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1.
目的 探讨急性胰腺炎(AP)的病因及其与性别、年龄的关系.方法 对近2年我院收治的AP患者共114例作回顾性分析,探讨常见的病因、性别差异及与年龄的关系.结果 胆源性是AP的首要病因(44.7%).AP的病因与性别、年龄的关系有统计学意义(x2值分别为15.398、25.316,P均<0.05).胆源性、高脂血症性、酒精性AP患者以男性为主所占比例为57.0%(65/114),31 ~50岁年龄段所占比例为45.6%(52/114)明显高于其他年龄段.结论 胆源性AP仍是AP常见病因,男性患者所占比例高于女性,31 ~50岁年龄段患者高于其他年龄段.  相似文献   

2.
【目的】探讨老年脑梗死隐性误吸的高危因素与发生机制,为卒中相关性肺炎的风险评估与早期干预提供参考。【方法】2011年8月至2012年10月入选在本院神经内科住院的急性老年脑梗死患者72例,入院后24 h内完成临床吞咽功能评估,并在7 d内完成吞咽电视荧光透视检查(VFSS),通过VFSS确定患者有无误吸,记录隐性误吸发生率,分析隐性误吸与年龄、病变部位、临床吞咽异常表现的关系,分析老年脑梗死隐性误吸的高危因素。【结果】完成VFSS检查的72例患者中,误吸者32例,误吸发生率为44.4%(32/72),其中隐性误吸占13例,占误诊的40.6%(13/32)。60~65岁,66~70岁,71~75岁,76~80岁,>80岁这五个年龄段的隐性误吸发生率分别为7.7%(1/31),15.4%(2/13),23.1%(3/13),23.1%(3/13),30.7%(4/13),年龄越大隐性误吸的发生率就越高。>80岁患者较60~65岁患者的隐性误吸发生率有统计学差异( P <0.05)。其余各年龄段无统计学差异( P >0.05)。双侧多发性梗死者隐性误吸率46.6%(7/15),脑干+小脑梗死者为40%(2/5),大脑半球+基底节区梗死者为9.5%,前两组与大脑半球+基底节区梗死组比较均有统计学差异( P <0.01)。但前两组间的比较无统计学差异( P >0.05)。【结论】急性老年脑梗死患者较容易发生隐性误吸,年龄越大的患者,双侧多发性脑梗死的老年患者发生的几率更高。  相似文献   

3.
目的探讨北京市急诊科胸痛患者的病因学构成,为确立进一步的治疗方案提供依据,降低治疗费用。方法 本研究属多中心前瞻性描述性研究,参研单位包括17所医院。使用统一表格记录入选患者的一般资料,包括既往病史,发病时间,到达医院急诊时间,胸痛特点,心电图描述及诊断,初步诊断,急诊的诊治情况,辅助检查,确定诊断和去向,就诊30d后的临床转归情况。所有数据经SAS8.2统计软件进行统计学处理。结果2009年7—8月,在17个医疗中心连续有效人选至急诊室就诊的胸痛患者,计划纳入6000例,最终5666例患者确认获得有效记录而入选,平均年龄(58.1±18.4)岁,男性2663例,占47%;女性3003例,占53%。胸痛患者占急诊总量的4.7%(5666/130553)。病因学分析结果:冠心病1509例(27.4%),急性心力衰竭149例(2.6%),心包炎4例(0.1%),肺栓塞11例(0.2%),主动脉夹层8例(0.1%),急性脑血管病431例(7.6%),非心源性胸痛2538例(44.9%)。30d随访结果:院外死亡37例(O.7%),再次入院275例(4.9%)。结论重视并认真对待胸痛患者,特别是无胸痛患者和以伴随症状就诊的患者,正确地做出诊断,及时进行规范诊疗,降低患者的病死率。  相似文献   

