IMA、hs-CRP、MYO、CK-MB、hs-cTnT 联合检测在急性冠脉综合症诊断中的价值比较

目的：探讨血清中缺血个儿蛋白（IMA）、超敏 C 反应蛋白（hs-CRP）、肌红蛋白（MYO）、肌酸激酶同工酶（CK-MB）、超敏肌钙蛋白（hs-cTnT）在急性冠状动脉综合征（ACS）患者早期诊断的价值。方法测定99例健康对照组和94例 ACS 患者（其中不稳定性心绞痛40例,非 ST 段抬高的心肌梗死即非 Q 波心肌梗死20例,ST 段抬高的心肌梗死即 Q 波心肌梗死34例）中IMA、hs-CRP、MYO、CK-MB、hs-TNT 的含量。通过 ROC 曲线比较5种标志物在 ACS 早期诊断中的诊断效率、灵敏度、特异性、阴阳性预测值。结果血清中 IAM、hs-CRP、MYO、CK-MB、hs-cTnT 检测结果在病例组 UAP,NSTEMI,STEMI 3组和正常对照组间比较,差异均有统计学意义（P ＜0．05）。其中 IMA、hs-CRP、MYO、CK-MB、hs-cTnT 在 UAP 与 NSTEMI 组,UAP 与NSTEMI 组间比较,差异均有统计学意义（P ＜0．05）,NSTEMI 与 STEMI 组间比较,差异均无统计学意义（P ＞0．05）。结论在ACS 中,多个指标的联合检测能取得早期诊断的价值。     

3项检测对非ST段抬高的急性冠状动脉综合征的诊断价值

目的探讨心肌肌钙蛋白Ⅰ、血栓前体蛋白和脑钠肽对非ST段抬高的急性冠状动脉综合征（ACS）的诊断价值。方法将60例非ST段抬高的ACS患者分为非ST段抬高心肌梗死组（NSTEMI组）和不稳定型心绞痛组（UA组）。分别测定症状发作6h内及24h的心肌肌钙蛋白I（cTnI）、血栓前体蛋白（TpP）和脑钠肽（BNP），并设30例对照组比较。采用夹心酶联免疫法测定cTnI、TpP浓度。采用放射免疫吸附法测定血浆BNP浓度。结果NSTEMI组与UA组的cTnI、BNP和TpP差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。结论cTnI、BNP和TpP在非ST段抬高ACS诊断中有重要价值。     

早发冠心病非ST段抬高心肌梗死的临床特点研究

目的探讨早发冠心病非ST段抬高心肌梗死（NSTEMI）患者的的传统危险因素和冠状动脉病变特点。方法收集临床资料和血管造影结果,对33例早发冠心病NSTEMI患者、31例早发冠心病ST段抬高心肌梗死（STEMI）患者和35例相同年龄段非冠心病（非冠组）患者的传统危险因素及冠状动脉病变特点进行统计学分析。结果传统危险因素分析显示：NSTEMI组与STEMI组比较,高血压比率较高（P〈0．05）;NSTEMI、STEMI两组与非冠组各项传统危险因素比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。冠脉造影结果显示：NSTEMI组较STEMI组左主干病变比率、闭塞性病变（〉99％狭窄）比率、冠脉造影平均积分较高（P〈0．05）。结论早发冠心病NSTEMI患者重度病变较多,需尽早控制危险因素、及时进行冠脉血运重建。     

脑钠肽和肌钙蛋白的检测与急性心肌梗死的关系探讨

目的：观察不同类型急性心肌梗死患者在不同时间的血清脑钠肽（BNP）浓度差异并探讨其意义。方法：患者进行体检和心电图检查,冠脉造影。急性心肌梗死（AMI）组：包括ST段抬高性心肌梗死（STEMI）65例,非ST段抬高性心肌梗死（NSTEMI）80例。胸痛6h内,12h,5d测定血清BNP与肌钙蛋白I（cTnI）的含量。和对照组50例（冠脉造影狭窄〈50％）比较分析。结果：STEMI组与NSTEMI组的BNP高于对照组（P〈0．05）,STEMI组BNP高于NSTEMI组（P〈0．05）,且AMI患者BNP与肌钙蛋白相关。结论：通过不同时间BNP浓度与cTnI浓度的比较,二者可用于AMI早期诊断。     

非ST段抬高急性冠状动脉综合征患者血浆心肌肌钙蛋白T的变化及意义

本研究采用Roche公司Elecsys2010电化学发光系统，检测200例非ST段抬高急性冠状动脉综合征（NSTEACS）患者血浆心肌肌钙蛋白T（cTnT）含量，并初步探讨cTnT在非ST段抬高心肌梗死（NSTEMI）中的意义、变化及其在NSTEACS危险分层中的意义。     

