肿瘤专科护士的培训模式与发展

目的总结肿瘤专科护士的培训方法和培训效果,为探讨适合国情的肿瘤专科护士培训模式,寻找培养具有肿瘤专科理论和专科技能的实用型护理人才提供依据。方法回顾性分析2007～2010年肿瘤中心肿瘤专科护士的培训情况。设计了一套关于肿瘤专科理论和临床实践的培训内容,理论课程培训160学时,临床实践培训160学时;建立了专科护士培训的组织管理模式和考核评分标准。结果经过4个月的理论知识和临床实践培训,培训护士通过理论考试、技能考核、教学和科研能力、综合素质四方面的考核达到优良;培训3个月后追踪反馈,得到用人科室的一致好评,培训护士在不同的科室承担护理组长岗位并作为护理骨干培养。结论广泛开展肿瘤专科护士培训,是培养临床实用型专科护理人才、提高肿瘤专科护理水平、培养专科领域临床护理专家的有效途径。     

肿瘤专科护士教育现状与对策

目的：对肿瘤专科护士教育现状进行调查和分析，旨在尽快适应迅速发展的专科医疗、护理和肿瘤病人的护理需求，加快肿瘤专科护士队伍的建设。方法：对136名护士采用自行设计的肿瘤专科护士教育现状调查表进行问卷调查。结果：不同背景资料护士对化疗护理、放疗护理、手术外科护理、肿瘤病人心理特征掌握程度不同；学习肿瘤护理理论，参加肿瘤护理培训班，参与学术交流及发表学术论文呈现多层面。结论：采用科学、规范的专科护士教育体系，为专科护士提供针对性的培训与专业教育，以提高专科护士业务能力和科研水平，促进护士专业化发展。     

江苏省肿瘤专科护士培训实践及体会

护理专科化是临床护理实践发展的方向,江苏省肿瘤医院作为江苏省肿瘤专科护士培训基地,经过几年的探索,从理论培训、实践培训、考核评价等方面逐步形成了完整、规范的培训体系,培训工作取得了良好的效果,但在实际培训工作中我们仍然要重视专业理论架构专科化、专科护士角色多元化、护理实践能力及科研能力兼顾、机制建设等方面的问题,努力培养出高素质的肿瘤专科护士,促进江苏省肿瘤专科护理的发展.     

肿瘤内科护士发展需求的调查研究

[目的]了解肿瘤内科护士的发展需求现状,为肿瘤化疗专科护士的培养和发展提供参考依据。[方法]采用便利抽样的方法,对33名全国肿瘤专科医院相关部门负责人进行问卷调查。内容包括理论培训需求、临床实践培训需求及培训形式等。采用Excel录入数据,SPSS 17.0软件进行统计分析与描述。[结果]当场发放问卷33份,回收30份,回收率90.9%。90%的研究对象认为单独培养肿瘤化疗专科护士是极其重要的,60%的研究对象认为肿瘤化疗专科护士是优先培养的区域,并且需要进行系统的专科培训;明确预期肿瘤化疗专科护士的入选要求及培训内容等。[结论]肿瘤化疗专科护士培养有一定需求,是培养肿瘤专科护士分支中最优先培养的区域;目前上海地区无肿瘤化疗专科护士的医疗体制,现存肿瘤内科护士的工作有一定的改进空间;肿瘤化疗专科护士的培养及认证考核体制的制定将势在必行。     

我院肿瘤专科护士三阶梯培养管理体系建立与实践

为加快护理人才培养,建立肿瘤专科护士三阶梯培训管理体系。在明确肿瘤专科护士三阶梯培训管理体系的目的基础上,建立健全了肿瘤专科护士三阶梯培训管理体系和制度,制定了培训方案,并采用PDCA循环法实施培训方案,进行质量控制。采用对专科护士核心评价体系进行评价,认为建立肿瘤专科护士三阶梯培养管理体系可提高专科护士的核心能力。     

