经皮椎体成形骨水泥注入治疗椎体重度压缩伴周壁破损性骨折

背景:经皮椎体成形已广泛应用于治疗老年骨质疏松性椎体骨折,然而椎体重度压缩伴椎体周壁破损性骨折因其骨水泥渗漏及穿刺风险增大而临床报道很少。目的:探讨应用经皮椎体成形骨水泥注入治疗椎体重度压缩伴周壁破损性骨折的可行性,并评价其临床效果。方法:选择2008-06/2010-09收治的22例椎体重度压缩伴椎体周壁破损骨折患者,伤椎椎体高度平均丢失68.5%,应用经皮椎体成形治疗。术后应用目测类比疼痛评分评价疗效,改良Stauffer-Coventry评定系统评定随访结果。结果与结论:全部病例顺利完成经皮椎体成形治疗,完成12个月随访。术后伤椎高度均有不同程度的恢复,至随访末期椎体高度无明显丢失。术后疼痛明显减轻或消失,测类比疼痛评分由术前平均8.8分降至术后平均2.2分。无症状性并发症及骨水泥材料宿主反应发生。提示椎体重度压缩伴椎体周壁破损性骨折应用经皮椎体成形治疗是安全可行的,且镇痛效果理想。     

经皮椎体注入骨水泥治疗老年脊椎骨质疏松压缩性骨折

目的:观察经皮椎体内注入骨水泥(聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯)治疗脊椎骨质疏松压缩性骨折的疗效。方法:自2005-06/2006-06吉林大学中日联谊医院骨科及大庆龙南医院骨科对35例40个椎体的骨质疏松压缩性骨折患者使用经皮椎体内注射骨水泥,行椎体成形术。成形材料:美国KYPHON公司生产的骨水泥,生产准许号:(GB/T19001-2000和YY/T0287-1996)。结果:35例患者均参加随访6个月。术后均未出现骨水泥外漏、脊髓或马尾神经损伤等并发症。35例患者中5例出现穿刺部位局部疼痛,服用镇痛药物后均缓解。疼痛完全消失25例,占71.4%;明显缓解8例,占22.6%;轻度缓解2例,占6.0%;无缓解0例。15例患者在术后72h内均能下床活动。术后未再发生压缩性骨折及疼痛。结论:经皮椎体注入骨水泥可以有效改善椎体骨质疏松压缩性骨折患者疼痛症状,随访6个月未出现充填剂不良性宿主反应,临床疗效较好。     

椎体成形术中注入骨水泥对骨质疏松压缩性骨折相邻椎体发生骨折的影响

目的探讨椎体成形术中注入骨水泥对骨质疏松压缩性骨折患者相邻椎体骨折发生情况的影响。方法选取106例骨质疏松压缩性骨折患者作为研究对象,采用随机抽签法均分为对照组与观察组。对照组椎体成形术中在椎体内注入人工骨,观察组椎体成形术中注入骨水泥,分析并比较2组患者发生相邻椎体骨折的情况。结果术后1个月,观察组患者的临床总有效率为98. 11%,显著高于对照组92. 45%(P 0. 05);观察组患者术后1个月、3个月、1年的相邻椎体骨折发生率分别为0%、1. 89%、3. 77%,均显著低于对照组(P 0. 05);术后7 d、3个月时,观察组患者的伤椎前缘高度、伤椎后缘高度均高于对照组,Cobb角、Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)、视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P 0. 05);术后1个月,观察组患者并发症总发生率为5. 67%,显著低于对照组9. 44%(P 0. 05)。结论椎体成形术中注入骨水泥可以降低骨质疏松压缩性骨折患者发生相邻椎体骨折的概率。     

骨水泥注入椎体后壁破损型骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折椎体成形12例

中山市人民医院骨科于2005-01/2008-09应用CT引导下椎体成形治疗椎体后壁破损型骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折患者12例,男4例,女8例,骨折部位T10～L5,其中单椎体骨折8例,两椎体骨折3例,三椎体骨折1例,椎体均压缩1/2以上.手术均顺利完成,无椎管内骨水泥渗漏,平均手术时间45 min.提示在CT引导下对椎体后壁破损型骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折行椎体成形术可有效降低骨水泥的渗漏率,提高安全性.     

