山东省淄博地区痤疮流行病学调查

目的了解淄博地区痤疮患病率及影响因素。方法采用整群抽样方法,对淄博地区多个社区进行流行病学调查。结果共调查1455人,发现痤疮患者124例,患病率为8.52%,标化患病率为9.40%;其中男性标化患病率为11.50%,女性标化患病率为8.32%,痤疮患病率男性多于女性（P〈0.05）。结论通过本次流行病学调查初步获得了淄博地区痤疮的患病率、影响因素等情况。     

河南省焦作地区痤疮流行病学调查

目的了解焦作地区痤疮患病率及其影响因素。方法采用整群抽样方法,对焦作地区多个社区进行流行病学调查。结果共调查1547人,发现痤疮患者100人,患病率6.46%,标化患病率8.39%;其中男性标化患病率8.80%,女性标化患病率7.86%,男女痤疮患病率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。汉族患病率6.48%,回族5.71%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论通过本次流行病学调查获得了焦作地区痤疮的患病率、影响因素以及汉族与回族痤疮患病的情况。     

冀南地区城乡青少年痤疮流行病学调查及危险因素分析

目的了解冀南地区城乡青少年面部痤疮的流行病学特点,分析其患病的主要危险因素。方法采用分层整群抽样调查方法,对调查者逐一检查并以问卷的方式收集流行病学资料,用SPSS11.5软件进行资料统计分析。结果调查2891名城乡青少年,其痤疮患病率为39.1%。将年龄构成标准化后,城市痤疮的患病率高于农村;经多因素Logistic回归分析,发现年龄、男性、油性皮肤、混合性皮肤、便秘以及痤疮家族史是痤疮发病的危险因素。结论城市患病率高于农村。城市、农村的危险因素基本相同,饮食因素对城市痤疮患者影响较大。     

广州市天河区青少年痤疮患病情况及危险因素分析

目的:评估青少年痤疮患病情况及其危险因素。方法:采用横断面问卷调查方法,随机整群抽取2552人12~20岁的青少年,进行问卷调查。结果:总患病率为32.8%,其中男34.2%,女31.6%,两性间患病率差异无统计学意义(P=0.161);11~16岁为青少年痤疮初发高峰期。结论:广州市天河区青少年痤疮初发年龄为11~16岁,危险因素有消化道功能紊乱、生活环境、生活习惯、遗传、内分泌等。     

某医学院校女性痤疮患者治疗及相关因素的分析

目的了解女性痤疮患者寻求治疗是否与年龄、生活质量、病程、严重程度等可能因素的相关性。方法随机选择某医学院校2849名女大学生,调查痤疮的患病情况,并采用Cardiff痤疮伤残问卷对生活质量进行评估,及自行设计问卷调查其寻求治疗的情况。结果在女大学生中痤疮的患病率为44.75%;但在最初的寻求治疗者中只有2.04%选择寻求皮肤科医生的指导;寻求治疗的患者中39.58%是自行决定,未寻求治疗的患者中50.28%认为病情轻,不需要治疗。多元回归分析显示:生活质量、自评严重程度以及年龄与患者是否寻求治疗呈正相关。结论痤疮在年轻女性中有较高的患病率,但仅有少数患者寻求治疗。有必要在大学生中进行相应的健康教育。     

北京高二学生痤疮知识态度行为的现况调查

本研究旨在通过调查北京高二学生(年龄16～17岁)痤疮相关知识、态度和行为，了解该人群痤疮患病率和接受治疗的情况，为采取防治痤疮的行为指导提供科学依据。     

江门市中学生痤疮患病情况调查分析及防治对策

张红1黄小兵2冯丽春2目的调查江门市中学生痤疮患病情况,探讨其患病特点及防治对策。方法用体检及填表法,对我市2006、2007、2008年参加高考的9所中学、共12450名中学生进行痤疮患病情况调查,并进行统计学处理。结果本组中学生痤疮总患病率为51.83%(男55.9%,女46.02%),男、女患病率有显著差异性(P<0.05);17岁和18岁两年龄段痤疮患病率分别为45.5%和46.3%,两组患病率比较无显著性差异(P>0.05);其他患病率比较:多脂多糖饮食高于普通饮食、油性皮肤高于中性皮肤、乡镇学校高于城市学校,其差异性均有显著性(P<0.01)。结论中学生痤疮患病与生活习惯、环境因素、皮肤类型、防治水平等密切相关,通过恰当的对策干预,可以降低中学生痤疮患病率。     

