Mechanism of the stimulating action of an electric current on reparative regeneration of bone tissue

The dynamics of the ATP concentration in regenerating bone tissue was studied in experiments on rabbits after incomplete osteotomy or resection of a piece of bone and also during stimulation of reparative osteogenesis in the region of a bone defect by means of a pulsed electric current. The ATP concentration in the callus after incomplete osteotomy and during electrical stimulation was found to be higher than in regenerating bone tissue after resection of the bone fragment in the absence of stimulation. It can be concluded that improvement of the energy supply for fracture healing is an important factor in the mechanisms of the stimulating effect of an electric current on reparative regeneration of bone tissue.Laboratory of Biophysics and Radiological Department, N. N. Priorov Central Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Ministry of Health of the USSR. Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory, A. V. Vishnevskii Institute of Surgery, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. Moscow Energy Institute. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR M. V. Volkov.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 86, No. 9, pp. 361–362, September, 1978.     

Humoral mechanisms of regulation of reparative osteogenesis

The effect of the blood serum from animals with active osteogenesis on the biosynthesis of nucleic acids and protein and on mineralization of regenerating bone tissue was studied in experiments in vivo and in vitro. Incorporation of labeled precursors of DNA ([³H]thymidine) and protein ([¹⁴C]proline) in the recipients was intensified and mineralization of bony callus (incorporation of⁸⁵Sr) was accelerated. Comparison of the order of stimulation of nucleic acid and protein synthesis suggests that the active principle of the serum promotes more rapid cell proliferation in the fracture zone.Laboratory of Pathophysiology and Laboratory of Biochemistry, Research Institute of Experimental and Clinical Orthopedics and Traumatology, Kurgan. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR N. A. Fedorov.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 84, No. 12, pp. 725–727, December, 1977.     

Effect of fetal tissue transplantation on reparative processes in experimental liver cirrhosis

Reparative regeneration after fetal tissue transplantation and after surgical stimulation was studied in rats with experimental cirrhosis of the liver. Fetal tissue restored the morphology and function of cirrhotic liver and modified functional activity of peritoneal macrophages. Translated fromByulleten’ Eksperimental’noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 130, No. 8, pp. 216–219, August, 2000     

Mechanisms of reparative regeneration of the venous endothelium

Central Research Laboratory, A. S. Bubnov Ivanovo Medical Institute. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR V. V. Kupriyanov.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 105, No. 3, pp. 376–379, March, 1988.     

The evolution of the nosology of osteogenesis imperfecta

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a relatively common genetic skeletal disorder with an estimated frequency of 1 in 20 000 worldwide. The manifestations are diverse and although individually rare, the several different forms contribute to the production of a significant number of affected individuals with considerable morbidity and mortality. During the last decade, there have been extensive molecular investigations into the etiology of OI and these advances have direct relevance to the medical management of the disorder, and the purpose of this review is to document the history and evolution of the nosology of OI. The current nosology, based on molecular concepts, which are crucial in the identification of genotype‐phenotype correlations in persons with OI, is also outlined. The successive revisions of the nosology and classification of OI have highlighted the importance of the nomenclature of the condition in order for it to be recognized by clinicians, scientists and patient advocacy groups. In this way, improved counseling of patients and individualized, tailored therapeutic approaches based on the underlying pathophysiology of the individual's type of OI have been facilitated.     

Binuclear rat liver cells during reparative regeneration of the organ

In the early stages after partial hepatectomy (17 h after the operation) binuclear cells take part in proliferation (the number of binuclear cells in proportion to the total number of cells labeled 1 h after injection of thymidine-³H was considerably smaller, whereas in the later stages (37 and 53 h after the operation) their relative fraction in the population was twice or three times greater. The formation of new binuclear cells from mononuclear cells (reflected in the number of labeled binuclear cells 20 h after injection of thymidine-³H) took place most intensively in the early periods of regeneration (16–36 h after the operation) when about 20% of mitoses were acytokinetic and led to the formation of a binuclear cell. In the later periods only 8% of mitoses ended with the formation of binuclear cells.Laboratory of Chemical Factors of Regulation of Growth and Cell Division, Institute of Biological and Medical Chemistry, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR V. N. Orekhovich.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 87, No. 4, pp. 347–349, April, 1979.     

Stimulation of reparative osteogenesis by millimeter band electromagnetic radiation in experimental traumatic defects of the mandible

I. M. Sechenov First Moscow Medical Institute. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR D. S. Sarkisov.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 111, No. 4, pp. 436–439, April, 1991.