高黏度骨水泥经皮椎体成形术治疗老年骨质疏松椎体压缩性骨折

目的探讨高黏度骨水泥经皮椎体成形术治疗老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折的效果。方法将100例骨质疏松椎体压缩性骨折患者按照随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,各50例。观察组注入高黏度骨水泥,对照组注入低黏度骨水泥,观察术后两组患者疼痛、功能障碍以及Cobb角、椎体前缘高度恢复情况。结果两组患者VAS、ODI评分均较治疗前明显改善,P0.01;观察组改善更为明显,与对照组比较,P0.05;两组患者Cobb角、椎体前缘高度均较治疗前明显改善,P0.05;观察组改善更为明显,与对照组比较,P0.05。结论高黏骨水泥经皮椎体成形术治疗骨质疏松椎体压缩性骨折可有效缓解患者疼痛程度,提高生活质量。     

经皮椎体成形过程中骨水泥注入及其并发症

经皮椎体成肜以其创伤小、操作方式简单、疗效快且确切、安全性高、适应证广等优点,很快受到广泛关注和接受,尤其是在治疗椎体压缩性骨折方面取得了明显的疗效.聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯是目前最常用的填充物;单侧注射和双侧沣射疗效没有明显差别;应用对比剂及掌握合适的骨水泥黏稠度可以减少骨水泥的渗漏率;成形前腰部垫枕自身复位可以恢复椎体的高度,避免采用操作复杂及价格昂贵的球囊后凸成形及骨膨胀椎体后凸成形;进行经皮椎体成形时应该配合应用抗骨质疏松药物,以减少椎体再骨折的发生.     

经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗重度骨质疏松椎体压缩性骨折

目的探讨应用经皮球囊椎体后凸成形术（percutaneous kyphoplasty,PKP）治疗重度骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折（osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture,OVCF）的可行性和有效性。方法对33例重度骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折患者行PKP术。测量伤椎前缘、中缘及Cobb’s角度术前、术后值,同时应用视觉模拟数字评分（VAS）及功能障碍指数（ODI）综合评估手术疗效。结果33例患者手术均顺利,术后随访14～39个月,平均22．6个月。VAS评分、ODI评分分别由术前的（7．9±0．8）分、（74．2±9．9）分降至术后的（2．9±0．9）分、（36．8±8．6）分,差异有统计学意义（P〈O．05）;末次随访时VAS评分、ODI评分分别为（2．7±1．1）分、（35．6±6．9）分,较术后差异无统计学意义。伤椎前缘、中缘高度由术前的（30．6±8．1）％、（40．5±14．9）％恢复至术后的（66．9±13．5）％、（74．5±10．3）％,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。术前椎体Cobb’s角度（25．3±8．8）°,术后（14．7±7．2）°,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。11例（33％）术中出现骨水泥渗漏,但并未产生临床症状。结论经皮球囊椎体后凸成形术治疗重度骨质疏松椎体压缩性骨折疗效确切,并发症少,术后功能恢复良好。     

经皮椎体成形术治疗重度椎体压缩性骨折

选取2011年9月~2014年8月我院收治的采用经皮穿刺椎体成形术治疗的高龄骨质疏松性椎体SVCF 55例,随机分为经皮穿刺椎体成形术组(25例)和对照组(30例),观察分析经皮穿刺椎体成形术组和对照组的椎体前缘高度及椎体中段高度以及术后VAS评分。经皮穿刺椎体成形术组的椎体前缘高度及椎体中段高度显著高于对照组(P<0.05);经皮穿刺椎体成形术组术后的VAS评分显著低于对照组(P<0.05);经皮穿刺椎体成形术组住院时间显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。经皮穿刺椎体成形术能够提高骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折的治疗效果,恢复椎体的高度,且能够减轻患者的术后疼痛。     

