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1.
目的:探讨输尿管镜下钬激光治疗输尿管结石的有效性、安全性。方法:采用输尿管镜钬激光碎石术治疗输尿管结石108例,其中结石直径≥1 cm 75例,〈1 cm 33例。输尿管结石远端狭窄7例,远端息肉形成10例,结石局部炎性粘连包裹9例。结果:其中102例输尿管结石被1次性击碎,6例输尿管上段结石因术中结石被液压泵冲洗至肾盂内,需2次行体外冲击波碎石治疗。输尿管穿孔5例,经留置双J管后痊愈。结论:输尿管镜下钬激光治疗输尿管中下段结石及合并输尿管息肉、狭窄时,疗效确切、安全、微创。  相似文献   

2.
目的 探讨复杂性输尿管结石患者经钬激光腔内治疗结合体外冲击波(ESWL)治疗的有效性及安全性.方法 回顾性分析2003年3月~2008年1月收治的输尿管镜钬激光结合体外冲击波治疗复杂性输尿管结石126例患者的临床资料.126例均伴有患侧不同程度的肾盂积水,其中38例合并结石远端输尿管狭窄,4例为独肾合并输尿管结石,12例为双侧输尿管结石,57例合并有息肉或肉芽组织包裹,37例为ESWL治疗失败后.结果 126例中112例1次手术碎石取石成功,单次手术结石取尽率达88.9%.6例结石远端输尿管狭窄留置支架管3~d后再行输尿管镜下碎石取石成功;7例结石远端输尿管狭窄留置支架管,术后再行ESWL治疗,结石排尽.钬激光腔内治疗结合体外冲击波总成功率99.2%.1例进镜时输尿管穿孔改为开放手术.结论 输尿管镜钬激光碎石术结合体外冲击波碎石治疗复杂性输尿管结石安全、有效.  相似文献   

3.
输尿管镜下钬激光碎石术治疗输尿管结石314例分析   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
目的 探讨输尿管镜下钬激光碎石术治疗输尿管结石的有效性和安全性.方法 回顾性分析314例应用硬性输尿管镜和钬激光碎石术治疗的输尿管结石患者资料,其中,输尿管上段结石37例,中段102例,下段175例.结石最大径0.6~2.8 cm,平均1.4 cm.术后放置双J管2~4周.术后4~6周复查计算各自结石排净率(排净例数/例数)和肾积水情况.结果 310例顺利完成手术,3例输尿管穿孔,1例输尿管断裂患者改开放手术;输尿管上、中和下段结石的排净率分别为90%(36/40)、92%(94/102)和95%(164/172);肾盂积水由术前(3.5±0.8)cm降至(1.5±0.5)cm(P<0.01),无输尿管狭窄发生.结论 输尿管镜下钬激光碎石术治疗输尿管结石疗效好、安全,可作为输尿管结石特别是中下段结石首选的治疗方法.  相似文献   

4.
目的 探讨经输尿管硬镜联合钬激光腔内治疗输尿管结石的有效性及安全性。方法回顾性分析2003年12月-2005年5月收治的经输尿管镜钬激光治疗输尿管结石267例的临床资料。其中107例伴有患侧轻~中度肾盂积水,66例同时合并结石远端输尿管狭窄,79例合并有息肉或肉芽组织包裹,71例为体外冲击波碎石(ESWL)治疗失败后。结果 267例中243例单次手术碎石成功,单次手术结石粉碎率达91.0%(243/267),22例结石在钬激光碎石过程中移位于肾盏,术后再行ESWL治疗;1例进镜时输尿管穿孔,1例术中退镜时输尿管黏膜撕脱改为开放手术。结论输尿管硬镜联合钬激光碎石术治疗输尿管结石安全、有效,尤其适用于体外冲击波碎石效果不佳的患者。  相似文献   

5.
目的 探讨输尿管镜钬激光碎石术治疗嵌顿性输尿管结石的疗效及安全性.方法 回顾性分析2007年8月~2009年6月收治的经输尿管镜钬激光治疗嵌顿性输尿管结石56例的临床资料.56例均伴有患侧肾孟积水,其中9例合并结石远端输尿管狭窄,31例合并有息肉或肉芽组织包裹,16例为体外冲击波碎石治疗失败后.结果 中、下段结石42例均1次完全粉碎,术后2周复查,碎石排净率100%.上段结石14例,12例1次粉碎,术后2周复查,碎石排净率86%,2例部分结石碎片上移至肾盂,保留双J管经1次体外冲击波碎石后,结石排净.56例随访3~10个月,肾积水均明显减轻.结论 输尿管镜钬激光碎石术治疗嵌顿性输尿管结石疗效确切,安全性高,侵袭性小,是处理输尿管嵌顿结石,尤其是中、下段输尿管嵌顿结石的一种有效微创手段.  相似文献   