皮脂腺及皮下脂肪疾病

20091920 热带、亚热带四地区中学生痤疮现患情况及危险因素分析/向守宝(暨南大学附一院皮肤科),张宏,曾翰翔…∥中国皮肤性病学杂志.-2009,23(2).-113～115采用横断面问卷调查方法,对澳门、广州、马来西亚和印度尼西亚等地区的中学,以学校为单位抽签抽取18所中学,共13215名12～30岁的中学生,以问卷调查的方法收集痤疮的流行病学资料。结果四地区痤疮总患病率是51.13%,男53.35%,女46.65%,男女患病率差异无显著性意义(P=0.062)。四地区中学生痤疮患病率分别为65.24%,58.26%,45.47%和32.81%,地区间患病率差异有显著性意义(P=0.00     

10～18岁青少年痤疮患病率及影响因素

目的评估10～18岁青少年痤疮的流行现状及其相关危险因素。方法采用横断面问卷调查方法,对调查者逐一检查并以问卷的方式收集流行病学资料,用SPSS11．0软件进行资料统计分析。结果10～18岁年龄组痤疮患病率为53．5%,其中男54．9%,女51．6%,炎性痤疮患病率为25．8%,痤疮及炎性痤疮随年龄逐年增加。痤疮后瘢痕发生率为7．1%,12岁年龄组瘢痕发生率为0．5%,其后瘢痕发生率逐年增加。多因素Logistic回归分析显示年龄、睡眠时间少、涂化妆品、中性皮肤、油性皮肤、混合型皮肤等6项为危险因素,检验显示挤捏皮疹为痤疮后瘢痕的危险因素。结论12岁年龄组开始出现瘢痕,挤捏皮疹是造成痤疮后瘢痕的危险因素。提示应重视青少年痤疮的防治,干预的时机应在11～12年龄组。     

广州市1561名中学生痤疮流行病学调查

目的：调查广州地区中学生痤疮患病情况，为今后的临床研究提供资料。方法：用分层、整群抽样调查的方法于2004年12月至2005年1月对广州市7所学校初一到高三的1561名学生做关于痤疮的流行病学问卷调查。结果：77，70％的中学生患过痤疮，痤疮的现患病率为56．57％，初次发病平均年龄是（12．81±1．457）岁。结论：中学生痤疮患病率较高，但他们对痤疮有关知识的了解不足，提示有必要加强在学校或社区里开展有关痤疮知识的健康教育。     

Acne vulgaris: prevalence and clinical forms in adolescents from S?o Paulo,Brazil

BACKGROUND

Acne is a common disease in adolescents, but there are no epidemiological data for acne in Brazil.

OBJECTIVES

To estimate the prevalence and degree of acne in adolescents from Sao Paulo and study socio-demographic factors, family history and lifestyle, associated with the disease.

METHODS

Cross-sectional study with 452 adolescents aged between 10 and 17 (mean=13.3 years), students from elementary and high school, examined by 3 independent evaluators.

RESULTS

62.4% were female, 85.8% white and 6.4% were aged 14. The prevalence was 96.0% and increased with age - all students over 14 had acne. The most prevalent form of acne was comedonal (61.1%), followed by mild (30.6%) and moderate (7.6%) papular-pustular, which affected mostly the face (97.5%). About half of the adolescents reported family history for acne in mother or father, and 20.6% reported previous treatment for acne. There was a higher chance of presenting non-comedonal acne with increased age (p<0.001).

DISCUSSION

The prevalence of acne in adolescents varies widely due to the clinical features and diagnostic methods used. Adolescents whose brothers/sisters had acne (OR=1.7-p=0.027) and those over 13 (OR=8.3-p<0.001), were more likely to have non-comedonal acne.

CONCLUSION

This study showed high prevalence of acne in adolescents from Sao Paulo, predominantly the comedonal form on the face, with a higher chance of presenting non-comedonal acne with increased age.     

需氧菌性阴道炎及混合感染的临床表现研究分析

目的：对AV需氧性阴道炎以及AV混合感染患者进行观察研究分析.方法：对我院就诊的416例有阴道炎症状的患者初步判断并进行指标检查.结果：416例患者中AV及混合感染患者62例,其中只患AV者26例（42%）、AV＋BV者16例、AV＋TV者9例、AV＋VVC者11例.实验室检查：26例只患AV者中,16例AV者阴道分泌物呈现黄或绿稀薄脓性阴道物（62%）;23例患者阴道清洁状况Ⅲ-Ⅳ（88.46%）;阴道pH值大于4.5的患者22例（84.6%）;11例患者阴道分泌物增加（42.3%）.结论：本文对AV临床特征进行实验室检查,对AV及混合AV 诊断和区别其它感染具有重要的临床价值.     