4.
目的:调查河北省急性心肌梗死(acute myocardial infarction, AMI)患者使用急诊医疗服务系统(emergency medical service, EMS)现状及其对患者急性期治疗和近、远期预后的影响。方法:收集河北省主要三级及部分具有代表性的二级医院在2016年1至12月期间住院的AMI患者。根据其不同就诊方式分为EMS组和自行就诊组,对两组患者的一般情况、发病到就诊时间、治疗方法、院内病死率及3年病死率等指标进行分析总结。结果:共纳入2 961例患者,采用EMS方式就诊患者占33.13%,自行就诊患者占66.87%。既往有高血压病病史以及ST段抬高型心肌梗死(ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, STEMI)患者更倾向于选择EMS方式就诊,差异有统计学意义。并且EMS组患者更倾向于前往三级医院就诊(88.58% vs 85.76%, P=0.033)。EMS组患者发病到就诊时间明显短于自行就诊组患者(160 min vs 185 min, P<0.01),且EMS组从症状发作到就诊时间在<3 h及3~6 h时间段患者所占比例均高于自行就诊组(55.76% vs 49.14%,21.41% vs 19.09%, P<0.01)。相比自行就诊组,EMS组患者有更高的再灌注治疗率(67.48% vs 61.67%, P=0.002)。EMS组患者的急性期院内病死率较高(7.03% vs 4.44%, P=0.003),但其3年病死率低于自行就诊组(17.31% vs 20.77%, P<0.05)。 结论:EMS能够缩短AMI患者发病到就诊时间,增加患者再灌注治疗率,并且能改善患者的远期预后。  相似文献   

5.
目的探讨口服阿司匹林致上消化道出血的相关危险因素及引起消化道大出血的相关机制。方法收集本院2010年3月至2013年4月仅口服阿司匹林一种非甾体抗炎药200例患者,用药过程中未发生消化道出血的102例患者作为对照组,引发上消化道出血的98例患者作为观察组,采集两组患者吸烟史、现病史、既往史,行凝血常规、幽门螺杆菌(Hp)检测及胃镜检查,经单因素统计分析筛选出阿司匹林引发上消化道出血的危险因素;通过多元 Logistic回归分析得出阿司匹林引发上消化道出血的独立危险因素。结果年龄>60岁、吸烟、糖尿病、Hp感染、既往溃疡病史的患者在观察组所占比例明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);经多元 Logistic回归后表明年龄>60岁、糖尿病、Hp 感染、既往溃疡病史和阿司匹林引发上消化道出血的 OR值有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论年龄>60岁、糖尿病、Hp感染、溃疡病史是阿司匹林引发上消化道出血的4个独立危险因素。  相似文献   

6.
目的研究主诉为"胸闷、胸痛"患者临床特点及焦虑情绪,以评价汉密尔顿焦虑量表在鉴别诊断此类患者中的应用。方法入选因主诉为"胸闷、胸痛"行冠状动脉造影患者共229例。其中男124例,年龄(63.2±7.5)岁,女105例,年龄(65.9±10.3)岁。根据冠脉造影结果,将以上患者分为冠心病组(130例)和非冠心病组(99例),比较两组基本临床资料(年龄、性别、是否典型心绞痛症状、吸烟史、高血压病史、糖尿病史、高脂血症病史)和汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)评分。结果冠心病组年龄、男性比例、典型心绞痛症状、吸烟史、糖尿病史、高脂血症病史比例均明显高于非冠心病组(P〈0.05)。无冠心病组HAMA评分明显高于冠心病组(P〈0.01)。男性患者中HAMA≥14分36例(29.0%),女性患者中HAMA≥14分68例(64.8%),女性患者中焦虑障碍发病率明显高于男性(P〈0.01)。如以汉密尔顿焦虑量表评分〈14分作为冠心病诊断标准之一,按性别分组后,女性组中灵敏度为42.5%,特异度为82.3%;男性组中灵敏度为78.0%,特异度为32.3%。结论除已知冠心病危险因素及判断标准外,对主诉为"胸闷、胸痛"患者进行密尔顿焦虑量表评分,可及时发现病人焦虑症状,帮助鉴别诊断冠心病患者。  相似文献   