6.
经尿道与经皮肾钬激光治疗嵌顿性输尿管结石并息肉   总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1  
目的 报告经尿道和经皮肾途径输尿管镜下钬激光治疗输尿管嵌顿性结石并输尿管息肉的经验与疗效.方法 2000年8月~2006年9月应用输尿管镜钬激光碎石息肉消融术经尿道和经皮肾途径治疗69例嵌顿性输尿管结石并息肉.术后4~6周拔除输尿管内支架管,术后3~6个月泌尿系B超和/或静脉肾盂造影对术后情况进行复查和随访.结果 47例行经尿道输尿管镜钬激光碎石息肉消融术治疗,其中38例一期手术获得成功,术中因输尿管穿孔改开放手术2例,4例输尿管上段结石因输尿管扭曲输尿管镜无法到达输尿管梗阻部位,改经皮肾途径手术成功,3例术后尿路造影提示病变处输尿管碎石颗粒聚积,二期经尿道输尿管镜钬激光治疗后治愈;经皮肾输尿管镜钬激光碎石息肉消融术治疗22例,均一期手术获得成功.术后随访患肾积水均有改善,患侧输尿管引流正常,未发生输尿管狭窄和息肉复发.结论 经尿道和经皮肾输尿管镜下钬激光碎石息肉消融术治疗嵌顿性输尿管结石并息肉是一种可靠而有效的方法;处理合并输尿管上段包裹性息肉时,经皮肾途径无论是在操作安全性和结石取净率上较经尿道途径更为优越.  相似文献   

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目的 探讨输尿管镜钬激光碎石术治疗输尿管结石临床疗效.方法 回顾分析该院2009年9月~2011年1月接受输尿管镜钬激光碎石术治疗输尿管结石的120例患者临床资料.结石直径0.5 cm×0.4 cm~2.0cm×1.8 cm,平均1.2 cm×1.0 cm.结果 3例中转开放手术处理,117例手术顺利并随访1~18个月,术中发现输尿管息内23例,输尿管狭窄2例,手术时间15~135min,平均43.5 mm.108例一次碎石后结石全部排净(90.8%).结论 输尿管镜钬激光碎石术治疗输尿管结石,具有安全、并发症少、疗效确切等优点.  相似文献   

8.
输尿管镜下钬激光碎石术治疗输尿管结石(附96例报告)   总被引:15,自引:2,他引:13  
目的探讨经输尿管硬镜钬激光治疗输尿管结石的有效性及安全性。方法回顾性分析96例应用砸出嗡尿管镜钬激光治疗的输尿管结石患者资料(男性57例,女性39例;平均年龄41岁)。输尿管上段结石36例,中段结石24例,下段结石36例。结石直径0.5~2.5cm,平均1.1cm。结果单次碎石成功率为94.7%(91/96),其中上段结石单次手术碎石成率达90%(32/36),其中3例因术中结石移位入肾盂,留置双J管后行ESWL治疗,1例因结石下方输尿管扭曲改行开放手术。输尿管中下段结石一次碎石成功率为为98%(59/60)。一例因输尿管狭窄改行开放手术。平均手术时间38min,术中未发生输尿管穿孔、黏膜撕脱等并发症。91例术后平均住院时间3.2d。术后随访3周~2个月,结石排净率98%(89/91)。结论输尿管镜钬激光碎石术是一种治疗输尿管结石安全、高效的方法。  相似文献   

9.
目的 探讨经皮肾镜钬激光碎石术治疗肾盂及输尿管上段结石的效果与安全性.方法 选择肾盂及输尿管上段结石85例,随机分为钬激光碎石术治疗组(钬激光组)41例及气压弹道碎石术治疗组(气压弹道组)44例,比较两组碎石时间、残石率、住院时间及并发症发生率.结果 术中肾盂结石、输尿管上段结石碎石时间钬激光组分别为(15.2±1.5)min、(5.6±1.3)min,气压弹道组分别为(23.6±1.7)min、(9.1±1.2)min,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);钬激光组术后复查肾盂及输尿管残石率(长径以>5 mm计)分别为5.3%、4.5%,气压弹道组分别为13.0%、9.5%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).两组出血量比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),术后均常规留置肾造瘘管及导尿管.结论 钬激光碎石术治疗肾盂及输尿管上段结石效果较好,安全可靠.  相似文献   

