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1.
目的调查精神病专科医院护士共情疲劳、职业认同、社会支持得分情况并分析共情疲劳的影响因素。方法采用一般资料问卷、共情疲劳量表、职业认同评定量表及社会支持评定量表对2个省市5所精神病专科医院的480名护士进行调查。结果精神病专科医院护士共情疲劳各维度得分分别为:共情满意(32.26±5.34)分、职业倦怠(27.67±4.34)分、继发性创伤应激(23.72±4.41)分。年龄、职务、个人月收入、健康状况、工作满意度、职业认同对共情满意得分有影响(P0.001);个人月收入、健康状况、工作满意程度、职业认同对职业倦怠得分有影响(P0.001);个人月收入、性格、社会支持对继发性创伤应激得分有影响(P0.001)。结论精神病专科医院护士处于重度共情疲劳。个人月收入低、健康状况欠佳、工作满意程度低、社会支持弱和职业认同度低的护士更容易发生共情疲劳,护理管理者应特别关注此类护士,并制订相应的预防措施。  相似文献   

2.
目的:调查肿瘤科护士共情疲劳现状并分析其影响因素。方法:采用一般资料问卷、共情疲劳量表及护士职业认知状况调查问卷对3个省17所综合医院的402名肿瘤科护士进行调查。结果:肿瘤科护士共情疲劳各维度的得分分别为:共情满意(33.47±4.90)分、职业倦怠(25.97±4.51)分、继发性创伤应激(28.54±3.44)分,处于中度共情疲劳;职业认知、健康状况、性别对共情满意有影响(R2=0.220,F=38.723,P0.001);职业认知、健康状况、性别、社会支持对职业倦怠有影响(R2=0.203,F=26.525,P0.001);职业认知、健康状况、社会支持对继发性创伤应激有影响(R2=0.325,F=65.414,P0.001)。结论:护士自身应加强自我管理,管理者须重视并针对不同特征的肿瘤科护士开展有关职业认知和共情的教育及培训,改善工作环境,进而降低共情疲劳,从根本上提高肿瘤科护理质量。  相似文献   

3.
目的调查手术室护士述情障碍及共情疲劳的现状并探讨述情障碍对共情疲劳的影响。方法采用一般资料问卷、多伦多述情障碍量表、共情疲劳评估量表对某三级甲等医院手术室的102名护士进行问卷调查。结果 102名手术室护士中,述情障碍得分为(53. 65±7. 98)分;继发性创伤应激得分为(24. 7±5. 78)分,倦怠得分(26. 62±4. 96)分,共情满意得分(32. 35±5. 47)分。轻度共情疲劳发生率为15. 2%,中度共情疲劳发生率为76. 5%,重度共情疲劳发生率为8. 3%。工作年限在6~10年间、性格内向、已婚等内部因素可以加重手术室护士的共情疲劳状态;工作压力大、对待遇不满意、作息时间不规律等外界因素能直接影响手术室护士的共情疲劳状况;述情障碍越严重,护士创伤后应激、倦怠水平越高,共情满意度越低。结论手术室护士共情疲劳处于中重度水平,述情障碍水平处于临界状态。因此管理者及医院需关注护士述情障碍并针对手术室护士实施有针对性、有意义的干预措施,以提高手术室护士的满意度与积极性,从而提升护理工作质量。  相似文献   

4.
目的对临床护士的共情疲劳情况进行调查,并分析其影响因素,为预防护士倦怠、促进护士留职提供参考。方法采用一般资料调查表、救助人员生活质量量表、成人心理弹性及共情量表,对10所三级甲等医院的992名临床护士进行问卷调查,并分析临床护士共情疲劳的影响因素。结果临床护士中、高危水平的二次创伤、倦怠的发生率分别为71.1%、73.2%;心理弹性、工作负荷、共情等是二次创伤的影响因素;心理弹性、工作负荷、工作氛围等是共情满意的影响因素;共情、工作待遇满意度、近1个月内受到认可等是倦怠的影响因素;差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论临床护士二次创伤、倦怠和共情满意的水平受共情、心理弹性水平及其他工作环境的影响,除工作负荷和工作待遇外,护理管理者还应意识到"受到认可"是影响护士倦怠的重要因素。  相似文献   

