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1.
[目的]观察膝骨关节炎对病人平衡能力的影响。[方法]观察年龄相当的健康志愿者、单膝骨关节炎病人、双膝骨关节炎病人的位置觉测试、闭眼单腿站立测试、膝关节伸屈肌群等速肌力测试、骨性关节炎指数评分(WOMAC)的差异及其相关性。[结果]双膝骨关节炎病人的闭眼单腿站立时间较健康志愿者明显缩短(P0.05),与膝关节伸、屈肌群等速峰力矩密切相关(P0.05),与WOMAC评分不相关(P0.05)。膝骨关节炎病人的位置觉测试与膝关节伸、屈肌群等速峰力矩、WOMAC评分均不相关(P0.05)。[结论]膝骨关节炎病人的平衡能力较正常人降低,应进行膝关节伸、屈肌群训练,预防跌倒。  相似文献   

2.
背景:研究表明,膝骨关节炎患者关节本体感觉功能减退,而关节本体感觉在防止膝关节退行性疾病进展方面具有明显的作用。目的:观察非类固醇抗炎药双氯芬酸钠缓释胶囊对膝骨关节炎患者关节本体感觉的影响。设计、时间及地点:单一样本的自身对照观察,2007-06/2008-03上海市中医医院骨伤科门诊。对象:选择在上海市中医医院骨伤科门诊就诊的膝骨关节炎患者28例。方法:给予每例患者口服双氯芬酸钠缓释胶囊1粒/次,1次/d,连续服用4周。采用以患者为试验对象的自身对照试验方法,每例患者只观察1个患病关节。主要观察指标:治疗前、治疗4周后各采用BiodexSystem3型等速肌力测试训练系统测试关节位置觉和关节运动觉的变化。观察关节位置觉指标包括关节被动角度重现测量值及主动角度重现测量值;关节运动觉指标为被动运动阈值测量值。结果:①治疗4周后,28例患者的被动角度重现测量值及主动角度重现测量值与治疗前差异均无显著性意义(P>0.05);但对于骨关节炎病变较轻,重建角度小于10°的患者,被动角度重现测量值及主动角度重现测量值显著低于治疗前(P<0.05)。②治疗4周后,28例患者的被动运动阈值测量值均显著低于治疗前(P<0.05)。结论:双氯芬酸钠缓释胶囊能改善膝骨关节炎患者的运动觉和缺陷较轻的位置觉。  相似文献   

3.
王广  权莉  林丽君 《中国康复》2021,36(9):550-552
目的:探究动作观察疗法(AOT)结合常规运动治疗对膝骨性关节炎(KOA)患者的影响。方法:60例KOA患者随机分为观察组和对照组各30例,2组都接受常规运动治疗,观察组在常规运动治疗的基础上进行AOT治疗,对照组观看与运动无关视频。分别在治疗前和治疗12周后对2组患者采用视觉模拟评分(VAS)和西安大略与麦克马斯特大学骨关节炎指数(WOMAC)进行评估。结果:治疗12周后,2组VAS评分、WOMAC各项评分及总分均显著低于治疗前(均P<0.05),且观察组VAS评分及WOMAC中疼痛、关节功能、总分均明显低于对照组(均P<0.05),但2组WOMAC中僵硬评分比较差异无统计学意义。结论:AOT结合常规运动治疗可显著改善膝骨性关节炎患者的疼痛,僵硬和关节功能,在改善疼痛和膝关节功能方面优于单纯运动治疗。  相似文献   

4.
目的:探讨苍龟探穴针刺疗法联合痹祺胶囊对膝骨性关节炎患者疼痛程度及膝关节功能评分的影响。方法:选取2017年12月~2019年1月收治的98例膝骨性关节炎患者作为研究对象,根据治疗方案的不同分为试验组和对照组,各49例。对照组给予双氯芬酸钠治疗,试验组给予苍龟探穴针刺疗法+痹祺胶囊治疗。比较两组疗效,治疗前后膝关节功能评分、膝关节骨性关节炎严重性指数评分和疼痛视觉模拟评分。结果:试验组治疗总有效率为95.92%,高于对照组的75.51%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后,试验组膝关节功能评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);试验组膝关节骨性关节炎严重性指数评分、疼痛视觉模拟评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:苍龟探穴针刺疗法联合痹祺胶囊治疗膝骨性关节炎患者疗效显著,能缓解疼痛,改善其膝关节功能,提高其生活质量。  相似文献   

