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1.
目的探讨创伤失血性休克患者应用创伤链式抢救流程管理的效果。方法选取2018年1月至2021年6月连云港市中医院急诊科收治的创伤失血性休克患者50例为研究对象,根据随机数字表法将其分为实验组和传统组各25例。传统组接受常规急救护理措施,实验组实施创伤链式抢救流程管理,对两组急救效率、并发症发生率及预后情况进行比较分析。结果实施创伤链式抢救流程管理后,实验组急诊抢救时间、分诊时间、休克纠正时间、液体复苏达标时间及住院时间均显著短于传统组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);实验组并发症发生率显著低于传统组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);实验组抢救成功率、痊愈率与有效率显著高于传统组、死亡率显著低于传统组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论创伤链式抢救流程管理能有效提升创伤失血性休克患者抢救成功率,缩短抢救时间,减少并发症的发生,有助于改善预后情况,值得临床推广应用。  相似文献   

2.
目的探讨适用于创伤失血性休克救治不同阶段的液体复苏方式,以求证链式管理的液体治疗效果。方法采用历史对照研究,选择2011年7月至2013年6月送达本院的创伤失血性休克患者42例为链式管理组,护士主动参与液体治疗计划,将院前-急诊科-手术室-ICU-外科病房不同科室的液体复苏方式进行链式组合管理;选择2009年7月至2011年6月送达本院的创伤失血性休克患者40例为常规对照组。对比分析两组的复苏开始时间、休克纠正时间、术前输液量、术后72h日均输液量、病死率与并发症指标。结果两组复苏开始时间、术前输液量比较差异无统计学意义(均P0.05);两组休克纠正时间、术后72h日均输液量、病死率及并发症发生率比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05或P0.01)。结论创伤失血性休克患者的液体复苏治疗须兼顾休克病理演变过程与外科围手术期的体液变化,对不同阶段的液体复苏方式进行全程链式管理,有助于实现院内液体复苏的一体化跟踪模式,提高早期抢救成功率,降低后期并发症的发生。  相似文献   

3.
刘华清  李福龙  陈琛 《实用医学杂志》2011,27(10):1778-1779
目的:探讨限制性液体复苏对创伤失血性休克合并慢性肾功能衰竭代偿期的影响。方法:创伤失血性休克合并慢性肾功能衰竭代偿期患者180例,随机分为观察组和对照组,观察组(n=92例)采用限制性液体复苏措施,对照组(n=88例)采用充分液体复苏措施。对比分析两组患者急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)、急性肾功能衰竭(ARF)、多器官功能障碍综合征(MODS)、脓毒血症和病死率的发生率。结果:观察组复苏后30min和复苏后1h与复苏前呼吸频率(RR)和脉搏血氧饱和度(SPO2)比较差异均有显著性(P<0.01或P<0.05);对照组复苏后30min与复苏前比较均有显著性(P<0.01),而复苏后1h与复苏前比较差异无显著性(P>0.05)。观察组与对照组肌酐(Cr)复苏后30min和1h后与复苏前比较差异均无显著性(P>0.05),观察组复苏后30min和1hCr值均高于同一时间点对照组的Cr值,两组同时间点比较差异无显著性(P>0.05)。两组间除ARF发生率比较差异无显著性外(P>0.05),其余并发症发生率比较差异均有显著性(P<0.05)。结论:对创伤失血性休克合并慢性肾功能衰竭代偿期的患者给予限制性液体复苏,能避免早期积极液体复苏带来的不良反应,能降低患者并发症的发生率。  相似文献   