7.
目的:探索急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction,STEMI)患者性别在年龄、既往史、症状、预后方面的差异,为急诊护士分诊工作提供一定的参考。方法:选取2017年1月至2019年12月广州市某三甲医院急诊科收治的所有急性STEMI患者414例为研究对象,回顾性分析不同性别在年龄、既往史、症状、预后各方面的差异。结果:所有STEMI患者中,男性和女性患者比例分别为75.4%、24.6%,男性约为女性的3倍;就诊时表现为典型症状和非典型症状的比例分别为48.6%、51.4%;上午08:00-11:59是发病并就诊的高峰期。男性患者年龄明显低于女性[(61.66±13.17)岁vs(68.35±14.56)岁,P0.05]。在患有高血压的患者中,女性患者所占的比例明显高于男性(58.8%vs 40.4%,P0.05)。在具有既往病史患者中,女性患者所占的比例明显高于男性(86.3%vs 75.6%,P0.05)。在表现有恶心呕吐症状的急性STEMI患者中,女性患者所占的比例明显高于男性(14.7%vs 6.1%,P0.05)。结论:男性是急性STEMI患者的主要组成部分,约为女性的3倍,且男性患者患病平均年龄低于女性患者。女性患者在65岁及以上的所占的比例更高,既往患高血压的比例更高,较男性患者更容易表现恶心呕吐等胃肠道症状。应进一步加强急诊分诊护士在这方面的培训,从而更好地完成STEMI患者的分诊。  相似文献   

8.
孙萍 《临床荟萃》2001,16(15):711-711
出血性脑梗死(HI)是脑梗死类型之一,在发生缺血脑梗死后,缺血区脑血管壁由于缺血、缺氧而致血管通透性增强,此时如出现脑梗死区血管再开通时,则可能发生血管壁向脑内渗血或出血,形成出血性脑梗死。我科1996年7月至1999年7月共收治H120例,现报道如下。1 临床资料1.1 一般资料 男12例,女8例,年龄31~79岁,平均66.3岁,安静时发病4例,活动时发病6例,睡眠中发病10例,既往有原发性高血压病史13例(占65%);风湿性心脏病病史8例(占40%);糖尿病病史4例(占20%);高血脂症5例…  相似文献   

9.
目的 探讨急性卒中患者发生应激性溃疡的危险因素,为今后临床预防提供依据.方法 采用急性卒中后应激性溃疡的高危因素调查量表对江苏省人民医院2003年7月至2008年6月收治的2 200例急性卒中住院手术患者的临床资料进行回顾性调查,内容包括:患者年龄、性别、疾病性质、病变部位、患者肝肾功能及凝血功能评价、阿司匹林使用情况、急性卒中患者格拉斯哥昏迷评分(GCS评分)、消化道出血出现时间、出血持续时间、急性卒中预防性用药情况、出血后的治疗方法、急性卒中并发症的情况等.运用Logistic回归分析法进行多因素分析.结果 本调查有效病例2030例,并发应激性溃疡126例,发生率为6.21%.其中:1)男性发生率显著高于女性(6.85%比5.47%,P<0.05),年龄>60岁的发生率显著高于≤60岁(7.41%比4.46%,P<0.05);2)病变性质以脑出血患者发生率最高(9.35%),显著高于其他性质的病变患者(P<0.05);3)病变位于脑干的患者发生率为10.10%,位于小脑的患者发生率为7.69%,均显著高于其他病变部位的患者(P<0.05);4)GCS评分越低其发生率越高(P<0.05);5)小剂量阿司匹林预防用药≥90d的患者发生率显著高于<90 d者(P<0.05).结论 急性卒中患者并发应激性溃疡的高危因素为:男性、年龄>60岁、病变性质为脑出血、病变位于脑干或小脑、GCS评分<10分及预防应用小剂量阿司匹林.  相似文献   

10.
目的 探讨老年急性脑梗死患者并发肺部感染的危险因素。方法 回顾性分析283例急性脑梗死患者的临床资料,统计肺部感染发生情况,logistic回归分析发生肺部感染的危险因素。结果 283例患者中并发肺部感染68例,占24.03%;单因素分析结果显示,年龄≥70岁、有慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD)史、有意识障碍、有吞咽困难、合并基础疾病、大面积梗死与老年急性脑梗死患者并发肺部感染有关(P〈0.05);多因素logistic分析结果显示,年龄≥70岁(OR=6.67,P=0.006)、有慢性阻塞性肺疾病史(OR=3.46,P=0.001)、有吞咽困难(OR=2.51,P=0.022)、有意识障碍(OR=1.68,P=0.018)、大面积脑梗死(OR=2.16,P=0.021)及合并基础疾病(OR=1.57,P=0.003)是老年急性脑梗死患者并发肺部感染的独立危险因素。结论 老年脑梗死合并肺部感染与患者年龄、COPD病史、吞咽困难、意识障碍、基础疾病以及大面积脑梗死密切相关。  相似文献   

11.

