Correction of scoliosis by three—dimensional instrumentation

AIM:To observe the clinical effects of three-dimensional instrumentation in the correction of frontal,sagittal and axial plane deformity of scoliosis.METHODS:From June 1996 to June 2001,52 cases of scoliosis were corrected with three-dimensional instrumentation.Among them,36cases were treated with CD system,5 cases were treated with TSRH,6 cases were treated with China Greatwall and 5 cases were treated with Scofix.RESULTS:All the patients were followed-up for an average of 2 years(ranging from 1 to 4 years).The averaged frontal curve was 25.5&;#176;（ranging from 10&;#176; to 46&;#176;),the average correction rate was 63.6%.The average sagittal curve was 27&;#176;(ranging from 20&;#176; to 35&;#176;).CONCLUSION:Three-dimensional instrumentation is effective in three-dimensional correction and is an excellent tool for scoliosis correction.The fixation isreliable and the complications rarely occurred.     

CT diagnosis of abnormal transparent septum in clinical meaning

AIM:Abnormal transparent septum is common in clinical works but little in meaning,so some CT reports are not listed.We collected complete abnormal transparent septum cases to perform comparison analysis between CT diagnosis and clinical data.METHODSL:109 abnormal transparent septum diagnosed by CT was compared with symptom of clinics,Axis scanning and no enhanced scanning were used in CT and 2 doctors in charge of sample collection.The 109 cases were excluded with abnormal transparent septum induced by secondary local cerebral strophy and secondary penforation deformity.RESULTS:There were 15 cases with the fifth ventricle of cerebrum and 22 cases with the fifth and sixth ventricle of cerebrums,10 cases with transparent septum cyst,28 cases with translocation of transparent septum,8 cases with no crack in the forebrain,6 cases with poor development of keratoma and 20 cases of other deformity.CONCLUSION:A bnormal transparent septum cannot be omitted and should be clearly diagnosed by CT.     

The treatment of spastic cerebral palsy by side—to—side neurorrhaphy of perpheral nerves

Objective :To discuss a new method and its mechanism for the treatment of spastic cerebral palsy.Methods:6 case were treated.The injurious nerve trunk was kept abreast of neithbor donor nerve at suitable segement,the epineurium and fascicu of two neighboring area were incised to appear nerve fibers,then side-to-side anastomosed each other through the epineurium and fascicu.Result All cases were followed-up for 4-15 months.The spastic limb and deformity of all cases have obvious relieve,5 cases had no spasm without extra stimulation and have the main function recovered,Conclusion Side-to-side neruorrhaphy is a new method to treat spastic cerebral palsy ,After operation,the spatstic muscle could obtain normal never control,thereby,the cervical orientation area was changed.     

Operwative treatment and postoperative rehabilitation of displaced intra—articular fractures of calcaneus

Background:Fracture of calcaneus often leads to pain,deformity,function of foot is impaired and even permanent function impairments are left.Many divergence existed in treatment of severe intra-articular fracture existed.but with the development of pedal surgery and deep study of biomechanics anatomy,especially building of BO theory,the therapeutic programs have become clearer.Objective:To discuss and sum up the exprerience for operative treatment and postoperative rehabiliatation of displaced intra-articular fractures of the calcaneus.Unit:Baogang Hospital Shanghai Second Medical University.Subjects:42 cases of displaced intra-articular fracture of calcaneus were investigated including 40 males and 2 females aged 21-62(mean:36.6)years old,among which were 29 cases of unilateral fracture of calcaneus and 13 cases of bilateral fracture of calcaneus.Closed reduction were adopted in 12 calcaneus(these were not included in this study).In 43 cacaneus treated by surgery,29 calcaneus underwent open reduction and bone grafting,and relaining fixation,14 calcaneus underwent open reduction and bone grafting and internal fixation with Kirshner wire.     

