国外护理跨专业教育的研究进展

该文介绍了国外护理跨专业教育的发展现状。国外跨专业教育以培养学生跨专业价值认同能力、角色认知能力、沟通能力、合作能力为根本,具有课程框架开发多样化、专业合作多样化、教育评估多样化等特点。启示我国护理教育要创建合作平台,健全跨专业评估内容,丰富跨专业教学资源,拓展参与形式,推进跨专业教育的发展。     

跨专业教育在护理教学中的应用进展

目的 综述国内外跨专业教育在护理教学中的应用情况,为护理教育者开展跨专业教育提供理论和实践依据.方法 通过文献检索和回顾,对纳入论文进行内容分析,从研究背景、实践方法、评价工具、应用效果等类目提取信息,进行归纳总结.结果 跨专业教育能促进医疗团队进行协作,获得必需知识和技能,提升医护人员的沟通与合作能力,培养成员间的尊重与信任,从而提升医疗水平和质量.护理人员在医疗团队中的作用至关重要,更需要通过跨专业教育与其他医疗人员相互学习、交流合作.跨专业教育已引起了医学教育者的广泛关注,未来医疗工作将从分工细化转向协同合作.结论 护理教育者需要更加深入学生群体,扩大研究范围,展开多层次、多角度的研究,进行多学科融合的跨专业教育.实现不同专业、层次医学院校间师生流通、资源共享,进一步明确专业角色和职责,消除专业偏见,进行跨专业沟通.     

医学教育中跨专业教育的发展概况

全球人口老龄化和慢性病例数的增加,患者及其需求的加剧,医学知识和技术的日新月异,要求当今的卫生人才不仅要具备全面的专业知识和技能,更需要有跨专业的团队合作能力。跨专业教育（IPE）作为一种促进专业沟通,改善团队合作的途径被提出。现就医学教育中的IPE全球开展情况、基础理论、介入时间、评价工具、发展制约因素等方面的现状及进展进行综述。     

跨专业教育在临床医护操作技术课程中的实施

目的探讨跨专业教育在临床医护操作技术课程中的应用方法及效果。方法在公共选修课临床医护操作技术课程中,对60名二年级临床医学专业和护理学专业学生采用跨专业教育进行实验教学,共4学时。采用跨专业合作学习准备量表对教学效果进行评价。结果 59名(98.3%)学生跨专业合作态度总分≥57分,60名(100%)学生团队合作维度得分≥27分,56名(93.3%)学生职业认同维度得分≥21分,51(85.0%)名学生角色与职责维度得分≥9分。结论学生的医护合作积极性较高,团队合作积极,职业认同较好,能较积极地应对自己的角色和职业。在临床医护操作技术课程的教学过程中应用跨专业教育得到学生的认可。     

护理学研究生跨专业学习态度调查及影响因素分析

目的了解护理学研究生跨专业学习(interprofessional learning, IPL)态度及影响因素,为跨专业教育在护理学研究生中开展提供参考依据。方法 2018年9-10月,采用中文版跨专业合作学习准备量表对3所高校2016-2018级115名在读护理学研究生进行问卷调查。结果护理学研究生跨专业合作学习准备量表总分为(78.49±8.48)分,处于较高水平,其中团队合作得分为(39.83±5.22)分、消极的专业认同得分为(12.21±3.05)分、积极的专业认同得分为(17.63±2.46)分、角色和职责的得分为(8.81±2.04)分;多元回归结果显示,性别是护理学研究生IPL态度的影响因素。结论护理学研究生IPL态度较好,具有较高的团队合作精神及专业认同感,各高校应重视跨专业教育,不断提升护理学研究生专业间的协作实践能力。【     

模拟强化医学跨专业教育的研究进展

将模拟教学运用于医学跨专业教育可以促进多学科团队沟通、协作,改善患者健康结局。该文结合当前模拟强化跨专业教育的研究,立足于国际护理临床模拟教学协会的最佳实践标准,综述模拟跨专业教育的研究进展,为护理领域的跨学科专业教育提供参考。     

跨专业合作在本科生手术室实践教学中的应用

目的探讨跨专业教育在本科生手术室实践教学中的应用方法与效果。方法在手术室护理实践教学中,对临床医学、麻醉学与护理学3个专业学生组合实施"三站式"跨专业合作教学,教学内容包括术前联合访视、配合完成动物仿真模拟手术、术后联合随访,采用跨专业准备量表评价教学效果。结果 250名(98.04%)学生跨专业合作学习准备度总分≥57分,255名(100%)学生团队合作维度得分≥27分,248名(97.25%)学生专业认同维度得分≥21分,225名(88.24%)学生角色和职责维度得分≥9分。结论学生的跨专业合作积极性较高,团队合作积极,专业认同较好,能较积极地应对自己的角色和职责。在手术室实践教学中应用跨专业教育得到学生的认可。     