4.
目的 观察7.5%高渗盐水对创伤失血性休克患者的早期疗效和对T淋巴细胞亚群的影响.方法 将北京同仁医院急诊科2006年12月至2008年7月收治的早期急性创伤失血性休克患者共82例,随机分为高渗盐水治疗组(高渗盐水组)43例和复方氯化钠溶液治疗组(常规组)39例.纳人标准:来院即刻收缩压<90mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa),并且有明确的失血证据.排除标准:既往有免疫系统疾病的患者、来诊24 h内死亡的患者.高渗盐水组立即给予7.5%氯化钠溶液200 mL静脉点滴,于15~20 min内输完,常规组给予复方氯化钠溶液常规复苏治疗.记录复苏开始后10,20,60min点血压及心率的数值并于来诊即刻和复苏24 h后测定血CD3+,CD4+,CD8+水平,使用直接荧光免疫法检测,比较应用高渗盐水和复方氯化钠溶液复苏早期的疗效和对患者T淋巴细胞亚群的影响.两组患者血压、心率、T细胞亚群数值以均数±标准差(x±s)表示,组间比较使用两独立样本t检验,组内比较使用配对t检验;手术例数、并发症例数和死亡例数比较使用X2检验.采用SPSS 11.0统计软件处理数据,以P<0.05为差异具有统计学意义.结果 高渗盐水组24 h液体输入量为(3820±623)mL,常规组为(5430±1254)mL,两组比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).高渗盐水组在输液10 min,20 min后血压明显高于常规组(P<0.01).伤后24 h高渗盐水组CD3+,CD4+高于常规组(P<0.01).本研究共治愈63例(76.8%),死亡19例(23.2%),共发生ARDS 10例,MODS 14例.两组患者的死亡率、ARDS发生率、NODS发生率比较,高渗盐水组低于常规组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 在创伤失血件休克的早期,使用高渗盐水复苏可明显增加有效循环血量,改善组织器官灌注,并可改善患者的T细胞免疫功能,降低ARDS,MODS发生率和死亡率,治疗效果优于常规液体复苏法.  相似文献   

5.
多器官功能障碍综合征 (MODS)是创伤、休克 ,感染的严重并发症 ,已成为患者死亡的主要原因。我院 1998年 10月— 2 0 0 1年 10月住院死亡者 383例 ,其中 72例临终时有详细心电监测及复苏资料予以总结 ,探讨临终心律及对复苏时心跳逆转可能性。1 临床资料1.1 病例 :72例患者的 MODS病情分期诊断及严重度评分按文献〔1〕标准。男41例 ,女 31例 ;年龄 14~ 76岁 ;创伤 33例 ,脑卒中 16例 ,胸腹手术后 7例 ,重症感染 5例 ,中毒 3例 ,心脏病 2例 ,其它 6例 ;住院时间 3~ 2 0 4日 ,平均 2 2日。1.2 治疗方法 :所有患者均经针对原发病治疗…  相似文献   

6.
目的评价重症胸部创伤合并创伤性失血性休克(HTS)采用限制性液体复苏的治疗效果,以提高治愈率.方法总结1998-01~2003-09急诊收治的重症胸部创伤合并HTS病人49例,对病人年龄、创伤严重程度评分、休克程度、复苏开始时间、输入液量进行统计学分析,对比常规液体复苏(n=27)与限制性液体复苏(n=22)的疗效及ARDS的发生率与病死率.结果常规液体复苏组平均输液量为(2 965±524)mL,治愈率为77.8%,死亡率为22.2%,其中ARDS发生率为18.5%,死亡率为60%;限制性液体复苏组平均输液量为(2089±328)mL,治愈率为86.4%,死亡率为13.6%,其中ARDS发生率为9.1%,死亡率为0.组间比较均有显著性差异(P<0.05).结论重症胸部创伤合并HTS采用限制性液体复苏方法救治可降低ARDS发生,提高治愈率.  相似文献   

7.
目的 探讨限制性液体复苏对创伤失血性休克患者的效果与急救护理措施.方法 将100例创伤失血性休克患者按数字表法随机分为对照组和观察组各50例,两组均采用急救护理程序进行急救,对照组采取常规液体复苏方法,观察组给予限制性液体复苏,比较两组患者抢救成功率、病死率、急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)发生率、多器官功能障碍综合征(MODS)发生率、复苏时间、患者家属对急救护理工作满意度.结果 观察组患者抢救成功率、病死率、ARDS发生率、MODS发生率分别为80%,20%,4%,16%,对照组分别为60%,40%,28%,38%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(x2值分别为7.24,6.95,8.63,7.84;P <0.01);观察组复苏时间(95.67±25.03) min,对照组(200.18±35.12)min;观察组患者家属对急救护理工作满意度为(98.45±0.91)分,对照组为(91.12±4.07)分;两组复苏时间和满意度比较差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为5.23,4.59;P<O.01).结论 创伤失血性休克患者应用限制性液体复苏,同时根据急救护理程序实施急救护理,可减少MODS和ARDS的发生,降低患者的病死率,提高抢救成功率和患者家属对急救护理工作的满意度.  相似文献   