Aim

The aims of this study were to describe the characteristics of and outcome of patients with chest pain in relation to transport by the emergency medical services (EMS) and to describe possible changes in this relationship in a 20-year perspective.

Methods

In the 2 periods, 1986 to 1987 and 2008, all patients with chest pain admitted to hospitals in Gothenburg, Sweden, were retrospectively evaluated in terms of previous history, final diagnosis, and mortality. P values were age adjusted.

Results

In 1986 to 1987 and 2008, 34% of 4270 patients with chest pain and 39% of 2286 patients, respectively, were transported to the hospital by the EMS (P = .0001). In both periods, patients who used EMS were older and had a higher prevalence of previous cardiovascular diseases and more often had a final diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) than those who did not use EMS. The EMS users were more frequently hospitalized in 1986 to 1987 than in 2008 (P < .0001). Emergency medical service use was related to a significantly higher age-adjusted 1-year mortality in both periods for all patients with chest pain as well as for those hospitalized. Among hospitalized patients with myocardial ischemia and among patients with a final diagnosis of AMI, EMS use was associated with a higher 30-day mortality in 1986 to 1987. Regardless of the use of EMS, there was a decrease in the proportion of patients developing AMI as well as the rate of death at 30 days and 1 year in 2008 as compared with 1986 to 1987.

Conclusions

For 20 years, the proportion of patients with chest pain using the EMS increased. EMS users were more frequently hospitalized in 1986 to 1987 than in 2008. In overall terms, mortality was higher among EMS users than among nonusers in both periods. Among hospitalized patients with myocardial ischemia and among patients with a final diagnosis of AMI, EMS use was associated with a higher 30-day mortality only in 1986 to 1987.  相似文献   

12.
目的探讨急诊胸痛患者院前延迟行为意向现状及其影响因素。方法选取2017年4月至2018年9月在我院救治的急诊胸痛患者273例为研究对象,采用我院自制的急诊胸痛患者院前延迟行为意向测评表评估急诊胸痛患者院前延迟行为意向现状及影响因素。结果273例急诊胸痛患者院前延迟行为意向得分(59.85±14.35)分。单因素分析显示,年龄、学历、医疗费用承担情况、家庭人均月收入、居住情况、家庭住地、体检情况、患病史/家族史、自己或家人是否接受过急救培训、转运方式、进院前是否寻求帮助是影响急诊胸痛患者院前延迟行为意向的相关因素(P<0.05)。多元逐步回归分析显示,年龄、家庭人均月收入、体检情况、患病史/家族史、自己或家人是否接受过急救培训是影响急诊胸痛患者院前延迟行为意向的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论急诊胸痛患者院前延迟行为意向呈现中等水平,医护人员需要重视急诊胸痛患者对症状的习惯反应,加强教育和急救系统的运用,督促相关患者定期体检。  相似文献   

13.
Abstract. Objective: Early aspirin administration during an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) decreases morbidity and mortality. This investigation examined the extent to which patients with a complaint of chest pain, the symptom most identified with AMI by the general population, self-administer aspirin before the arrival of emergency medical services (EMS) personnel.
Methods: In this prospective, cross-sectional prevalence study, data were derived through the analysis of EMS incident reports for patients with a complaint of chest pain from June 1, 1997, to August 31,1997.
Results: The study included 694 subjects. One hundred two (15%) took aspirin for their chest pain before the arrival of EMS personnel. Of the 322 subjects who reported taking aspirin on a regular basis, 82 (26%) took additional aspirin for their acute chest pain. Only 20 (5%) of the 370 patients who were not using regular aspirin therapy self-administered aspirin acutely (p < 0.001). In addition, patients with lower intensity of chest pain (p = 0.03) were more likely to take aspirin for their chest pain.
Conclusion: Only a relatively small fraction of individuals calling 9-1-1 with acute chest pain take aspirin prior to the arrival of EMS personnel. These individuals are more likely to self-administer aspirin if they are already taking it on a regular basis. It is also possible that they are less likely to take aspirin if their chest pain is more severe.  相似文献   

