奈替芬酮康唑乳膏治疗马拉色茵毛囊炎123例疗效观察

目的 观察萘替芬酮康唑乳膏治疗马拉色茵毛囊炎的临床疗效和安全性.方法 将245例马拉色菌毛囊炎患者随机分为试验组和对照组:试验组采用萘替芬酮康唑乳膏外用,对照组采用酮康唑乳膏外用,均早晚各1次,疗程4周.结果 试验组和对照组的有效率分别是81.30％和47.54％(P＜0.01);试验组无不良反应出现.结论 萘替芬酮康唑乳膏治疗马拉色茵毛囊炎的疗效优于酮康唑乳膏,且安全可靠.     

奈替芬酮康唑乳膏治疗马拉色菌毛囊炎123例疗效观察

目的观察萘替芬酮康唑乳膏治疗马拉色菌毛囊炎的临床疗效和安全性。方法将245例马拉色菌毛囊炎患者随机分为试验组和对照组:试验组采用萘替芬酮康唑乳膏外用,对照组采用酮康唑乳膏外用,均早晚各1次,疗程4周。结果试验组和对照组的有效率分别是81.30%和47.54%(P<0.01);试验组无不良反应出现。结论萘替芬酮康唑乳膏治疗马拉色菌毛囊炎的疗效优于酮康唑乳膏,且安全可靠。     

1%联苯苄唑乳膏治疗手足癣及体股癣的临床研究

目的探讨1%联苯苄唑乳膏治疗手足癣及体股癣的临床疗效和安全性。方法采用多中心、随机、单盲、平行对照法,对照药物为1%硝酸咪康唑乳膏。在停药时和停药1周后记录症状及真菌学检查结果,并评价疗效及不良事件。结果1%联苯苄唑乳膏对手足和体股癣临床疗效、真菌学疗效、不良反应发生率与对照药1%硝酸咪康唑乳膏相似。停药1周后试验组手足癣和体股癣治愈率均高于对照组(P<0.05),但两组的有效率差异均无统计学意义(P=1.000)。结论1%联苯苄唑乳膏治疗手足癣及体股癣安全、有效。     

除湿止痒洗剂联合地奈德乳膏治疗湿疹的疗效

目的 观察除湿止痒洗剂联合地奈德乳膏治疗湿疹的有效性与安全性.方法 采用随机、单盲、平行对照的方法对63例湿疹患者应用除湿止瘁洗剂联合地奈德乳膏外用治疗,同时设立对照组64例单独外用地奈德乳膏,治疗12d后评价疗效.结果 试验组总有效率为87.30％,与对照组70.31％相比,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）;试验组和对照组发生局部刺激反应分别为6.3％和7.8％,差别无统计学意义.结论 除湿止痒洗剂联合地奈德乳膏治疗湿疹较为有效、安全.     

0.05％地奈德乳膏治疗湿疹的多中心随机双盲、对照研究

目的 了解0．05％地奈德乳膏治疗湿疹的临床疗效及安全性。方法 采用多中心、随机双盲、安慰剂对照法，试验组及对照组患者分别外用0．05％地奈德乳膏及地奈德基质，每日2次，共治疗3周。对红斑、糜烂、浸润、丘疹、渗出／结痂、瘙痒及皮损面积的总积分进行评价。结果 治疗结束时，试验组的临床总有效率为80．8％，对照组为41．1％。两组间的疗效差异有统计学意义（P〈0，0001）；试验组未见与用药相关的不良反应。结论 0．05％的地奈德乳膏治疗湿疹临床疗效可靠，安全性高。     

瘢痕乳膏治疗瘢痕的试验研究与临床观察

为研究瘢痕乳膏的制备、质量控制方法和观察其临床疗效;将100例瘢痕患者随机分为两组进行疗效对比观察。试验组用瘢痕乳膏治疗,对照组用不含地塞米松和尿素的基质治疗,每日3次,20天1个疗程,连用3个疗程。结果:试验组和对照组的总有效率分别为84.4%和50.0%,经统计学分析差异有显著性(P<0.05),未见不良反应;瘢痕乳膏的制备工艺简单,性质稳定,质量可靠,对瘢痕的治疗有良好的疗效。     