8.
限制性液体复苏治疗失血性休克的应用研究   总被引:25,自引:0,他引:25  
目的探讨液体复苏对创伤失血性休克的救治效果。方法回顾性总结创伤失血性休克早期不同的液体复苏方法对救治效果和凝血功能的影响。结果在243例创伤失血性休克患者中,充分液体复苏组(127例)病死率37·80%(48例),限制液体复苏组(116例)病死率23·28%(27例),两组总病死率及1~2h病死率比较差异均具有统计学意义(P<0·05)。充分液体复苏组血浆凝血酶原时间(PT)长于和存活患者并发症的发生率高于限制性液体复苏组。结论限制性液体复苏能降低创伤失血性休克患者病死率,提高存活率,并降低存活患者并发症的发生率,改善预后。  相似文献   

9.
目的探讨限制性补液在创伤失血性休克合并急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)患者的应用效果。方法将80例创伤失血性休克合并ARDS的患者按照随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组各40例,对照组采用常规液体复苏,观察组采用限制性补液法,2组均采用标准的急救护理程序,对创伤患者进行急救,比较2组复苏率、死亡率、多器官功能障碍(MODS)发生率以及患者家属对急救护理工作的满意度。结果观察组复苏率为83%、死亡率为17%、MODS发生率为4.3%以及护理工作满意度为(97.12±3.02)分,对照组复苏率为61%、死亡率为39%、MODS发生率为25%以及护理工作满意度为(90.03±4.58)分,2组差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组复苏时间(102.3±28.5)min,对照组复苏时间(127.1±30.7)min,2组复苏时间无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论创伤失血性休克合并ARDS的患者采用限制性补液以及标准的急救护理程序可提高患者的复苏率,降低患者的死亡率和MODS的发生率,同时还能提高患者家属对急救护理工作的满意程度。  相似文献   

10.
最近 ,美国得克萨斯大学休斯顿医学院外科系的研究人员研究了标准创伤休克复苏时患者心血管反应的性别差异。他们对不同性别的创伤休克患者均按统一标准复苏 ,使患者的氧输送量 (D O2 )在进入 ICU2 4小时内≥ 6 0 0 ml· m in- 1· m- 2。经过对观察结果进行统计学分析 ,他们发现男女 2组患者的反应存在着明显的差异 (P<0 .0 5 )。选择的病例均为创伤休克后多器官功能衰竭的高危患者。危险因素包括 :主要脏器或大血管损伤 ,骨折 ,血气分析碱剩余 <6 mm ol/ L ,12小时内需输血 6个单位以上 ,年龄 >6 5岁。标准休克复苏的程序包括放置肺…  相似文献   

11.
Objective: To identify patterns of nonfatal and fatal penetrating trauma among children and adults in New Mexico using ED and medical examiner data.
Methods: The authors retrospectively sampled in 5-year intervals all victims of penetrating trauma who presented to either the state Level-1 trauma center or the state medical examiner from a 16-year period (1978–1993). Rates of nonfatal and fatal firearm and stabbing injury were compared for children and adults.
Results: Rates of nonfatal injury were similar (firearm, 34.3 per 100,000 person-years; stabbing, 35.1). However, rates of fatal injury were significantly different (firearm, 21.9; stabbing, 2.7; relative risk: 8.2; 95% confidence interval: 5.4, 12.5). From 1978 to 1993, nonfatal injury rates increased for children (p = 0.0043) and adults (p < 0.0001), while fatal penetrating injury remained constant. The increase in nonfatal injury in children resulted from increased firearm injury rates. In adults, both stabbing and firearm nonfatal injury rates increased.
Conclusions: Nonfatal injury data suggest that nonfatal violence has increased; fatal injury data suggest that violent death rates have remained constant. Injury patterns vary by age, mechanism of trauma, and data source. These results suggest that ED and medical examiner data differ and that both are needed to guide injury prevention programs.  相似文献   

