前交叉韧带粘弹性特性的实验研究

目的 探讨前交叉韧带的力学性能和粘弹性行为与时间的变化规律，为研究人工韧带提供生物力学参数。方法 对正常国人新鲜尸体膝关节前交叉韧带进行系统的拉伸、应力松驰、蠕变实验，得出最大载荷、强度极限、最大应变、弹性模量等；还得出了应力松驰、蠕变实验数据和曲线，归一化应力松驰函数、蠕变函数数据和曲线。并得到7200s时的蠕变量和应力松驰量。结果 ①前交叉韧带在实验中表现出典型的松弛、蠕变现象，说明其粘弹性性质在膝关节运动中起着重要的缓冲作用。②最初600s时应力应变的变化幅度较大，之后应力缓慢下降，应变缓慢上升，前交叉韧带7200s时应力松弛量1．05Mp，蠕变量为6．82％。结论 前交叉韧带具有良好的粘弹性力学性质。其粘弹性力学行为是为了适应其所在解剖部位的功能需要。     

膝关节前交叉韧带与内侧副韧带粘弹性实验研究

目的　研究了新鲜成人尸体膝关节前交叉韧带和内侧副韧带的粘弹性力学性质，为临床提供生物力学参数依据。方法　对前交叉韧带和内侧副韧带进行应力松弛，蠕变实验。结果　对实验数据进行归一化处理，得出了归一化应力松弛函数，蠕变函数，以回归分析的方法处理实验数据，得出了回归系数和拟合曲线。结论　内侧副韧带7200s应力松弛、蠕变量小于前交叉韧带。对实验结果进行分析讨论。     

人颈椎后纵韧带黏弹性实验研究

研究了正常国人8具新鲜尸体颈椎后纵韧带C1-C4、C4-T1的黏弹性力学性质.对C1-C4、C4-T1段后纵韧带进行拉伸应力松弛、蠕变实验.得出了C1-C4、C4-T1后纵韧带的应力松弛、蠕变数据和曲线.对应力松弛、蠕变数据进行归一化处理,得出了归一化应力松弛函数蠕变函数及曲线.对实验数据进行回归分析,得出了回归系数.还对后纵韧带C1-C4段、C4-T1段试样进行单向拉伸实验,得出了后纵韧带的拉伸破坏载荷、伸长比、拉应力、拉应变等,对应力应变数据以多项式,用最小二乘法进行拟合,得出其应力应变关系公式及曲线.构建了后纵韧带的松弛函数K(λ、t)=G(t)T(e)(λ)表达式,对实验结果进行分析讨论.     

ACL和MCL拉伸力学性质实验研究

目的 研究了10具新鲜成人尸体膝关节前交叉韧带和内侧副韧带的拉伸力学性质,为临床提供生物力学参数.方法 取正常国人新鲜尸体前交叉韧带和内侧副韧带各20个试样进行单向拉伸实验,得出了破坏载荷、强度极限、最大应变、弹性模量.对实验数据以多项式进行拟合,得出了应力-应变曲线和应力-应变关系表达式.结果 前交叉韧带的拉伸强度极限最大应变弹性模量大于内侧副韧带.     

胎儿臂丛神经上干粘弹性实验研究

研究了 30具新鲜胎儿尸体臂丛神经上干的拉伸力学性质和粘弹性力学性质 ,对臂丛神经上干进行单向拉伸实验 ,得出了破坏载荷、强度极限、最大应变。对臂丛神经上干进行应力松弛、蠕变实验 ,得出了应力松弛、蠕变实验数据和曲线。对实验数据进行归一化处理 ,得出了归一化应力松弛函数、蠕变函数。以回归分析的方法处理实验数据 ,得出回归系数 ,很好地拟合了实验曲线。实验结果表明 6～ 7月龄胎儿臂丛神经上干的破坏载荷、强度极限、最大应变小于 8月龄以上的胎儿。男女胎儿臂丛神经之间拉伸力学性质差异不显著 ,低月龄胎儿臂丛神经 72 0 0S应力松弛量大于高月龄组 ,蠕变量差异不显著     

拇指掌指关节侧副韧带粘弹性的实验研究

研究正常国人新鲜尸体的拇指掌指关节侧副韧带的粘弹性力学性质,为临床提供生物力学参数。对拇指掌指关节侧副韧带进行拉伸应力松弛、蠕变实验。得出了拇指掌指关节侧副韧带的应力松弛、蠕变数据。对实验数据进行归一化处理,得出了归一化应力松弛函数、蠕变函数及曲线。以回归分析的方法处理实验数据,得出了回归系数。表明拇指掌指关节侧副韧带为粘弹性生物材料。     

髂股韧带与股骨头韧带黏弹性实验研究

目的 研究新鲜成人尸体髋关节髂股韧带和股骨头韧带的黏弹性力学性质,为临床提供生物力学参数.方法 取正常国人髂股韧带和股骨头韧带各10个试样进行应力松弛、蠕变实验.结果 得出了应力松弛、蠕变实验曲线,以回归分析的方法处理实验数据,得出了回归系数.结论 髂股韧带7200s应力松弛蠕变量显著大于股骨头韧带.     