弥可宝对肘管综合征致肘、腕、环指功能障碍恢复的作用

1 Subject and method 1.1 Subject 60 cases of middle and severe cubital tunnel syndrome from 1992 to 2000 were divided into three groups randomly: Group A was the Mikebao group: 20 cases including 17 male cases and 3 female cases, their ages were from 22～ 45 with the average one as 25; Group B was the vitamin B12 group: 19 cases including 17 male cases and 2 female cases, their ages were from 24～ 50 with the average one as 27; Group C was the control group: 21 cases including 19 male cases and 2 female cases, their ages were from 23～ 60 with the average one as 26. all the patients were sick at single sides, 42 cases were on the right side and 18 cases were on the left side. Causes: 15 cases were with elbow injury history and limited elbow movement, others were of no obvious causes. Courses: 5～ 72 months with the average one as 15 months. Clinical manifestation and signs: 49 cases were with elbow sour and swelling, 58 cases were with adductor pollicis muscle atrophy and 54 cases were with claw hand.Electromyography examination: ulnar nerve movement of the 60 cases at the elbows were obviously slow and CMAP (compound muscle active potential) latent periods were prolonged. All the Tinel sign of ulnar nerves were positive, one cases was with muscle paralysis and partial functional disorder at the median nerve domain, it was proven to be CTS after operation.     

Microskin graft on contracture deformity of scar after extensive deep burn

Background:Contracture deformity of scar in late stage of extensive deep burn often neded repeated surgical platics and no fitful auto-skin of lacking were the common problems in clinic.Objective:To explore the effects of microskin graft on contracture deformity of scar after extensive deep burn.Unit:150th Hospital of PLA.Subjects:7 cases,23 locations of contracutre of scar were investigated including 3 males and 4 females,aged 14-46(mean:30)years old.Burn area was 76%-96% TBSA,with deep second degress over 65% and third degree over 90%. Operation regions:neck region,3 locatons,auxillary region,6 locations,elbow region,5 locations.wrist region,2 locations,popliteal fossa region,7 locations.Surgical opportunity:5 months-3 years after healing of wound surface.Source of heterogenous skin:Preserved with liquid nitrogen ,1 case:Fresh heterogenous skin,2 cases;From directly-related families,4 cases.Intervention:Adhesion was relaxed completely from contracture region to deep fascia at articular regions of limbs to achieve maximal degree of flexing and extending with no tension at edges of incision.If contracture of muscle and tendon affecting extending of joints was observed,muscle tendon might be pro longed.Exposing muscle tendon,nerve,vessels might be covered with peripheral tissues.Scars at neck,auxillary region must be removed or relaxed completely to restore function to normal or near to normal.Hemostasis must be complete.According to the ration of areas of providing and accepted skin,1 tp 6-8,intermediate thickness auto-skin was incised with rolling dermatome and clipped into 1 mm^2 of microskin that was sprinkled evenly on fitfully clipped heteropenous dermis.Heterogenous skin with mincroskin was grafted on wound surface,sutured,fixed and bandaged compressively with thick dressing.Neck,madnible,and auxillary region were bandaged with packaged and compressively and fixed with plaster support.After healing of graft wound surface,locak region must be compressed with elastic cover for 6-8 months and function exercises were taken to prevent hypertrophy of scar and second contracture.Resulty:Dressings were changed 7-8 days after operation,auto-skin was observed good,black blotch appeared in part of au toskin at about 3 weeks,fused into flat and sepaated.Auto-skin existed for a longer time and separated successively until wound surface was covereb by microskin in 16 locations,residual wound surface after heterogenous skin seperated in 7 locations healed after dressing was changed.After 1-3 years of follow-up,grafted skin was neat with mild scar,smooth surface and articular moving function and apperance were satisfying thwat was familiar to the effects of free lafge skin graft.Conclusiong:Microskin graft on deformity of joint and functional part was an effective method.     

The life-saving emergency thoracic endovascular aorta repair management on suspected aortoesophageal foreign body injury

BACKGROUND:Fatal aortic rupture caused by esophageal foreign body(EFB),is associated with a high mortality,but can be prevented by thoracic endovascular aorta repair(TEVAR)that performed increasingly as technology improves.This study aims to investigate the cause,management and prognosis of suspected penetrating aortoesophageal foreign body injury.METHODS:Twelve cases who met the criteria were enrolled in this study.The demographic and clinical data were reviewed for evaluating the characteristics of EFB.RESULTS:Among 12 cases enrolled,7 were males and 5 were females,with an age 27–86 years.The distance of EFB from aorta(DFA)of 7 cases were less than or equal to 0 mm,5 cases were 0–2 mm.Eleven cases were managed with TEVAR,only one case was with open surgery standby but finally treated by flexible endoscopy(FE)successfully,without TEVAR.In group with TEVAR,EFB of 7 cases were successfully removed by rigid endoscopy(RE),and one of them was failed at the first RE treatment.EFB of 2 cases were successfully removed by open surgery with TEVAR,and other 9 cases were managed by endoscopies with TEVAR.The mean length of stay of hospitalization(LOS)and length of ICU stay of patients treated by open surgery with TEVAR(18.50±2.12 days and 5.50±0.71 days)was significantly longer than those of patients treated by endoscopy with TEVAR(7.00±2.74 days and 1.33±1.12 days,P<0.001 and P=0.001,respectively).Five cases had severe complications.CONCLUSION:Rational application of TEVAR can be a life-saving management for aortoesophageal foreign body injury,and jointed with endoscopy is safe and effective with a shorter length of ICU or total hospital stay.     

