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1.
局部麻醉B超引导下微创经皮肾镜取石术   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
目的 探讨局部麻醉B超引导下微创经皮肾镜取石术疗效与安全性.方法 分析该院2005年8月~10月采用局部麻醉下应用B超引导穿刺行MPCNL治疗肾结石及输尿管上段结石病人11例临床资料.结果 11例均获得较好疗效,B超引导穿刺全部成功,均采用单通道,无严重并发症发生.结论 局部麻醉B超引导下微创经皮肾镜取石术手术创伤小,操作简便,疗效满意,值得在临床推广应用.  相似文献   

2.
目的探讨B超引导下微创经皮肾镜取石术(MPCNL)治疗肾下盏结石的可行性和安全性。方法2004年12月~2006年7月在B超定位引导下建立通道并同期行微创经皮肾镜取石术治疗肾下盏结石26例,26例均为16F单通道取石。9例为肾中盏通道,17例为肾下盏通道。结果25例1次准确穿刺目标肾盏并建立通道,1例因工作鞘脱出需2次手术重新穿刺建立通道,1次碎石成功21例,4例需2次碎石,结石清除率92%(24/26)。2例残留结石经体外冲击波碎石治疗治愈。平均手术时间51min,平均出血量63mL,未发生经皮肾镜取石术常见严重并发症。结论B超引导下微创经皮肾镜取石术治疗肾下盏结石安全、简便、效果理想。  相似文献   

3.
目的 探讨微创经皮肾镜术治疗ESWL排空障碍的肾下盏结石的临床疗效.方法 1999年4月~2007年8月采用微创经皮.肾镜取石术(MPCNL)治疗ESWL后排空障碍的肾下盏结石患者48例.B超定位,皮肾通道12~16 F,输尿管镜经皮肾通道直接取石,或采用弹道碎石机将结石击碎后取出.结果 48例患者中,取石成功45例,3例失败.取石成功率达93.8%.结论 MPCNL手术损伤小,术后恢复快,是处理ESWL后排空障碍的肾下盏结石恰当的选择.  相似文献   

4.
目的 评价B超引导下微创经皮肾镜碎石术治疗复杂性肾结石的疗效.方法 在2004年7月~2008年12月,96例复杂性肾结石(包括33例肾鹿角型结石,39例肾多发性结石和24例肾结石并输尿管上段结石)在B超引导下行微创经皮肾镜碎石术,平均年龄46.8岁,18例曾行肾切开取石术,36例曾行体外震波碎石术.结果 90例为经中盏单通道取石,6例为双通道取石,一期结石清除率为83.3%(80/96).7例残余结石者辅助ESWL治疗,9例残余结石者需二次微创经皮肾镜碎石术.1例患者术后7 d出现迟发性大出血,经选择性或超选择性肾动脉栓塞止血,肾功能恢复尚可.2例患者术后出现气胸,经B超定位下穿刺抽吸胸腔内积气后治愈.结论 B超引导下微创经皮肾镜术治疗复杂性肾结石具有安全、有效和创伤小等优点.  相似文献   

5.
目的 总结采用微造瘘经皮肾镜取石术治疗儿童肾结石的经验,并评价其安全性和疗效.方法 2003年1月~2009年8月,共有115例儿童肾结石患者在该科行微造瘘经皮肾镜取石术,对其临床资料进行回顾性分析.男69例,女46例;年龄1~14岁,平均7岁.患儿取俯卧位,B超引导下建立工作通道,用气压弹道或钬激光碎石机碎石.结果 115例均一期成功建立皮肾通道,且均为单通道碎石.单纯行微创经皮肾镜取石术(mPCNL)(包括经原窦道取石14例,取净10例)100例取净结石,结石清除率约87.0%;辅助体外冲击波碎石术(ESWL)治疗11例,6例排净结石,总结石清除率达到922%.手术时间45~200 min,平均90 min.所有患者未输血,且无严重并发症.结论 采用微造瘘经皮肾镜取石术治疗儿童肾结石安全有效.  相似文献   

