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1.
高压氧治疗对脑外伤患者血糖的影响   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2  
目的 探讨脑外伤后血糖改变与高压氧疗效之间的关系。方法 选取 70例脑外伤患者为研究对象 ,分为治疗组和对照组 ,以GCS评分判断疗效 ,并测定 2组患者治疗前、后的血糖浓度 ,进行比较判定。结果 治疗组治疗后GCS评分为 (11.9± 1.7)分 ,对照组评分为 (10 .7± 2 .0 )分 ,2组比较差异有非常显著性意义 (P <0 .0 1) ,治疗组疗效明显优于对照组。治疗前治疗组血糖为 (8.5 0± 4.5 5 )mmol/L ,对照组为 (8.76± 2 .78)mmol/L ,2组间差异无显著性意义 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;治疗后治疗组血糖为 (5 .46± 0 .84)mmol/L ,对照组为(6.0 4± 0 .86)mmol/L ,差异有非常显著性意义 (P <0 .0 1) ,治疗组血糖明显低于对照组。结论 脑外伤后血糖显著升高 ;高压氧能提高受损脑组织对葡萄糖的利用 ,使血糖下降 ;高压氧治疗是脑外伤的辅助治疗方法。  相似文献   

2.
磁处理酒对大鼠血液流变学的影响   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
目的观察磁处理酒对大鼠血液流变学的影响.方法3组大鼠分别饮用含10%乙醇磁处理白酒(磁酒组)、10%未经磁处理白酒(白酒组)、自来水(对照组)30d后,取全血测定血液流变学的各项指标.结果磁酒组与对照组比较,能显著降低高切变率(200s-1)、中切变率(100s-1,30s-1)、低切变率(3s-1)下的全血粘度和卡松粘度及全血还原粘度,差异有显著性或非常显著性(分别为t=2.6118,2.6129,2.6654,2.1349和2.6986,2.5818,2.1897及3.1708;P<0.05或P<0.01),白酒组上述指标虽亦低于对照组,但两组之间差异均无显著性(P>0.05).磁酒组的红细胞聚集指数(8.3444±0.8287)和血液屈服应力(1.3722±0.0860)亦均显著低于对照组(9.1378±0.8910)和(1.4600±0.0865)(t=2.0619和2.2769,均P<0.05);而白酒组(8.6100±0.8163)和(1.4189±0.1086)与对照组差异均无显著性(P>0.05).磁酒组红细胞电泳时间(26.4389±3.5631)s显著短于对照组(32.1544±5.9353)s(t=2.6101,P<0.05);白酒组(27.2078±5.2161)s虽亦短于对照组,但两组差异无显著性(P>0.05).磁酒组红细胞刚性指数(TX)(1.0056±0.0546)较对照组(1.0656±0.0834)降低,但差异未达统计学上显著水平(t=1.9034,0.05<P<0.1);而白酒组(1.0400±0.0990)与对照组比,无明显变化(P>0.05).磁酒组血浆纤维蛋白原含量(4.7556±0.5480)g/L显著低于对照组(5.3667±0.5723)g/L(t=2.4389,P<0.05);而白酒组(5.3125±0.7772)g/L与对照组差异无显著性(P>0.05).磁酒组和白酒组血浆粘度、红细胞压积、血沉及血沉方程K值与对照组比,均无显著性变化(均P>0.05).结论磁处理白酒在降低血液粘度,改善血液的流变特性,促进血液循环等方面优于白酒.  相似文献   