椎体骨水泥注入联合抗骨质疏松药物治疗急性骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折

背景：经皮椎体后凸成形治疗椎体压缩性骨折疗效显著,具有创伤小、出血与并发症少、术后恢复快、大部分老年患者可以耐受等特点,但其只是一种治疗手段,并不能有效预防老年患者术后再次发生椎体压缩性骨折。目的：评估经皮椎体后凸成形联合抗骨质疏松药物治疗急性骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折的临床疗效。方法：纳入急性骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折患者137例（198个治疗椎体）,其中女111例,男26例,年龄（75.55±6.96）岁,行椎体内注射聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯骨水泥经皮椎体后凸成形治疗,治疗后连续3个月服用抗骨质疏松药物。治疗前、治疗后1周、治疗后3个月检查目测类比评分、骨折椎体高度恢复率、Oswestry功能障碍指数、Cobb角,同时记录并发症发生率及椎体压缩性骨折再发生率。结果与结论：所有患者治疗后1周、治疗后3个月的目测类比评分、骨折椎体高度恢复率、Oswestry功能障碍指数、Cobb角均较治疗前明显改善（P 〈0.001）。术后并发症发生率为0.7%,3个月随访期间未再发生椎体压缩性骨折。表明经皮椎体后凸成形联合抗骨质疏松药物可有效治疗急性骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折。     

骨水泥植入经皮椎体成形治疗胸腰椎体骨折

背景:近年来,经皮椎体成形作为一种安全有效的微创手术广泛应用于治疗骨质疏松性压缩骨折和椎体肿瘤引起的溶骨性骨破坏,获得了满意的效果。目的:从骨水泥角度,探讨骨水泥与椎体成形治疗胸腰椎骨折疗效的关系。方法:以"椎体成形术,腰椎,胸椎,椎体骨折,骨水泥";"pereutaneous vertebroplasty,PVP,thoracic vertebra,lumbar vertebra,vertebral fracture,bone cement"为关键词检索维普数据库和Pubmed数据库,纳入与经皮椎体成形、骨水泥植入临床研究相关的文章,以22篇文献为重点进行了讨论。临床验证选择新乡医学院第一附属医院骨外科收治的40例(56个椎体)胸腰椎体骨折引起的疼痛患者,在C形臂X射线机引导下,经皮穿刺完成椎体成形手术,观察术后疼痛改善,并分析并发症发生情况。结果与结论:目前在经皮椎体成形中常用的骨水泥有聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯骨水泥、磷酸钙骨水泥、硫酸钙骨水泥等。目前仍不清楚为骨折愈合提供足够稳定和预防疼痛所需要的骨水泥量及成分比,但应尽量使用小剂量的骨水泥,且使骨水泥分布均匀,同时应根据病变椎体的不同情况,选择合适的注射方式,防止骨水泥渗漏与新椎体骨折。临床验证结果说明经皮椎体成形可以有效止痛,术后随访显示止痛效果与注入骨水泥的量无正相关,且不随着时间的推移而减弱。     

