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1.
Empathy, the ability to communicate an understanding of a client's world, is said to be a crucial component of all helping relationships. The first part of this paper focuses on the failure of measures of empathy to reflect clients' views about the ability to offer empathy. It is argued that, if clients are able to perceive the amount of empathy in helping relationships, they are able to advise professionals about how to offer empathy. The second part of this paper examines the inconclusive research evidence that existing courses have enabled professionals to offer empathy, and the disagreement about how empathy is best taught. The literature reviewed in this paper substantiates these observations.  相似文献   

2.
It has been suggested that the crucial elements in nursing situations are the nurse, the client, and what goes on between them. This paper examines what goes on between clients and nurses during interpersonal relationships, from the perspective of the clients. Data are presented from studies conducted in Canada and Scotland. It is shown that what clients want, or do not want, during relationships with their nurses, is similar on both sides of the Atlantic. The findings reported in this paper are relevant to transcultural nursing, ethical care, the growth in consumerism, and client advocacy. The findings suggest also that there is a need for nursing research to focus on clinical outcomes in order to establish whether clients' perceptions of helping relationships have any relevance to favourable health outcomes, and the evidence base for clinical nursing.  相似文献   

3.
Empathy: a crucial component of the helping relationship   总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12  
The literature reviewed in this paper substantiates the widely held view that empathy is crucial to all forms of helping relationships. While most studies cited are more than a decade old, the relationship between empathy and helping remains unchallenged in the 1990s. Additionally, while there is confusion about whether empathy is a personality dimension, an experienced emotion, or an observable skill, it is shown that empathy involves an ability to communicate an understanding of a client's world. Finally, a definition of empathy considered to be relevant to clinical nursing is introduced, which includes the need to understand client's distress, and to provide supportive interpersonal communication. It is argued that there is a need to revisit the role of empathy in the context of current health care delivery.  相似文献   

4.
Background. Many studies have focused on reflection and the advantages that can be gained from the practice of reflection among Registered Nurses (RNs) but, what are the implications of the nurses’ reflections, what do they reflect about, and how do they deal with their reflections? Aims and objectives. The aim of this study was to describe the RNs’ experiences of reflection in relation to nursing care situations, and to understand how RNs use reflection in their daily work. What are the implications of the nursing care situations that the RNs’ reflect upon? What consequences did the practice of reflection have in nursing care situations in relation to the RNs professional development? Design and method. The study was carried out with interviews and the phenomenographic method. Interviews were carried out with four RNs. The choice of informants was made with purposive sampling with the aim of finding informants who could bring the kind of knowledge that was necessary for the study. Results. The qualitative differences regarding the RNs’ experiences of reflection were categorized as follows: to reflect (to think back – consider, mirroring, to reflect before and reflect after, to use experiences), nursing care situations (ethical considerations, to have courage, to use one's imagination, empathy) and consequences (to meet the unique, empathy, development). Finally, the findings were implicated in the model of professional development. Conclusion. By using reflection as a tool, many advantages can be gained in the development of nursing care. Encouraging RNs to reflect upon nursing situations, in order to promote the nurse's professional development, will imply better nursing care for the patients. The model for professional development implies a simplified representation of the thoughts pertaining to professional nursing development. Relevance to clinical practice. The relevance for clinical practice will be to understand the contents of the RNs reflections, to recognize the advantages of reflective practice and how and when to use such measures. Furthermore, to show how the model for professional development can be used in order to create a framework for evaluating these observations and consequently, for expressing tacit knowledge.  相似文献   

5.
It is perhaps conventional wisdom that the therapeutic relationship is a cornerstone of psychiatric nursing. It is almost a sine qua non. However, while its importance may be widely recognized, it is notoriously undefined and even those who profess to practise or utilize it, or those who advocate it most strongly, have difficulty in saying exactly what it is. This report details a study carried out with six experienced psychiatric nurses to explore and describe perceptions and understandings of pivotal moments within therapeutic relationships. The nurses were asked, in a series of one-to-one interviews, to consider relationships with clients that they would themselves describe as therapeutic and meditate on those moments at which everything seemed to change and the relationship became qualitatively different. Among the factors the nurses reported as being significant were empathy, uniqueness, meaning and purpose, and appropriate self-disclosure (although many of those terms may require clarification). This paper will consider the implications of these and others for nursing practice and the identity of psychiatric nursing practice.  相似文献   