14.
【目的】探讨缺血修饰白蛋白(IMA)在急性胸痛患者检测的应用价值。【方法】选取2014年2月至2015年7月本院收治的100例急性胸痛发作3 h 内胸痛患者,将其分为缺血性胸痛组(59例)和非缺血性胸痛组(41例),缺血性胸痛组进一步分为不稳定型心绞痛组(39例)和急性心肌梗死组(20例)。于入院后即刻、3 h、24 h 分别采集静脉血分离血清,检测肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、肌钙蛋白 I(cTnI)、IMA。【结果】入院后即刻和入院后3 h,缺血性胸痛组 IMA 高于非缺血性胸痛组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05);cTnI 、CK-MB 水平比较差异无统计学意义(P >0.05)。入院后24 h,缺血性胸痛组 IMA 与非缺血性胸痛组比较无统计学意义(P >0.05);而 cTnI 和 CK-MB 均高于非缺血性胸痛组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。入院后即刻、3 h、24 h 不稳定型心绞痛组和急性心肌梗死组IMA 水平比较差异均无统计学意义(P >0.05)。【结论】IMA 是早期诊断非缺血性胸痛和缺血性胸痛的敏感指标,但其并不能诊断区别不稳定型心绞痛和急性心肌梗死。  相似文献   

15.
Objectives: The goal of this study was to examine how physicians in the emergency department ask questions of patients presenting with chest pain and whether this varies by patient demographics.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with convenience sampling. A survey was administered to adult emergency department patients presenting with chest pain after emergency physicians obtained the history and performed the physical examination. No identifying data were collected from the patients. In addition to demographics, patients were asked whether or not their physician asked them about factors related to coronary syndrome and myocardial infarction etiology.
Results: A total of 308 of 332 patients (93%) participated. Patients had a mean age of 52 years, 54% were male, and 85% spoke English; classification by race was 31% African American, 28% white, 19% Hispanic, and 13% other. History taking did not differ by gender. Patients who reported being asked about the following were statistically significantly younger than those who reported not being asked: family history, other medical problems, smoking, cocaine use, and alcohol use. Nonwhite patients reported being asked about the following more frequently than white patients: smoking (94% vs. 84%), alcohol use (81% vs. 70%), and cocaine use (64% vs. 42%). In multivariate logistic regression controlling for age, nonwhite patients were more likely than white patients to be asked about smoking (odds ratio [OR], 2.79; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.26 to 6.19), cocaine use (OR, 2.49; 95% CI = 1.50 to 4.12), and alcohol use (OR, 1.77; 95% CI = 1.0 to 3.09).
Conclusions: The variability in questions about behavioral factors associated with chest pain etiology as reported by patients may indicate a possible cultural bias by physicians. Differences in risk identification may lead to differences in treatment decisions.  相似文献   

16.
目的 分析双侧耳折征(DELC)患者的颈动脉内膜中层厚度(IMT)、颈动脉斑块发生率的情况。方法 选取50岁以上患者110例,其中DELC组60例,对照组50例。所有患者测量体质量、身高,记录吸烟史及高血压病、2型糖尿病、脑梗死、心肌梗死病史,应用彩色多普勒超声检查颈动脉结构。对比两组年龄、男性比例、体质量指数(BMI)、吸烟率、患病率(高血压病、2型糖尿病、脑梗死、心肌梗死)、颈动脉IMT、斑块发生率。结果 与对照组相比,DELC组BMI、吸烟者无显著增加,但年龄更大[(72.6±8.4)岁比(66.1±14.7)岁,P0.05],高血压病(75.0%比56.0%,P0.05)、2型糖尿病(45.0%比26.0%,P0.05)、陈旧性脑梗死(43.3%比22.0%,P0.05)、陈旧性心肌梗死(36.7%比16.0%,P0.05)患病率更高。与对照组相比,DELC组颈动脉IMT明显增厚[(1.21±0.27)mm比(0.84±0.21)mm,P0.05)],斑块发生率明显增加(85%比62%,P0.05)。结论 对于DELC患者,应加强动脉粥样硬化及其危险因素的筛查。  相似文献   