5.
目的:观察悬吊训练结合本体感觉训练对脑卒中患者上肢功能的影响。方法:采用随机数字法将69例脑卒中患者分为试验组(n=34)和对照组(n=35)。试验组在接受基础常规康复训练的基础上采用悬吊训练结合本体感觉训练治疗,对照组采用常规康复治疗。治疗前后采用疼痛目测类比法(VAS)、重复定位测试(RT)、简化Fugl-Meyer量表上肢部分(FMA-UE)来评估患者的功能。结果:共61例患者完成试验。治疗后,两组VAS、RT、FMA-UE评分均较治疗前改善(P0.05),且试验组的VAS、RT评分(90°、150°)、FMA-UE优于对照组(P0.05),RT评分在30°处二者相比较无显著性差异(P0.05)。结论:悬吊训练结合本体感觉训练可减轻早期脑卒中患者肩痛,提高患者上肢本体感觉,促进上肢运动功能的恢复。  相似文献   

6.
摘要 目的:本研究将通过临床随机对照研究观察体外冲击波治疗(ESWT)对膝关节骨性关节炎(KOA)患者的疼痛和功能状态的影响,并探讨体外冲击波治疗后T2 mapping的变化及其意义。 方法:选取36例早中期膝关节骨性关节炎患者为受试者。将符合纳入标准的受试者随机分为对照组和试验组,试验组接受以肌力训练为主的康复训练,包括膝关节活动度训练、下肢肌力训练等,并进行超声引导下ESWT治疗;对照组行以肌力训练为主的康复训练,并进行冲击波能流密度为0的超声引导下ESWT治疗。对所有受试者,分别在治疗前、治疗后即刻及治疗后12周(±7天)行膝关节活动度、VAS评分、WOMAC评分、6MWT等评定,治疗前及治疗后12周(±7天)行膝关节核磁T2 mapping评估软骨损伤和退变程度。 结果:试验组和对照组相比较,治疗后即刻及治疗后12周VAS评分和WOMAC评分均存在显著性差异(P<0.05),在WOMAC评分中的疼痛和僵硬评分存在显著性差异(P<0.05),关节功能评分无显著性差异(P>0.05);两组治疗后即刻与治疗前6MWT差值及治疗后12周与治疗前差值存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。治疗后12周(±7天)试验组和对照组T2 mapping值无显著性差异(P>0.05);T2 mapping值与VAS评分、WOMAC评分均无显著相关性(R<0.4)。 结论:体外冲击波治疗可减轻膝关节骨性关节炎患者的疼痛,改善膝关节功能,有效提高患者的步行能力。本研究条件下体外冲击波治疗不能改善膝关节骨性关节炎患者关节软骨的T2 mapping值,T2 mapping值与膝关节骨性关节炎患者的膝关节疼痛和功能无直接关系。  相似文献   

7.
电针对膝骨关节炎患者本体感觉影响的临床观察*   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
目的:观察电针对膝骨关节炎患者关节本体感觉的影响。方法:对30例膝关节炎患者采用膝眼穴电针治疗,以关节被动角度重现(PAR)、主动角度重现(AAR)和被动运动阈值测量值(TDPM)为观察指标。结果:治疗4周后,PAR、由治疗前的10.10°±2.17°减至8.54°±1.98°;AAR由治疗前的8.87°±2.91°减至7.09°±2.62°,TDPM由治疗前的7.50°±1.62°减至5.83°±1.86°,与治疗前相比差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)。结论:电针能明显改善膝骨关节炎患者的本体感觉。  相似文献   

8.
目的:观察当归拈痛汤合宣痹汤配合运动疗法治疗膝骨性关节炎(湿热痹阻)的临床效果。方法:选取膝骨性关节炎(湿热痹阻)患者80例,按照随机数字表法将所收患者分为观察组和对照组,每组40例。对照组予以常规西药治疗;观察组给予当归拈痛汤合宣痹汤,同时进行适当的功能锻炼,2组均治疗8周,采用视觉模拟评分(VAS)及骨性关节炎指数评分表(WOMAC)对2组进行疗效评价。结果:观察组总有效率为92.50%,对照组总有效率为75.00%,观察组优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组在治疗后VAS及WOMAC评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),且观察组治疗后VAS和WOMAC评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组不良反应发生率为2.50%,对照组不良反应发生率为27.50%,2组比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:当归拈痛汤合宣痹汤配合运动疗法治疗膝骨性关节炎(湿热痹阻)效果显著,且用药安全,能够明显减轻患者膝关节疼痛不适、屈伸活动受限等临床症状,值得临床推广。  相似文献   