肿瘤专科医院本科新护士岗前培训需求调查

目的：通过调查肿瘤专科医院本科新护士岗前培训需求情况,探讨肿瘤专科医院新护士岗前培训内容和形式,为今后对新护士的培训提供依据。方法：采用自行设计的一般资料调查问卷和肿瘤专科医院新护士岗前培训需求调查问卷,对122名本院新护士进行调查。结果：肿瘤专科医院新护士岗前培训需求总得分为（468.89±11.82）分,处于较高水平。得分排在前5位的条目是肿瘤专科医院护理一般知识,化疗给药初级培训,具备对危重症病人进行危急救处理和配合抢救的能力,护患沟通技巧,计算机能力。结论：护理管理者应结合本部门的具体情况,不断探索和丰富专科护士培训内容,优化培训模式,以满足护士的需求,从而达到提高护理队伍整体素质和护理服务质量的目的。     

浅谈肿瘤专科护士的培养

为了促进护理专业的发展，卫生部颁布的《中国护理事业发展规划纲要（2005—2010）》中明确提出了优先发展包括肿瘤护理在内的专科护理领域。发展护理的专科化是临床护理实践发展的策略和方向。要提升肿瘤专科的护理水平，需要有一个长远的计划及配套措施来培训肿瘤专科护士。我院是一所三级甲等肿瘤专科医院，近年来我们结合医院自身的实际情况，在肿瘤专科护士规范化、系统化培养方面做了以下探索，现报道如下。[第一段]     

肿瘤专科护士培养模式探讨

目的 了解湖北、河南两省肿瘤科护士现状及护理人员对肿瘤专科护士培养的意见,探索我国肿瘤专科护士培养模式.方法采用自行设计的调查问卷,对湖北、河南两省大、中城市4所三甲医院和3所肿瘤专科医院的151名肿瘤科护士进行调查.调查内容涉及被调查者职称、学历、工作时间、可以接受的肿瘤专科护士培养方式等方面.结果肿瘤科护士中,中级职称占44.7%,专科学历占58.3%;55.6%的人认为专科护士培训时间应定为周末,61.6%的人认为肿瘤专科护士应进一步细化专业并定专科培训.53.0%的人认为理论与实习课时比应小于1:1.结论结合湖北、河南两省肿瘤科护士现状及其对肿瘤专科护士培养的意见,建议尽快解决护士人员配备不足现状,且肿瘤专科护士培养对象应以专科学历、中级职称、肿瘤专科护理时间4～6年为起点.     

肿瘤专科护士在癌症疼痛控制中的实践与思考

介绍了肿瘤专科护士在癌症疼痛控制中的临床实践 ,包括护士在疼痛评估、护理教育、护理科研、社区护理以及患者和家属的教育方面开展的工作。强调了肿瘤专科护士对保证疼痛治疗顺利进行以及促进专科护理发展的重要性。     

跨院联合基地肿瘤专科护士专业实践现状研究

目的调查跨院联合基地培养的肿瘤专科护士专科领域护理实践现状,为合理设置专科护理岗位提供依据。方法自行设计肿瘤专科护士护理实践情况调查问卷,选取2010年至2012年浙江省肿瘤专科护理培训基地获得肿瘤专科护士合格证书的49名浙江省学员进行调查。结果医疗机构可提供专科护理案例基本足够;专科护士岗位基本分布在临床,34名专科护士的专业领域实践时间占2/3以上;专业领域实践主要涉及9个方面的护理职能,以化疗护理为主(占93.88%);专科工作团队以科室同事为主。结论肿瘤专科护士岗位分布基本合理,临床护理实践涵盖面广,团队工作模式基本形成,但工作职责需进一步明确。     