青少年性别角色与性别刻板印象调查

目的：了解目前我国不同类型青少年性别角色发展及性别刻板印象情况,为更好地开展青少年性别教育提供依据。方法：采用分阶段抽样,对全国六个省、自治区城市和农村地区的5709例不同类型的青少年进行计算机辅助的自填问卷调查。结果：青少年报告家庭中性别分工较刻板。青少年双性化、未分化和单性化（典型的男性化和女性化）各占约1／3,其中男性青少年中双性化的比例较高,达40％,而未分化和单性化的比例较低。在校学生随着年龄的增长双性化的比例升高,未分化和男性化的比例下降。相当比例的青少年持较刻板的性别角色印象,且对家庭事务领域的性别刻板印象要高于社会和两性关系领域。与家庭结构变量相比,父母在家务分配、决策贡献上是否遵从传统的性别分工更能影响青少年的性别刻板印象。结论：性别教育除帮助青少年进行自我调节、倡导双性化和男性化性别角色的发展外,还必须注重其家庭内性别文化建设。     

Prevalence and incidence of pelvic inflammatory disease in incarcerated adolescents

BACKGROUND: Few recent studies have determined the prevalence and incidence of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) among adolescents. GOAL: The goal of this study was to determine these parameters among incarcerated youths. STUDY DESIGN: Both on admission and during incarceration, consecutive adolescents entering the Harris County, Texas, Juvenile Detention Center were evaluated for symptoms of PID. One of two experienced clinicians examined adolescents with possible PID. For the diagnosis of PID, we used the minimal criteria of the CDC. RESULTS: In sexually active heterosexual or bisexual adolescents (N = 313), the prevalence of PID at admission was 4.5%; during the first 31 days of incarceration, the incidence density of PID was 3.3 cases/100 person-months, and the cumulative incidence was 2.2%. The prevalence among these youths of chlamydial and/or gonorrheal infection, as determined by urine or cervical testing, was 24.9%. CONCLUSION: The high prevalence and incidence of PID underscore the need for effective programs to eradicate chlamydial and gonorrheal infections in high-risk youths.     

白癜风患者215例临床分析

目的：总结白癜风患者的临床特点和发病诱因.方法：对确诊的白癜风患者进行问卷设计和调查,用SPSS 11.5软件包进行统计分析.结果：资料完整的215例白癜风患者中男98例,女117例;平均发病年龄18.76±7.43岁;最常见的受累部位为上肢（54.42%）;伴发疾病中以甲状腺疾病最常见（5.58%）;有家族史者占13.02%,有家族史患者发病年龄为14.6±4.31岁,无家族史为25.09±5.45岁（P〈0.001）,两者间有显著性差异;春夏季发病最常见;25.58%的患者可发现诱因,其中常见的诱因包括精神因素 （43.64%）和皮肤损伤（56.36%）.结论：本地区白癜风好发于青少年,有家族史患者发病年龄早于无家族史患者,上肢为最常见的好发部位,可能与精神因素和皮肤外伤、日晒伤有关.     

Have oral contraceptives reduced the prevalence of acne? a population-based study of acne vulgaris,tobacco smoking and oral contraceptives

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of acne among adolescents appears to vary geographically. This study was therefore undertaken to describe the prevalence rate of acne among Danish adolescents and to study the possible influence of oral contraceptives (OC) and tobacco smoking on disease prevalence and severity. Both have been suggested to influence acne and are therefore potential confounders in studies of acne prevalence. METHODS: A random sample of 186 15- to 22-year-old subjects participating in a population-based study of allergic diseases in Copenhagen County were also examined for acne. Questionnaire data on demographic variables, acne problems, smoking status and use of OC were recorded, and acne was graded according to the Leeds scale. RESULTS: The prevalence of clinical acne (Leeds score >1) was 40.7% for men and 23.8% for women (odds ratio, OR, acne vs. no acne: 0.46, 95% confidence interval, CI: 0.24-0.85). Acne was perceived as a personal problem by 37.6% of all subjects, and this was associated with clinical acne (OR: 5.5, 95% CI: 2.7-10.9). The use of OC was associated with a significantly lower prevalence of acne (OR: 0.32, 95% CI: 0.11-0.86), while the use of tobacco smoking was not significantly associated with acne (OR: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.17-1.78). CONCLUSION: In congruence with recent reports from other countries, the prevalence rate of acne among adolescents was found to be lower than previously described in older reports. In this population, the use of OC was associated with a lower prevalence of acne.     

