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1.
低频电刺激治疗脑卒中后吞咽障碍疗效观察   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的观察低频电刺激对脑卒中吞咽障碍的治疗效果。方法将60例脑卒中吞咽障碍患者分为治疗组和对照组各30例,治疗组采用电刺激配合吞咽训练,对照组单纯采用吞咽训练。于治疗前后采用藤岛一郎吞咽疗效进行评估。结果训练后两组疗效均有明显提高(P<0.05),治疗组评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论低频电刺激可加强吞咽训练对脑卒中患者吞咽功能的疗效。  相似文献   

2.
目的:探讨低频脉冲电刺激结合冰刺激对脑卒中患者吞咽障碍的治疗效果。方法:脑卒中后吞咽障碍患者60例,随机分为观察组和对照组各30例,2组均给予常规吞咽训练,观察组加用咽部冰刺激及低频电疗。评定临床疗效及平均治疗时间。结果:治疗4周后,观察组有效率明显高于对照组,且平均治疗时间明显短于对照组(均P<0.05)。结论:低频电刺激及咽部冰刺激联合治疗对改善脑卒中后吞咽功能障碍具有显著疗效。  相似文献   

3.
目的 观察神经肌肉电刺激(NMES)辅助治疗脑卒中后吞咽障碍的效果.方法 将66例脑卒中后吞咽障碍患者按随机数字表法分为电刺激组、对照组各33例,均常规给予药物治疗和基本的康复训练,对照组同时采用吞咽训练,电刺激组同时采用NMES配合吞咽训练.治疗前、后采用藤岛一郎吞咽疗效评价标准对2组患者进行效果评估.结果治疗后,总有效率电刺激组为93.9%,对照组为72.7%,2组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 NMES配合吞咽训练改善脑卒中患者吞咽功能障碍的疗效优于单纯吞咽训练.  相似文献   

4.
目的 观察穴位按摩配合低频电刺激治疗脑卒中后吞咽障碍的效果.方法 将100例脑卒中后吞咽障碍患者按住院号尾号分为两组,奇数为对照组,偶数为观察组;两组患者均予对症治疗,生命体征平稳后,对照组50例患者采用单纯低频电刺激治疗,观察组50例患者采用穴位按摩配合低频电刺激治疗;治疗60 d后比较两组有效率.结果 对照组总有...  相似文献   

5.
摘要 目的:探讨神经肌肉电刺激疗法与电针治疗脑卒中所致吞咽障碍的临床疗效。 方法: 45例脑卒中后吞咽障碍患者随机分为电刺激组、电针组及对照组各15例,前两组在接受常规药物治疗及康复训练基础上分别加用电刺激和电针治疗。3组治疗前和治疗3周后进行洼田饮水试验和吞咽X线电视透视检查(VFSS)。 结果:3组治疗后洼田氏饮水试验和VFSS评分均明显高于治疗前,电刺激组和电针组疗效更明显,电刺激组和电针组相比较,洼田氏饮水试验评分无明显差异,但VFSS评分电刺激组治疗后明显高于电针组。 结论:电刺激疗法和电针均可明显改善脑卒中所致吞咽障碍,电刺激疗法作用更佳。 关键词  电刺激;电针;吞咽障碍;脑卒中 中图分类号:R454.1,R245,R743.3 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1001-1242(2010)-02-0135-04  相似文献   

6.
目的 探讨应用电刺激治疗脑卒中导致的严重吞咽困难的疗效.方法 选择急性脑卒中合并吞咽障碍患者60例,随机分为对照组和电刺激组各30例.对照组按照常规治疗,电刺激组在常规治疗的基础上使用电刺激治疗;治疗时间为4周.结果 两组患者治疗前后电刺激组的吞咽能力显著改善.电刺激组有效率为93.30%;对照组有效率为80.00%,两组比较,差异有显著意义(P<0.01).结论 对急性脑卒中合并吞咽障碍患者应用电刺激,吞咽功能可得到显著恢复.  相似文献   