护士人文护理培训现状及需求的多中心调查研究

目的 了解护士人文护理培训现状和培训需求,为制订人文护理培训方案、有针对性的开展护士人文护理在职培训提供依据。 方法 2021年8月—9月,采用便利抽样法,抽取全国28个省市的23 707名护士为调查对象,采用自行设计的问卷通过问卷星平台进行调查。 结果 99.71%的护士自入职后至少参加过1项人文护理相关内容的培训,54.61%的护士有26项内容的培训经历,26项人文护理培训内容的培训率和需求率分别为74.63%~98.30%和88.75%~96.35%。护士参加培训的途径主要为岗前培训（77.08%）、护士分层核心能力培训（73.56%）及医院公共培训（72.92%）;培训形式主要有理论讲授（85.96%）、视频学习（72.61%）、案例教学法（64.17%）;培训师资主要为护理管理者（89.19%）。培训形式单一（49.42%）、内容缺乏针对性（46.78%）、培训课程不系统（37.47%）、培训师资力量不强（36.87%）是目前培训存在的主要问题。95.02%的护士认为有必要针对临床护士建立系统规范的人文护理执业能力培训课程,87.93%的护士认为有必要开展人文护理专科护士培训,在培训模式的选择上,46.19%的护士选择理论和实践各一半的模式,93.54%的护士希望通过线上进行理论知识的培训。 结论 国内护士人文护理在职培训的培训内容广泛、培训率较高、培训需求大。在培训课程、培训形式、培训师资等方面应进一步完善,亟需规范护士人文护理在职培训课程、构建人文护理培训模式,以提高培训效果。     

口腔修复专科护理操作规范化培训的实践

目的探讨口腔修复专科护理操作规范化培训的做法。方法建立一套规范化操作指导的培训管理模式,形成不同年资护理人员的培训体系,制订专科护理操作技术标准及考核标准,对全体护士进行培训。结果患者对护理操作技术的满意度及医生对护士配合的满意度均提高(P0.01)。结论规范口腔护理操作技术,形成口腔修复特色培训模式,提高护理质量。     

Remote nursing training model combined with proceduralization in the intensive care unit dealing with patients with COVID-19

The shortage of personal protective equipment and lack of proper nursing training have been endangering health care workers dealing with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In our treatment center, the implementation of a holistic care model of time-sharing management for severe and critical COVID-19 patients has further aggravated the shortage of intensive care unit (ICU) professional nurses. Therefore, we developed a short-term specialized and targeted nursing training program to help ICU nurses to cope with stress and become more efficient, thus reducing the number of nurses required in the ICU. In order to avoid possible human-to-human spread, small teaching classes and remote training were applied. The procedural training mode included four steps: preparation, plan, implementation, and evaluation. An evaluation was conducted throughout the process of nursing training. In this study, we documented and shared experiences in transitioning from traditional face-to-face programs to remote combined with proceduralization nursing training mode from our daily work experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic, which has shown to be helpful for nurses working in the ICU.     

护士分层次岗位培训的方法与效果

目的探讨从普通护士到专科护士的梯队化培养方法,建立以岗位需求为导向的专科护理队伍,提高护理质量和服务能力。方法建立培训组织,制订各层级护士培训内容与方法,并进行考评与晋级。结果3年内护士统一规范化培训率100．00％,考核合格率100．00％;各层级护士专科岗位能力培训率100．00％,考核合格率98．60％;培训专科护士10名,开设护理专科门诊3个,其中5名护士成为市护理学科带头人。结论规范化、标准化、制度化的护士分层培训有助于护士明确目标,提高培训成效。     

急诊-重症科一体化护理管理模式对培养急危重症专科护士的效果观察

目的 探讨急危重症专科护士的培养模式,为临床培养急危重症专科护士提供依据.方法 2008年6月,本院建立急诊-重症科一体化护理管理模式,并根据模式对急危重症护士进行培训,比较培训前后专科护士的核心能力、患者满意度及护士抢救患者的成功率.结果 培洲后护士的专科护理理论、护理技术、临床护理综合能力得分高于培训前(均P＜0....     