5.
张慧  许翠萍  程彦伶  徐泽俊  高青 《护理研究》2014,(26):3242-3243
[目的]探讨重症监护病房(ICU)护士同情心疲乏现状及影响因素。[方法]采用专业生活品质量表对济南地区6所三级甲等综合医院193名ICU护士进行调查。[结果]ICU护士同情心疲乏条目得分中继发性创伤应激得分最高,职业倦怠得分最低。多元回归分析显示,工作满意度和再次选择护理是影响同情心疲乏的主要因素,共解释46.3%的变异量。[结论]管理者可通过提高护士工作满意度,以降低护士同情心疲乏的发生率。  相似文献   

6.
目的探讨手术室护士工作敬业度现状及其与共情疲劳、领悟社会支持的相关性。方法选取该院手术室护士50例作为研究对象,对其工作敬业度、共情疲劳及领悟社会支持情况进行调查,采用Pearson相关分析工作敬业度与共情疲劳、领悟社会支持的相关性。结果手术室护士的工作敬业度总分为(3.55±0.54)分,其中专注得分为(3.26±0.49)分,活力得分为(3.35±0.53)分,奉献得分为(4.02±0.60)分。手术室护士的共情疲劳总分为(29.20±5.05)分,其中职业倦怠得分为(28.36±5.01)分,共情满意得分为(31.98±6.23)分,继发性创伤应激得分为(26.56±5.32)分;其中轻度共情疲劳13例(26.00%),中度共情疲劳14例(28.00%),重度共情疲劳23例(46.00%)。手术室护士的领悟社会支持总分为(5.20±0.56)分,其中家庭支持得分为(5.32±0.76)分,朋友支持得分为(5.23±0.77)分,其他支持得分为(4.98±0.67)分;其中低支持状态14例(28.00%),中支持状态24例(48.00%),高支持状态12例(24.00%)。相关性分析结果显示,工作敬业度各项目得分与领悟社会支持各项目得分及共情满意得分呈正相关(P<0.05),与职业倦怠、继发性创伤应激得分及共情疲劳总分呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论手术室护士工作敬业度有待提高,可以从提高其社会支持及减轻共情疲劳程度入手,从而提升护理服务质量。  相似文献   

7.
目的探究某市二甲及三甲医院肿瘤科护理人员共情疲劳现状及其影响因素。方法选择某市二甲及三甲医院肿瘤科2016年8月—2019年8月工作的护理人员70名,借助基础信息调查问卷获取护理人员一般资料,基于共情疲劳自我评估量表评估护理人员共情疲劳现状,并通过单因素分析、多元线性逐步回归分析明确共情疲劳影响因素。结果经调查得到肿瘤科护理人员共情疲劳总分为87.51±4.25分,处于中等水平,各维度得分为:职业疲倦24.83±4.36分、继发性创伤应激29.03±3.52分、共情满意度33.65±4.83分;经单因素、多元线性逐步回归分析得到,肿瘤科护理人员共情疲劳的影响因素有学历状况、婚姻状况、职业认知、健康状况、社会支持(P<0.05)。结论肿瘤科护士共情疲劳处于中等水平,临床共情疲劳干预对象应着眼于学历水平低、健康状况差、社会支持不足、职业认知不足的已婚护理人员。  相似文献   

8.
[目的]调查养老护理员的道德推脱现状及影响因素。[方法]采用一般资料调查表、道德推脱量表、共情疲劳量表、社会支持量表对长沙市6区2县7所养老机构318名养老护理员进行调查。[结果]养老护理员道德推脱、共情满意、职业倦怠、继发性创伤应激、社会支持得分分别为(87.20±8.85)分、(29.45±3.99)分、(23.84±5.40)分、(26.03±3.83)分、(39.09±10.84)分,年龄、受教育程度对道德推脱有影响(P0.05或P0.01),共情满意、社会支持负向预测道德推脱,职业倦怠、继发性创伤应激正向预测道德推脱。[结论]养老护理员道德推脱处于中等水平,且受年龄、受教育程度因素影响;养老院应制定相应的干预措施,关注社会支持低、共情疲劳重的养老护理员,促进养老机构安全建设,减少社会不良事件的发生。  相似文献   