7.
目的:探讨神经肌肉电刺激治疗脑卒中后咽期吞咽障碍的疗效及对舌骨喉复合体动度的影响。方法:选取48例脑卒中后吞咽障碍患者,随机分为观察组和对照组各24例,对照组行常规治疗,观察组再加用神经肌肉电刺激治疗,对比2组患者治疗效果和舌骨喉复合体动度。结果:治疗后,2组患者舌骨复合体动度比较,2组治疗后甲状软骨前移和上移、舌骨前移和上移距离均大于治疗前(P0.05),且观察组更大于对照组(P0.05)。治疗后2组临床疗效比较,观察组总有效率明显高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:应用神经肌肉电刺激治疗脑卒中后咽期吞咽障碍患者,疗效确切,能有效改善患者吞咽功能。  相似文献   

8.
目的:观察电刺激结合电针、吞咽练治疗吞咽障碍的疗效。方法:将54例脑卒中后吞咽障碍患者随机分为治疗组与对照组,每组27例。2组患者均在入院后第2天开始进行治疗,治疗组采用电刺激结合电针、吞咽功能训练治疗,对照组采用电针、吞咽功能训练治疗。2组患者于治疗前、治疗后第5天、第10天进行吞咽障碍程度评分,比较2组的康复疗效。结果:治疗组疗效明显优于对照组(P〈0.05)。结论:电刺激结合电针、吞咽训练治疗能更加明显地改善脑卒中合并吞咽障碍患者的吞咽功能。  相似文献   

9.
VitalStim电刺激治疗脑卒中后吞咽障碍疗效观察   总被引:25,自引:2,他引:23  
目的观察VitalStim治疗仪对脑卒中吞咽障碍的治疗效果。方法将60例脑卒中吞咽障碍患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各30例,治疗组采用VitalStim电刺激配合吞咽训练,对照组采用常规单纯吞咽训练。治疗前后,采用藤岛一郎吞咽疗效评价标准对两组患者进行效果评估。结果治疗后,总有效率治疗组93.3%,对照组66.7%,两组间差异有显著性意义(P〈0.05)。结论VitalStim电刺激配合吞咽训练改善脑卒中患者吞咽功能障碍的疗效优于单纯吞咽训练。  相似文献   

10.
目的:观察咽部冰刺激联合低频脉冲电刺激在脑卒中后吞咽障碍患者康复治疗中的效果。方法:选择2017年4月至2018年4月在德阳市人民医院神经内科住院治疗的脑卒中后吞咽障碍的患者168例为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为3组,每组各56例。对照组给予常规吞咽训练,电刺激组在对照组的基础上施加低频脉冲电刺激,联合刺激组在电刺激组基础上给予咽部冰刺激,干预时间为2周。对比分析3组患者治疗效果,包括洼田饮水试验、标准吞咽功能评分、吞咽障碍特异性生活质量评分和肺炎的发生率。结果:3组的治疗总有效率分别为76.4%(对照组)、96.4%(电刺激组)和98.1%(联合刺激组),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);肺炎发生率分别为34.5%(对照组)、17.9%(电刺激组)和14.8%(联合刺激组),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);干预后联合刺激组吞咽功能和生活质量评分均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:咽部冰刺激联合低频脉冲电刺激能有效提高脑卒中后吞咽障碍患者的康复有效率,改善吞咽功能,并能够显著降低相关性肺炎发生率,从而提高患者的生活质量。  相似文献   

11.
Objective: To identify patterns of nonfatal and fatal penetrating trauma among children and adults in New Mexico using ED and medical examiner data.
Methods: The authors retrospectively sampled in 5-year intervals all victims of penetrating trauma who presented to either the state Level-1 trauma center or the state medical examiner from a 16-year period (1978–1993). Rates of nonfatal and fatal firearm and stabbing injury were compared for children and adults.
Results: Rates of nonfatal injury were similar (firearm, 34.3 per 100,000 person-years; stabbing, 35.1). However, rates of fatal injury were significantly different (firearm, 21.9; stabbing, 2.7; relative risk: 8.2; 95% confidence interval: 5.4, 12.5). From 1978 to 1993, nonfatal injury rates increased for children (p = 0.0043) and adults (p < 0.0001), while fatal penetrating injury remained constant. The increase in nonfatal injury in children resulted from increased firearm injury rates. In adults, both stabbing and firearm nonfatal injury rates increased.
Conclusions: Nonfatal injury data suggest that nonfatal violence has increased; fatal injury data suggest that violent death rates have remained constant. Injury patterns vary by age, mechanism of trauma, and data source. These results suggest that ED and medical examiner data differ and that both are needed to guide injury prevention programs.  相似文献   