盐酸特比萘芬乳膏治疗面部脂溢性皮炎的临床疗效观察

目的评价盐酸特比萘芬乳膏外用治疗面部脂溢性皮炎的疗效与安全性。方法 78例面部脂溢性皮炎患者随机分成两组,试验组39例,接受盐酸特比萘芬乳膏外用治疗,每日2次;对照组39例,接受复方益康唑乳膏治疗,每日2次。两组患者疗程均为4周,每2周复诊1次,复诊时观察和记录疗效和不良反应,治疗结束1个月后对两组患者进行随访。结果治疗2、4周后,两组患者症状总积分均较治疗前明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。治疗2周后,试验组和对照组总有效率分别为71.8%和76.9%;治疗4周后,试验组和对照组总有效率分别为79.5%和84.6%,组间差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。此外,治疗4周后两组患者马拉色菌菌量均比治疗前明显减少,且试验组可检出马拉色菌菌量明显少于对照组。1个月后随访结果表明,试验组复发率为7.7%,显著低于对照组的43.8%。试验组和对照组不良反应发生率分别为10.3%和30.8%。结论外用盐酸特比萘芬乳膏与外用复方益康唑乳膏治疗面部脂溢性皮炎疗效均令人满意,但外用盐酸特比萘芬乳膏的复发率更低,且无糖皮质激素乳膏外用所致的不良反应。     

多磺酸粘多糖乳膏局部封包治疗掌跖角化病疗效观察

目的:评价多磺酸粘多糖乳膏局部封包治疗掌跖角化病的临床疗效。方法:采用随机、开放、平行对照的方法将60例掌跖角化病患者分为2组,试验组外用多磺酸粘多糖乳膏,每日2次,每晚局部封包皮损8 h,对照组仅外用多磺酸粘多糖乳膏,每日2次,两组均治疗3周,观察两组患者的疗效和不良反应。结果:试验组和对照组治疗后临床症状和体征积分比较,差异有统计学意义,Wilcoxon W=745(P0.05)。对照组有效率为53.33%,而试验组有效率为86.67%,两者比较差异有统计学意义,χ~2=7.94(P0.01)。试验组和对照组患者均未出现不良反应。结论:多磺酸粘多糖乳膏封包治疗掌跖角化病疗效显著且安全。     

多磺酸粘多糖乳膏治疗婴儿湿疹临床疗效观察

目的:观察多磺酸粘多糖乳膏(商品名:喜辽妥)治疗婴儿湿疹的临床疗效及不良反应。方法:采用随机、开放、平行对照的方法将140例干燥型亚急性婴儿湿疹患儿分为2组,试验组和对照组分别外用喜疗妥乳膏和肝素钠乳膏,每天2次,疗程3周,观察2组患儿的治疗结果和不良反应。结果:试验组有效率75.3%,对照组有效率53.7%,治疗组有效率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.01),2组均未见明显不良反应发生。结论:喜疗妥乳膏治疗干燥型亚急性婴儿湿疹临床疗效确切,安全性高。     

复方甘草酸苷联合维A酸乳膏和糠酸莫米松乳膏治疗寻常性银屑病疗效观察

目的探讨复方甘草酸苷联合维A酸乳膏和糠酸莫米松乳膏治疗寻常性银屑病的临床疗效。方法165例患者随机分为两组,试验组81例,口服复方甘草酸苷联合维A酸乳膏和糠酸莫米松乳膏外用;对照组84例,仅外用维A酸乳膏和糠酸莫米松乳膏,疗程均为4周,随访3个月。结果试验组有效率为76．54％,明显高于对照组（48．81％）（P〈0．01）;试验组不良反应发生率为13．58％,比对照组低（20．24％）（P〈0．05）;试验组治愈患者复发率为24．00％,低于对照组（36．00％）（P〈O．05）。结论复方甘草酸苷联合维A酸乳膏和糠酸莫米松乳膏外用治疗寻常性银屑病疗效优于仅给予维A酸乳膏和糠酸莫米松乳膏外用,且患者不良反应和复发率明显降低。     

