t=1.107,P=0.274). Gastrointestinal side effects were observed in the group of ampicillin/sulbactarn;slight abnormality of liver function occurred in the group of imipenem/cilastatin ;all above adverse effects in two groups were rapidly and completely disappeared after therapy stopped. Conclusion Both ampicillin/sulbactam and imipenem/cilastatin are effective antibiotics to treat aspiration pneumonia in aged patients.     

52例老年吸入性肺炎治疗效果评价

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of administration of ampicillin/sulbactam and imipenem/cilastatin in treatment of aspiration pneumonia in aged patients. Methods 26 aged patients was treated with aspira-tion pneumonia (2.25～3.00 g) through vessel injection twice perday,and another 26 patients was treated with imi-penem/cilastatin (0.5 g) through vessile injection every 6～8 hours. We evaluated the efficacy through assessing the temperature,the chest radiography,WBC and CRP,incidence of side effects,the time to cure and the clearance of bacteria. Results The cure rate was 84.6% (22/26) and 92.3% (24/26),respectively (χ2=0.19,P=0.66). The time to cure was 8.2±2.8 days and 7.5±1.6 days for the groups (t=1.107,P=0.274). Gastrointestinal side effects were observed in the group of ampicillin/sulbactarn;slight abnormality of liver function occurred in the group of imipenem/cilastatin ;all above adverse effects in two groups were rapidly and completely disappeared after therapy stopped. Conclusion Both ampicillin/sulbactam and imipenem/cilastatin are effective antibiotics to treat aspiration pneumonia in aged patients.     

不同光疗方式对G6PD缺乏致新生儿高胆红素血症的疗效观察

Objective To observe the curative effect of different mode of phototherapy in treating hy-perbilirubinemia of newborn caused by G6PD deficiency. Methods 102 cases suffering from hyperbilirubinemia of newborn caused by G6PD deficiency were divided into group intermittence phototherapy and group continue phototherapy randomly and got curative effect observation. 48 cases in group intermittence phototherapy got 6 hours phototherapy per time and 2 times per day separated by 6 hours. 54 cases in group continue phototherapy got 24 hours continue phototherapy. Determination of microamount bilirubin was taken until the numerus was un-der 205.6 μmoL/L. As a result, the one day drop-out value of bilirubin and the days for it to decrease under 205.6 μmol/L in two groups had no remarkable difference. That means intermittence phototherapy can take the place of continue phototherapy.     

小儿肺炎支原体感染肺外损害79例诊治分析

目的 分析肺炎支原体感染伴肺外损害的临床特点,探讨其诊断和治疗.方法 对79例肺炎支原体感染伴肺外损害患儿临床表现、实验室检查、治疗效果进行回顾性分析.结果 79例患儿均有发热、咳嗽,查肺炎支原体IgM抗体均为阳性.胸部X线检查:两肺纹理增粗模糊39例,支气管肺炎21例,肺部实变影19例.肺外损害:发热伴消化系统症状30例(37.9%),其中B超检查示肝肿大1例;心血管系统表现(心悸、胸闷、心肌酶增高)26例;血液系统损害13例,其中白细胞减少10例,轻度贫血2例,血小板减少1例;胸腔积液3例;伴皮肤损害3例;伴有神经系统症状者2例;伴有泌尿系统损害者2例.均给予阿奇霉素5～10 mg·kg-1·d-1,静脉滴注,对阿奇霉素耐药者给予红霉素静脉滴注,合并细菌感染者给予头孢类等抗生素.经过2～4周的治疗,79例患儿全部治愈,肺外并发症均消失,异常化验指标恢复正常.结论 支原体感染可致支原体肺炎,同时可致肺外多器官系统损害,临床应提高认识,早期诊断并早期应用大环内酯类抗生素规范治疗.     

