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1.
目的测试中文版晚期老年痴呆症疼痛评估量表对老年精神障碍患者疼痛评估的信度和效度。方法使用中文版晚期老年痴呆症疼痛评估量表对79例老年精神科住院患者进行疼痛评估,分析该量表的信度和效度。结果中文版晚期老年痴呆症疼痛评估量表的Cronbach’sα系数为0.748,分半信度为0.610,量表得分与语言描述量表、面部表情疼痛量表评分相关性系数为0.366、0.569,因子分析的贡献率是53.11%,显示具有较好的信度和效度。结论晚期老年痴呆症疼痛评估量表能用于评估老年精神障碍患者的疼痛程度。  相似文献   

2.
目的 测试中文版Doloplus-2量表的信度和效度,确定其应用价值,为我国老年痴呆患者疼痛评估提供有效、简便的工具.方法 翻译国外的Doloplus-2量表,将所形成的中文版量表在广州市海珠区4家社区医院及1家老人院共100名认知能力中、重度受损的老年痴呆患者中应用,评价其信度和效度.结果 中文版Doioplus-2量表Cronbaeh's α系数为0.813,分半信度为0.777,Doloplus-2量表得分与词语描述量表评分有显著相关性,因子分析的贡献率是61.274%,显示具有较好的信度和效度.结论 中文版Doloplus-2量表通过对疼痛行为的观察,能够可靠并有效地评估中、重度老年痴呆患者的疼痛程度,建议采用观察性疼痛评估工具作为标准对照进一步考察量表的稳定性和可靠性,也可以给予止痛药进行前后对照研究,以确定其临床应用价值.  相似文献   

3.
目的比较两种疼痛评估方法在认知障碍疼痛患者中应用的可靠性。方法选取30例认知障碍疼痛患者,对每例患者应用老年痴呆症疼痛评估量表和简易评估尺进行疼痛评估,4~6分为中度疼痛,7~10为重度疼痛,进行自身对照,比较中重度疼痛的比率。结果30例患者的中重度疼痛比率,用老年痴呆症疼痛评估量表评估为70%,用简易评估尺评估为43.3%,经比较,x^2=4.344,P=0.037。结论认知障碍患者疼痛评估用老年痴呆症疼痛评估量表较可靠。  相似文献   

4.
[目的]对安宁疗护评估量表(interRAI-PC)进行汉化,并进行信效度检验。[方法]对英文版interRAI-PC量表进行翻译和跨文化调试,形成中文版interRAI-PC量表。选取广东省广州市和汕头市7所医院晚期癌症病人206例,使用中文版interRAI-PC量表对病人进行调查,评价量表的信度和效度。[结果]中文版interRAI-PC量表各分量表的Cronbach'sα系数为0.323~0.930,折半信度Spearman-Brown系数为0.299~0.921,重测信度为0.928~1.000。各个条目内容效度指数(I-CVI)为0.8~1.0,总量表内容效度指数(S-CVI/Ave)为0.987。中文版interRAI-PC中的日常活动能力维度和改良巴氏指数(MBI)得分呈负相关(r=-0.946,P=0.000),疼痛维度与数字疼痛评估法(NRS)得分呈正相关(r=0.314,P=0.000)。探索性因子分析结果显示,各分量表共提取出19个特征根1的公因子,各分量表的累积方差贡献率均60%。[结论]中文版interRAI-PC量表在晚期癌症病人群体中具有良好的信效度,可以作为我国晚期癌症病人安宁疗护的评估工具。  相似文献   

5.
目的:对灵性态度及参与列表(Spiritual Attitude and Involvement List,SAIL)进行汉化,并在晚期癌症患者中检验信度、效度。方法:对SAIL进行汉化及文化调试,抽取258名晚期癌症患者进行问卷调查,分析中文版SAIL的信度、效度。结果:条目分析结果显示各条目的临界比值差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.001);量表平均内容效度为1.00,探索性因子分析提取6个公因子,累计方差贡献率为64.045%;总量表的Cronbach’s α系数为0.911,其重测信度为0.809。结论:中文版灵性态度及参与列表在晚期癌症患者中应用信度、效度良好,可以用于晚期癌症患者的灵性水平评估及识别。  相似文献   