6.
目的:探讨B超引导微创经皮肾镜取石术(MPCNL)治疗上尿路结石的临床应用价值。方法:回顾性分析260例采用超声引导下行MPCNL治疗上尿路结石患者的临床资料。结果:260例患者全部顺利建立经皮肾取石通道,其中215例建立单通道,45例建立双通道。经皮肾建立通道时间15~60min,平均25min,无一例发生大出血、脏器损伤等严重并发症。结论:B超引导下经皮肾穿刺建立通道对经皮肾镜取石术有重要的临床应用价值  相似文献   

7.
目的探讨彩超引导下微创经皮肾镜取石术(minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy,MPCNL)治疗上尿路结石的临床疗效。方法采用彩超引导下微创经皮肾镜取石术治疗上尿路结石210例。结果术后检查182例结石完全消失,28例有残留结石,平均手术时间126 min,一次净石率为86.7%。术中致肾盂或输尿管穿孔4例,术后出血采用介入高选择动脉栓塞止血1例,术后菌血症3例。结论彩超引导下微创经皮肾镜取石术损伤小,碎石成功率高,恢复快,治疗上尿路结石的疗效良好。  相似文献   

8.
目的:探讨B超引导微创经皮肾穿刺造瘘,输尿管镜通过造瘘通道,气压弹道碎石术(MPCNL)治疗复杂性肾结石的疗效。方法:回顾性分析2006-06/2008-05采用B超引导MPCNL治疗32例复杂性肾结石的患者资料。结果:经单通道取石27例,二通道取石4例,三通道取石1例。结石总排净率96.88%(31/32)。术中及术后无大出血及严重并发症发生。结论:B超引导微创经皮肾输尿管镜取石术是一种安全、可靠的治疗复杂性肾结石的方法。  相似文献   

9.
[目的]总结微创经皮肾镜取石术(MPCNL)严重出血行介入治疗的护理体会.[方法]回顾性分析我院21例微创经皮肾镜取石术并发严重出血行介入治疗的护理资料.[结果]MPCNL术后严密观察出血情况,及时行介入治疗,病人均停止出血并顺利康复.[结论]微创经皮肾镜取石术后出血是最严重的并发症,超选择性肾动脉造影及栓塞术是诊断和治疗微创经皮肾镜取石术并发严重出血的安全有效的方法,应有针对性、有目的性地进行MPCNL术后观察及护理,可降低术后并发症的发生.  相似文献   

10.
B超定位经皮肾镜气压弹道碎石术(PCNL)是目前治疗复杂性上尿路结石的首选方法[1]。建立理想的经皮肾通道是经皮肾镜取石术取得良好疗效与安全性的关键。我院自2011年3月—2014年7月对上尿路结石患者84例采用B超引导建立皮肾穿刺通道,微创经皮肾镜气压弹道碎石术治疗,取得较好的临床效果,现报告分析如下:资料与方法1一般资料本组84例病人,男46例,女38例;年龄23-69岁,  相似文献   

11.
Objective: To identify patterns of nonfatal and fatal penetrating trauma among children and adults in New Mexico using ED and medical examiner data.
Methods: The authors retrospectively sampled in 5-year intervals all victims of penetrating trauma who presented to either the state Level-1 trauma center or the state medical examiner from a 16-year period (1978–1993). Rates of nonfatal and fatal firearm and stabbing injury were compared for children and adults.
Results: Rates of nonfatal injury were similar (firearm, 34.3 per 100,000 person-years; stabbing, 35.1). However, rates of fatal injury were significantly different (firearm, 21.9; stabbing, 2.7; relative risk: 8.2; 95% confidence interval: 5.4, 12.5). From 1978 to 1993, nonfatal injury rates increased for children (p = 0.0043) and adults (p < 0.0001), while fatal penetrating injury remained constant. The increase in nonfatal injury in children resulted from increased firearm injury rates. In adults, both stabbing and firearm nonfatal injury rates increased.
Conclusions: Nonfatal injury data suggest that nonfatal violence has increased; fatal injury data suggest that violent death rates have remained constant. Injury patterns vary by age, mechanism of trauma, and data source. These results suggest that ED and medical examiner data differ and that both are needed to guide injury prevention programs.  相似文献   