探讨Hcy、hs-CRP与急性冠脉综合征危险分层的相关性

目的探讨血清同型半胱氨酸（homocysteine,Hcy）、超敏c反应蛋白（high sensitivity—C reactiveprotein,hs—CRP）水平与急性冠脉综合征（acute coronary syndrome,ACS）危险分层的关系。方法选择2011年12月-2012年12月我院住院的ACS患者71例,根据ACS诊断标准分为不稳定型心绞痛（unstable angina peetoris,UAP）患者22例、非sT段抬高心肌梗死（non—ST—elevation myocardial infaretion,NSTEMI）患者17例和ST段抬高心肌梗死（ST—elevation myocardial infarction,STEMI）患者32例。根据GRACE评分标准将各组患者进行危险分层,分为低危组、中危组和高危组,对各组患者进行hs-CRP和Hcy水平检测,并对所有数据进行统计学分析。结果71例ACS患者一般资料分析结果显示,低危组、中危组和高危组患者间除年龄差异有统计学意义外（P〈0．05）,其余各指标差异均无统计学意义（P均〉0.05）。22例UAP患者和17例NSTEMI患者中,中危组和高危组的hs—CRP水平均显著高于低危组,差异均有统计学意义（P均〈0．05）,而在32例STEMI患者中,hs—CRP水平在低危组、中危组和高危组间差异均有统计学意义（P均〈0．05）;在三种类型的ACS患者中,Hcy水平在低危组、中危组和高危组中差异均无统计学意义（P均〉0．05）。结论ACS疾病的严重程度随着年龄的增长逐渐加重。hs—CRP水平可反映ACS患者的病程情况,对ACS的治疗和预后评估有一定价值;Hcy尚不能作为ACS危险分层的一个监测指标。     

急性冠脉综合征患者血清胆红素测定的临床意义

目的探讨急性冠脉综合征（ACS）病人血清胆红素变化的临床意义。方法108例ACS病人分为ST段抬高的心肌梗死组（STEMI组，40例），非ST段抬高的心肌梗死组（NSTEMI组，30例），不稳定型心绞痛组（UAP组，38例），对照组45例为健康查体人员。108例病人中66例行冠状动脉造影后分为单支病变组（26例），双支病变组22例，三支病变组（18例），选择同期冠状动脉造影正常的30例非冠心病病人作为对照组。以上各组均测定血清总胆红素、直接胆红素等临床指标。结果对照组总胆红素、直接胆红素均高于其他各组（P〈0．05）；其中UAP组高于STEMI组（P〈0．05）。造影正常组血清胆红素也高于其他三组（P〈0．05），单支病变组高于多支病变组（P〈0．05）。结论ACS病人血清胆红素低于正常人，低血清胆红素水平可能与ACS患者病情严重程度有关。     

常见心脑血管急症的诊治：急性冠脉综合征

急性冠脉综合征（ACS）是20世纪80年代以来提出的冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病的诊断新概念,以冠状动脉粥样硬化斑块不稳定为基本病理、生理特点,以急性心肌缺血为共同特征的一组综合征。包括不稳定心绞痛（UAP）、非ST段抬高心肌梗死（NSTEMI）和ST段抬高心肌梗死（STEMI）。由于NSTEMI和UAP有时在临床上难以鉴别,而治疗上并不需要严格区别,故合并为一个概念被提出。     

79例急性冠状动脉综合征患者心肌酶及肌钙蛋白T的测定分析

目的：探讨肌钙蛋白T（TnT）与肌酸激酶同工酶（CK—MB）对急性冠状动脉综合征（ACS）患者的诊断价值。方法：对79例ACS患者的血液CK—MB、TnT进行了比较测定。结果：在ST段抬高组的CK—MB和TnT的阳性率明显高于非ST段抬高组（P〈0．05）。非ST段抬高组中，TnT阳性检出率为35．7％，显著高于同组CK—MB11．9％的阳性率（P〈0．05）。结论：TnT灵敏度高，在AMI时增加倍数、持续时间及开始增高时间均优于CK—MB。可诊断微小心肌梗死。     

急性冠脉综合征

急性冠脉综合征(ACS)是20世纪80年代以来提出的冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病的诊断新概念,以冠状动脉粥样硬化斑块不稳定为基本病理、生理特点,以急性心肌缺血为共同特征的一组综合征.包括不稳定心绞痛(UAP)、非ST段抬高心肌梗死(NSTEMI)和ST段抬高心肌梗死(STEMI).由于NSTEMI和UAP有时在临床上难以鉴别,而治疗上并不需要严格区别,故合并为一个概念被提出.UAP/NSTEMI是一组可危及生命的重要综合征,是急诊医疗和住院的主要原因之一.早期识别高危患者并进行积极干预,可以减轻UAP/NSTEMI患者的心脏损害与死亡的危险.     