37例麻风患者的家庭集聚性调查分析

目的:明确麻风家庭感染者的发病情况。方法:利用全国麻风病防治信息管理系统(LEPMIS)数据库,描述性分析麻风家庭感染者的发病情况。结果:符合条件的共17户家庭37例麻风患者,其中多菌型患者33例,少菌型4例;密切接触5年内发病4例(10.81%),5~10年发病者11例(29.73%),超过10年发病者13例(35.14%),不明时间者9例(24.32%);其中因父母子女关系感染17例(45.95%)、祖孙关系5例(13.51%)、兄弟关系2例(5.41%)。结论:多菌型麻风是家庭传染者的主要传染源。     

Dermatology in private practice in France in 2000

OBJECTIVES: Data regarding French dermatological practice are scarce. Our objective was to identify the skin disorders most commonly diagnosed by office-based dermatologists. We also documented the severity of these skin disorders, as reflected by the repercussions on patient's everyday life, and the way physicians managed patients. DESIGN: We carried out a one-day survey of visits to a randomly selected sample of 900 French office-based dermatologists. The randomization was stratified according to the five French different dialing area codes. RESULTS: Office-based dermatologists saw 6411 patients with 7839 skin disorders during the survey. The daily number of visits to French dermatologists was estimated at 47 000 and the annual number between 12 and 14 millions. Office-based dermatologists mostly managed warts, acne, nevus, dermatitis, malignancies and pre-malignancies, fungal infection and psoriasis. Repercussions on patients'everyday life were assessed by physicians as important or very important in 28 p. 100 of cases. Half of the patients received topical treatment, 20.5 p. 100 a systemic drug and 40 p. 100 a minor surgical procedure (including cryotherapy). CONCLUSION: Although dermatologists frequently see benign skin disorders such as warts or nevus, more severe diseases represent an important part of their activity.     

Progress in Malassezia Research in Korea

Yeasts of the genus Malassezia are part of the normal flora of human skin. However, they are also associated with various skin diseases. Since the introduction of Malassezia to the Korean Dermatologic Society two decades ago, remarkable progress has been made in our knowledge of this genus. In this paper, we review recent developments in Malassezia research, including taxonomy and methods for species identification, recent genome analyses, Malassezia species distribution in healthy conditions and in specific skin diseases, trials investigating the mechanisms underlying Malassezia-related diseases, as well as therapeutic options. This review will enhance our understanding of Malassezia yeasts and related skin diseases in Korea.     

Decrease in neutrophils observed in vivo in psoriatics after PUVA therapy

Summary In 56 patients leucocyte and differential counts were done before and at weekly intervals during PUVA treatment of chronic recalcitrant psoriasis. A statistical significant (P<0.01) decrease in the percentage of neutrophils was observed during the first week of the PUVA therapy. This observation could be closely related to the clinical clearing of psoriasis (P=0.02).The effect of PUVA therapy in psoriasis may be due to a decrease in the number of immunocompetent neutrophils demonstrated in psoriatic lesions.     

Experimental approaches to lymphocyte migration in dermatology in vitro and in vivo

Lymphocyte trafficking through the dermal compartment is part of the physiological surveillance process of the adaptive immune system. On the other hand, persistent or recurrent lymphocyte infiltrates are hallmarks of both types of chronic inflammatory skin diseases, Th1-type such as psoriasis or Th2/allergic-type like atopic dermatitis. A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying lymphocyte movements is one of the key prerequisites for developing more effective therapies. In this review, we introduce a range of simple-to-sophisticated experimental in vitro and in vivo approaches to analyze lymphocyte migration. These methods start from static in vitro adhesion and chemotaxis assays, include dynamic endothelial flow chamber, intravital dual photon, and transcutaneous live-video microscopy, and finally encompass specific genetically deficient or engineered animal models. Discussing pros and cons of these assay systems hopefully generates both state-of-the-art knowledge about the factors involved in most common chronic skin diseases as well as an improved understanding of the limitations and chances of new biologic pharmaceuticals that are currently introduced into clinical practice.     