12.
Three supplementary perspectives are presented arguing that interprofessional collaboration is both necessary and desirable. Nonetheless, there are often too many serious intra-professional barriers and obstacles to interprofessional collaboration to make it successful. Some of these barriers, it is argued and illustrated, are found in the multiple ways in which professional identity is tacitly acquired and embodied in the practitioners' habitual, everyday practice. The paper then explores ways in which reflection, especially Second order reflection, can help to elucidate and overcome these obstacles, as well as increasing professional adaptability and competence.  相似文献   

13.
This is a new method for the determination of creatine kinase isoenzyme MB activity in serum. The method uses direct activity measurement of creatine kinase B subunit activity after blocking of CK-M subunit activity by inhibiting antibodies. The test takes no longer than 15 min. The method yields an intra-serial C.V. of 2.0-12.9%, and a C.V. from day to day of 5.5%. The detection limit is 3.4 U/l creatine kinase MB. In the 95 cases with proven myocardial infarction several types of creatine kinase MB activity kinetics could be determined. The percentage of creatine kinase MB of peak CK-total is 6-25%, with a mean of 11.1%. The amount of creatine kinase MB with respect to total CK activity after reinfarction is higher than the amount after initial infarction.  相似文献   

14.
ABSTRACT

The Cochrane Library of Systematic Reviews is published quarterly as a DVD and monthly online. The January 2011 issue (first quarterly DVD for 2011) contains 4515 complete reviews, 1985 protocols for reviews in production, and 13,521 one-page summaries of systematic reviews published in the general medical literature. In addition, there are citations of 641,000 randomized controlled trials, and 14,018 cited papers in the Cochrane methodology register. The health technology assessment database contains over 9300 citations. One hundred and seven new reviews have been published in the last 3 months, of which five have potential relevance for practitioners in pain and palliative medicine.  相似文献   

15.
目的 探讨手转胎头术失败的原因与分娩结局.方法 选择2008年1月至2010年12月于我院住院分娩的持续性枕横位、枕后位产妇198例,根据行手转胎头术后结果分为成功组126例、失败组72例.比较两组分娩结局,对比分析失败原因.结果 失败组胎儿体质量≥3500 g的发生率[76.4%(55/72)]明显高于成功组[31.7%(40/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2=30.177,P=0.001)、失败组宫缩乏力发生率[58.3%(42/72)]高于成功组[38.1% (48/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2=7.569,P=0.006)、失败组骨盆临界或轻度狭窄发生率[38.9% (28/72)]高于成功组[23.8%(30/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2 =5.030,P=0.002)、失败组手转胎头时机不当(宫口开大<6 cm、胎头位于坐骨棘上及宫口开大8~10 cm、胎头位于坐骨棘下≥2 cm)发生率[61.1%(44/72)]高于成功组[38.9%(49/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2=9.084,P=0.003).失败组母儿并发症(产后出血、产褥病率、胎儿窘迫、新生儿窒息)发生率高于成功组(x2 =9.586,P=0.002、x2=9.334,P=0.002、x2=5.910,P=0.015、x2=5.240,P=0.022)、失败组剖宫产发生率[72.2%(52/72)]明显高于成功组[34.1 %(43/126),x2=26.641,P=0.001)].结论 手转胎头术能使难产变顺产,降低剖宫产率,减少母儿并发症,但须积极预防、处理导致手转胎头术失败的原因,对矫正失败后继续矫正及试产应慎重.  相似文献   

16.
17.
Ranganath C  Heller AS  Wilding EL 《NeuroImage》2007,35(4):1663-1673
Although substantial evidence suggests that the prefrontal cortex (PFC) implements processes that are critical for accurate episodic memory judgments, the specific roles of different PFC subregions remain unclear. Here, we used event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging to distinguish between prefrontal activity related to operations that (1) influence processing of retrieval cues based on current task demands, or (2) are involved in monitoring the outputs of retrieval. Fourteen participants studied auditory words spoken by a male or female speaker and completed memory tests in which the stimuli were unstudied foil words and studied words spoken by either the same speaker at study, or the alternate speaker. On "general" test trials, participants were to determine whether each word was studied, regardless of the voice of the speaker, whereas on "specific" test trials, participants were to additionally distinguish between studied words that were spoken in the same voice or a different voice at study. Thus, on specific test trials, participants were explicitly required to attend to voice information in order to evaluate each test item. Anterior (right BA 10), dorsolateral prefrontal (right BA 46), and inferior frontal (bilateral BA 47/12) regions were more active during specific than during general trials. Activation in anterior and dorsolateral PFC was enhanced during specific test trials even in response to unstudied items, suggesting that activation in these regions was related to the differential processing of retrieval cues in the two tasks. In contrast, differences between specific and general test trials in inferior frontal regions (bilateral BA 47/12) were seen only for studied items, suggesting a role for these regions in post-retrieval monitoring processes. Results from this study are consistent with the idea that different PFC subregions implement distinct, but complementary processes that collectively support accurate episodic memory judgments.  相似文献   