12.
Three supplementary perspectives are presented arguing that interprofessional collaboration is both necessary and desirable. Nonetheless, there are often too many serious intra-professional barriers and obstacles to interprofessional collaboration to make it successful. Some of these barriers, it is argued and illustrated, are found in the multiple ways in which professional identity is tacitly acquired and embodied in the practitioners' habitual, everyday practice. The paper then explores ways in which reflection, especially Second order reflection, can help to elucidate and overcome these obstacles, as well as increasing professional adaptability and competence.  相似文献   

13.
This is a new method for the determination of creatine kinase isoenzyme MB activity in serum. The method uses direct activity measurement of creatine kinase B subunit activity after blocking of CK-M subunit activity by inhibiting antibodies. The test takes no longer than 15 min. The method yields an intra-serial C.V. of 2.0-12.9%, and a C.V. from day to day of 5.5%. The detection limit is 3.4 U/l creatine kinase MB. In the 95 cases with proven myocardial infarction several types of creatine kinase MB activity kinetics could be determined. The percentage of creatine kinase MB of peak CK-total is 6-25%, with a mean of 11.1%. The amount of creatine kinase MB with respect to total CK activity after reinfarction is higher than the amount after initial infarction.  相似文献   

14.
ABSTRACT

The Cochrane Library of Systematic Reviews is published quarterly as a DVD and monthly online. The January 2011 issue (first quarterly DVD for 2011) contains 4515 complete reviews, 1985 protocols for reviews in production, and 13,521 one-page summaries of systematic reviews published in the general medical literature. In addition, there are citations of 641,000 randomized controlled trials, and 14,018 cited papers in the Cochrane methodology register. The health technology assessment database contains over 9300 citations. One hundred and seven new reviews have been published in the last 3 months, of which five have potential relevance for practitioners in pain and palliative medicine.  相似文献   

15.
目的 探讨手转胎头术失败的原因与分娩结局.方法 选择2008年1月至2010年12月于我院住院分娩的持续性枕横位、枕后位产妇198例,根据行手转胎头术后结果分为成功组126例、失败组72例.比较两组分娩结局,对比分析失败原因.结果 失败组胎儿体质量≥3500 g的发生率[76.4%(55/72)]明显高于成功组[31.7%(40/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2=30.177,P=0.001)、失败组宫缩乏力发生率[58.3%(42/72)]高于成功组[38.1% (48/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2=7.569,P=0.006)、失败组骨盆临界或轻度狭窄发生率[38.9% (28/72)]高于成功组[23.8%(30/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2 =5.030,P=0.002)、失败组手转胎头时机不当(宫口开大<6 cm、胎头位于坐骨棘上及宫口开大8~10 cm、胎头位于坐骨棘下≥2 cm)发生率[61.1%(44/72)]高于成功组[38.9%(49/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2=9.084,P=0.003).失败组母儿并发症(产后出血、产褥病率、胎儿窘迫、新生儿窒息)发生率高于成功组(x2 =9.586,P=0.002、x2=9.334,P=0.002、x2=5.910,P=0.015、x2=5.240,P=0.022)、失败组剖宫产发生率[72.2%(52/72)]明显高于成功组[34.1 %(43/126),x2=26.641,P=0.001)].结论 手转胎头术能使难产变顺产,降低剖宫产率,减少母儿并发症,但须积极预防、处理导致手转胎头术失败的原因,对矫正失败后继续矫正及试产应慎重.  相似文献   

16.
Ranganath C  Heller AS  Wilding EL 《NeuroImage》2007,35(4):1663-1673
Although substantial evidence suggests that the prefrontal cortex (PFC) implements processes that are critical for accurate episodic memory judgments, the specific roles of different PFC subregions remain unclear. Here, we used event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging to distinguish between prefrontal activity related to operations that (1) influence processing of retrieval cues based on current task demands, or (2) are involved in monitoring the outputs of retrieval. Fourteen participants studied auditory words spoken by a male or female speaker and completed memory tests in which the stimuli were unstudied foil words and studied words spoken by either the same speaker at study, or the alternate speaker. On "general" test trials, participants were to determine whether each word was studied, regardless of the voice of the speaker, whereas on "specific" test trials, participants were to additionally distinguish between studied words that were spoken in the same voice or a different voice at study. Thus, on specific test trials, participants were explicitly required to attend to voice information in order to evaluate each test item. Anterior (right BA 10), dorsolateral prefrontal (right BA 46), and inferior frontal (bilateral BA 47/12) regions were more active during specific than during general trials. Activation in anterior and dorsolateral PFC was enhanced during specific test trials even in response to unstudied items, suggesting that activation in these regions was related to the differential processing of retrieval cues in the two tasks. In contrast, differences between specific and general test trials in inferior frontal regions (bilateral BA 47/12) were seen only for studied items, suggesting a role for these regions in post-retrieval monitoring processes. Results from this study are consistent with the idea that different PFC subregions implement distinct, but complementary processes that collectively support accurate episodic memory judgments.  相似文献   