6.
目的 开发认知障碍疼痛评估量表(PACIE)并检验其效度和信度.方法 参考国外的疼痛评估工具,编制认知障碍疼痛评估量表.分别请疼痛、麻醉、护理方面5位专家进行内容效度的评定并修改,由经过统一培训的评定员对认知障碍老年人的疼痛程度进行评估,并临床检验量表的效度和信度.结果 PACIE包括8个条目,内容效度指数为0.978,经因子分析得到2个公因子,累积解释方差的69.008%.2个公因子归为疼痛客观表现因子和疼痛主观表现因子.PACIE总分与NRS得分具有高度相关性,能正确区分认知障碍疼痛患者与认知障碍无疼痛患者.PACIE评定者间组内相关系数为0.954(95%CI为0.812~0.989),量表总分的Cronbach'α为0.851.结论 PACIE具有良好的信度和效度,指标客观,简单有效,可用于认知障碍老年人的疼痛评估.  相似文献   

7.
沙丽  苏兰若 《护理研究》2007,21(19):1776-1777
[目的]翻译“护理活动评估量表”(NAS),评价其信度、效度及文化相关性,提供一种有效方便的护理工作量评估的中文版问卷。[方法]应用专家小组评定法进行问卷文化相关性、语言一致性及内容效度的评价。对126例重症监护病房(ICU)病人应用问卷对其结构效度进行评价,对其中30例病人进行重测信度评价。[结果]中文版NAS问卷中所有条目均具有较好的文化相关性,其中1个条目重新修订,且具有较好的信度和效度。因子分析显示中文版NAS具有与原英文版量表一致的结构效度。[结论]中文版护理工作量评估表是一种具有较高信度、效度的ICU专用护理工作量评估量表,可以为广大护理管理者提供可靠的理论依据和数据支持。  相似文献   

8.
目的 :译制中文版ICU患者不适评估量表(Inconforts des Patients de RE Animation,IPREA),并对其信度、效度进行初步评价。方法 :翻译并修订法语版IPREA量表,使用汉化的IPREA量表对185例从ICU转出的清醒患者进行问卷调查,并对结果进行信度、效度检验。结果 :中文版的IPREA量表保留17个条目,共3个维度,各维度与量表总分之间的相关系数为0.562~0.899,内容效度(CVI)为0.920;Cronbach’sα系数为0.834,各维度Cronbach’sα系数为0.705~0.782,其重测信度为0.871,因子分析得出3个公因子,累计方差贡献率为60.066%。结论 :中文版IPREA量表具有良好的信度、效度,适合中国文化背景下ICU患者不适程度的评估。  相似文献   

9.
心肌梗死多维度评估量表的信效度研究   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
目的翻译“心肌梗死多维度评估量表”(Myocardial Infarction Di mensional Assessment Scale,MIDAS),评价其效度、信度及文化相关性,提供一种有效评估心肌梗死患者生活质量的中文版问卷。方法应用专家小组评定法进行问卷文化相关性、语言一致性及内容效度的评价。对88例心肌梗死患者应用问卷对其内部一致性、效标关联效度及结构效度进行评价,对其中30例心梗患者在2周内重新应用问卷收集资料,进行重测信度的评价。结果问卷中所有条目均具有较好的文化相关性,其中2个条目被重新修订。中文版“心肌梗死多维度评估量表”具有较好的表面和内容效度,内容效度指数(CVI)为0.94,其内部一致性及重测信度均可接受,问卷7个亚量表的Cronbach'sα为0.73~0.91,重测信度系数为0.74~0.94,总体Cronbach'sα为0.93,重测信度系数为0.85。中文版MIDAS中的各亚量表与中文版“36条目简明量表”(Short Form36,SF-36)中的相关亚量表具有显著相关性(P<0.05)。因子分析结果提示中文版MIDAS具有与原英文量表一致的结构效度。结论中文版“心肌梗死多维度评估量表”是一种具有较高效度和信度的疾病专用量表,可为医护人员量化评估心肌梗死患者生活质量提供可靠的依据。  相似文献   