改良小剂量骨水泥椎体成形治疗急性骨质疏松性压缩骨折

背景：经皮椎体成形技术已成为临床治疗脊柱骨质疏松性骨折的有效手段,但存在骨水泥渗漏风险。目的：探讨改良小剂量骨水泥椎体成形治疗急性骨质疏松性压缩骨折的效果。方法：选择2008年9月至2011年2月收治的32例骨质疏松性压缩骨折患者进行经皮椎体成形治疗,将患者按照骨水泥注入量分为改良小剂量组和常规剂量组,改良小剂量组骨水泥注入量为2-4 mL,常规剂量组骨水泥注入量为4-6 mL,将同期入院急性骨质疏松压缩骨折因手术禁忌无法进行椎体成形治疗的患者列为对照组。结果与结论：改良小剂量组和常规剂量组末次随访时疼痛缓解及椎体高度恢复率明显优于对照组（P＜0.05）。改良小剂量组骨水泥渗漏率、末次随访时相邻节段椎体继发骨折发生率明显低于常规剂量组（P＜0.05）,末次随访时椎体高度恢复率低于常规剂量组（P＜0.05）。说明椎体成形治疗操作过程中,应用改良小剂量骨水泥方法在达到满意临床效果同时,可有效减少骨水泥渗漏、相邻节段继发骨折等并发症发生率。     

经皮骨水泥注入椎体成形修复骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩骨折

背景：经皮椎体成形通过注入骨水泥材料强化压缩骨折椎体的稳定性,防止椎体进一步塌陷,发挥显著的止痛效果,但易出现骨水泥渗漏等并发症。目的：进一步评估聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯骨水泥经皮椎体成形治疗骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩骨折的疗效及安全性。方法：65例骨质疏松性胸腰椎椎体压缩骨折患者在 DSA 机引导下行聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯骨水泥经皮椎体成形治疗,对比治疗前后目测类比评分、Oswesty 功能障碍指数、椎体高度、椎体后凸角度变化,以及骨水泥渗漏情况。结果与结论：治疗后1 d目测类比评分和Oswesty功能障碍指数较治疗前降低（P〈0.01）,治疗后1个月时目测类比评分和Oswesty功能障碍指数进一步降低,与治疗后1 d比较差异有显著性意义（P〈0.05）,治疗后1,3,6个月时间点两两比较差异无显著性意义（P〉0.05）。与治疗前比较,治疗后3 d椎体前缘高度和中央高度明显恢复（P〈0.05）,Cobb角明显矫正（P 〈0.05）,至6个月后大部分椎体高度和Cobb角仍保持稳定。影像学复查显示椎旁骨水泥少量渗漏6例,其中椎旁软组织内渗漏2例,相邻椎间盘内渗漏4例,均无明显临床症状,未见神经损伤病例。提示聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯骨水泥经皮椎体成形可迅速缓解骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者的疼痛,提高多数椎体的高度,改善后凸畸形且不良反应少。     

Percutaneous vertebroplasty with bone cement in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures

Background. The authors report their own experience with percutaneous vertebroplasty. This is minimally invasive method indicated in treatment of certain spinal lesions affecting the vertebral bodies, as osteoporotic fractures, angiomas, neoplasms. The basic principle of this method is insertion of the needle into the vertebral body by transpediculat access. Needle gives an access for biopsy and therapeutic cement injection. Material and methods. Since October 1999 the authors treated 11 patients with osteoporotic compressive fractures of the spinal column. All patients suffered from severe back pain. Transpedicular insertion of the needle was realized under radiofluoroscopy or CT guidance. Fractured vertebral bodies were injected by Methylmethacrylate bone cement Palacos R. Results. All patients declared important improvement, no complications were observed. Conclusions. Transpedicular vertebroplasty is is effective in treatment of vertebral osteoporotic compression fractures. Minimally invasive procedure requiring local anaesthesia is well-tolerated by patients. Cement injection protects the vertebral body against further compression.     

Percutaneous vertebroplasty: new treatment for vertebral compression fractures

Interventional radiologists have been performing image-guided spinal procedures for many years. Percutaneous vertebroplasty is a newer technique in which a medical grade cement is injected though a needle into a painful fractured vertebral body. This stabilizes the fracture, allowing most patients to discontinue or significantly decrease analgesics and resume normal activity. The impact of this procedure on the morbidity and expense associated with symptomatic osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures in the United States may be significant. Patients who are unresponsive to conservative therapy of bed rest, analgesics, and back bracing should be considered for vertebroplasty. This procedure is contraindicated in patients with active infection, untreated coagulopathy, and certain types of fracture morphology. Because many patients have multiple chronic fractures, there should be a strong correlation between the physical examination signs, symptoms, and cross-sectional imaging findings. The success rate for this procedure in treating osteoporotic fractures is 73 to 90 percent. Vertebroplasty can effectively treat aggressive hemangiomas of the vertebral body and may be palliative in patients with malignant pathologic fractures. Significant complications of the procedure are less than 1 percent.     