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The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) in the USA operates a network of 172 medical centres which all utilize a hospital information system (HIS) which has been developed and is currently maintained by the VA. During the past several years, an image management and communication module has been developed, installed and clinically utilized at the Washington DC and Maryland VA Medical Centres. This image management and communication system, referred to as the decentralized hospital computer program (DHCP) imaging system, is fully integrated with a commercial picture archiving and communication system (PACS). The system is utilized to capture, archive, and display all images generated within the hospital including radiology, nuclear medicine, pathology, endoscopy, bronchoscopy, and dermatology, intraoperative photographs, ECG data, and a limited number of paper documents. The ultimate goal of the project is to have all patient text and image data available at any clinical workstation to any authorized user anywhere within the network of medical centres. Clinical requirements for an imaging workstation include ease of use, rapid and reliable access to the complete set of patient information, and images which are of acceptable quality to meet the requirements of the user and the subspecialty. Patient confidentiality and data security must be safeguarded at all times. Integration of the images with the remainder of the patient's database was found to be critical to the success of the project. The experience at the Washington and Maryland facilities suggests that an imaging system that is successfully integrated with a hospital information system can provide substantial clinical and economic benefits both within and among medical centres. Clinical acceptance and utilization of the system has been excellent, particularly in diagnostic radiology where DHCP Imaging has been interfaced to a commercial PAC system. Based upon this initial experience, the VA has begun to deploy the system throughout its large network of medical centres.  相似文献   

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目的 探讨俯卧位通气对高海拔地区肺复张术(RM)治疗无效急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)患者的治疗作用.方法 从海拔2260m的地区医院筛选RM治疗无效的41例ARDS患者[平均氧合指数( PaO2/FiO2)较RM前升高<20%视为RM无效],依不同病因分为肺内源性ARDS组(ARDSp组)和肺外源性ARDS组(ARDSexp组),每组再按信封法随机分为俯卧位组和仰卧位组,即ARDSp俯卧位组(11例)、ARDSp仰卧位组(9例)、ARDSexp俯卧位组(10例)、ARDSexp仰卧位组(11例).在通气前及通气1、2、3、4h监测动脉血氧分压( PaO2)、PaO2/FiO2、静态顺应性(Cst)、气道阻力(Raw)的变化.结果 通气lh时,ARDSexp俯卧位组PaO2/FiO2( mm Hg,l mm Hg=0.133 kPa)即较通气前显著升高(157.4±40.6比129.3±48.7,P<0.05),并随通气时间延长呈持续增高趋势,4h达峰值(219.1 ±41.1);且ARDSexp俯卧位组通气3h内PaO2/FiO2较其他3组显著增高,另3组间则差异无统计学意义.ARDSp俯卧位组、ARDSexp俯卧位组通气4h时PaO2/FiO2均较相应仰卧位组显著增高(208.8±39.7比127.4±47.1,219.1±41.1比124.9±50.8,均P<0.05).4组通气前后Cst无显著改变,各组间差异也无统计学意义.ARDSp俯卧位组通气4h时Raw(cmH2O·L-1·s-1)较通气前显著降低(6.8±1.7比10.7±1.8,P<0.05),且明显低于其他3组;其他3组各时间点Raw组内及组间比较差异均无统计学意义.结论 俯卧位通气作为ARDS机械通气重要策略之一,可以改善RM无效高原ARDS患者的氧合,为抢救患者赢得宝贵的时间.  相似文献   

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