IL-13、IL-18及TNF-α在支原体肺炎儿童血清中的表达及临床价值

目的观察白细胞介素-13(IL-13)、白细胞介素-18(IL-18)及肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)在不同临床症状支原体肺炎患儿血清中的水平差异,探讨血清IL-13、IL-18和TNF-α在支原体肺炎患儿临床诊断、病情判定、临床治疗中的指导价值。方法以2016年6-10月期间该院收治的120例支原体肺炎患儿(观察组)和60例健康儿童(对照组)为研究对象,分别对比分析支原体肺炎急性期与恢复期,轻度病情与重度病情,伴喘息与不伴喘息,有肺纤维化样改变与无肺纤维化样改变的支原体肺炎患儿和健康儿童的血清IL-13、IL-18和TNF-α水平差异。结果急性期、恢复期、轻度病情、重度病情、伴喘息、不伴喘息、有肺纤维化样改变、无肺纤维化样改变的支原体肺炎患儿血清IL-13、IL-18和TNF-α水平均显著高于健康儿童(P0.05)。急性期与恢复期,重度病情与轻度病情,伴喘息与不伴喘息,有肺纤维化样改变与无肺纤维化样改变的支原体肺炎患儿的血清IL-13、IL-18和TNF-α水平差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论血清IL-13、IL-18和TNF-α参与支原体肺炎的病情发生、发展过程,是支原体肺炎临床诊断、病情判定、临床治疗的重要参考指标。     

血清降钙素原和C反应蛋白水平改变在支原体肺炎患儿中的临床意义

目的探讨血清降钙素原和C反应蛋白水平改变在支原体肺炎患儿中的临床意义。方法选择支原体肺炎、细菌性肺炎患儿各67例为支原体肺炎组和细菌性肺炎组,选择健康体检儿童67例为健康对照组。检测各组血清降钙素原(PCT)和C反应蛋白(CRP)水平并分析。结果支原体肺炎组急性期血清PCT水平显著高于健康对照组,但显著低于细菌性肺炎组(P均0.05)。支原体肺炎组、细菌性肺炎组血清CRP水平显著高于健康对照组(P0.05),但两者CRP水平比较无显著差异。治疗后发现恢复期支原体肺炎组血清PCT、CRP水平显著下降,与健康对照组无统计学差异(P均0.05)。结论早期联合检测呼吸道感染患儿PCT与CRP水平可帮助早期鉴别支原体感染肺炎和细菌性感染肺炎,并可作为疗效观察的参考依据。     

新生儿急性呼吸窘迫综合征的病因与疗效观察

目的 分析足月新生儿急性呼吸窘迫综合征的发病原因,探索其治疗的方法,分析肺表面活性剂的作用.方法 将所有的足月新生儿急性呼吸窘迫综合征患儿62例分成A(50例)、B组(12例)2组,B组在A组的治疗途径上另加肺表面活性物质进行治疗,并对2组各指标进行分析比较.分析指标包括:pH、PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、HCO3.结果 新生儿窒息42例(68%);窒息合并吸入性肺炎36例(58%),剖宫产19例(31%),奶汁吸入性肺炎6例(10%),感染性肺炎3例(5%),ROC曲线显示曲线下面积分别为0.80、0.76、0.35、0.83、0.74,新生儿窒息,窒息合并吸入性肺炎,奶汁吸入性肺炎以及感染性肺炎和足月新生儿急性呼吸窘迫综合征具有相关性.A、B组的PaO2分别为(78.80±8.23)mm Hg和(87.20 ±8.30)mm Hg(t=4.56,P<0.05);SaO2分别为(89.50±5.40)%和(99.63±3.30)%(t=5.78,P<0.05);差异均有统计学意义.B组的治愈率为92%,A组的治愈率为80%(x2=3.5,P<0.05).结论 足月新生儿出现急性呼吸窘迫综合征的原因很多,指征宜放宽,并以临床严密观察和连续监测血氧饱和度为依据是行之有效的方法.肺表面活性剂对于治疗足月新生儿急性呼吸窘迫综合征疗效较好.     

阿奇霉素联合喜炎平治疗小儿支原体肺炎28例临床疗效观察

目的:观察阿奇霉素序贯治疗联合中药喜炎平注射液治疗小儿支原体肺炎的临床效果。方法:参照《诸福棠实用儿科学》的诊断标准选取支气管肺炎患儿56例,随机分为治疗组和对照组。治疗组给予阿奇霉素联合喜炎平静滴治疗,对照组给予常规剂量阿奇霉素静滴治疗,观察两组患儿咳嗽、气喘、发热消失时间和出现不良反应的情况。结果:治疗组临床疗效优于对照组。结论:阿奇霉素序贯治疗联合喜炎平注射液治疗小儿支原体肺炎疗效肯定,缩短了疗程,减少了副作用的发生,在临床上值得推广。     