9.
[目的]研究ICU护士心理弹性、共情疲劳与工作投入的相关性及共情疲劳是否在心理弹性与工作投入之间存在中介效应。[方法]采用一般资料调查表、护士专业生活品质量表、心理弹性量表及工作投入量表,对青岛市5所三级甲等医院重症监护室320名护士进行调查。[结果]慈心满意与心理弹性、工作投入呈正相关;工作倦怠、继发性创伤应激与心理弹性、工作投入呈负相关。共情疲劳在心理弹性与工作投入之间存在部分中介效应,中介效应占总效应的45.07%。[结论]护理管理者应重视护士心理健康状况,可通过增强护士心理弹性,降低共情疲劳现象,提高工作投入,改善护理质量。  相似文献   

10.
目的 调查中国东部、中部、西部地区不同级别医院助产士共情疲劳现状并分析其影响因素。 方法 采用随机抽样法抽取中国东部、中部、西部地区中的12个省份,便利抽取52所不同级别医院,并采用目的抽样法根据纳入排除标准抽取助产士作为研究对象,采用一般资料问卷、共情疲劳量表及社会支持评定量表进行横断面调查,通过多水平统计模型分析助产士共情疲劳的影响因素。 结果 共回收489份问卷,有效问卷477份,有效回收率为97.8%。调查对象共情疲劳各维度得分为共情满意(31.64±6.47)分、职业倦怠(27.87±5.01)分、继发性创伤应激(26.21±5.70)分,其中82.6%的助产士为中度及以上共情疲劳,社会支持水平总得分(37.93±6.44)分,多水平Logistic回归分析结果显示,医院级别、子女情况、地区、是否喜欢工作氛围、经历分娩创伤事件次数、睡眠质量、社会支持程度对助产士共情疲劳程度有影响(P<0.05)。 结论 助产士的共情疲劳程度较重,社会支持水平低、睡眠质量差、工作氛围不和谐、离异或有婴幼儿的助产士共情疲劳程度较严重,西部地区及二级、三级医院助产士共情疲劳程度较重,护理管理者应根据其影响因素,采取有效措施,降低助产士共情疲劳发生率和程度。  相似文献   

11.
Objective: To identify patterns of nonfatal and fatal penetrating trauma among children and adults in New Mexico using ED and medical examiner data.
Methods: The authors retrospectively sampled in 5-year intervals all victims of penetrating trauma who presented to either the state Level-1 trauma center or the state medical examiner from a 16-year period (1978–1993). Rates of nonfatal and fatal firearm and stabbing injury were compared for children and adults.
Results: Rates of nonfatal injury were similar (firearm, 34.3 per 100,000 person-years; stabbing, 35.1). However, rates of fatal injury were significantly different (firearm, 21.9; stabbing, 2.7; relative risk: 8.2; 95% confidence interval: 5.4, 12.5). From 1978 to 1993, nonfatal injury rates increased for children (p = 0.0043) and adults (p < 0.0001), while fatal penetrating injury remained constant. The increase in nonfatal injury in children resulted from increased firearm injury rates. In adults, both stabbing and firearm nonfatal injury rates increased.
Conclusions: Nonfatal injury data suggest that nonfatal violence has increased; fatal injury data suggest that violent death rates have remained constant. Injury patterns vary by age, mechanism of trauma, and data source. These results suggest that ED and medical examiner data differ and that both are needed to guide injury prevention programs.  相似文献   

12.
Three supplementary perspectives are presented arguing that interprofessional collaboration is both necessary and desirable. Nonetheless, there are often too many serious intra-professional barriers and obstacles to interprofessional collaboration to make it successful. Some of these barriers, it is argued and illustrated, are found in the multiple ways in which professional identity is tacitly acquired and embodied in the practitioners' habitual, everyday practice. The paper then explores ways in which reflection, especially Second order reflection, can help to elucidate and overcome these obstacles, as well as increasing professional adaptability and competence.  相似文献   