急性冠脉综合征患者D-二聚体检测的临床意义

目的：探讨血浆D-二聚体水平在急性冠脉综合征（ACS）患者中的变化与临床意义。方法检测121例急性冠脉综合征（ACS）患者血浆D-二聚体水平,其中不稳定心绞痛（UAP）患者43例,非ST段抬高型心肌梗死（NSTEMI）患者30例,ST段抬高型心肌梗死（STEMI）患者48例,与50例对照组比较,并进行统计分析。结果 ACS各组血浆D-二聚体水平均高于对照组（P＜0.05）;STEMI组血浆D-二聚体水平高于NSTEMI组（P＜0.05）和UAP组（P＜0.05）。结论 ACS患者血浆D-二聚体水平增高对ACS的防治和病情的观察有重要的临床意义。     

急性冠脉综合征患者血清PTX-3水平变化及临床意义

目的探讨血浆五聚素3(Pentraxin-3,PTX-3)在评估急性冠状动脉综合征(acute coronary syndrome,ACS)病情严重程度中的作用。方法选择ACS患者90例,根据美国心脏病学学院/美国心脏学会(ACC/AHA)指南分为不稳定型心绞痛组(UAP组)26例,ST段抬高型心肌梗死组31例(STEMI组),非ST段抬高型心肌梗死组(NSTEMI组)33例,另选同期健康体检者30例作为对照组。采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测血清PTX-3及全自动生化分析仪检测血清超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)并进行组间比较。结果血清PTX-3和hs-CRP水平UAP组、STEMI组和NSTEMI组显著高于对照组(P0.05),STEMI组和NSTEMI组显著高于UAP组,差异均有统计学意义(P均0.05),但STEMI组和NSTEMI组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。相关分析显示血清PTX-3与总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、hs-CRP呈明显正相关(r=0.484,r=0.572,r=0.587,r=0.866;P均0.01),与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)呈明显负相关(r=-0.497,P0.01)。结论血清PTX-3参与了ACS的发生、发展,可用于ACS患者的病情评估。     

急性冠状动脉综合征血清NT-proBNP、hs-cTnT、hs-CRP和CK-MB检测及其临床意义

目的探讨急性冠状动脉综合征患者血清生物标志物水平及其临床意义。方法选择急性冠脉综合征(ACS)患者157例,其中ST段抬高型急性心肌梗死(STEMI)82例及非ST段抬高型急性心肌梗死(NSTEMI)45例;不稳定心绞痛(UAP)30例、同期冠状动脉造影(CAG)阴性患者35例作为对照组。所有对象均检测NT-proBNP、hs-cTnT、hs-CRP及CK-MB并进行分析。结果 ACS综合征组血清NT-proBNP、hs-cTnT、hs-CRP及CK-MB水平均较对照组高,差异有统计学意义(Z分别=5.49、2.65、3.45、3.85,P均<0.05)。NT-proBNP与hs-cTnT和CK-MB呈正相关性(r分别=0.65、0.22,P均<0.05);NT-proBNP诊断ACS的ROC曲线下面积为0.857。结论 ACS患者血清生物标志物升高,联合检测对早期防控ACS具有积极的临床意义。     

Analysis of risk factors for different subtypes of acute coronary syndrome

AimsTo investigate the different risk factors among different subtypes of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).MethodsA total of 296 patients who had ACS were retrospectively enrolled. Blood and echocardiographic indices were assessed within 24 hours after admission. Differences in risk factors and Gensini scores of coronary lesions among three groups were analyzed.ResultsUnivariate analysis of risk factors for ACS subtypes showed that age, and levels of fasting plasma glucose, amino-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, and creatine kinase isoenzyme were significantly higher in patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) than in those with unstable angina pectoris (UAP). Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that amino-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide and the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were related to ACS subtypes. The left ventricular end-diastolic diameter was an independent risk factor for UAP and ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) subtypes. The severity of coronary stenosis was significantly higher in NSTEMI and STEMI than in UAP. Gensini scores in the STEMI group were positively correlated with D-dimer levels (r = 0.429) and negatively correlated with the LVEF (r = −0.602).ConclusionDifferent subtypes of ACS have different risk factors. Our findings may have important guiding significance for ACS subtype risk assessment and clinical treatment.     