叙事医学教育在护理人文教育中的研究进展

<正>中国的医学教育理念正转向以学生为中心、胜任力为导向、跨专业学习的团队合作教育方式,目的在于更好地让学生结合临床学习理论知识并应用于临床实践,在实践中充分发挥意识的能动作用,是人文精神在医疗活动中的重要展现。以Charon为代表的美国研究者提出了多科汇通、医文融合的医患沟通叙事教育方法,突破医患沟通及医学人文研究和实践的僵局~([1])。叙事教育是     

跨专业团队合作教育的应用现状

契合现代医学“以患者为中心”的照护观,跨专业团队合作在提高医务人员合作实践的有效性进而改善卫生保健系统、提高照护质量中发挥着重要的作用,已成为国际医学教育的一股主流。本文以比格斯的3P模型为理论框架,对“跨专业团队合作教育”从学习预备、学习过程和学习结果3个方面进行了分析,以期为我国医学教育的发展和改革提供借鉴。     

湖南省928名本科护生跨专业合作学习准备度现状及影响因素研究

目的了解本科护生跨专业合作学习准备度现状并对其影响因素进行分析,为高校本科护理学专业开展跨专业学习教育提供参考。方法采用一般资料调查表、跨专业合作学习准备量表和大五人格量表对湖南省5所医学院校的928名在读本科护生进行问卷调查,采用多元线性回归分析本科护生跨专业合作学习准备度的影响因素。结果 928名本科护生跨专业合作学习准备度总分为(74.09±10.54)分。人格特质(宜人性、外向性),院校层次,年级,性别是影响本科护生跨专业合作学习准备度的主要因素(P0.05),共解释本科护生跨专业合作学习准备度的30.2%。结论本科护生跨专业合作学习准备度处于中等偏上水平,宜人性、外向性、院校层次、年级、性别是本科护生跨专业合作学习准备度的影响因素。各高校应重视跨专业学习教育,根据学生的个性,培养本科护生的跨专业合作学习理念,提高其跨专业合作学习准备度,促进多学科合作在我国的应用与发展,提升医疗服务质量。     

Introducing Interprofessional Education in Nursing Curricula

Promoting positive outcomes is a primary focus of providers when treating patients in all health care settings. Interprofessional education is an integral and necessary practice that must take place to ensure that positive outcomes are achieved and to promote patient safety. The American Association of Colleges of Nursing, the Institute of Medicine, and the National League of Nursing have prioritized interprofessional collaboration as a crucial component of education necessary to improve the quality of health care in the United States. Curricular development in nursing is a principle setting where interprofessional education can be developed.     

The impact of interprofessional simulation on readiness for interprofessional learning in health professions students

Healthcare does not occur in a silo and yet healthcare education remains fractured into individual disciplines. This isolated curricular methodology does not represent the intricate interprofessional environment that healthcare providers are required to thrive in post-graduation. Interprofessional Education (IPE) has been identified as a crucial stratagem for creating effective collaborative healthcare teams. The purpose of this research project was to create an interprofessional education (IPE) simulation that represents the current collaborative healthcare practice environment. Medical students, Physicians Assistant's students and Nursing students from different educational institutes participated in a patient simulation using the Situation Background Assessment and Recommendation communication framework (SBAR).The design of this study was a one-group comparative, quasi-experimental, quantitative pilot study. The study employed the Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Scale (RIPLS) in a pre-and-post questionnaire to measure readiness for IPE simulation and student attitudes. Attitude toward collaboration has been found to positively influence care team collaboration, which can positively affect patient outcomes. The sample population (n=45) included the second-year associate degree nursing students, first-year medical students, and first-year physician assistant students. The results of this study indicated that the implementation and participation in an interprofessional communication simulation had a positive effect on readiness and attitudes.     

Students’ perceptions of interprofessional collaboration on the care of diabetes: A qualitative study

Interprofessional education can promote healthcare professionals' competence to work in interprofessional collaboration, which is essential for the quality and safety of care. An interprofessional approach is particularly important in complex, chronic diseases like diabetes. This qualitative study evaluated changes in medical and nursing students' perceptions of interprofessional collaboration, induced by a novel interprofessional education course on diabetes care with practical elements. Data from focus-group interviews of 30 students before and after the course were analyzed by using inductive and deductive content analysis. The students’ perceptions were illustrated as Elements of Collaborative Care (e.g. Quality of professional care relationship) and Elements of Interprofessional Collaboration (e.g. Importance of communication and Valuation of collaboration). The post-course interviews added one subcategory (Need of resources) to the pre-course perceptions, and there was improvement in ten areas of self-perceived competence in performing or understanding interprofessional collaboration on diabetes care. The course improved the students' self-perceived competence and confidence in interprofessional collaboration on the care of patients with diabetes, and their understanding of interprofessional collaboration changed towards a more patient-centred and holistic perspective. The findings support further implementation of IPE with practical elements in future health professionals’ education.     