经皮椎体成形术治疗胸腰椎骨质疏松压缩性骨折

目的:探讨经皮椎体成形术治疗胸腰椎骨质疏松性压缩骨折的临床效果.方法:采用经皮椎体成形术治疗胸腰椎骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折59例(76个椎体).进行临床和影像学观察评价.结果:住院时间3～12 d,平均9 d;随访2～18个月,平均6.5个月;术后腰背疼痛均明显缓解或消失,生活质量明显提高;采用VAS评分法测定:术前25～95分,平均65分,术后0～45分,平均26分.随访期内检查显示椎体高度无进一步丢失.结论:经皮椎体成形术治疗胸腰椎骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折创伤小,操作简单.能够迅速缓解疼痛,提高生活质量.     

经皮椎体成形术治疗慢性骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折的疗效分析简

目的 探讨慢性骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折（VCF）应用经皮椎体成形术（PVP）治疗的疗效.方法 对32例经MRI明确诊断为慢性VCF的患者行PVP治疗,手术前给予视觉模拟评分（VAS）,比较手术前后VAS变化的差异,评估手术疗效.结果 随访2个月至2年,术前VAS平均为（7.44±1.11）分,随访时为（3.1±0.96）分;手术的主观满意度良好.结论 MRI对于VCF患者的评估非常重要,术前MRI出现骨髓水肿信号的慢性VCF采用PVP可明显缓解疼痛、改善功能.     

Percutaneous vertebroplasty: role in treatment of vertebral compression fractures

Osteoporosis is the most common metabolic bone disorder. Vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) are a significant cause of back pain. Pain after VCF can be attributed to incomplete healing and progressive collapse of the bone. Conservative management has been the historical treatment option for patients with painful percutaneous vertebroplasties (PVs). Although seemingly harmless, conservative treatment can be risky for elderly patients suffering from VCFs. PV can be used to treat VCFs in some patients. The exact mechanism of pain relief by vertebroplasty is not understood; the pain relief is probably because of improved vertebral body strength and stiffness and decreasing motion of the vertebral body and periosteal and interosseous nerves. But, PV is not without risks. Therefore, until further studies show that PV is superior to conservative treatment, with equivalent complications profile, PV should be reserved for patients who have failed conservative treatment.     

Outcome of CT-guided vertebroplasty in outpatients with severe vertebral compression fractures

Object To determine the safety and efficacy of computed tomography (CT)/fluoroscopy-guided percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) for the treatment of painful severe osteoporotic compression fractures. Materials and methods In 26 patients with osteoporotic severe and non-severe compression fractures experiencing pain, 55 PVP were performed. Pain relief and improvement of function were estimated using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Pain Disability Index (PDI) and Hannover functional ability questionnaire (FFbH) at follow-up examinations at a median of 3 (1–31) days and 6.5 (1–18) months after PVP. Results Pain relief (VAS and PDI) was significant at first and second follow-up. The improvement of function (FFbH) was statistically significant at the second follow-up. Severity of the compression fractures did not influence these results. There were no clinical complications and no patient required follow-up surgery. Conclusion PVP is a safe and effective treatment of pain even in severe osteoporotic vertebral body compression fractures. The advantages of CT-guidance in combination with fluoroscopy technique are a minimally invasive precise procedure with high visualization and with low risk, performed cost effective on out patient basis in local anesthesia, leading to an early recovery of individual independence.