数字人体标准化体系研究

本文首先概述了建立数字人体标准化体系的需求和当前国际医药信息领域的标准概况;然后,论述了数字人体标准化构建基本策略;最后,讨论了数字人体标准化构建方法路线、数字人体标准化论域确定和数字人体标准化概念建模,为研究数字人体标准化体系提出了理论依据.     

数字人体通用标准与专业标准体系框架研究

本文在数字人体标准化体系研究基础上,开展了数字人体通用标准和专业标准体系的研究.讨论了数字人体标准体系和指导标准及数字人体跨行业通用标准,研究了数字人体专业标准体系框架,主要内容有数字人体标准体系模型结构分析与设定、数字人体专业标准选择和体系表的建立以及数字人体专用标准制定,为研究数字人体标准体系框架提出了理论依据.     

数字人体空间信息基础设施

本文以数字人体空间信息基础设施建设为目标,讨论了数字人体国家信息基础设施、Internet与Web、下一代Internet、通信网的新发展、中国的国家信息基础设施与提出、数字人体空间数据基础设施及其标准的进展、数字人体的空间信息框架、体系结构和数字人体国家空间信息基础设施规划等.     

数字人体--人体系统数字学总论

本文主要阐述"数字人体--人体系统数字学"提出已来所取得的研究成果和现状.主要内容包括数字人体提出的背景和研究现状;数字人体的概念和研究方法;数字人体原型与模型;数字人体基础理论;数字人体的学科分支;数字人体的核心技术;数字人体空间信息基础设施与数字人体的技术方法;数字人体的标准化建设和数字人体研究示范等.     

数字人体数据质量标准

本文研究了数字人体数据质量含义、数字人体数据质量标准、数字人体数据质量内容、数字人体数据集质量分析和数字人体数据误差传递,包括数据质量概念、影响数字人体数据质量的因素、数据质量的数字化误差和数据质量模型等,并进行数字人体数据质量评价,为研究数字人体标准体系提出理论依据.     

数字人体信息获取的多光谱分辨率研究

本文围绕数字人体信息获取的多光谱探测技术的分辨率研究,主要内容有数字人体信息获取的多光谱探测技术的空间分辨率、光谱分辨率、辐射分辨率和时间分辨率.不同分辨率对人体信息获取有不同结果,但对数字人体信息获取的研究具有重要的理论和实际意义.     

数字人体信息分类编码

本文讨论数字人体数据概况,包括数字人体的数据源、数字人体的数据类型和数字人体的数据特征,然后探讨数字人体信息分类编码原理,最后给出数字人体信息分类编码设计.     

数字人体信息获取的微波遥感技术研究

围绕人体信息获取技术中的电磁波辐射源、数字人体信息获取的微波技术概述微波在人体介质中辐射传输的基本理论、微波与人体的相互作用和数字人体信息获取的微波波段选择研究等方面,其中数字人体信息获取的微波波段选择研究中还介绍被动式和主动式微波遥感器.为数字人体信息获取的微波遥感技术研究提供理论依据.     

数字人体信息模型

笔者首先介绍了数字人体系统的物质流和能量流、人体系统的信息模型;然后阐述了人体空间认知模型与信息图谱和人体空间场信息特征;最后给出了数字人体系统的全息信息与记忆信息模型.     

数字人体信息获取的成像光谱仪研究

本文首先概述了成像光谱仪的研究现状,然后详细介绍了数字人体信息获取的扫描成像光谱仪,数字人体信息获取的固体成像光谱仪和AIS成像光谱仪;为数字人体信息获取的成像光谱仪研究提供了理论依据.     

基于医疗信息整合的超声科工作运行平台的构建与应用

目的实现超声影像信息系统(UIS)、医院信息系统(HIS)、PACS之间的信息传递与交互,构建客户端—中间服务层—服务端的3层架构的超声医学科工作运行平台。方法参照医疗信息整合(IHE)工作流模式设计工作流程,采用XML技术实现信息交互和共享,遵循DICOM 3.0标准完成影像信息的采集、传输、存储,遵循HL7标准完成模型之间的通讯。结果该平台可实现检查预约、排队叫号、结构化报告书写及发布等功能,并与Full PACS、EMR进行信息交互,缩短检查预约、排队等候和发送报告的时间,进一步优化和规范了超声科工作流程。结论该平台具有较高的推广应用价值。     

数字人体与人工智能--生命科学与信息科学的融合

"数字人体--人体系统数字学"是在信息科学、系统科学、生物科学、生命科学、中西医学、计算机与自动化科学技术等多学科交叉、综合集成的基础上产生的新学科.将人工智能与数字人体相结合,是目前人工智能研究的新方向.该文介绍了数字人体的概念和研究方法,分析了人工智能的发展状况,指出两者之间的内在的联系,并给出了结合实例.     

The need for mandatory clinical recording standards

Current health information initiatives and targets set by the UK government have brought about a flurry of activity in the National Health Service to try to reach those targets. One target is to implement an electronic patient record system as a replacement for the present paper-based system of record keeping. However, this will not be an easy task; simply introducing information technology into an already chaotic system will only compound existing problems. This article highlights the gaps that must be filled before an electronic record system can be effectively implemented. The two major elements that are missing are mandatory clinical recording standards and a profession that is responsible for monitoring and enforcing those standards. Some examples of relevant standards for clinical recording are provided and the role of a health information management profession is described.     

人体神经系统的研究与启示

数字人体旨在从功能上模拟人体,其目标是实现人体从分子、细胞、器官到整体的全方位精确模拟.本文主要探讨了人体神经系统,得到了一些有关人体系统的重要认识,这对数字人体的模拟与构建具有很重要的启示意义.     