脑循环功能治疗仪对面神经麻痹的康复疗效

1 Subjects and methods 1.1 Subjects All the 121 patients were in patient patients of department of neurology of our hospital, including 74 males and 47 females,< 40 years old: 4 cases,41～ 50 years old:15 cases,51～ 60 years old:45 cases,61～ 70 years old: 32 cases,71～ 80 years old: 4 cases,>81 years old:2 cases,average age was 63.1.All the patients received cerebral CT or MRI scan.There were 37 cerebral hemorrhage cases and 84 cerebral infarction cases.Subcortical region:90 cases (basal ganglia region:81 cases,brain stem:6 cases, cerebellum:3 cases).Single lesion: 86 cases and multiple cases 35 cases.72 cases were concomitant with hypertension,5 cases were concomitant with coronary heart disease.Intellect and cadre:47 cases,worker:28 cases,home working:19 cases, farmer:18 cases and other:9 cases.In these 121 cases,there were 54 cases concomitant with depression.     

淋巴结细针穿刺标本的流式细胞术分析

Objective Comparative evaluation of flow cytometric immunophenotyping in the diagnosis and differentiation of lymphadenopathy,lymphoma and reactive lymphoid hyperplasia. Methods Ninty-nine fine-needle aspiration specimens from patients with tentative clinical lymphoprofierative disorders were consecutively analyzed by both cytology and flow cytometry with histology results as the gold standard. The three color antibodies including CD3,CD3,CD4,CD5,CD10,CD19,CD20,CD23,CD45,K,λ,FMC7 and CD34 were used for cell composition evaluation and cells with abnormal phenotype. Lymphoma cases were classified according to new WHO classification and subtypes were categorized by immunophenotypic analysis. The results from flow cytometry and cytology were compared. Results By cytological study, 40 of 99 cases were diagnosed with lymphoma, 29 cases were diagnosed with metastatic carcinoma, and 30 cases were diagnosed with reactive lymphoid hyperplasia, necrosis or tuberculosis. Among them, 2 non-Hodgkin lymphoma(NHL) cases were misdiagnosed as reactive lymphoid hyperplasia by cytology. Biopsy was performed in 18 cases of NHL including 16 B-NHL and 2 T-NHL By flow cytometry study, 35 of 99 eases were diagnosed with lymphoma, including 4 cases of lymphoblast lymphoma, 1 case of T-cell lymphoma, and 30 eases of other B-NHL For those 30 cases of B-NHL, 28 cases showed monoclonal light chain expression, and k: λ orλ: k atios exceed 3: 1, and B-cell proportion was (73. 2±27. 2)%. Twenty-six cases could be sub-classified by immunophenotyped. Among 16 histologically confirmed B-NHL cases, only 2 cases diagnosed with follicular lymphoma showed discrepancy with flow cytometry results. In all cases diagnosed with reactive lymphoid hyperplasia and metastasis carcinoma , no abnormal lymphocytes can be found, and k: λ or k: λ ratios were less than 3: 1. Conclusions Fine-needle aspiration analysis with flow eytometrie immunophenotyping can be helpful in diagnosis and differential diagnosis as well as sub-classification of NHL     