13.
This is a new method for the determination of creatine kinase isoenzyme MB activity in serum. The method uses direct activity measurement of creatine kinase B subunit activity after blocking of CK-M subunit activity by inhibiting antibodies. The test takes no longer than 15 min. The method yields an intra-serial C.V. of 2.0-12.9%, and a C.V. from day to day of 5.5%. The detection limit is 3.4 U/l creatine kinase MB. In the 95 cases with proven myocardial infarction several types of creatine kinase MB activity kinetics could be determined. The percentage of creatine kinase MB of peak CK-total is 6-25%, with a mean of 11.1%. The amount of creatine kinase MB with respect to total CK activity after reinfarction is higher than the amount after initial infarction.  相似文献   

14.
目的 探讨手转胎头术失败的原因与分娩结局.方法 选择2008年1月至2010年12月于我院住院分娩的持续性枕横位、枕后位产妇198例,根据行手转胎头术后结果分为成功组126例、失败组72例.比较两组分娩结局,对比分析失败原因.结果 失败组胎儿体质量≥3500 g的发生率[76.4%(55/72)]明显高于成功组[31.7%(40/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2=30.177,P=0.001)、失败组宫缩乏力发生率[58.3%(42/72)]高于成功组[38.1% (48/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2=7.569,P=0.006)、失败组骨盆临界或轻度狭窄发生率[38.9% (28/72)]高于成功组[23.8%(30/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2 =5.030,P=0.002)、失败组手转胎头时机不当(宫口开大<6 cm、胎头位于坐骨棘上及宫口开大8~10 cm、胎头位于坐骨棘下≥2 cm)发生率[61.1%(44/72)]高于成功组[38.9%(49/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2=9.084,P=0.003).失败组母儿并发症(产后出血、产褥病率、胎儿窘迫、新生儿窒息)发生率高于成功组(x2 =9.586,P=0.002、x2=9.334,P=0.002、x2=5.910,P=0.015、x2=5.240,P=0.022)、失败组剖宫产发生率[72.2%(52/72)]明显高于成功组[34.1 %(43/126),x2=26.641,P=0.001)].结论 手转胎头术能使难产变顺产,降低剖宫产率,减少母儿并发症,但须积极预防、处理导致手转胎头术失败的原因,对矫正失败后继续矫正及试产应慎重.  相似文献   

15.
ABSTRACT

The Cochrane Library of Systematic Reviews is published quarterly as a DVD and monthly online. The January 2011 issue (first quarterly DVD for 2011) contains 4515 complete reviews, 1985 protocols for reviews in production, and 13,521 one-page summaries of systematic reviews published in the general medical literature. In addition, there are citations of 641,000 randomized controlled trials, and 14,018 cited papers in the Cochrane methodology register. The health technology assessment database contains over 9300 citations. One hundred and seven new reviews have been published in the last 3 months, of which five have potential relevance for practitioners in pain and palliative medicine.  相似文献   

16.
The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) in the USA operates a network of 172 medical centres which all utilize a hospital information system (HIS) which has been developed and is currently maintained by the VA. During the past several years, an image management and communication module has been developed, installed and clinically utilized at the Washington DC and Maryland VA Medical Centres. This image management and communication system, referred to as the decentralized hospital computer program (DHCP) imaging system, is fully integrated with a commercial picture archiving and communication system (PACS). The system is utilized to capture, archive, and display all images generated within the hospital including radiology, nuclear medicine, pathology, endoscopy, bronchoscopy, and dermatology, intraoperative photographs, ECG data, and a limited number of paper documents. The ultimate goal of the project is to have all patient text and image data available at any clinical workstation to any authorized user anywhere within the network of medical centres. Clinical requirements for an imaging workstation include ease of use, rapid and reliable access to the complete set of patient information, and images which are of acceptable quality to meet the requirements of the user and the subspecialty. Patient confidentiality and data security must be safeguarded at all times. Integration of the images with the remainder of the patient's database was found to be critical to the success of the project. The experience at the Washington and Maryland facilities suggests that an imaging system that is successfully integrated with a hospital information system can provide substantial clinical and economic benefits both within and among medical centres. Clinical acceptance and utilization of the system has been excellent, particularly in diagnostic radiology where DHCP Imaging has been interfaced to a commercial PAC system. Based upon this initial experience, the VA has begun to deploy the system throughout its large network of medical centres.  相似文献   