9.
背景;前交叉韧带重建是前交叉韧带损伤的主要治疗方案,近年来,前交叉韧带重建后膝关节本体感觉的研究进展迅速.目的:对关节镜下半腱肌和股薄肌双束重建膝关节前交叉韧带后的本体感觉进行评定.设计、时间及地点:病例对照,于2007-08/2008-06在潍坊医学院附属医院骨科完成.对象:用14例关节镜下半腱肌和股薄肌双束重建前交叉韧带的男性患者作为试验组和14例健康男性作为对照组.方法:所有患者前交叉韧带重建都经过12个月神经肌肉康复训练,通过在负重的条件下屈伸运动重现设定的角度来评定关节的位置觉,测试健康的受试者和患者的双膝伸膝运动、屈膝运动关节位置重现偏差.主要观察指标:患者的患侧膝关节、健侧膝关节和健康受试者膝关节在伸膝运动和屈膝运动时主动关节位置重现测试的比较.结果:患者患膝与健膝关节位置重现偏差、患者侧膝与健康者关节位置重现偏差及患者健膝与健康者关节位置重现偏差比较,差异均无显著性意义(P0.05).结论:前交叉韧带重建后12个月的患膝和健康膝关节在承重条件下的位置觉无明显差别.  相似文献   

10.
目的探讨超声波导入、推拿手法和肌力训练对膝骨关节炎(KOA)患者本体感觉的影响。方法 30例老年KOA患者在给予健康教育指导的基础上,2周内对患膝进行10次双氯芬酸二乙胺乳胶剂经脉冲超声波导入、6次推拿手法治疗和每日1~2次的股四头肌肌力增强训练,并于治疗前后给予西安大略和麦克马斯特大学骨关节炎指数(WOMAC)评分、下肢等长肌力测试和本体位置觉测试。结果受试者治疗前后的WOMAC得分、患膝的最大肌力与平均肌力、患膝关节的复位误差平均值之间均存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论超声波导入、推拿手法和肌力训练可明显促进KOA患者本体感觉的恢复。  相似文献   

11.
Objective: To identify patterns of nonfatal and fatal penetrating trauma among children and adults in New Mexico using ED and medical examiner data.
Methods: The authors retrospectively sampled in 5-year intervals all victims of penetrating trauma who presented to either the state Level-1 trauma center or the state medical examiner from a 16-year period (1978–1993). Rates of nonfatal and fatal firearm and stabbing injury were compared for children and adults.
Results: Rates of nonfatal injury were similar (firearm, 34.3 per 100,000 person-years; stabbing, 35.1). However, rates of fatal injury were significantly different (firearm, 21.9; stabbing, 2.7; relative risk: 8.2; 95% confidence interval: 5.4, 12.5). From 1978 to 1993, nonfatal injury rates increased for children (p = 0.0043) and adults (p < 0.0001), while fatal penetrating injury remained constant. The increase in nonfatal injury in children resulted from increased firearm injury rates. In adults, both stabbing and firearm nonfatal injury rates increased.
Conclusions: Nonfatal injury data suggest that nonfatal violence has increased; fatal injury data suggest that violent death rates have remained constant. Injury patterns vary by age, mechanism of trauma, and data source. These results suggest that ED and medical examiner data differ and that both are needed to guide injury prevention programs.  相似文献   

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Three supplementary perspectives are presented arguing that interprofessional collaboration is both necessary and desirable. Nonetheless, there are often too many serious intra-professional barriers and obstacles to interprofessional collaboration to make it successful. Some of these barriers, it is argued and illustrated, are found in the multiple ways in which professional identity is tacitly acquired and embodied in the practitioners' habitual, everyday practice. The paper then explores ways in which reflection, especially Second order reflection, can help to elucidate and overcome these obstacles, as well as increasing professional adaptability and competence.  相似文献   

13.
目的 探讨手转胎头术失败的原因与分娩结局.方法 选择2008年1月至2010年12月于我院住院分娩的持续性枕横位、枕后位产妇198例,根据行手转胎头术后结果分为成功组126例、失败组72例.比较两组分娩结局,对比分析失败原因.结果 失败组胎儿体质量≥3500 g的发生率[76.4%(55/72)]明显高于成功组[31.7%(40/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2=30.177,P=0.001)、失败组宫缩乏力发生率[58.3%(42/72)]高于成功组[38.1% (48/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2=7.569,P=0.006)、失败组骨盆临界或轻度狭窄发生率[38.9% (28/72)]高于成功组[23.8%(30/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2 =5.030,P=0.002)、失败组手转胎头时机不当(宫口开大<6 cm、胎头位于坐骨棘上及宫口开大8~10 cm、胎头位于坐骨棘下≥2 cm)发生率[61.1%(44/72)]高于成功组[38.9%(49/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2=9.084,P=0.003).失败组母儿并发症(产后出血、产褥病率、胎儿窘迫、新生儿窒息)发生率高于成功组(x2 =9.586,P=0.002、x2=9.334,P=0.002、x2=5.910,P=0.015、x2=5.240,P=0.022)、失败组剖宫产发生率[72.2%(52/72)]明显高于成功组[34.1 %(43/126),x2=26.641,P=0.001)].结论 手转胎头术能使难产变顺产,降低剖宫产率,减少母儿并发症,但须积极预防、处理导致手转胎头术失败的原因,对矫正失败后继续矫正及试产应慎重.  相似文献   