3.
失代偿期肝硬化患者血脂变化分析   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
胡蜀红 《临床荟萃》2001,16(4):148-148
目的 :探讨肝硬化对血脂代谢的影响。方法 :观察失代偿期肝硬化患者血脂水平 ,包括甘油三酯 (TG)、总胆固醇 (Tch)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (LDL ch)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (HDL ch) ,并以肝功能正常者作对照。结果 :肝硬化患者TG水平明显低于对照组 [(0 .76± 0 .3 6)mmol/L比 (1.3 1± 0 .41)mmol/L ,P <0 .0 0 1] ,Tch和LDL ch明显低于对照组 [Tch(2 .80± 0 .94)mmol/L比 (3 .95± 1.90 )mmol/L ;LDL ch(1.83± 0 .62 )mmol/L比 (2 .60± 1.2 5 )mmol/L ,P值分别 <0 .0 5 ] ,而HDL ch在两组间无明显差异 [(0 .64± 0 .3 9)mmol/L比 (0 .78± 0 .2 7)mmol/L ,P >0 .0 5 ]。结论 :血甘油三酯降低比胆固醇降低更能反映肝硬化患者肝功能受损的情况  相似文献   

4.
目的探讨吸烟对 2型糖尿病患者糖代谢的影响。方法用临床化学分析仪测定 2型糖尿病患者吸烟组 (n =1 2 8)与非吸烟组 (n =1 2 0 ,对照组 )的血糖和氨基果糖 (FA) ,放射免疫法测血清胰岛素 ,用稳态模型分析法 (HOMA)评价胰岛素抵抗 (IR)。结果吸烟组与对照组患者空腹血糖 (FPG)水平分别为 (1 0 .0 6± 3.2 6 )mmol/L和 (9.5 0± 3.34)mmol/L(P >0 .0 5 ) ;餐后 2h血糖 (2hPG)分别为 (1 5 .97± 5 .0 0 )mmol/L和 (1 4 .6 4± 4 .71 )mmol/L(P <0 .0 5 ) ;葡萄糖曲线下面积 (AUCglu)分别为 (2 9.2 5± 1 0 .2 2 )mmol/ (L·h)和 (2 5 .1 0± 8.82 )mmol/ (L·h) (P <0 .0 1 ) ;FA分别为 (2 .82± 0 .90 )mmol/L和 (2 .5 0± 0 .75 )mmol/L(P<0 .0 5 ) ;HOMA IR分别为 4 .88± 2 .2 0和 4 .2 1± 1 .83(P <0 .0 5 )。结论吸烟对 2型糖尿病患者的 2hPG、AUCglu和FA均有显著影响 ,可能与其导致的IR增加有关  相似文献   

5.
李保国  穆建敏  任琳 《临床荟萃》2003,18(21):1227-1228
目的 探讨青年缺血性脑卒中患者的危险因素。方法 对 5 2例 4 5岁以下缺血性脑卒中患者 ,4 8名同年龄健康对照组、5 5例中老年缺血性脑卒中患者、5 0名同年龄对照组的血脂、脂蛋白、血糖水平及血压等资料进行分析。结果 青年缺血性脑卒中患者的总胆固醇含量为 (5 .0 0± 1.4 6 )mmol/L ,甘油三酯为 (1.92± 1.4 4 )mmol/L ,低密度脂蛋白为 (2 .98± 0 .93)mmol/L ,显著高于对照组 [总胆固醇 (4 .35± 0 .95 )mmol/L ,甘油三酯为 (1.4 1± 0 .5 8)mmol/L ,低密度脂蛋白为 (2 .4 1± 0 .80 )mmol/L ;高密度脂蛋白 (1.16± 0 .35 )mmol/L ,载脂蛋白A(1.12± 0 .18) g/L ,低于对照组 [高密度脂蛋白 (2 .18± 0 .82 )mmol/L ,载脂蛋白A(1.37± 0 .73)g/L]及中老年缺血性脑卒中组 [高密度脂蛋白 (1.4 3± 0 .32 )mmol/L ,载脂蛋白A(1.32± 0 .17) g/L]。 结论 脂质代谢异常是引起青年缺血性脑卒中的主要原因 ,其中高密度脂蛋白降低可能是脑卒中最重要的危险因素  相似文献   