BNP水平与急性冠脉综合征远期预后相关性分析

【目的】探讨脑利尿钠肽（BNP）水平与急性冠脉综合征（ACS）发生主要心血管不良事件的相关性。【方法】收集2007年1月至2008年12月本院收治的不稳定型心绞痛（UA）、急性非ST段抬高心肌梗死（NSTEMI）及急性ST段抬高心肌梗死（STEMI）239例患者的临床资料,于2009年1月至12月根据调查问卷电话随访发生MACE情况,分析BNP与ACS及MACE的相关性。【结果]BNP水平为AMI组（NSTEMl及STEMI组）高于UA组（P〈o．01）;MACE累积发生率分别为uA组31例（26．50％）,NSTEMI组57例（34．75％）,STEMI组93例（38．91％）,差异无显著性（P〉O．05）;NSTEMI组BNP水平大于114．5pg／mL,STEMI组BNP水平大于155．5pg／mL,MACE发生风险增加,灵敏度分别为75％、67．4％,特异度分别为90．9％、71．7％。[结论]AMI患者BNP水平高于uA患者;BNP大于114．5pg／mL及155．5pg／mL有助于预测NSTEMI及STEMI发生MACE风险．     

Acute Coronary Syndromes: Diagnosis and Management, Part I

The term acute coronary syndrome (ACS) refers to any group of clinical symptoms compatible with acute myocardial ischemia and includes unstable angina (UA), non—ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), and ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). These high-risk manifestations of coronary atherosclerosis are important causes of the use of emergency medical care and hospitalization in the United States. A quick but thorough assessment of the patient''s history and findings on physical examination, electrocardiography, radiologic studies, and cardiac biomarker tests permit accurate diagnosis and aid in early risk stratification, which is essential for guiding treatment. High-risk patients with UA/NSTEMI are often treated with an early invasive strategy involving cardiac catheterization and prompt revascularization of viable myocardium at risk. Clinical outcomes can be optimized by revascularization coupled with aggressive medical therapy that includes anti-ischemic, antiplatelet, anticoagulant, and lipid-lowering drugs. Evidence-based guidelines provide recommendations for the management of ACS; however, therapeutic approaches to the management of ACS continue to evolve at a rapid pace driven by a multitude of large-scale randomized controlled trials. Thus, clinicians are frequently faced with the problem of determining which drug or therapeutic strategy will achieve the best results. This article summarizes the evidence and provides the clinician with the latest information about the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and risk stratification of ACS and the management of UA/NSTEMI.ACC = American College of Cardiology; ACE = angiotensin-converting enzyme; ACS = acute coronary syndrome; ADP = adenosine diphosphate; AHA = American Heart Association; BNP = B-type natriuretic peptide; CABG = coronary artery bypass grafting; CAD = coronary artery disease; CHF = congestive heart failure; CI = confidence interval; CK-MB = muscle and brain fraction of creatine kinase; CRP = C-reactive protein; CURE = Clopidogrel in Unstable Angina to Prevent Recurrent Events; ECG = electrocardiography; ED = emergency department; GP = glycoprotein; HR = hazard ratio; IV = intravenous; LDL = low-density lipoprotein; LMWH = low—molecular-weight heparin; LV = left ventricular; MI = myocardial infarction; NSTEMI = non—ST-segment elevation MI; PCI = percutaneous coronary intervention; STEMI = ST-segment elevation MI; TIMI = Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction; UA = unstable angina; UFH = unfractionated heparinThe term acute coronary syndrome (ACS) refers to any group of clinical symptoms compatible with acute myocardial ischemia and covers the spectrum of clinical conditions ranging from unstable angina (UA) to non—ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) to ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Unstable angina and NSTEMI are closely related conditions: their pathophysiologic origins and clinical presentations are similar, but they differ in severity. A diagnosis of NSTEMI can be made when the ischemia is sufficiently severe to cause myocardial damage that results in the release of a biomarker of myocardial necrosis into the circulation (cardiac-specific troponins T or I, or muscle and brain fraction of creatine kinase [CK-MB]). In contrast, the patient is considered to have experienced UA if no such biomarker can be detected in the bloodstream hours after the initial onset of ischemic chest pain. Unstable angina exhibits 1 or more of 3 principal presentations: (1) rest angina (usually lasting >20 minutes), (2) new-onset (<2 months previously) severe angina, and (3) a crescendo pattern of occurrence (increasing in intensity, duration, frequency, or any combination of these factors). Each year in the United States, approximately 1.36 million hospitalizations are required for ACS (listed either as a primary or a secondary discharge diagnosis), of which 0.81 million are for myocardial infarction (MI) and the remainder are for UA. Roughly two-thirds of patients with MI have NSTEMI; the rest have STEMI.¹     

急性冠脉综合征患者炎性因子的表达与室性心律失常的关系

[目的]探讨急性冠脉综合征(ACS)患者的炎性因子的表达与室性心律失常的关系.[方法]本院115名确诊为ACS的患者其中,ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)54例,非ST段抬高型心肌梗死(NSTEMI)22例,不稳定型心绞痛(UA)39例.分别在入院时、7 d、14 d抽静脉血测定CD40配体(CD40L)、肿瘤坏死因...