淋巴结细针穿刺标本的流式细胞术分析

Objective Comparative evaluation of flow cytometric immunophenotyping in the diagnosis and differentiation of lymphadenopathy,lymphoma and reactive lymphoid hyperplasia. Methods Ninty-nine fine-needle aspiration specimens from patients with tentative clinical lymphoprofierative disorders were consecutively analyzed by both cytology and flow cytometry with histology results as the gold standard. The three color antibodies including CD3,CD3,CD4,CD5,CD10,CD19,CD20,CD23,CD45,K,λ,FMC7 and CD34 were used for cell composition evaluation and cells with abnormal phenotype. Lymphoma cases were classified according to new WHO classification and subtypes were categorized by immunophenotypic analysis. The results from flow cytometry and cytology were compared. Results By cytological study, 40 of 99 cases were diagnosed with lymphoma, 29 cases were diagnosed with metastatic carcinoma, and 30 cases were diagnosed with reactive lymphoid hyperplasia, necrosis or tuberculosis. Among them, 2 non-Hodgkin lymphoma(NHL) cases were misdiagnosed as reactive lymphoid hyperplasia by cytology. Biopsy was performed in 18 cases of NHL including 16 B-NHL and 2 T-NHL By flow cytometry study, 35 of 99 eases were diagnosed with lymphoma, including 4 cases of lymphoblast lymphoma, 1 case of T-cell lymphoma, and 30 eases of other B-NHL For those 30 cases of B-NHL, 28 cases showed monoclonal light chain expression, and k: λ orλ: k atios exceed 3: 1, and B-cell proportion was (73. 2±27. 2)%. Twenty-six cases could be sub-classified by immunophenotyped. Among 16 histologically confirmed B-NHL cases, only 2 cases diagnosed with follicular lymphoma showed discrepancy with flow cytometry results. In all cases diagnosed with reactive lymphoid hyperplasia and metastasis carcinoma , no abnormal lymphocytes can be found, and k: λ or k: λ ratios were less than 3: 1. Conclusions Fine-needle aspiration analysis with flow eytometrie immunophenotyping can be helpful in diagnosis and differential diagnosis as well as sub-classification of NHL     

下肢全长负重位X线检查在膝关节炎内外翻畸形中的临床价值

目的:探讨膝关节炎患者下肢全长负重位X线片对膝内、外翻畸形诊断的临床价值。方法:选取32例临床诊断为膝关节炎51膝分别拍摄下肢全长负重X线片,测量下肢力线和机械轴偏距(mechanical axis offset distance,MAD),解剖学股胫骨角(anatomical femor-tibial angle,aFTA),股骨远端力学外侧角(mechanical lateral distal femoral angle,mLDFA),胫骨近端力学内侧角(mechanical medial proximal tibial angle,mMPTA),对图像数据进行分析,对膝关节炎进行X线K/L分级,通过SPSS 17.0统计对下肢力线各参数与关节炎的相关性进行分析。结果:①膝关节下肢全长负重位X线片显示,关节有不同程度骨质增生,关节间隙变窄。②51膝骨关节炎中确诊膝内翻畸形38膝(74.51.%)和膝外翻畸形8膝(10.42%),5膝均无内外翻畸形。③膝关节炎X线K/L分级显示,0级:5膝(9.8%),I级:12膝(23.5%),II级:22膝(43.1%);III级:9膝(17.6%);IV级:3膝(59%)。④膝内翻组中股骨内翻7膝(18.42%),胫骨内翻18膝(47.36%),股骨、胫骨均内翻13膝(34.21%);膝外翻组中股骨外翻6膝,股骨、胫骨均外翻2膝。⑤在膝内翻组中,aFTA与骨关节炎X线K/L分级呈正相关(B值=0.132,t=2.648,P=0.012,P<0.05)。结论:下肢全长负重X线显示下肢结构清晰、完整,通过测量下肢力线参数评估,可全面诊断膝关节炎的内翻畸形或外翻畸形,膝内翻中以胫骨内翻显著,膝外翻中则以股骨外翻显著。因此,膝关节骨性关节炎的下肢全长负重X线检查具有较高的临床价值。     

马德隆氏畸形的X线诊俐（附2例报告并文献复习）

目的提高对马德隆氏畸形X线表现的认识。方法回顾性分析我院收治的2例和国内相关文献报道的16例马德隆氏畸形患者的临床资料和X线平片。结果18例中，男5例，女13例，年龄3—32岁，平均12．6岁，有家族史7例，双侧发病13例，占72％；合并骨软骨瘤4例。其X线表现为：①桡骨下端内侧1，3发育不良；②桡腕关节面角度变小；③月骨向桡侧半脱位；④尺骨下端向后脱位；⑤远侧尺桡关节间隙增宽。结论马德隆氏畸形具有典型X线表现，可为临床诊断、治疗提供详细、可靠的客观资料。     

距下松解术治疗复发性小儿马蹄内翻足畸形

探讨治疗复发性马蹄内翻足畸形的手术方法。方法 :距下松解术治疗复发性马蹄内翻足畸形 12例 2 0足。其中男 10例 ( 18只足 ) ,女 2例 ( 2只足 ) ,年龄 13～ 41月 ,平均 2 0月 ;复发时间 4～ 16月 ,平均 9月。结果 :畸形纠正优良 (足形态正常或前足轻度内收 ,踝关节活动好 )为 19只足 ,占 95 % ,可 (足跟部有较明显内翻 ) :1只足占 5 %。结论 :距下松解术治疗复发性马蹄内翻足畸形疗效可靠 ,畸形可得到较好纠正。     