6.
目的:研究家族性2型糖尿病家系一级亲属正常同胞的血糖血脂代谢变化。方法:收集江苏苏南地区2型糖尿病多发家系136个。在排除糖尿病和糖耐量异常的前提下,选择先证者同胞为观察组(n=108),先证者同胞的配偶为对照组(n=92),进行血糖血脂代谢分析。结果:与对照组比较,观察组的三酰甘油犤(11.62±0.74)mmol/L犦、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇犤(3.23±1.39)mmol/L犦、空腹血糖犤(4.59±0.54)mmol/L犦和口服葡萄糖2h血糖犤(5.12±1.16)mmol/L犦升高,差异有显著性意义(t=2.644~2.971,P均0.05);而空腹及口服葡萄糖2h胰岛素犤(11.7±4.9),(37.7±23.7)mu/L犦和C肽水平犤(1.94±1.35),(5.23±3.27)μg/L犦无明显差异(t=0.261~1.254,P均>0.05)。结论:家族性2型糖尿病家系一级亲属在糖耐量正常的情况下血糖、血脂已开始变化,提示有胰岛素不敏感。对该糖尿病高危人群应进行监测及教育以利早期防治。  相似文献   

7.
口服葡萄糖耐量试验诊断DM、IGT、IFG的临床意义   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
目的 探讨空腹血糖 (FPG) <7.0mmol/L ,OGTT试验诊断糖尿病 (DM )、糖耐量减低 (IGT)及空腹血糖损害 (IFG)的价值。方法 挑选经体检确认FPG >7.0mmol/L人群作为观察对象 ,经馒头餐后 2h PG≥ 6.7mmol/L人员 ,施以OGTT ,根据 1999年WHO标准分为三组 :DM组、IGT组及IFG组。给每一组人员检查 2 4h尿微量白蛋白 (UmALB)。结果 DM、IGT及IFG男性检出率分别为 6.6%、10 .5 %及 5 .1% ,女性为 5 .1%、12 .5 %及 3 .3 % ,男性DM及IFG检出率高于女性 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,女性IGT检出率显著高于男性 (P <0 .0 1) ;2 4hUmALB ,FPG诊断DM组为 43 .2± 14 .3mg、OGTT诊断DM组为 3 0 .4± 15 .3mg、IGT组为 2 1.7± 8.5mg、IFG组为 7.7± 3 .6mg、正常对照组 7.5± 4.6mg ,DM组、IGT组均显著高于正常对照组 (P <0 .0 1) ,IFG组与正常对照组无差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 对于FPG <7.0mmol/L者 ,应以OGTT试验来筛查患者是否有糖尿病或糖耐量异常。  相似文献   

8.
目的探讨抑郁症患者不同亚型之间血脂水平的差异.方法采用酶法及免疫比浊法检测66 例抑郁症和36 名健康对照者的血脂[总胆固醇(TC) 、三酰甘油(TG) 、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C) 、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C) 、载脂蛋白(Apo)A1 和ApoB]水平,并比较34例内源性抑郁症患者、32例非内源性抑郁症患者、25例有自杀行为者、41例无自杀行为者与健康对照者血脂水平的差异.结果内源性抑郁症组血清TC[ (3.99±0.76) mmol/ L ] 、HDL-C[ (0.96±0.24) mmol/ L ]、ApoA1[ (1.33±0.11) g/L] 、ApoB[ (0.68±0.11) g/ L ] 均低于对照组,两者比较差异有显著性(P<0.01~0.001);非内源性抑郁症组除HDL-C[ (1.06±0.23) mmol/ L ]低于对照组外(P<0.01),其他差异均无显著性;自杀行为组血清TC[ (3.76±0.75) mmol/ L ] 、HDL-C[(1.01±0.26)mmol/ L ]、LDL-C[ (2.32±0.84) mmol/ L ] 、ApoA1[ (1.34±0.12) g/L] 、ApoB[ (0.64±0.14) g/ L ]均低于正常对照组,两者比较差异有显著性(P<0.05~0.001);非自杀行为组除HDL-C[ (1.01±0.23) mmol/ L ]低于对照组外(P<0.01),其他差异均无显著性.结论内源性抑郁症患者存在脂质代谢异常,而有自杀倾向的抑郁症患者存在更为严重的脂质代谢异常,其中低HDL-C水平可能是抑郁症共同的生物学标记.  相似文献   