10.
目的:探讨腔内钬激光治疗输尿管上段结石合并息肉的效果。方法:采用输尿管镜下钬激光碎石,同时气化、切割息肉38例,术后均放置输尿管支架管4~12周。结果:38例术后症状均好转或消失,3个月后,随访到38例,B超检查肾积水均有不同程度的减轻,其中有24例消失。25例作腹部平片(KUB)及静脉尿路造影(IVU)检查显示结石均消失,输尿管未见狭窄,也未见息肉复发。结论:输尿管镜下钬激光碎石和气化切割息肉是一种治疗输尿管上段结石伴息肉的有效方法。  相似文献   

11.
Objective: To identify patterns of nonfatal and fatal penetrating trauma among children and adults in New Mexico using ED and medical examiner data.
Methods: The authors retrospectively sampled in 5-year intervals all victims of penetrating trauma who presented to either the state Level-1 trauma center or the state medical examiner from a 16-year period (1978–1993). Rates of nonfatal and fatal firearm and stabbing injury were compared for children and adults.
Results: Rates of nonfatal injury were similar (firearm, 34.3 per 100,000 person-years; stabbing, 35.1). However, rates of fatal injury were significantly different (firearm, 21.9; stabbing, 2.7; relative risk: 8.2; 95% confidence interval: 5.4, 12.5). From 1978 to 1993, nonfatal injury rates increased for children (p = 0.0043) and adults (p < 0.0001), while fatal penetrating injury remained constant. The increase in nonfatal injury in children resulted from increased firearm injury rates. In adults, both stabbing and firearm nonfatal injury rates increased.
Conclusions: Nonfatal injury data suggest that nonfatal violence has increased; fatal injury data suggest that violent death rates have remained constant. Injury patterns vary by age, mechanism of trauma, and data source. These results suggest that ED and medical examiner data differ and that both are needed to guide injury prevention programs.  相似文献   

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Three supplementary perspectives are presented arguing that interprofessional collaboration is both necessary and desirable. Nonetheless, there are often too many serious intra-professional barriers and obstacles to interprofessional collaboration to make it successful. Some of these barriers, it is argued and illustrated, are found in the multiple ways in which professional identity is tacitly acquired and embodied in the practitioners' habitual, everyday practice. The paper then explores ways in which reflection, especially Second order reflection, can help to elucidate and overcome these obstacles, as well as increasing professional adaptability and competence.  相似文献   

13.
目的 探讨手转胎头术失败的原因与分娩结局.方法 选择2008年1月至2010年12月于我院住院分娩的持续性枕横位、枕后位产妇198例,根据行手转胎头术后结果分为成功组126例、失败组72例.比较两组分娩结局,对比分析失败原因.结果 失败组胎儿体质量≥3500 g的发生率[76.4%(55/72)]明显高于成功组[31.7%(40/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2=30.177,P=0.001)、失败组宫缩乏力发生率[58.3%(42/72)]高于成功组[38.1% (48/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2=7.569,P=0.006)、失败组骨盆临界或轻度狭窄发生率[38.9% (28/72)]高于成功组[23.8%(30/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2 =5.030,P=0.002)、失败组手转胎头时机不当(宫口开大<6 cm、胎头位于坐骨棘上及宫口开大8~10 cm、胎头位于坐骨棘下≥2 cm)发生率[61.1%(44/72)]高于成功组[38.9%(49/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2=9.084,P=0.003).失败组母儿并发症(产后出血、产褥病率、胎儿窘迫、新生儿窒息)发生率高于成功组(x2 =9.586,P=0.002、x2=9.334,P=0.002、x2=5.910,P=0.015、x2=5.240,P=0.022)、失败组剖宫产发生率[72.2%(52/72)]明显高于成功组[34.1 %(43/126),x2=26.641,P=0.001)].结论 手转胎头术能使难产变顺产,降低剖宫产率,减少母儿并发症,但须积极预防、处理导致手转胎头术失败的原因,对矫正失败后继续矫正及试产应慎重.  相似文献   