12.
Three supplementary perspectives are presented arguing that interprofessional collaboration is both necessary and desirable. Nonetheless, there are often too many serious intra-professional barriers and obstacles to interprofessional collaboration to make it successful. Some of these barriers, it is argued and illustrated, are found in the multiple ways in which professional identity is tacitly acquired and embodied in the practitioners' habitual, everyday practice. The paper then explores ways in which reflection, especially Second order reflection, can help to elucidate and overcome these obstacles, as well as increasing professional adaptability and competence.  相似文献   

13.
This is a new method for the determination of creatine kinase isoenzyme MB activity in serum. The method uses direct activity measurement of creatine kinase B subunit activity after blocking of CK-M subunit activity by inhibiting antibodies. The test takes no longer than 15 min. The method yields an intra-serial C.V. of 2.0-12.9%, and a C.V. from day to day of 5.5%. The detection limit is 3.4 U/l creatine kinase MB. In the 95 cases with proven myocardial infarction several types of creatine kinase MB activity kinetics could be determined. The percentage of creatine kinase MB of peak CK-total is 6-25%, with a mean of 11.1%. The amount of creatine kinase MB with respect to total CK activity after reinfarction is higher than the amount after initial infarction.  相似文献   

14.
目的 探讨手转胎头术失败的原因与分娩结局.方法 选择2008年1月至2010年12月于我院住院分娩的持续性枕横位、枕后位产妇198例,根据行手转胎头术后结果分为成功组126例、失败组72例.比较两组分娩结局,对比分析失败原因.结果 失败组胎儿体质量≥3500 g的发生率[76.4%(55/72)]明显高于成功组[31.7%(40/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2=30.177,P=0.001)、失败组宫缩乏力发生率[58.3%(42/72)]高于成功组[38.1% (48/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2=7.569,P=0.006)、失败组骨盆临界或轻度狭窄发生率[38.9% (28/72)]高于成功组[23.8%(30/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2 =5.030,P=0.002)、失败组手转胎头时机不当(宫口开大<6 cm、胎头位于坐骨棘上及宫口开大8~10 cm、胎头位于坐骨棘下≥2 cm)发生率[61.1%(44/72)]高于成功组[38.9%(49/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2=9.084,P=0.003).失败组母儿并发症(产后出血、产褥病率、胎儿窘迫、新生儿窒息)发生率高于成功组(x2 =9.586,P=0.002、x2=9.334,P=0.002、x2=5.910,P=0.015、x2=5.240,P=0.022)、失败组剖宫产发生率[72.2%(52/72)]明显高于成功组[34.1 %(43/126),x2=26.641,P=0.001)].结论 手转胎头术能使难产变顺产,降低剖宫产率,减少母儿并发症,但须积极预防、处理导致手转胎头术失败的原因,对矫正失败后继续矫正及试产应慎重.  相似文献   

15.
ABSTRACT

The Cochrane Library of Systematic Reviews is published quarterly as a DVD and monthly online. The January 2011 issue (first quarterly DVD for 2011) contains 4515 complete reviews, 1985 protocols for reviews in production, and 13,521 one-page summaries of systematic reviews published in the general medical literature. In addition, there are citations of 641,000 randomized controlled trials, and 14,018 cited papers in the Cochrane methodology register. The health technology assessment database contains over 9300 citations. One hundred and seven new reviews have been published in the last 3 months, of which five have potential relevance for practitioners in pain and palliative medicine.  相似文献   

16.
The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) in the USA operates a network of 172 medical centres which all utilize a hospital information system (HIS) which has been developed and is currently maintained by the VA. During the past several years, an image management and communication module has been developed, installed and clinically utilized at the Washington DC and Maryland VA Medical Centres. This image management and communication system, referred to as the decentralized hospital computer program (DHCP) imaging system, is fully integrated with a commercial picture archiving and communication system (PACS). The system is utilized to capture, archive, and display all images generated within the hospital including radiology, nuclear medicine, pathology, endoscopy, bronchoscopy, and dermatology, intraoperative photographs, ECG data, and a limited number of paper documents. The ultimate goal of the project is to have all patient text and image data available at any clinical workstation to any authorized user anywhere within the network of medical centres. Clinical requirements for an imaging workstation include ease of use, rapid and reliable access to the complete set of patient information, and images which are of acceptable quality to meet the requirements of the user and the subspecialty. Patient confidentiality and data security must be safeguarded at all times. Integration of the images with the remainder of the patient's database was found to be critical to the success of the project. The experience at the Washington and Maryland facilities suggests that an imaging system that is successfully integrated with a hospital information system can provide substantial clinical and economic benefits both within and among medical centres. Clinical acceptance and utilization of the system has been excellent, particularly in diagnostic radiology where DHCP Imaging has been interfaced to a commercial PAC system. Based upon this initial experience, the VA has begun to deploy the system throughout its large network of medical centres.  相似文献   