9.
电刺激小脑对脑梗塞患者血浆内皮素的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的 探讨电刺激小脑治疗对急性脑梗塞患者血浆内皮素水平的影响。方法 将6 0例急性脑梗塞患者 ,随机分为电刺激小脑治疗组 (30例 )和常规治疗对照组 (30例 ) ,分别观察其疗效和治疗前后血浆内皮素 (ET)含量的变化 ,并与 30名健康人的血浆ET水平进行比较。结果 脑梗塞患者的血浆内皮素水平 (6 1.76± 34 .6 0 )ng/L ,明显高于健康人 (44 .48± 6 .41)ng/L ,P <0 .0 1。电刺激小脑治疗组治疗前与对照组血浆内皮素水平差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;治疗后患者血浆内皮素水平 (39.12± 2 1.39)ng/L ,较对照组 (6 1.5 0± 12 .6 4)ng/L明显降低 (P <0 .0 1) ,与健康人比较差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 )。对照组治疗前后差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 电刺激小脑治疗对急性脑梗塞患者有明显疗效 ,利于患者的早期肢体功能恢复 ,血浆ET水平的降低是其治疗机制之一。  相似文献   

10.
采用美国Helena琼脂糖电泳技术测定 10 0例艾滋病人(实验组 ) ,30名健康人 (对照组 )的血清蛋白电泳 ,用双缩脲法测血清总蛋白 ,用溴甲酚绿法测白蛋白。实验组总蛋白与对照组无显著性差异 [实验组 (78.35± 6 .10 )g/L ,对照组 (79.4 2± 3.0 1)g/LP >0 .0 5 ]实验组白蛋白与对照组无显著性差异 [实验组 (4 1.86± 4 .88)g/L ,对照组 (4 2 .85± 2 .0 4 )g/LP >0 .0 5 ];实验组白蛋白百分比与对照组无显著性差异 [实验组(4 5 .7± 8.2 5 ) % ,对照组 (5 7.96± 2 .70 ) % ,P >0 .0 5 ]实验组α1,α2 ,β球蛋白百分比分别与对照组无显著…  相似文献   

11.
温热白酒按摩脐部治疗婴幼儿腹泻的护理   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
目的:继承中医小儿推拿手法中的摩腹揉脐,并加以改良。方法:观察组采用改良方法治疗婴幼儿腹泻80例;对照组80例,用药物治疗,观察72h腹泻停止时间。结果:两组总有效率比较,有明显差异,P〈0.01。结论:该方法与药物治疗相比,降低了病原菌的变异和耐药菌株的产生,避免了药物而致的毒性反应,操作简单,取材方便,疗效显。  相似文献   

12.
磁处理酒对人血清超氧化物歧化酶及一氧化氮含量的影响   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8  
目的 研究饮用磁处理白酒对人血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、丙二醛(MDA)及一氧化氮(NO)含量的影响。方法 将60名受试者随机分为白酒组和磁处理白酒组各30名。实验前3d禁饮任何酒类,实验开始第1d晨取空腹静脉血测血清SOD、MDA和NO,之后根据本人酒量和饮酒习惯自由饮用白酒或磁处理白酒30d后于晨取空腹静脉血再测以上3项指标。结果 饮用磁处理白酒者血清SOD活性和NO含量比饮前显著升高(t=5.6335,t=4.2447,P<0.01)。MDA含量明显降低(t=5.5068,P<0.01)。饮用白酒者血清SOD和NO比饮用前明显降低(t=2.8194,P<0.05;t=3.6265,P<0.01),MDA含量显著升高(t=4.7203,P<0.01)。两组比较,SOD活性和NO含量的升高及MDA含量的降低均具有显著性(t=4.5689,t=4.0520,t=5.7586,P<0.01)。结论 磁处理白酒可以降低白酒促进人体脂质过氧化及减少血清NO含量降低可能带来的危害。  相似文献   