14.
ABSTRACT

The Cochrane Library of Systematic Reviews is published quarterly as a DVD and monthly online. The January 2011 issue (first quarterly DVD for 2011) contains 4515 complete reviews, 1985 protocols for reviews in production, and 13,521 one-page summaries of systematic reviews published in the general medical literature. In addition, there are citations of 641,000 randomized controlled trials, and 14,018 cited papers in the Cochrane methodology register. The health technology assessment database contains over 9300 citations. One hundred and seven new reviews have been published in the last 3 months, of which five have potential relevance for practitioners in pain and palliative medicine.  相似文献   

15.
This is a new method for the determination of creatine kinase isoenzyme MB activity in serum. The method uses direct activity measurement of creatine kinase B subunit activity after blocking of CK-M subunit activity by inhibiting antibodies. The test takes no longer than 15 min. The method yields an intra-serial C.V. of 2.0-12.9%, and a C.V. from day to day of 5.5%. The detection limit is 3.4 U/l creatine kinase MB. In the 95 cases with proven myocardial infarction several types of creatine kinase MB activity kinetics could be determined. The percentage of creatine kinase MB of peak CK-total is 6-25%, with a mean of 11.1%. The amount of creatine kinase MB with respect to total CK activity after reinfarction is higher than the amount after initial infarction.  相似文献   

16.
Ranganath C  Heller AS  Wilding EL 《NeuroImage》2007,35(4):1663-1673
Although substantial evidence suggests that the prefrontal cortex (PFC) implements processes that are critical for accurate episodic memory judgments, the specific roles of different PFC subregions remain unclear. Here, we used event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging to distinguish between prefrontal activity related to operations that (1) influence processing of retrieval cues based on current task demands, or (2) are involved in monitoring the outputs of retrieval. Fourteen participants studied auditory words spoken by a male or female speaker and completed memory tests in which the stimuli were unstudied foil words and studied words spoken by either the same speaker at study, or the alternate speaker. On "general" test trials, participants were to determine whether each word was studied, regardless of the voice of the speaker, whereas on "specific" test trials, participants were to additionally distinguish between studied words that were spoken in the same voice or a different voice at study. Thus, on specific test trials, participants were explicitly required to attend to voice information in order to evaluate each test item. Anterior (right BA 10), dorsolateral prefrontal (right BA 46), and inferior frontal (bilateral BA 47/12) regions were more active during specific than during general trials. Activation in anterior and dorsolateral PFC was enhanced during specific test trials even in response to unstudied items, suggesting that activation in these regions was related to the differential processing of retrieval cues in the two tasks. In contrast, differences between specific and general test trials in inferior frontal regions (bilateral BA 47/12) were seen only for studied items, suggesting a role for these regions in post-retrieval monitoring processes. Results from this study are consistent with the idea that different PFC subregions implement distinct, but complementary processes that collectively support accurate episodic memory judgments.  相似文献   

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ZusammenfassungFragestellung Es wurde geprüft, wie sich der Differenziertheitsgrad zweier Schmerzmessmethoden auf Angaben zur Ausgedehntheit klinischer Schmerzen auswirkt. Zugleich wurde der Referenzzeitraum variiert, über den die Patienten berichten sollten.Methode Erfasst wurde der Einfluss zu Lasten der Befragungsdifferenziertheit durch den Vergleich zweier Körperschema-Bildvorlagen. Drei Referenzzeiträume (Schmerz aktuell, letzte Woche, letztes halbes Jahr) wurden vorgegeben.Ergebnisse Patienten mit ausgedehnten Schmerzen gaben bei differenzierter Befragung um so mehr Schmerzen an, je weiter die Schmerzen zurück lagen und je größer der Berichtszeitraum war. Patienten mit gelenknahen Schmerzen gaben bei hoch differenzierter Befragung weniger ausgedehnte Schmerzen in der Vergangenheit an als bei globaler Einschätzung. Patienten mit Rückenschmerzen berichteten bei differenzierter Befragung zum aktuellen Schmerz über weniger ausgedehnte Schmerzen als bei globaler Befragung.Schlussfolgerung Die Angaben zur Schmerzausdehnung variieren vor allem bei Patienten mit ausgedehnten Schmerzen in Abhängigkeit von der Differenziertheit der Befragung. In diesen Fällen ist die Wahrscheinlichkeit erhöht, dass sich die Beschwerdesymptomatik zumindest teilweise erst in der Reaktion auf die situativen Befragungsbedingungen konstituiert und daher nicht auf andere Befragungsbedingungen generalisiert werden kann.  相似文献   

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