Botulinum toxin A in the treatment of the wrinkles in the upper third of the face

The practice of botulinum toxin injections is unavoidable in the correction of facial aging. In effect botulinum toxin allows to erase dynamic wrinkles, by transient and reversible muscular relaxation. This is the best wrinkle treatment for the upper part of the face: glabellar lines, horizontal forehead lines and crow's feet. This technique requires a good understanding of facial muscular anatomy, in order to correctly apply the basics of injection. Every patient is unique and only a big experience will allow to refine and personalise injections.     

Changes in the T-wave of the electrocardiograph in urticaria

A series of cases is presented, in which non-specific primary changes in the T-waves were observed in electrocardiographs of patients with urticaria, the latter caused by drugs or other substances. In all these patients, no other abnormality was found and they were completely asymptomatic as regards cardiac involvement. A definite ‘cause and effect’ type of relationship was found between the T-wave changes and the urticaria. The mechanism of the T-wave changes remains to be investigated. Since this phenomenon disappears simultaneously with the urticaria, treatment should be determined by the urticaria, and bed rest is not indicated.     

抗氧化剂在白癜风治疗中的应用进展

 氧化应激作为白癜风重要的病因学假说，在白癜风的病程中起始发和推动作用。目前白癜风的治疗方法多样，但疗效欠佳，基于白癜风的表皮氧化应激学说，抗氧化剂保护黑素细胞减少氧化应激的作用被逐渐发现，一系列的抗氧化剂也被发掘应用于白癜风的治疗并且获得满意疗效，同时联合其他疗法效果更佳。本文综述抗氧化剂在白癜风治疗中的应用进展。     

Experience in the use of ditrastic in the therapy of psoriasis

Forty-six patients suffering from psoriasis have been treated with ditrastic, a new drug for external application, manufactured by Orion, Finland. The drug is manufactured in the form of sticks weighing 2.4 g, containing 1.5 or 3% of dithranol, paraffin, and microcrystalline sulfur. These sticks are applied to psoriatic plaques once daily. The treatment has been effective.     

Ultrastructure of the Fibrous Substance in the Keratinocytes of the Epidermis in Healthy Individuals

The present findings in the epidermis of healthy individuals suggest that the fibrous substance in the keratinocytes is subjected to an individual differentiation as the cells move from stratum basale through strata spinosum and intermedium to stratum coreum. In the basal cells the fibrous substance consists of opaque tonofilaments, mostly aggregated in dense tonofibrils, but also occurring randomly scattered and in loose tonofibrils (fibrous substance of basal-cell type). In most cells the fibrous substance undergoes differentiation: a) in stratum spinosum into compact tonofibrils with no individual tonofilaments visible (fibrous substance of spinous-cell type), b) in stratum inter-medium into compact tonofibrils with intensely stained regions or keratohyalin (fibrous substance of intermediate-cell type), and c) in stratum corneum into tonofibrils with a keratin pattern (fibrous substance of horny-cell type). There are also keratinocytes in which the fibrous substance undergoes only an incomplete differentiation, with the appearance of horny cells with a fibrous substance of spinous-cell type, intermediate-cell type or horny-cell type with keratohyalin. Finally, there are keratinocytes in which the fibrous substance does not undergo any differentiation at all, but which display a fibrous substance of basal-cell type throughout the entire epidermis.     

银屑病患者外周血的淋巴细胞分型

应用混合玫瑰花形成试验,检测100例银屑病患者外周血的淋巴细胞型别,并随机抽样19例,用单克隆抗体Leu系统行酶免疫技术的ABC染色法,观察T细胞亚群.见外周血中T细胞%较正常人明显下降(P<0.001), T抑制细胞(2a)%上升(P<0.05), T辅助细胞(3 a)%和3a/2a皆显著下降(P<0.05), B. N.D细胞%皆明显上升(P<0.05).     

Leiomyoma of the breast in the male

A macroscopically not sure classifiable solitary tumour on the nipple was observed in a 68 year old man. Histologically a pure leiomyoma was found. Therapy of choice is the tumour resection, if requested.     

Sarcomas of the skin in the elderly

Malignant mesenchymal neoplasms of skin and soft tissues are characterized by an extreme clinicopathologic heterogeneity. Although all sarcomas of deep soft tissues may also arise in superficial locations, there are important clinicopathologic differences. Lipogenic sarcomas represent the most frequent type of sarcomas in deep soft tissues, but purely dermal liposarcomas are exceedingly rare. Vascular and fibroblastic or myofibroblastic sarcomas, however, are much more frequent in dermal location. In contrast with most deep-seated sarcomas, morphologic grading of dermal sarcomas has only a limited importance because most types of dermal sarcoma have a rather favorable clinical prognosis. Important exceptions to this rule are epithelioid sarcoma and cutaneous angiosarcoma, which are aggressive sarcomas with an increased rate of distant metastases and tumor-associated death. Dermal sarcomas arising in elderly patients show some important differences in their incidence and prognosis. Whereas cutaneous angiosarcoma, myxofibrosarcoma, undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma of the skin showing morphologic similarities to atypical fibroxanthoma, and cutaneous leiomyosarcoma arise predominantly in elderly patients, dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, epithelioid sarcoma, and superficially located clear cell sarcoma are seen more often in younger patients.