13.
Objective: To identify patterns of nonfatal and fatal penetrating trauma among children and adults in New Mexico using ED and medical examiner data.
Methods: The authors retrospectively sampled in 5-year intervals all victims of penetrating trauma who presented to either the state Level-1 trauma center or the state medical examiner from a 16-year period (1978–1993). Rates of nonfatal and fatal firearm and stabbing injury were compared for children and adults.
Results: Rates of nonfatal injury were similar (firearm, 34.3 per 100,000 person-years; stabbing, 35.1). However, rates of fatal injury were significantly different (firearm, 21.9; stabbing, 2.7; relative risk: 8.2; 95% confidence interval: 5.4, 12.5). From 1978 to 1993, nonfatal injury rates increased for children (p = 0.0043) and adults (p < 0.0001), while fatal penetrating injury remained constant. The increase in nonfatal injury in children resulted from increased firearm injury rates. In adults, both stabbing and firearm nonfatal injury rates increased.
Conclusions: Nonfatal injury data suggest that nonfatal violence has increased; fatal injury data suggest that violent death rates have remained constant. Injury patterns vary by age, mechanism of trauma, and data source. These results suggest that ED and medical examiner data differ and that both are needed to guide injury prevention programs.  相似文献   

14.
Three supplementary perspectives are presented arguing that interprofessional collaboration is both necessary and desirable. Nonetheless, there are often too many serious intra-professional barriers and obstacles to interprofessional collaboration to make it successful. Some of these barriers, it is argued and illustrated, are found in the multiple ways in which professional identity is tacitly acquired and embodied in the practitioners' habitual, everyday practice. The paper then explores ways in which reflection, especially Second order reflection, can help to elucidate and overcome these obstacles, as well as increasing professional adaptability and competence.  相似文献   

15.
ABSTRACT

The Cochrane Library of Systematic Reviews is published quarterly as a DVD and monthly online. The January 2011 issue (first quarterly DVD for 2011) contains 4515 complete reviews, 1985 protocols for reviews in production, and 13,521 one-page summaries of systematic reviews published in the general medical literature. In addition, there are citations of 641,000 randomized controlled trials, and 14,018 cited papers in the Cochrane methodology register. The health technology assessment database contains over 9300 citations. One hundred and seven new reviews have been published in the last 3 months, of which five have potential relevance for practitioners in pain and palliative medicine.  相似文献   

16.
This is a new method for the determination of creatine kinase isoenzyme MB activity in serum. The method uses direct activity measurement of creatine kinase B subunit activity after blocking of CK-M subunit activity by inhibiting antibodies. The test takes no longer than 15 min. The method yields an intra-serial C.V. of 2.0-12.9%, and a C.V. from day to day of 5.5%. The detection limit is 3.4 U/l creatine kinase MB. In the 95 cases with proven myocardial infarction several types of creatine kinase MB activity kinetics could be determined. The percentage of creatine kinase MB of peak CK-total is 6-25%, with a mean of 11.1%. The amount of creatine kinase MB with respect to total CK activity after reinfarction is higher than the amount after initial infarction.  相似文献   