Mycosis fungoides in Arab children and adolescents: a report of 36 patients from Kuwait

Mycosis fungoides (MF) is rare in children and adolescents. This study was aimed to determine the clinicoepidemiologic features of juvenile onset (≤18 yrs) MF in Kuwait. Thirty-six children and adolescents (≤18 yrs) with MF registered in a referral photobiology unit for cutaneous lymphomas between July 1991 and June 2009 were included in this study. Children and adolescents were observed to constitute 16.6% of the total number of patients with MF, with 97% of patients of Arab ethnicity. The age-adjusted incidence rate of MF in children and adolescents among the total population was 0.29/100,000 persons/year. Among 36 Arab children and adolescents, boys outnumbered girls by 1.25:1. Mean and median age at onset of disease was 9 years, and age at diagnosis was 13 years. Patch stage disease was the most common clinical variant (75%) with 56% with pure hypopigmented MF-variant. The majority of patients (75%) had stage IB (TNM and B staging) disease. The study highlights a high prevalence and incidence of juvenile MF in Kuwait with a predominantly hypopigmented presentation.     

Therapeutic considerations and clinical characteristics of a sample of adolescent patients with acne vulgaris in Tirana,Albania: A cross‐sectional study

Acne vulgaris is a common adolescent disorder but the data related to acne vulgaris is insufficient in Albania. The aim of this study was to assess the epidemiologic features of acne vulgaris and to identify lifestyle and constitutional factors in formulating a proper management protocol. A cross‐sectional study conducted on a representative sample of 2036 adolescents from 10 high schools located in Tirana. A self‐administered questionnaire was administered to collect the data. The binary logistic regression was applied to assess the factors linked to the presence of acne vulgaris in adolescents. The mean age in the study population was 16.2 ± 0.9 years. The self‐reported prevalence of acne was 50.3% (52.1% in females and 47.9% in males). Lifetime prevalence was 68.5%. The factors significantly associated with an increased likelihood over time were: frequent consumption of sweets, frequent endurance of stress, poor quality of sleep, positive family history of acne, oily and combination skin, menstrual disorders. Acne vulgaris is common among adolescents in our country. The identification of various modifiable factors related to acne generates opportunities to tailor and focus prevention efforts and better management and treatment planning in relevant high‐risk groups.     

Participation in a school-based sexually transmitted disease screening program

BACKGROUND: A school-based chlamydia screening program was offered repeatedly in three Louisiana public high schools in an effort to expand sexually transmitted disease screening services for adolescents. GOAL: To describe participation of a fixed cohort of students to elucidate the impact of screening on chlamydia prevalence. STUDY DESIGN: Five opportunities for chlamydia testing were offered in 3 schools during 3 school years (1995-1996, 1996-1997, 1997-1998). Only students with parental consent could be tested. Students consistently enrolled during the 3 years (n = 1475) were included in this analysis. RESULTS: During the 3 school years, parental consent was cumulatively obtained for 1443 students (97.8%), and 1305 students (88.5%) were tested at least once. Of those tested, 81.1% tested more than once. The prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection at first test among students who tested more than once was 1.8% for males and 7.7% for females. Among students tested only once, 6.2% of males and 12.7% of females had chlamydial infection. Among students tested more than once, no significant difference in C. trachomatis prevalence was associated with repeat screenings. Incidence rates per 1000 person-months were 4.3 (2.2, males; 7.1, females; P < 0.0001). Reinfections explained only 5.6% of all incident cases. CONCLUSION: The documented high response from both parents and students to this school-based chlamydia screening program offers great promise for sexually transmitted disease control among adolescents. Overall, C. trachomatis prevalence was two times higher among students testing only once than among those testing more than once. Routine and continued availability of school-based chlamydia screening programs can potentially reduce the burden of disease among adolescents.     

An update on the presence of psychiatric comorbidities in acne patients, Part 2: Depression, anxiety, and suicide

Acne vulgaris (AV) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that affects millions of people. Psychologic disorders such as depression, anxiety, and body dysmorphic disorder are common in patients with AV and the reported prevalence of suicidal ideation and suicide completion in acne patients also is remarkable. Part 1 of this series provided an overview of the prevalence of psychologic disorders in patients with AV Part 2 reviews depression, anxiety, body dysmorphic disorder, and suicidal ideation and completion seen in AV patients. Treatments available for acne patients with coexisting psychiatric illness also are discussed, along with the relationship between oral isotretinoin and depression and suicide.