数字人体(人体系统数字学)基础理论框架研究与应用

数字人体是当今医学科学技术,信息科学,计算科学和计算机技术的高度综合,是医学科学技术的最新领域,是21世纪医学科学技术从定性描述到定量表达的结果,它将加深对人体系统的认识,深刻地改变未来人体的研究活动和人们的生活方式,本文提出数字人体（人体系统数字学）的概念,基础理论框架和内涵,并以经络协调诊疗方法对243例精神病患者进行临床诊断治疗,取得了数字化表达的良好效果。     

Effect of accreditation schemes on the setting of quality specifications by laboratories

In the future, there will be a universal standard for quality management in medical laboratories: ISO 15189. This standard follows the basic principles of ISO 17025, the general standard for test laboratories, but also adds several specific aspects. A comparison between these standards is given. The language of ISO 15189 is designed to be understood by medical laboratory professionals. As this standard is applicable to all medical laboratory fields, requirements are given in general terms requiring the laboratory to implement them correctly. Because it is essential that information provided by laboratory results is useful for healthcare, the requirements covered by ISO 15189 are compared with those needed for providing good medical laboratory services. The capabilities of the personnel at the laboratory clinic interface are the most difficult to assess and evaluate in an adequate quality management system.     

Possibilities and Implications of Using the ICF and Other Vocabulary Standards in Electronic Health Records

There is now widespread recognition of the powerful potential of electronic health record (EHR) systems to improve the health‐care delivery system. The benefits of EHRs grow even larger when the health data within their purview are seamlessly shared, aggregated and processed across different providers, settings and institutions. Yet, the plethora of idiosyncratic conventions for identifying the same clinical content in different information systems is a fundamental barrier to fully leveraging the potential of EHRs. Only by adopting vocabulary standards that provide the lingua franca across these local dialects can computers efficiently move, aggregate and use health data for decision support, outcomes management, quality reporting, research and many other purposes. In this regard, the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) is an important standard for physiotherapists because it provides a framework and standard language for describing health and health‐related states. However, physiotherapists and other health‐care professionals capture a wide range of data such as patient histories, clinical findings, tests and measurements, procedures, and so on, for which other vocabulary standards such as Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes and Systematized Nomenclature Of Medicine Clinical Terms are crucial for interoperable communication between different electronic systems. In this paper, we describe how the ICF and other internationally accepted vocabulary standards could advance physiotherapy practise and research by enabling data sharing and reuse by EHRs. We highlight how these different vocabulary standards fit together within a comprehensive record system, and how EHRs can make use of them, with a particular focus on enhancing decision‐making. By incorporating the ICF and other internationally accepted vocabulary standards into our clinical information systems, physiotherapists will be able to leverage the potent capabilities of EHRs and contribute our unique clinical perspective to other health‐care providers within the emerging electronic health information infrastructure. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

护理质量标准及评价体系的研究现状和趋势

护理质量标准和评价是质量管理的关键环节。国外护理质量标准研究均基于一个系统完整的理论框架,其评价指标主要集中在护理结构、护理过程和护理结果质量指标3个方面,定量评价和定性评价方法相结合、评价形式多样化;国内缺乏统一的护理质量标准,评价内容因评价标准的不同有较大差异,评价方法以定性为主,评价形式较单一。随着医学模式的转变,护理学科的发展,现代护理管理观的纵深发展以及服务对象需求的变化,要求建立统一的护理质量标准和评价体系,既要兼顾全国整体护理水平的提高,也要考虑各医院各个专业的护理水平的提高,并随着护理工作内外环境的变化,这一标准和体系需要不断修订和逐步完善。     

Visually impaired drivers and public protection vs confidentiality

Patients consenting to health care are usually content for information to be disclosed to other team members if it will help to provide effective health care. They rarely state at the commencement of a conversation that information is 'secret', but assume that professionals will use the information solely to assist their care. Nurses working in the field of ophthalmology regularly test patients' visual acuity. Not all patients' eyesight reaches the minimum standard required by the Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency. What should nurses do if test results reveal a patient who they know is a driver and whose eyesight does not meet the minimum standard for driving? Should the nurse breach confidentiality? There may be a public safety issue. This article discusses the legal, ethical, professional and employment duty of the nurse, giving examples from previous case law and highlighting the standards of confidentiality required of those employed as professionals in the health service.     

Integrated image storage solutions for the Cath department

Contemporary Image Storage systems for the Catheterization department manage and distribute digital cardiac images according to the “cine-film” paradigm. The images are digital, but the applications have not changed much. This situation will change in the near future. New systems are being developed to store additional (clinical related) data with X-ray Angiographic (XA) Images. Furthermore, the image storage domains are no longer an island in the hospital infrastructure. Efficiency requires the availability of images with other data at the various “point of care” locations. This in turn raises requirements and expectations about the standards in the area of application interoperability, since no single vendor can supply the complete solution. Recent DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine) standardization activities play an important role in extending the current scope of image oriented storage solutions towards a more integrated imaging and information (clinical) folder for the Cath department. The paper will address the following issues: ? New requirements on “self-contained” Image Storage solutions for the Cath lab. ? How to deal with the demand for interdepartmental communication using upcoming (new) DICOM standards and HL7 (Health Level Seven) in this area. ? The increasing influence of computer technology, replacing vendor-specific solutions by general-accepted standards from the Information Technology (IT) world. ? A step-wise approach to come to an integrated clinical (patient) folder with inherent capabilities for data interchange with other Cardiology departments and the hospitals information infrastructure.