Staff perceptions of collaboration on a new interprofessional unit using the Assessment of Interprofessional Team Collaboration Scale (AITCS)

The aim of this study was to obtain baseline information on staff attitudes and perceptions of interprofessional collaboration on a newly formed interprofessional education unit. The Assessment of Interprofessional Team Collaboration Scale (AITCS) was administered to 54 interprofessional team members on a 30-bed medical interprofessional education (IPE) unit. We found that the team members respected each other but felt they needed more organisational support to further develop team skills. Additionally, team members noted that they did not have enough time for team reflection or to make changes to the team processes. The results obtained from this study will help to develop and refine educational strategies to assist the staff working on the IPE unit.     

Development and evaluation of an interprofessional seminar pilot course to enhance collaboration between health professions at a student-run clinic for underserved populations

ABSTRACT

This report describes the development and evaluation of an interprofessional pilot course aimed at health science students. The course was developed through collaboration of three health professions: Dentistry, Kinesiology, and Pharmacy. The coursework comprised of traditional lecture-based learning, interprofessional experiential education through four on-site visits at two area clinics that participate in team-based care, four student self-reflections following each site visit, and demonstration of interprofessional education and collaboration (IPEC) competencies through student evaluation of current interprofessional care at those existing clinics with a component for key improvement intervention. The study aims include evaluating both the course’s effectiveness and quality in increasing student preparedness for interprofessional practice and its ability to enhance collaboration between health professions at two area clinics. Methods of evaluation include the Interprofessional Collaborative Competency Attainment Survey (ICCAS) instrument, pre- and post- course surveys, and course evaluation survey. The results show that students felt their knowledge and skills increased across the four IPEC core competency domains: interprofessional communication, values and ethics, roles and responsibilities, and team and teamwork. We suggest that using an integrated course framework is an effective measure in enhancing interprofessional education (IPE) outcomes.     

The untapped potential of behaviour analysis and interprofessional care

ABSTRACT

Interprofessional collaboration has become a sought-after component of quality mental health care. Higher education institutions and mental health organizations seek to equip clinicians with the ability to provide cohesive clinical services while working collaboratively with a diverse group of professionals. Although research suggests that there may be benefits of interprofessional collaboration in mental health settings, collaborative practice initiatives have struggled with conceptual and methodological limitations. A behaviour analytic contribution to interprofessional care provides a philosophical position with an analytical goal distinguished by the prediction and influence of events, theoretical clarity, and methodological rigour that are needed within interprofessional research and practice. At the philosophical level, the extension of functional contextualism to interprofessional care research may provide a framework to achieve the valued ends of improving interprofessional collaboration and ultimately improving health-related outcomes for service users. Interprofessional collaboration can be conceptualized as metacontingency, a behaviour analytic concept that allows for a group level analysis of contributing social components. This paper uses the example of mental health care to guide a conceptual analysis of the potential application of behaviour analytic methodology within interprofessional practice, research, and education.     

Developing interprofessional communication skills

Interprofessional collaboration is a key component to patient safety and health profession education. This article will describe the development and implementation of a pilot educational teaching/learning simulation exercise designed to promote teamwork and collaboration between medical students and nursing students. This pilot simulation was an effective and well-received educational intervention. This is a beginning step toward the development of a culture that fosters interprofessional teamwork throughout health care.     

Interprofessional education in practice: Evaluation of a work integrated aged care program

Health professional clinical education is commonly conducted in single discipline modes, thus limiting student collaboration skills. Aged care residential facilities, due to the chronic and complex health care needs of residents, provide an ideal placement to provide a collaborative experience. Interprofessional education is widely acknowledged as the pedagogical framework through which to facilitate collaboration. The aim of the evaluation was to assess student attitudes towards collaboration after active involvement in an interprofessional education program. Students studying nursing, occupational therapy, and aged care were invited to complete a version of the Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Scale before and after participating in a three-week pilot interprofessional program. A positive change in student attitudes towards other health professionals and the importance of working in interprofessional teams was reported with significant differences between two statements indicated: Learning with health-care students before qualifications would improve relationships after qualifications; and I learned a lot from the students from the other disciplines. The innovative pilot project was found to enhance student learning in interprofessional teams and the aged care environment. Further development of this and similar interprofessional programs is required to develop sustainable student projects that have health benefits for residents in aged care residential facilities.     

A team approach to an undergraduate interprofessional communication course

Interprofessional communication is a team-taught upper-level undergraduate course for Nursing and Health Sciences students. In addition to teaching fundamental communication skills, this course weaves interprofessional competencies into weekly learning activities and assignments. The utilization of the principles and practices of team-based learning in the classroom enhances the attainment and practice of communication and interprofessional collaboration skills. Lessons learned from conducting informal course evaluations and delivering the course multiple times are presented.