髌骨软骨拉伸应力松弛蠕变实验研究

目的　研究正常国人 8具新鲜尸体髌骨软骨的力学性质 ,为临床提供生物力学参数。方法　对正常国人新鲜尸体髌骨软骨一维拉伸力学性能和拉伸应力松弛、蠕变粘弹性力学性质进行实验研究。结果　获得了髌骨软骨一维拉伸的破坏载荷、伸长比、张应力、张应变等测试结果 ,以多项式用最小二乘法对拉伸实验数据进行拟合 ,得出了半月板的应力 -应变关系表达式和应力 -应变曲线。还得出了应力松弛、蠕变数据、曲线和归一化应力松弛函数、归一化蠕变函数数据、曲线。对实验数据以最小二乘法进行处理 ,得出了G(t)表达式 ,根据准线性理论得出了半月板的松弛函数K(λ、t)=G(t)T(e) (λ)的表达式。结论　髌骨软骨单向拉伸最大载荷为 3 8.5 4± 4.1 8N ,伸长比为 1 .3 1 2± 0 .0 1 8,张应力为 6.65± 0 .83MPa ,应变为 3 4.0± 3 .6%。应力松弛曲线是以对数关系变化的 ,蠕变曲线是以指数关系变化的     

人眼角膜黏弹性实验研究

对正常国人6具新鲜尸体8个眼角膜标本进行单向拉伸实验和拉伸应力松弛、蠕变实验。得出了人眼角膜拉伸最大载荷、伸长比、张应力、应变、拟弹性模量。还得出了人眼角膜的应力松弛、蠕变数据和曲线。对应力松弛、蠕变实验数据进行归一化处理,得出了归一化应力松弛函数、蠕变函数及曲线。对应力松弛、蠕变实验数据进行回归分析,得出了回归系数。对人眼角膜应力、应变数据以多项式,用最小二乘法进行拟合,得出了其应力应变关系公式及曲线,建立了人眼角膜的松弛函数k(λ,t)=G(t)T(e)λ的表达式,得出了一些重要结论。     

骨性关节炎对膝关节软骨粘弹性影响实验研究

研究了正常国人新鲜尸体膝关节软骨和骨性关节炎膝关节软骨的粘弹性力学性质.对正常和病态膝关节软骨进行一维拉伸应力松弛、蠕变实验,得出了应力松弛、蠕变实验数据和曲线,以回归分析的方法处理应力松弛、蠕变实验数据,得出了归一化应力松弛函数、归一化蠕变函数表达式.以冯元桢教授的准线性理论得出了正常组和病态组膝关节软骨松弛函数表达式,并对实验结果进行了分析讨论.     

Assessment of the efficacy of treatment of hemangiomas

Assessment of the aftereffects of cryoexposure and ultrahigh-frequency cryoexposure on hemangioma tissue of various types, cavernous and squamous, showed a higher cryogenic effect in hemangiomatous tissue preexposed to ultrahigh-frequency waves. A quantitative criterion is proposed for assessing the efficacy of the studied methods of exposure. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 6, pp. 669–672, June, 1995     

Level of functioning of siblings and parents of probands of varying degrees of retardation

A further analysis of already published data supports the position that retardates of low ability level less frequently have retarded siblings, retarded parents, and parents low in occupational level than do retardates higher in ability level. The analysis supports the position that there are two types of retarded individuals, persons retarded as a result of gene or chromosomal anomalies, brain injury, etc., who more frequently occur in the lower-level retardate group, and persons whose retardation represents polygenic segregation, who more frequently occur in the higher-level group.     

侧脑室注射链脲佐菌素对大鼠海马神经元突触的影响

为观察链脲佐菌素(streptozotocin,STZ)双侧侧脑室注射对大鼠海马神经元突触的影响,本研究将Wistar大鼠随机分为对照组和模型组,模型组大鼠分别于第1、3d双侧侧脑室重复注射STZ3mg/kg,对照组以人工脑脊液代替STZ。21d后,取大鼠海马,免疫组织化学染色及Western blotting方法观察突触素、活性调节细胞骨架相关蛋白(activity-regulated cytoskeletal-associatedprotein,Arc)的表达;电镜观察海马CA1区神经元突触超微结构的改变。结果显示:与对照组相比,模型组大鼠海马内突触素蛋白表达显著减少,而Arc蛋白表达显著增多;模型组海马CA1区神经毡内突触结构异常,突触小泡聚集增多。以上结果提示:脑室注射STZ可影响大鼠海马突触相关蛋白的表达,引起突触超微结构异常,干扰了神经元突触信号的传导。     