10.
目的:对简洁版平衡评定系统测试量表(Brief-BESTest)进行中文版汉化并在COPD患者中进行信效度检验。方法:通过取得原作者授权-翻译-综合-回译-专家评议对英文版Brief-BESTest量表进行汉化,选择20例COPD患者进行预实验,对问卷进行修改和文化调试后,另择150例COPD患者进行测试,检测中文版Brief-BESTest量表的信效度,利用Spearman相关分析测试Brief-BESTest量表与Morse评估量表的相关性。结果:中文版Brief-BESTest量表共有6个条目,其中两个需进行双向计分,探索性因子分析,共提取了3个因子,累计方差贡献率为84.020%。总量表的Cronbachα系数为0.904,折半信度系数为0.836,重测信度为0.936(P0.01,95%CI=[0.839,0.975]),与Morse评估表之间呈显著的负相关(r=-0.494,P0.01)。结论:中文版Brief-BESTest量表具有良好的信效度,适合在中国文化背景下测试COPD患者的平衡能力。  相似文献   

11.
Objective: To identify patterns of nonfatal and fatal penetrating trauma among children and adults in New Mexico using ED and medical examiner data.
Methods: The authors retrospectively sampled in 5-year intervals all victims of penetrating trauma who presented to either the state Level-1 trauma center or the state medical examiner from a 16-year period (1978–1993). Rates of nonfatal and fatal firearm and stabbing injury were compared for children and adults.
Results: Rates of nonfatal injury were similar (firearm, 34.3 per 100,000 person-years; stabbing, 35.1). However, rates of fatal injury were significantly different (firearm, 21.9; stabbing, 2.7; relative risk: 8.2; 95% confidence interval: 5.4, 12.5). From 1978 to 1993, nonfatal injury rates increased for children (p = 0.0043) and adults (p < 0.0001), while fatal penetrating injury remained constant. The increase in nonfatal injury in children resulted from increased firearm injury rates. In adults, both stabbing and firearm nonfatal injury rates increased.
Conclusions: Nonfatal injury data suggest that nonfatal violence has increased; fatal injury data suggest that violent death rates have remained constant. Injury patterns vary by age, mechanism of trauma, and data source. These results suggest that ED and medical examiner data differ and that both are needed to guide injury prevention programs.  相似文献   

12.
Three supplementary perspectives are presented arguing that interprofessional collaboration is both necessary and desirable. Nonetheless, there are often too many serious intra-professional barriers and obstacles to interprofessional collaboration to make it successful. Some of these barriers, it is argued and illustrated, are found in the multiple ways in which professional identity is tacitly acquired and embodied in the practitioners' habitual, everyday practice. The paper then explores ways in which reflection, especially Second order reflection, can help to elucidate and overcome these obstacles, as well as increasing professional adaptability and competence.  相似文献   

13.
ABSTRACT

The Cochrane Library of Systematic Reviews is published quarterly as a DVD and monthly online. The January 2011 issue (first quarterly DVD for 2011) contains 4515 complete reviews, 1985 protocols for reviews in production, and 13,521 one-page summaries of systematic reviews published in the general medical literature. In addition, there are citations of 641,000 randomized controlled trials, and 14,018 cited papers in the Cochrane methodology register. The health technology assessment database contains over 9300 citations. One hundred and seven new reviews have been published in the last 3 months, of which five have potential relevance for practitioners in pain and palliative medicine.  相似文献   