17.
目的 探讨手转胎头术失败的原因与分娩结局.方法 选择2008年1月至2010年12月于我院住院分娩的持续性枕横位、枕后位产妇198例,根据行手转胎头术后结果分为成功组126例、失败组72例.比较两组分娩结局,对比分析失败原因.结果 失败组胎儿体质量≥3500 g的发生率[76.4%(55/72)]明显高于成功组[31.7%(40/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2=30.177,P=0.001)、失败组宫缩乏力发生率[58.3%(42/72)]高于成功组[38.1% (48/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2=7.569,P=0.006)、失败组骨盆临界或轻度狭窄发生率[38.9% (28/72)]高于成功组[23.8%(30/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2 =5.030,P=0.002)、失败组手转胎头时机不当(宫口开大<6 cm、胎头位于坐骨棘上及宫口开大8~10 cm、胎头位于坐骨棘下≥2 cm)发生率[61.1%(44/72)]高于成功组[38.9%(49/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2=9.084,P=0.003).失败组母儿并发症(产后出血、产褥病率、胎儿窘迫、新生儿窒息)发生率高于成功组(x2 =9.586,P=0.002、x2=9.334,P=0.002、x2=5.910,P=0.015、x2=5.240,P=0.022)、失败组剖宫产发生率[72.2%(52/72)]明显高于成功组[34.1 %(43/126),x2=26.641,P=0.001)].结论 手转胎头术能使难产变顺产,降低剖宫产率,减少母儿并发症,但须积极预防、处理导致手转胎头术失败的原因,对矫正失败后继续矫正及试产应慎重.  相似文献   

18.
Ranganath C  Heller AS  Wilding EL 《NeuroImage》2007,35(4):1663-1673
Although substantial evidence suggests that the prefrontal cortex (PFC) implements processes that are critical for accurate episodic memory judgments, the specific roles of different PFC subregions remain unclear. Here, we used event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging to distinguish between prefrontal activity related to operations that (1) influence processing of retrieval cues based on current task demands, or (2) are involved in monitoring the outputs of retrieval. Fourteen participants studied auditory words spoken by a male or female speaker and completed memory tests in which the stimuli were unstudied foil words and studied words spoken by either the same speaker at study, or the alternate speaker. On "general" test trials, participants were to determine whether each word was studied, regardless of the voice of the speaker, whereas on "specific" test trials, participants were to additionally distinguish between studied words that were spoken in the same voice or a different voice at study. Thus, on specific test trials, participants were explicitly required to attend to voice information in order to evaluate each test item. Anterior (right BA 10), dorsolateral prefrontal (right BA 46), and inferior frontal (bilateral BA 47/12) regions were more active during specific than during general trials. Activation in anterior and dorsolateral PFC was enhanced during specific test trials even in response to unstudied items, suggesting that activation in these regions was related to the differential processing of retrieval cues in the two tasks. In contrast, differences between specific and general test trials in inferior frontal regions (bilateral BA 47/12) were seen only for studied items, suggesting a role for these regions in post-retrieval monitoring processes. Results from this study are consistent with the idea that different PFC subregions implement distinct, but complementary processes that collectively support accurate episodic memory judgments.  相似文献   

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20.
The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) in the USA operates a network of 172 medical centres which all utilize a hospital information system (HIS) which has been developed and is currently maintained by the VA. During the past several years, an image management and communication module has been developed, installed and clinically utilized at the Washington DC and Maryland VA Medical Centres. This image management and communication system, referred to as the decentralized hospital computer program (DHCP) imaging system, is fully integrated with a commercial picture archiving and communication system (PACS). The system is utilized to capture, archive, and display all images generated within the hospital including radiology, nuclear medicine, pathology, endoscopy, bronchoscopy, and dermatology, intraoperative photographs, ECG data, and a limited number of paper documents. The ultimate goal of the project is to have all patient text and image data available at any clinical workstation to any authorized user anywhere within the network of medical centres. Clinical requirements for an imaging workstation include ease of use, rapid and reliable access to the complete set of patient information, and images which are of acceptable quality to meet the requirements of the user and the subspecialty. Patient confidentiality and data security must be safeguarded at all times. Integration of the images with the remainder of the patient's database was found to be critical to the success of the project. The experience at the Washington and Maryland facilities suggests that an imaging system that is successfully integrated with a hospital information system can provide substantial clinical and economic benefits both within and among medical centres. Clinical acceptance and utilization of the system has been excellent, particularly in diagnostic radiology where DHCP Imaging has been interfaced to a commercial PAC system. Based upon this initial experience, the VA has begun to deploy the system throughout its large network of medical centres.  相似文献   

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