磁性矫正器治疗槌状指畸形的实验研究

目的:探讨槌状指畸形磁性矫正器治疗槌状指畸形的可行性。方法:将新鲜尸体手指标本植入相应大小的永磁铁钉,观察其伸指和屈指效果,分析此方法治疗槌状指畸形的可行性。结果:5例手指标本剔除皮肤、筋膜等软组织,保留手指伸、屈指肌腱,置入永磁铁钉后,根据Dargan功能评定法评定手指关节功能:优3例,良1例,可1例,差0例,优良率为80%。15例手指标本在保留所有组织后,模拟临床进行手术,采用掌侧入路植入相应大小的永磁铁钉,根据Dargan功能评定法评定术后患指关节功能:优10例,良4例,可0例,差1例,评分优良率为93.3%。所有标本术后的屈指活动范围与术前无区别。结论:槌状指畸形磁性矫正器治疗槌状指畸形具有可行性。     

Macronodular deformity of the spleen

Background and methods: Macronodular splenic deformity without a focal lesion has rarely been reported. We present three such cases and discuss the possible pathomechanism. Results: There was one case of macronodular deformity of unknown cause. In this case, the liver was elongated anteriorly over the dome of the spleen, and the markedly deformed spleen mimicked a round lesion in the left lobe of the liver. Color Doppler ultrasonography showed the major intra- and perisplenic vessels to be patent. There were two cases of macronodular deformity associated with extended portal thrombosis. In both cases, portal thrombosis extended throughout the intrahepatic and extrahepatic portal systems, and this portal flow disturbance was presumed to be the cause of the splenic deformity. Conclusion: Although very rare, thrombosis should be sought throughout the portal system when ultrasonography shows a markedly deformed spleen. Marked splenic deformity, especially in cases with an elongated liver, may mimic a liver tumor. A good understanding of its sonographic appearance may help sonographers prevent a hazardous misdiagnosis. Received: 7 August 2000/Accepted: 6 September 2000     

小儿脑瘫髋内旋畸形的手术治疗及康复

为矫正臂中小股痉挛性髋内旋畸形,对８例脑瘫髓内旋畸形患儿共１１髋采用Ｓｔｅｅｌ的手术方式 ,即将臂中小肌的止点由大转子前移至股骨近端的转子间线之下,使其功能由髋内旋转变髓外旋,从而改善步态,使下肢在行走时接近中立位或轻度外翻位。     

多切面连续超声筛查法诊断胎儿颜面部畸形的临床应用

目的：分析部分胎儿颜面部畸形产前超声显示率偏低的原因及多平面连续超声扫查法在显示胎儿颜面部畸形的应用价值。方法：将9240例产前超声筛查的孕妇分为两组：常规超声筛查组4445例,对胎儿冠状切面、双眼眶横切面进行观察;多切面连续超声筛查组4795例,对胎儿颜面部进行系统扫查,侧动探头,连续扫查,加用弧形扫查法,观察胎儿鼻骨、晶状体、眼眶、牙槽突、腭、上下唇、嘴角、双耳。发现可疑畸形时加用三维成像并确定胎儿颜面部有无异常,并对两组胎儿颜面部异常检出率进行比较。结果：两组9240例胎儿产后或引产后证实胎儿颜面部畸形31例,40处畸形,颜面部畸形发生率为0.34%(31/9240),其中常规超声筛查组颜面部畸形14例(0.31%,14/4445),多切面连续超声筛查组颜面部畸形17例(0.35%,17/4795)。两组胎儿颜面部畸形发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。常规超声筛查组产前超声显示颜面部畸形5例(35.7%,5/14),多切面连续超声筛查组产前超声显示颜面部畸形14例(82.4%,14/17),两组胎儿颜面部畸形产前超声显示率比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01)。结论：胎儿颜面部畸形种类多,形成原因复杂,受胎儿姿势、孕妇腹壁厚度、羊水量多少影响,产前超声不易观察到耳部、腭部、面裂畸形,显示率偏低。颜面部畸形的最佳时机18-24周。多切面连续超声筛查观察胎儿颜面部,可较为系统观察,有助于胎儿颜面部畸形的检出。     

高频超声显像诊断婴幼儿先天性输尿管畸形

目的 探讨高频超声显像诊断婴幼儿先天性输尿管畸形的应用价值.方法 应用高频超声探头对3460例年龄2个月～3岁,无明确排尿异常症状的婴幼儿泌尿系统进行普查.结果 共检出先天性输尿管畸形8例,其中输尿管狭窄4例,输尿管囊肿2例,重复输尿管合并输尿管开口异位2例,所有病例均经CT检查证实.结论 高频超声对于诊断婴幼儿先天性输尿管畸形具有较高的应用价值.     