Effect of conditions of culture on quantitative assessment of viability of living tissues

The viability of tissue explants of mouse kidneys, estimated quantitatively by growth in plasma-free culture, was shown to depend on several factors connected with the conditions of culture. The effect of methods of treatment of the serum, pH of the medium, and the character of distribution of the tissue explant during culture, the size of the explants, and the firmness of attachment of the tissue fragments to the substrate on this index was demonstrated.Problem Laboratory, Arkhangel'sk Medical Institute. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR A. P. Avtsyn.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 86, No. 11, pp. 629–631, November, 1978.     

社区精神分裂症病人照料者的生活质量研究

通过对９３名精神分裂症患者的家庭照料者与１００名对照者比较研究表明，照料者的躯体功能、心理功能、社会功能与经济状况都显著差于对照者。照料者的生活质量与被照料者的病期、病情严重度、整体功能、药物副作用有关；同时，照料者身份为患者母亲者其生活质量受影响最大。     

Evaluation of fungicidal activity of extracellular filtrates of cyanobacteria--possible role of hydrolytic enzymes

A set of seventy axenised and unicyanobacterial isolates belonging to the genus Anabaena were evaluated for biocidal activity against a set of phytopathogenic fungi. Among them, 35 Anabaena strains showed zone of inhibition against one or more fungi. The extracellular filtrates from 4 and 8 weeks old cultures of these Anabaena strains were further evaluated in terms of hydrolytic enzymes, proteins and IAA employing standard methods. Significant differences were also observed among the strains in terms of their FPase, chitosanase and xylanase activity, while low and relatively similar values of CMCase, cellobiase and protease activity were recorded in the strains analyzed. IAA production was also observed in all the strains. Comparative evaluation of activity of hydrolytic enzymes and antifungal activity revealed that such enzymes may contribute to the fungicidal activity of the cyanobacterial strains, besides other bioactive compounds, including IAA, which are established promising traits for biocontrol agents. This study is a first time report on the production of hydrolytic enzymes by these oxygenic photosynthetic prokaryotes, which can be potential candidates for the development of biocontrol agent(s) against selected phytopathogenic fungi.     

膝关节骨性关节炎的关节镜治疗体会

目的我科自2001～2005年4月对59例67膝的骨性关节炎（0A），进行关节镜检查及镜下清理术。方法镜检：膝关节骨性关节炎伴不同程度滑膜炎，滑膜皱壁粘连纤维片，关节软骨不同程度破坏。镜下清除增生滑膜，松解粘连，去除剥脱软骨、修复关节面。结果随访2月～4年，平均1.5年，术后综合评估2月～1年，优良率94％；1～2年，优良率79.2％；2年以上优良率54.8％。结论关节镜对膝关节骨性关节炎诊断能提供了比较全面的资料，并对骨性关节炎早期有良好疗效，具有创伤小、恢复快、并发症少和重复治疗等优点。     

石斛属民族药用植物的分类及生药学研究

中药石斛早在《神农本草经》中就被列为上品,其应用历史悠久,具有养阴生津、补肾益气、润喉护嗓、活血明目、抗癌防老等功效。本文对国内外石斛属民族药用植物的分类及生药学研究进行了综述。     

Study of the mechanism of hemostatic effect of desmopressin

Intravenous injection of 1 μg/kg desmopressin to rabbits not only accelerated clotting of arterial blood (maximally by 59.16±8.53% after 1 h), but also increased the number of microvesicles containing the integral enzyme 5′-nucleotidase in the arterial blood from the initial level of 36.26±8.08 ncat/liter to a maximum of 99.65±15.8 ncat/liter after 15 min. __________ Translated from Byulleten’ Eksperimental’noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 144, No. 8, pp. 167–169, August, 2007     

Evaluation of the Synthesis of Soluble Aromatic Cellulose Carbonates of Low Degree of Substitution

The synthesis of soluble cellulose phenyl carbonates of low degree of substitution (DS, as low as 0.3) can be realized by using phenyl chloroformates with reactivity‐controlling moieties in the aromatic ring or by conversion of 6‐O‐triphenylmethyl cellulose. It is assumed that the primary hydroxyl group may yield to cross‐linking during the introduction of the phenyl carbonate moieties. Thus, for the first time soluble cellulose phenyl carbonates of low DS are accessible that are useful for the preparation of novel cellulose derivatives by reaction with nucleophilic reagents in particular amines.