Formaldehyde‐releasers in cosmetics in the USA and in Europe

Background: Frequencies of sensitization to formaldehyde among US patients patch tested for suspected contact dermatitis are higher than in Europe. Cosmetics are an important source of contact with formaldehyde. Objectives: To acquire data on the frequency of use of formaldehyde‐releasers in cosmetics sold in the USA and Europe and their use concentrations. To assess whether any observed differences may contribute to the discrepancies in sensitization rates. Methods: Enquiries with Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the European Cosmetics Association, and the Dutch Cosmetics Association. Reading the labels of skin care cosmetics in a local drugstore. Results: The FDA provided data on the presence of formaldehyde and releasers. Nearly one fifth of all cosmetics contain a releaser. In 25% of 496 examined skin care products, releasers were present. In comparable FDA data categories, the percentage was 24. No data were found on use concentrations of the releasers in cosmetics in either the USA or Europe. Conclusions: The percentages of stay‐on skin care products containing a formaldehyde‐releaser are virtually identical in the USA (FDA data) and our local drugstore sample. However, this does not necessarily imply that cosmetics play no part in the differences in formaldehyde sensitization rates.     

Hard cornification in reptilian epidermis in comparison to cornification in mammalian epidermis

The structure of reptilian hard (beta)-keratins, their nucleotide and amino acid sequence, and the organization of their genes are presented. These 13-19 kDa proteins are basic, rich in glycine, proline and serine, and different from cytokeratins. Their mRNAs are expressed in beta-cells. The central part of beta-keratins (this region has been previously termed 'core-box' and is peculiar of all sauropsid proteins) is composed of two beta-folded regions and shows a high identity with avian beta-keratins. This central part present in all beta-keratins, including feather keratins, is the site of polymerization to build the framework of beta-keratin filaments. Beta-keratins appear cytokeratin-associated proteins. Their central region might have originated in an ancestral glycine-rich protein present in stem reptiles from which beta-keratins evolved and diversified into reptiles and birds. Stem reptiles of the Carboniferous period might have possessed glycine-rich proteins derived from exons/domains corresponding to the variable, glycine-rich region of cytokeratins. Beta-keratins might have derived from a gene coding for small glycine-rich keratin-associated proteins. The glycine-rich regions evolved differently in the lineage leading to modern reptiles and birds versus that leading to mammals. In the reptilian lineage some amino acid regions produced by point mutations and amino acid changes might have given rise to originate the central beta-pleated region. The latter allowed the formation of filamentous proteins (beta-keratins) associated with intermediate filament keratins and replaced them in beta-keratin cells. In the mammalian lineage no beta-pleated region was generated in their matrix proteins, the glycine-rich keratin-associated proteins. The latter evolved as glycine-tyrosine-rich, sulphur-rich, and ultra-sulphur-rich proteins that are used for building hairs, horns and nails.     

Topical Therapy in Atopic Dermatitis in Children

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common, chronic childhood skin disorder caused by complex genetic, immunological, and environmental interactions. It significantly impairs quality of life for both child and family. Treatment is complex and must be tailored to the individual taking into account personal, social, and emotional factors, as well as disease severity. This review covers the management of AD in children with topical treatments, focusing on: education and empowerment of patients and caregivers, avoidance of trigger factors, repair and maintenance of the skin barrier by correct use of emollients, control of inflammation with topical corticosteroids and calcineurin inhibitors, minimizing infection, and the use of bandages and body suits.