17.
The objective of this pilot study was to determine clinical predictors of adverse outcome, defined as myocardial infarction, angioplasy or stent placement, coronary artery bypass graft, or death, within 60 days for patients discharged from the emergency department with a presenting complaint of chest pain. All patients presenting to the emergency department with a chief complaint of chest pain were eligible for the study. A chest pain risk analysis sheet was completed as part of the patient evaluation. Patients discharged from the emergency department, in whom a risk analysis sheet was completed, were contacted to determine their clinical course within 60 days of their discharge from the emergency department. During the 6-month study period, 129 eligible patients were enrolled. Of these 129 patients, four had an adverse outcome within 60 days of their discharge. All four patients had either a balloon angioplasty procedure, coronary artery bypass graft, or both. None of the study patients had a myocardial infarction or died. Statistically significant predictors of adverse outcome in our study population were an abnormal electrocardiogram (ECG), a history of myocardial infarction, and a history of hypertension. In conclusion, patients discharged from the emergency department with a presenting complaint of chest pain were at a low risk for having a myocardial infarction or dying within 60 days of their discharge. Several patients, however, did have significant coronary artery disease requiring angioplasty or bypass. These patients were more likely to have an abnormal ECG, a history of myocardial infarction, or have a history of hypertension. A prospective study with larger numbers of patients is needed to validate these findings.  相似文献   

18.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the factors most affecting emergency physicians' decisions in the management of chest pain patients. METHODS: This prospective randomized cross-sectional study was carried out between March 2004 and September 2004 in an urban university hospital emergency department. Residents collected data on patients' demographic features, chest pain characteristics, electrocardiography, cardiac enzymes and outcome of patients. RESULTS: Five hundred and sixty-two patients were enrolled in the study; 389 (69.2%) patients were classified as having cardiac chest pain. Of the 389 patients suggested to have cardiac chest pain, 369 (94.4%) were classified as probable acute coronary syndrome; 286 (50.9%) patients were seen by cardiologists and 187 (33.3%) were admitted to the cardiology ward. The logistic regression analysis revealed that angina equivalents (P<0.001), age (P=0.002), history of coronary artery disease (P=0.003), electrocardiography (P=0.001), substernal chest pain (P=0.001), typical chest pain (P=0.000) and radiation of chest pain (P=0.039) were independent factors affecting emergency physicians' decisions. CONCLUSION: The factors affecting emergency physicians' decisions are correlated with guidelines.  相似文献   

19.

Background

Emergency Medical Services (EMS) play a central role in caring for patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). To date, no data exist on utilization of EMS systems in the Arab Gulf States.

Objective

To examine EMS use by patients with ACS in the Gulf Registry of Acute Coronary Events (Gulf RACE). Methods: Gulf RACE was a prospective, multinational study conducted in 2007 of all patients hospitalized with ACS in 65 centers in six Arab countries. Data were analyzed based on mode of presentation (EMS vs. other).

Results

Of 7859 patients hospitalized with ACS through the emergency department (ED), only 1336 (17%) used EMS, with wide variation among countries (2% in Yemen to 37% in Oman). Younger age (odds ratio [OR] 1.09; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03–1.15 per 10-year decrement), presence of chest pain (OR 1.73; 95% CI 1.48–2.03), prior myocardial infarction (OR 1.58; 95% CI 1.34–1.86), prior percutaneous coronary intervention (OR 1.27; 95% CI 1.02–1.59), family history of premature coronary disease (OR 1.25; 95% CI 1.09–1.51), and current smoking (OR 1.30; 95% CI 1.13–1.50) were independently associated with not utilizing EMS. Patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction/left bundle branch block myocardial infarction who were transported by EMS were significantly less likely to exhibit major delay in presentation, and were significantly more likely to receive favorable processes of care, including shorter door-to-electrocardiogram time, more frequent coronary reperfusion therapy, and thrombolytic therapy within 30 min of arrival at the ED.

Conclusion

Despite current recommendations, fewer than 1 in 5 patients with ACS use EMS in the Arab Gulf States, highlighting a significant opportunity for improvement. Factors causing this underutilization deserve further investigation.  相似文献   

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