14.
This is a new method for the determination of creatine kinase isoenzyme MB activity in serum. The method uses direct activity measurement of creatine kinase B subunit activity after blocking of CK-M subunit activity by inhibiting antibodies. The test takes no longer than 15 min. The method yields an intra-serial C.V. of 2.0-12.9%, and a C.V. from day to day of 5.5%. The detection limit is 3.4 U/l creatine kinase MB. In the 95 cases with proven myocardial infarction several types of creatine kinase MB activity kinetics could be determined. The percentage of creatine kinase MB of peak CK-total is 6-25%, with a mean of 11.1%. The amount of creatine kinase MB with respect to total CK activity after reinfarction is higher than the amount after initial infarction.  相似文献   

15.
16.
The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) in the USA operates a network of 172 medical centres which all utilize a hospital information system (HIS) which has been developed and is currently maintained by the VA. During the past several years, an image management and communication module has been developed, installed and clinically utilized at the Washington DC and Maryland VA Medical Centres. This image management and communication system, referred to as the decentralized hospital computer program (DHCP) imaging system, is fully integrated with a commercial picture archiving and communication system (PACS). The system is utilized to capture, archive, and display all images generated within the hospital including radiology, nuclear medicine, pathology, endoscopy, bronchoscopy, and dermatology, intraoperative photographs, ECG data, and a limited number of paper documents. The ultimate goal of the project is to have all patient text and image data available at any clinical workstation to any authorized user anywhere within the network of medical centres. Clinical requirements for an imaging workstation include ease of use, rapid and reliable access to the complete set of patient information, and images which are of acceptable quality to meet the requirements of the user and the subspecialty. Patient confidentiality and data security must be safeguarded at all times. Integration of the images with the remainder of the patient's database was found to be critical to the success of the project. The experience at the Washington and Maryland facilities suggests that an imaging system that is successfully integrated with a hospital information system can provide substantial clinical and economic benefits both within and among medical centres. Clinical acceptance and utilization of the system has been excellent, particularly in diagnostic radiology where DHCP Imaging has been interfaced to a commercial PAC system. Based upon this initial experience, the VA has begun to deploy the system throughout its large network of medical centres.  相似文献   

17.
18.
目的 探讨俯卧位通气对高海拔地区肺复张术(RM)治疗无效急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)患者的治疗作用.方法 从海拔2260m的地区医院筛选RM治疗无效的41例ARDS患者[平均氧合指数( PaO2/FiO2)较RM前升高<20%视为RM无效],依不同病因分为肺内源性ARDS组(ARDSp组)和肺外源性ARDS组(ARDSexp组),每组再按信封法随机分为俯卧位组和仰卧位组,即ARDSp俯卧位组(11例)、ARDSp仰卧位组(9例)、ARDSexp俯卧位组(10例)、ARDSexp仰卧位组(11例).在通气前及通气1、2、3、4h监测动脉血氧分压( PaO2)、PaO2/FiO2、静态顺应性(Cst)、气道阻力(Raw)的变化.结果 通气lh时,ARDSexp俯卧位组PaO2/FiO2( mm Hg,l mm Hg=0.133 kPa)即较通气前显著升高(157.4±40.6比129.3±48.7,P<0.05),并随通气时间延长呈持续增高趋势,4h达峰值(219.1 ±41.1);且ARDSexp俯卧位组通气3h内PaO2/FiO2较其他3组显著增高,另3组间则差异无统计学意义.ARDSp俯卧位组、ARDSexp俯卧位组通气4h时PaO2/FiO2均较相应仰卧位组显著增高(208.8±39.7比127.4±47.1,219.1±41.1比124.9±50.8,均P<0.05).4组通气前后Cst无显著改变,各组间差异也无统计学意义.ARDSp俯卧位组通气4h时Raw(cmH2O·L-1·s-1)较通气前显著降低(6.8±1.7比10.7±1.8,P<0.05),且明显低于其他3组;其他3组各时间点Raw组内及组间比较差异均无统计学意义.结论 俯卧位通气作为ARDS机械通气重要策略之一,可以改善RM无效高原ARDS患者的氧合,为抢救患者赢得宝贵的时间.  相似文献   