14.
ABSTRACT

The Cochrane Library of Systematic Reviews is published quarterly as a DVD and monthly online. The January 2011 issue (first quarterly DVD for 2011) contains 4515 complete reviews, 1985 protocols for reviews in production, and 13,521 one-page summaries of systematic reviews published in the general medical literature. In addition, there are citations of 641,000 randomized controlled trials, and 14,018 cited papers in the Cochrane methodology register. The health technology assessment database contains over 9300 citations. One hundred and seven new reviews have been published in the last 3 months, of which five have potential relevance for practitioners in pain and palliative medicine.  相似文献   

15.
This is a new method for the determination of creatine kinase isoenzyme MB activity in serum. The method uses direct activity measurement of creatine kinase B subunit activity after blocking of CK-M subunit activity by inhibiting antibodies. The test takes no longer than 15 min. The method yields an intra-serial C.V. of 2.0-12.9%, and a C.V. from day to day of 5.5%. The detection limit is 3.4 U/l creatine kinase MB. In the 95 cases with proven myocardial infarction several types of creatine kinase MB activity kinetics could be determined. The percentage of creatine kinase MB of peak CK-total is 6-25%, with a mean of 11.1%. The amount of creatine kinase MB with respect to total CK activity after reinfarction is higher than the amount after initial infarction.  相似文献   

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ZusammenfassungFragestellung Es wurde geprüft, wie sich der Differenziertheitsgrad zweier Schmerzmessmethoden auf Angaben zur Ausgedehntheit klinischer Schmerzen auswirkt. Zugleich wurde der Referenzzeitraum variiert, über den die Patienten berichten sollten.Methode Erfasst wurde der Einfluss zu Lasten der Befragungsdifferenziertheit durch den Vergleich zweier Körperschema-Bildvorlagen. Drei Referenzzeiträume (Schmerz aktuell, letzte Woche, letztes halbes Jahr) wurden vorgegeben.Ergebnisse Patienten mit ausgedehnten Schmerzen gaben bei differenzierter Befragung um so mehr Schmerzen an, je weiter die Schmerzen zurück lagen und je größer der Berichtszeitraum war. Patienten mit gelenknahen Schmerzen gaben bei hoch differenzierter Befragung weniger ausgedehnte Schmerzen in der Vergangenheit an als bei globaler Einschätzung. Patienten mit Rückenschmerzen berichteten bei differenzierter Befragung zum aktuellen Schmerz über weniger ausgedehnte Schmerzen als bei globaler Befragung.Schlussfolgerung Die Angaben zur Schmerzausdehnung variieren vor allem bei Patienten mit ausgedehnten Schmerzen in Abhängigkeit von der Differenziertheit der Befragung. In diesen Fällen ist die Wahrscheinlichkeit erhöht, dass sich die Beschwerdesymptomatik zumindest teilweise erst in der Reaktion auf die situativen Befragungsbedingungen konstituiert und daher nicht auf andere Befragungsbedingungen generalisiert werden kann.  相似文献   

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The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) in the USA operates a network of 172 medical centres which all utilize a hospital information system (HIS) which has been developed and is currently maintained by the VA. During the past several years, an image management and communication module has been developed, installed and clinically utilized at the Washington DC and Maryland VA Medical Centres. This image management and communication system, referred to as the decentralized hospital computer program (DHCP) imaging system, is fully integrated with a commercial picture archiving and communication system (PACS). The system is utilized to capture, archive, and display all images generated within the hospital including radiology, nuclear medicine, pathology, endoscopy, bronchoscopy, and dermatology, intraoperative photographs, ECG data, and a limited number of paper documents. The ultimate goal of the project is to have all patient text and image data available at any clinical workstation to any authorized user anywhere within the network of medical centres. Clinical requirements for an imaging workstation include ease of use, rapid and reliable access to the complete set of patient information, and images which are of acceptable quality to meet the requirements of the user and the subspecialty. Patient confidentiality and data security must be safeguarded at all times. Integration of the images with the remainder of the patient's database was found to be critical to the success of the project. The experience at the Washington and Maryland facilities suggests that an imaging system that is successfully integrated with a hospital information system can provide substantial clinical and economic benefits both within and among medical centres. Clinical acceptance and utilization of the system has been excellent, particularly in diagnostic radiology where DHCP Imaging has been interfaced to a commercial PAC system. Based upon this initial experience, the VA has begun to deploy the system throughout its large network of medical centres.  相似文献   

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