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目的 探讨俯卧位通气对高海拔地区肺复张术(RM)治疗无效急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)患者的治疗作用.方法 从海拔2260m的地区医院筛选RM治疗无效的41例ARDS患者[平均氧合指数( PaO2/FiO2)较RM前升高<20%视为RM无效],依不同病因分为肺内源性ARDS组(ARDSp组)和肺外源性ARDS组(ARDSexp组),每组再按信封法随机分为俯卧位组和仰卧位组,即ARDSp俯卧位组(11例)、ARDSp仰卧位组(9例)、ARDSexp俯卧位组(10例)、ARDSexp仰卧位组(11例).在通气前及通气1、2、3、4h监测动脉血氧分压( PaO2)、PaO2/FiO2、静态顺应性(Cst)、气道阻力(Raw)的变化.结果 通气lh时,ARDSexp俯卧位组PaO2/FiO2( mm Hg,l mm Hg=0.133 kPa)即较通气前显著升高(157.4±40.6比129.3±48.7,P<0.05),并随通气时间延长呈持续增高趋势,4h达峰值(219.1 ±41.1);且ARDSexp俯卧位组通气3h内PaO2/FiO2较其他3组显著增高,另3组间则差异无统计学意义.ARDSp俯卧位组、ARDSexp俯卧位组通气4h时PaO2/FiO2均较相应仰卧位组显著增高(208.8±39.7比127.4±47.1,219.1±41.1比124.9±50.8,均P<0.05).4组通气前后Cst无显著改变,各组间差异也无统计学意义.ARDSp俯卧位组通气4h时Raw(cmH2O·L-1·s-1)较通气前显著降低(6.8±1.7比10.7±1.8,P<0.05),且明显低于其他3组;其他3组各时间点Raw组内及组间比较差异均无统计学意义.结论 俯卧位通气作为ARDS机械通气重要策略之一,可以改善RM无效高原ARDS患者的氧合,为抢救患者赢得宝贵的时间.  相似文献   

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Myocardial elastography is a novel method for noninvasively assessing regional myocardial function, with the advantages of high spatial and temporal resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). In this paper, in-vivo experiments were performed in anesthetized normal and infarcted mice (one day after left anterior descending coronary artery [LAD] ligation) using a high-resolution (30 MHz) ultrasound system (Vevo 770, VisualSonics Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada). Radiofrequency (RF) signals of the left ventricle (LV) in longitudinal (long-axis) view and the associated electrocardiogram (ECG) were simultaneously acquired. Using a retrospective ECG gating technique, 2-D full field-of-view RF frames were acquired at an extremely high frame rate (8 kHz) that resulted in high-quality incremental displacement and strain estimation of the myocardium. The incremental results were further accumulated to obtain the cumulative displacements and strains. Two-dimensional and M-mode displacement images and strain images (elastograms), as well as displacement and strain profiles as a function of time, were compared between normal and infarcted mice. Incremental results clearly depicted cardiac events including LV contraction, LV relaxation and isovolumetric phases in both normal and infarcted mice, and also evidently indicated reduced motion and deformation in the infarcted myocardium. The elastograms indicated that the infarcted regions underwent thinning during systole rather than thickening, as in the normal case. The cumulative elastograms were found to have higher elastographic SNR (SNR(e)) than the incremental elastograms (e.g., 10.6 vs. 4.7 in a normal myocardium, and 6.0 vs. 2.4 in an infarcted myocardium). Finally, preliminary statistical results from nine normal (m = 9) and seven infarcted (n = 7) mice indicated the capability of the cumulative strain in differentiating infracted from normal myocardia. In conclusion, myocardial elastography could provide regional strain information at simultaneously high temporal (>/=0.125 ms) and spatial ( approximately 55 microm) resolution as well as high precision ( approximately 0.05 microm displacement). This technique was thus capable of accurately characterizing normal myocardial function throughout an entire cardiac cycle, at the same high resolution, and detecting and localizing myocardial infarction in vivo.  相似文献   

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