19.
Ranganath C  Heller AS  Wilding EL 《NeuroImage》2007,35(4):1663-1673
Although substantial evidence suggests that the prefrontal cortex (PFC) implements processes that are critical for accurate episodic memory judgments, the specific roles of different PFC subregions remain unclear. Here, we used event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging to distinguish between prefrontal activity related to operations that (1) influence processing of retrieval cues based on current task demands, or (2) are involved in monitoring the outputs of retrieval. Fourteen participants studied auditory words spoken by a male or female speaker and completed memory tests in which the stimuli were unstudied foil words and studied words spoken by either the same speaker at study, or the alternate speaker. On "general" test trials, participants were to determine whether each word was studied, regardless of the voice of the speaker, whereas on "specific" test trials, participants were to additionally distinguish between studied words that were spoken in the same voice or a different voice at study. Thus, on specific test trials, participants were explicitly required to attend to voice information in order to evaluate each test item. Anterior (right BA 10), dorsolateral prefrontal (right BA 46), and inferior frontal (bilateral BA 47/12) regions were more active during specific than during general trials. Activation in anterior and dorsolateral PFC was enhanced during specific test trials even in response to unstudied items, suggesting that activation in these regions was related to the differential processing of retrieval cues in the two tasks. In contrast, differences between specific and general test trials in inferior frontal regions (bilateral BA 47/12) were seen only for studied items, suggesting a role for these regions in post-retrieval monitoring processes. Results from this study are consistent with the idea that different PFC subregions implement distinct, but complementary processes that collectively support accurate episodic memory judgments.  相似文献   

20.
Myocardial elastography is a novel method for noninvasively assessing regional myocardial function, with the advantages of high spatial and temporal resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). In this paper, in-vivo experiments were performed in anesthetized normal and infarcted mice (one day after left anterior descending coronary artery [LAD] ligation) using a high-resolution (30 MHz) ultrasound system (Vevo 770, VisualSonics Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada). Radiofrequency (RF) signals of the left ventricle (LV) in longitudinal (long-axis) view and the associated electrocardiogram (ECG) were simultaneously acquired. Using a retrospective ECG gating technique, 2-D full field-of-view RF frames were acquired at an extremely high frame rate (8 kHz) that resulted in high-quality incremental displacement and strain estimation of the myocardium. The incremental results were further accumulated to obtain the cumulative displacements and strains. Two-dimensional and M-mode displacement images and strain images (elastograms), as well as displacement and strain profiles as a function of time, were compared between normal and infarcted mice. Incremental results clearly depicted cardiac events including LV contraction, LV relaxation and isovolumetric phases in both normal and infarcted mice, and also evidently indicated reduced motion and deformation in the infarcted myocardium. The elastograms indicated that the infarcted regions underwent thinning during systole rather than thickening, as in the normal case. The cumulative elastograms were found to have higher elastographic SNR (SNR(e)) than the incremental elastograms (e.g., 10.6 vs. 4.7 in a normal myocardium, and 6.0 vs. 2.4 in an infarcted myocardium). Finally, preliminary statistical results from nine normal (m = 9) and seven infarcted (n = 7) mice indicated the capability of the cumulative strain in differentiating infracted from normal myocardia. In conclusion, myocardial elastography could provide regional strain information at simultaneously high temporal (>/=0.125 ms) and spatial ( approximately 55 microm) resolution as well as high precision ( approximately 0.05 microm displacement). This technique was thus capable of accurately characterizing normal myocardial function throughout an entire cardiac cycle, at the same high resolution, and detecting and localizing myocardial infarction in vivo.  相似文献   

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