Swedish ambulance nurses' experiences of nursing patients suffering cardiac arrest

Effective pre‐hospital treatment of a person suffering cardiac arrest is a challenging task for the ambulance nurses. The aim of this study was to describe ambulance nurses’ experiences of nursing patients suffering cardiac arrest. Qualitative personal interviews were conducted during 2011 in Sweden with seven ambulance nurses with experience of nursing patients suffering cardiac arrests. The interview texts were analyzed using qualitative thematic content analysis, which resulted in the formulation of one theme with six categories. Mutual preparation, regular training and education were important factors in the nursing of patients suffering cardiac arrest. Ambulance nurses are placed in ethically demanding situations regarding if and for how long they should continue cardio‐pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) to accord with pre‐hospital cardiac guidelines and patients’ wishes. When a cardiac arrest patient is nursed their relatives also need the attention of ambulance nurses. Reflection is one way for ambulance nurses to learn from, and talk about, their experiences. This study provides knowledge of ambulance nurses’ experiences in the care of people with cardiac arrest. Better feedback about the care given by the ambulance nurses, and about the diagnosis and nursing care the patients received after they were admitted to the hospital are suggested as improvements that would allow ambulance nurses to learn more from their experience. Further development and research concerning the technical equipment might improve the situation for both the ambulance nurses and the patients. Ambulance nurses need regularly training and education to be prepared for saving people's lives and also to be able to make the right decisions.     

成批烧伤患者护理专科技能培训的应用与效果

目的探讨成批烧伤患者护理专科技能培训的效果。方法成立培训小组,确定培训内容,针对参与8批次烧伤患者护理的169名护理人员进行为期2周的烧伤专科护理技能培训。结果培训后烧伤专科理论和操作考核成绩及护理人员自评与他评均提高(P0.01)。结论针对性的成批烧伤患者专科护理技能培训,能够保证专科护理效果,提高患者的救治成功率。     

Nursing students' perception of group supervision during clinical training

Aim. The aim of this study was to investigate nursing students’ perception of and satisfaction with clinical group supervision based on a special model, used in nursing training. Background. Long‐standing efforts have been made to create supervision models in nursing training that promote personal and professional development and prepare nursing students to cope with the complex and demanding situations they will face as registered nurses. Methods. Data were collected from nursing students (n = 43) during their clinical training by means of two questionnaires. Most questions were concerned with the importance of factors involved in the contract and the students’ experiences of how these factors were covered during the clinical group supervision. Findings. The findings showed that, before starting the supervision programme, most all the students expressed positive attitudes towards group supervision, but 25% had negative expectations as well. At the end of the programme all students thought that group supervision had been an important support to them during their training and almost everyone wanted to participate in group supervision in the future as registered nurses. The findings showed that both the structure and the climate were important for the success of the group supervision. Relevance to clinical practice. The findings will strengthen the model and confirm its usefulness in clinical training for nursing students. Using this supervision model, which includes reflection about feelings, thoughts and actions, the students will be well prepared for demanded situations in their future role as a registered nurse. A replication of this study addressed to trained nurses would be valuable.     

效果为本能力培训模式建立及效果评价

目的：建立效果为本能力培训模式并评价其成效。方法：确定COPD延续护理核心能力,并以此为导向设置课程,对21名临床和社区护士进行培训,以问卷调查培训前后护士的能力变化。结果：经培训后,学员执行COPD患者延续护理的评估、计划、实施和评价4方面的能力显著提高（P〈0.05）。结论：效果为本能力培训模式能有效地提高临床和社区护士COPD延续护理能力;研究可为日后研究人员培训、专科护士培训、临床和社区护士的在职培训提供借鉴经验。     

新形势下医院护士专业化教育培训体系构建与实践

目的:构建新形势下医院护士专业化教育培训体系。方法:以开展高级护理专业技能培训为引领,以夯实基本素质培训为起点,以强化基本技能培训为基础,以拓展专科护理技能培训为支撑,构建医院护士专业化教育培训体系。结果:护士专业化教育培训体系的构建与实践显著提高了全院护理人员的综合护理技能与知识理论水平、提升了全院基础护理服务质量、提高了全院护理科研水平。结论:新形势下医院护士专业化教育培训体系的构建具有重要的实践意义。