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目的 探讨俯卧位通气对高海拔地区肺复张术(RM)治疗无效急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)患者的治疗作用.方法 从海拔2260m的地区医院筛选RM治疗无效的41例ARDS患者[平均氧合指数( PaO2/FiO2)较RM前升高<20%视为RM无效],依不同病因分为肺内源性ARDS组(ARDSp组)和肺外源性ARDS组(ARDSexp组),每组再按信封法随机分为俯卧位组和仰卧位组,即ARDSp俯卧位组(11例)、ARDSp仰卧位组(9例)、ARDSexp俯卧位组(10例)、ARDSexp仰卧位组(11例).在通气前及通气1、2、3、4h监测动脉血氧分压( PaO2)、PaO2/FiO2、静态顺应性(Cst)、气道阻力(Raw)的变化.结果 通气lh时,ARDSexp俯卧位组PaO2/FiO2( mm Hg,l mm Hg=0.133 kPa)即较通气前显著升高(157.4±40.6比129.3±48.7,P<0.05),并随通气时间延长呈持续增高趋势,4h达峰值(219.1 ±41.1);且ARDSexp俯卧位组通气3h内PaO2/FiO2较其他3组显著增高,另3组间则差异无统计学意义.ARDSp俯卧位组、ARDSexp俯卧位组通气4h时PaO2/FiO2均较相应仰卧位组显著增高(208.8±39.7比127.4±47.1,219.1±41.1比124.9±50.8,均P<0.05).4组通气前后Cst无显著改变,各组间差异也无统计学意义.ARDSp俯卧位组通气4h时Raw(cmH2O·L-1·s-1)较通气前显著降低(6.8±1.7比10.7±1.8,P<0.05),且明显低于其他3组;其他3组各时间点Raw组内及组间比较差异均无统计学意义.结论 俯卧位通气作为ARDS机械通气重要策略之一,可以改善RM无效高原ARDS患者的氧合,为抢救患者赢得宝贵的时间.  相似文献   

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Ranganath C  Heller AS  Wilding EL 《NeuroImage》2007,35(4):1663-1673
Although substantial evidence suggests that the prefrontal cortex (PFC) implements processes that are critical for accurate episodic memory judgments, the specific roles of different PFC subregions remain unclear. Here, we used event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging to distinguish between prefrontal activity related to operations that (1) influence processing of retrieval cues based on current task demands, or (2) are involved in monitoring the outputs of retrieval. Fourteen participants studied auditory words spoken by a male or female speaker and completed memory tests in which the stimuli were unstudied foil words and studied words spoken by either the same speaker at study, or the alternate speaker. On "general" test trials, participants were to determine whether each word was studied, regardless of the voice of the speaker, whereas on "specific" test trials, participants were to additionally distinguish between studied words that were spoken in the same voice or a different voice at study. Thus, on specific test trials, participants were explicitly required to attend to voice information in order to evaluate each test item. Anterior (right BA 10), dorsolateral prefrontal (right BA 46), and inferior frontal (bilateral BA 47/12) regions were more active during specific than during general trials. Activation in anterior and dorsolateral PFC was enhanced during specific test trials even in response to unstudied items, suggesting that activation in these regions was related to the differential processing of retrieval cues in the two tasks. In contrast, differences between specific and general test trials in inferior frontal regions (bilateral BA 47/12) were seen only for studied items, suggesting a role for these regions in post-retrieval monitoring processes. Results from this study are consistent with the idea that different PFC subregions implement distinct, but complementary processes that collectively support accurate episodic memory judgments.  相似文献   

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