6.
This article presents a study conducted on a short‐term rehabilitation unit in a long‐term care facility. The purpose of the study was to explore, through qualitative methods, nurses' perspectives of encouraging clients to care for themselves. Although the literature suggested that encouraging self‐care does not occur, the findings of this study showed that nurses have a broader view than what is currently known in nursing as “self‐care.” Potential impediments to nursing practice were overcome by the development of nurse‐client relationships through which the nurses encouraged clients in what is described throughout this study as “care‐of‐self” Rehabilitation nurses play an important role in helping clients to integrate and reclaim the care of their emerging new selves. Care‐of‐self may be critical to clients not only in reaching their outcome goals for discharge but also in maintaining outcomes beyond discharge.  相似文献   

7.
Although empathy is regarded as a necessary component of good quality nursing care, defining and measuring empathy have both been fraught with problems. A historical overview helps to explain these difficulties, as nurses have tended to accept the views of psychotherapists uncritically, and have used scales developed for clients in counselling with people who are physically ill. Methodological difficulties combined with the results of studies demonstrating low levels of empathic ability in nurses have culminated in disenchantment with this topic. A framework is used to show why nurses cannot always demonstrate empathic awareness of every patient's need and an alternative approach for exploring the nature of empathy is suggested.  相似文献   

8.
This article resulted from a paper, presented by the author, at the Hildegard Peplau seminar on the interpersonal role of psychiatric nurses, given at the Highland College of Nursing and Midwifery, Inverness. It discusses empathy — the ability to see things from another person's point of view. That ability is held to be the core characteristic of a helping relationship, but a review of the literature reveals that there is little agreement about how empathy should be defined. Consequently, it is argued that there is a need for nurse teachers to define what they mean by empathy. Failure to do so may result in confusion about what is being taught. Furthermore, it is proposed that all teachers should be trained in experiential teaching methods, and that the effects of structured empathy training should be investigated within an experimental research design.  相似文献   

9.
These findings reveal that an emphasis on death and dying in baccalaureate nursing schools has definitely increased over the past 20 years. Ninety-five percent of the schools reported here have some emphasis on death and dying. The majority of nursing students take the death and dying offerings. Overwhelmingly, the professional background of the instructor is nursing. While only 5 percent of the schools do not offer anything in death and dying, nearly half of these plan to offer something "within the next five years." If death and dying offerings influence students' attitudes, as is suggested in research cited above, baccalaureate nursing programs in the United States apparently have taken positive steps toward helping nurses cope with dying over the past 20 years. If nurses themselves cannot deal with death, caring for a dying patient may be difficult. With continued increased emphasis on death and dying in nursing curricula, both nurses, patients, and patients' families will hopefully benefit.  相似文献   

10.
Communication forms the foundation for all that nurses do. Recently, nurses working with migrant farmworkers have become challenged as the language of this population has become predominantly Spanish. To explore how nurses in North Carolina are managing communication issues, 55 nurses at 12 state health care agencies that serve migrant farmworkers was surveyed. Data were collected to determine what nurses believed about various communication issues involving these Spanish-speaking clients, including how they were presently communicating with them, in what areas of nursing functions they believed communication barriers were problematic, what they were doing to improve their communication, and what they envisioned the potential solutions were concerning communication barriers. Language differences proved to be substantial barriers to adequate nursing care for these individuals. Nurses cited many problems and said that they were receiving little assistance from their agencies to improve direct communication with the clients. Responses indicated a need for and a willingness by nurses to focus on improving communication with Spanish-speaking clients. Classes held at their agencies were seen as the most effective way of learning Spanish.  相似文献   

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