18.
The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) in the USA operates a network of 172 medical centres which all utilize a hospital information system (HIS) which has been developed and is currently maintained by the VA. During the past several years, an image management and communication module has been developed, installed and clinically utilized at the Washington DC and Maryland VA Medical Centres. This image management and communication system, referred to as the decentralized hospital computer program (DHCP) imaging system, is fully integrated with a commercial picture archiving and communication system (PACS). The system is utilized to capture, archive, and display all images generated within the hospital including radiology, nuclear medicine, pathology, endoscopy, bronchoscopy, and dermatology, intraoperative photographs, ECG data, and a limited number of paper documents. The ultimate goal of the project is to have all patient text and image data available at any clinical workstation to any authorized user anywhere within the network of medical centres. Clinical requirements for an imaging workstation include ease of use, rapid and reliable access to the complete set of patient information, and images which are of acceptable quality to meet the requirements of the user and the subspecialty. Patient confidentiality and data security must be safeguarded at all times. Integration of the images with the remainder of the patient's database was found to be critical to the success of the project. The experience at the Washington and Maryland facilities suggests that an imaging system that is successfully integrated with a hospital information system can provide substantial clinical and economic benefits both within and among medical centres. Clinical acceptance and utilization of the system has been excellent, particularly in diagnostic radiology where DHCP Imaging has been interfaced to a commercial PAC system. Based upon this initial experience, the VA has begun to deploy the system throughout its large network of medical centres.  相似文献   

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目的 探讨俯卧位通气对高海拔地区肺复张术(RM)治疗无效急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)患者的治疗作用.方法 从海拔2260m的地区医院筛选RM治疗无效的41例ARDS患者[平均氧合指数( PaO2/FiO2)较RM前升高<20%视为RM无效],依不同病因分为肺内源性ARDS组(ARDSp组)和肺外源性ARDS组(ARDSexp组),每组再按信封法随机分为俯卧位组和仰卧位组,即ARDSp俯卧位组(11例)、ARDSp仰卧位组(9例)、ARDSexp俯卧位组(10例)、ARDSexp仰卧位组(11例).在通气前及通气1、2、3、4h监测动脉血氧分压( PaO2)、PaO2/FiO2、静态顺应性(Cst)、气道阻力(Raw)的变化.结果 通气lh时,ARDSexp俯卧位组PaO2/FiO2( mm Hg,l mm Hg=0.133 kPa)即较通气前显著升高(157.4±40.6比129.3±48.7,P<0.05),并随通气时间延长呈持续增高趋势,4h达峰值(219.1 ±41.1);且ARDSexp俯卧位组通气3h内PaO2/FiO2较其他3组显著增高,另3组间则差异无统计学意义.ARDSp俯卧位组、ARDSexp俯卧位组通气4h时PaO2/FiO2均较相应仰卧位组显著增高(208.8±39.7比127.4±47.1,219.1±41.1比124.9±50.8,均P<0.05).4组通气前后Cst无显著改变,各组间差异也无统计学意义.ARDSp俯卧位组通气4h时Raw(cmH2O·L-1·s-1)较通气前显著降低(6.8±1.7比10.7±1.8,P<0.05),且明显低于其他3组;其他3组各时间点Raw组内及组间比较差异均无统计学意义.结论 俯卧位通气作为ARDS机械通气重要策略之一,可以改善RM无效高原ARDS患者的氧合,为抢救患者赢得宝贵的时间.  相似文献   

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