左旋心及合并畸形彩色多普勒超声心动图特征和规律性研究

目的：探寻左旋心及合并畸形彩色多普勒超声心动图（CDE）特征和规律性。方法：应用CDE检查52例左旋心及合并畸形,寻找左旋心及合并畸形CDE特征和规律性,所有病例均经心血管造影对照,34例经手术证实。结果：根据CDE特征对48例做出正确诊断,诊断准确率92.3%。本组左旋心及合并畸形CDE特征和规律性明显：①左旋心合并8种复杂先天性心脏病,其中矫正性大动脉转位（34.6%）多见,两腔心（19.2%）、心室双入口（15.4%）、右心室双出口（13.5%）和二尖瓣闭锁（11.6%）少见,三尖瓣闭锁、完全性大动脉转位和永存动脉干（各1.9%）罕见。②在每种复杂先天性心脏病中,又合并多种先天性心脏病,其中大动脉转位（98.1%）、肺动脉狭窄（88.5%）、室间隔缺损（60.0%）、房间隔缺损（38.5%）、动脉导管未闭（7.7%）。③合并肺动脉狭窄,彩色多普勒血流显像显示过肺动脉五彩镶嵌射流束血流信号明显;合并室间隔缺损、房间隔缺损和动脉导管未闭彩色多普勒血流显像显示分流束血流信号不明显。④所有左旋心无论合并哪种复杂先天性心脏病,CDE共同特征为心房反位。结论：左旋心及合并畸形CDE特征和规律性明显,应用CDE可对左旋心及合并畸形做出正确诊断,但检查者必须熟练掌握病理解剖,在检查前阅读X线正位胸片对CDE明确诊断有帮助,并可提高检查效率。     

连续顺序追踪超声法在胎儿肢体畸形诊断中的应用及漏诊分析

目的总结胎儿肢体畸形的超声声像图特征,并对超声漏诊的肢体畸形声像图进行分析。方法采用连续顺序追踪超声检测法对15246例胎儿行常规二维或三维超声系统筛查,观察胎儿肢体发育情况,有无姿势异常及伴发其他器官畸形,并与引产胎儿外观检查、X线检查结果进行对照分析,总结漏诊病例超声声像图特征。结果 15246例孕妇产前超声诊断胎儿畸形123例(0.8%,123/15246),其中胎儿肢体畸形38例,共9种畸形:(1)四肢短小畸形11例,其中成骨不全1例、骨发育不全2例、致死性侏儒1例、单纯四肢短小畸形7例。(2)足内翻8例,产前超声漏诊1例;(3)桡骨缺如及桡骨发育不全7例;(4)长骨缺如4例;(5)肢体远端手缺如1例;(6)多指2例,漏诊3例;(7)重叠指2例;(8)并指2例,漏诊1例;(9)人体鱼序列征1例。引产胎儿标本外观检查及胎儿标本X线检查(10例染色体检查)证实胎儿肢体畸形43例(35.0%,43/23)。5例漏诊胎儿(11.6%,5/43)中3例多指、1例并指、1例足内翻。43例肢体畸形胎儿中23例(53.5%,23/43)为单纯肢体畸形,20例(46.5%,20/43)合并1种或多种其他部位异常(神经、循环、消化、泌尿、骨骼系统畸形),以神经系统异常(35.0%,7/20)和心脏发育异常(30.0%,6/20)居多。10例胎儿行染色体核型分析,7例染色体正常,3例染色体异常(30.0%,3/10):1例并指畸形胎儿为13-三体,2例重叠指畸形胎儿均为18-三体)。结论胎儿肢体畸形超声声像图特征明显,应用连续顺序追踪超声检测法辅以三维成像检查可提高胎儿肢体畸形检出率;胎儿肢体畸形常与其他器官畸形伴发,部分胎儿畸形与染色体异常有一定关联性。