儿童社区获得性肺炎的血清降钙素原与超敏C反应蛋白的相关性分析

目的 探讨血清降钙素原(PCT)与超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)检测结果 在儿童社区获得性肺炎中的相关性.方法 112例儿童社区获得性肺炎患者入院后24 h内检测PCT、hs-CRP,并进行相关性分析.结果 细菌性肺组炎PCT与hs-CRP呈正相关(r=0.855,P<0.01),支原体肺炎组和病毒性肺炎组的PCT与hs-CRP均无相关性(P>0.05),细菌性肺炎组PCT和hs-CRP的阳性率明显高于支原体肺炎组和病毒性肺炎组(P<0.05).支原体肺炎组hs-CRP阳性率与病毒性肺炎组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 细菌性肺炎患者PCT 与hs-CRP检测结果 呈正相关,联合检测有助于对社区获得性肺炎的鉴别诊断及合理用药.     

超短波联合药物治疗脑损伤综合征患儿合并肺炎疗效观察

目的 观察超短波联合药物治疗脑损伤综合征患儿合并肺炎的疗效。方法 76例脑损伤综合征合并肺炎患儿随机分为治疗组和对照组各38例。治疗组在抗炎及对症治疗的同时配合超短波治疗，1次／d，10d为1个疗程；对照组只进行抗炎及对症处理。对比观察两组患儿的疗效和哕音消失时间。结果 治疗组痊愈14例、显效20例、好转4例，总有效率100％；对照组痊愈10例、显效14例、好转9例、无效5例，总有效率86．8％，两组患儿的疗效有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。结论 超短波疗法是一种治疗脑损伤综合征患儿合并肺炎的有效方法。     

MSCT联合血清MP-IgM、MP-Ab检测对小儿支原体感染肺炎有较高的诊断价值

  目的  分析多层螺旋CT（MSCT）联合血清肺炎支原体免疫球蛋白M（MP-IgM）、肺炎支原体抗体（MP-Ab）检测对小儿支原体感染肺炎的诊断效能。  方法  选取2019年1月~2021年1月本院收治的86例疑似支原体感染肺炎小儿为研究对象,采用金标准将患者分为感染组（n=38）和非感染组（n=48）。采用MSCT对所有患者进行扫描检查,并检测血清MP-IgM和MP-Ab水平,采用ROC曲线分析MSCT联合血清MP-IgM、MP-Ab对小儿支原体感染肺炎的诊断效能。  结果  MSCT图显示,小儿支原体感染肺炎表现为支气管充气相、支气管壁增厚、磨玻璃影、网状影和支气管血管束增厚,此外还可见明显的呈扇形分布的薄片影。在38例感染患儿中,发生在单侧左肺的有15例（39.47%）,发生在单侧右肺的有17例（44.74%）,发生在双肺的有6例（15.79%）;MSCT与金标准具有较好的一致性（Kappa=0.72）;感染组MP-IgM阳性和MP-Ab阳性率均高于非感染组（P < 0.05）;根据临床诊断为准制作ROC曲线,其中3项联合的诊断价值最高,其与MSCT、MP-IgM、MP-Ab的差异均有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。  结论  MSCT联合MP-IgM、MP-Ab对支原体感染肺炎小儿具有较高的诊断价值。      

微生物敏感性检测在肺炎支原体肺炎治疗中的应用

目的了解微生物敏感性检测在临床肺炎支原体感染后治疗中的价值,以指导临床合理用药。方法选择肺炎支原体阳性的支原体肺炎患者305例,根据是否经验用药分为A、B两组。A组126例,为经验用药的肺炎支原体感染者;B组179例,为肺炎支原体感染的初诊患者。依据微生物敏感性检测结果用药并观察疗效。结果A组患者对不同类别抗菌药物的耐药性高于B组（P〈0.05）;两组患者治疗后效果相比,B组有效率明显高于A组（P〈0.05）。结论微生物敏感性检测在预防肺炎支原体耐药株的传播及肺炎支原体肺炎的治疗中有重要参考价值,对合理使用抗菌药物具有指导意义。     

个性化护理在小儿肺炎支原体感染中的应用

目的:探讨个性化护理干预对小儿肺炎支原体感染的疗效影响。方法:将77例小儿肺炎支原体感染患儿随机分为实验组39例和对照组38例,对照组给予常规护理,实验组给予个性化护理。结果:实验组疗效优于对照组(P0.05),副反应发生率低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:对小儿肺炎支原体感染患儿实施个性化护理,可提高治疗效果,减少副反应发生率,值得在临床上应用和推广。