shRNA抑制Nanog基因的表达对胃癌细胞SGC-7901分子生物学行为的影响

目的:利用RNA干扰技术构建并筛选出对Nanog基因有抑制作用的重组质粒pshRNA-Nanog,转染入胃癌细胞SGC-7901中,检测其对Nanog表达的影响及其对胃癌细胞SGC-7901的增殖、周期、凋亡以及迁移的影响。方法:构建出针对人Nanog基因构建出的干扰质粒pshRNA-Nanog,在脂质体的介导下将其转染胃癌细胞SGC-7901,通过荧光显微镜,RT-PCR和Western blot法检测其表达,筛选出抑制率最高的一组;将筛选出的转染效率最高的一组pshRNA-Nanog重组质粒转染胃癌细胞SGC-7901中,通过CCK-8检测其胃癌细胞SGC-7901增殖情况,流式细胞仪分析SGC-7901周期变化和凋亡情况,Transwell迁移实验验证Nanog对SGC-7901的迁移能力以及侵袭实验验证Nanog对SGC-7901侵袭能力的影响。结果:成功构建并筛选出了对胃癌细胞SGC-7901干扰效果最明显的一组重组质粒;细胞的增殖受到抑制,胃癌细胞侵袭能力及迁移能力减弱,细胞周期停滞在S期,细胞的凋亡明显增加。结论:Nanog基因与胃癌细胞的增殖能力、周期及凋亡、迁移和侵袭能力有密切的关系。     

敲低转移黏附蛋白(MTDH)基因抑制SGC7901细胞增殖及迁移北大核心CSCD

目的通过小干扰RNA技术(RNAi)敲低胃癌SGC7901细胞转移黏附蛋白(MTDH)即星形细胞上调基因1(AEG-1),并探讨其对SGC7901细胞增殖和迁移的影响。方法构建MDTH短发夹RNA(MTDH-sh RNA)质粒并转染SGC7901细胞,Western blot法检测SGC7901细胞MTDH蛋白水平。敲低SGC7901细胞MTDH水平后,MTT法检测细胞增殖情况,TranswellTM小室检测SGC7901细胞迁移能力。结果 MTDH-sh RNA转染SGC-7901胃癌细胞后,可明显敲低细胞中MTDH蛋白水平。敲低SGC7901细胞MTDH水平后,细胞的增殖和迁移能力均显著降低。结论敲低SGC7901细胞MTDH水平可抑制SGC-7901胃癌细胞的增殖和迁移。     

人 IFN-λ1重组腺病毒对胃癌细胞增殖的影响及其机制研究

目的探讨Ad-hIFN-λ1重组腺病毒对胃腺癌细胞SGC-7901增殖的影响及其机制。方法分别用Ad-hIFN-λ1重组腺病毒、Ad-LacZ 空质粒及PBS对照组作用于人胃腺癌细胞SGC-7901,MTT法测定细胞增殖情况,RT-PCR检测胃癌SGC-7901中IFN-λ1 mRNA的表达,免疫荧光法检测hIFN-λ1蛋白的表达,Tunel、流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡。结果 Ad-hIFN-λ1转染胃腺癌细胞SGC-7901后,肿瘤细胞生长明显抑制,细胞中hIFN-λ1 mRNA、蛋白高效表达,细胞凋亡率明显高于Ad-LacZ组、PBS空白对照组。结论 Ad-hIFN-λ1重组腺病毒转染至胃腺癌细胞SGC-7901后表达IFN-λ1,Ad-hIFN-λ1能够显著抑制人胃腺癌SGC-7901细胞生长,并可能通过诱导其凋亡而起作用。     

siRNA沉默胃癌SGC-7901细胞HO1基因的细胞系的建立及其生物学行为

目的 构建HO1基因的真核干扰表达载体,评估其转染人胃癌细胞系SGC-7901细胞后对HO1基因的干扰效果及其功能.方法 将外源性重组真核干扰表达载体HO1基因(pS/HO1)转染到人胃癌细胞系SGC-7901内,经G418筛选并建立siRNA表达载体稳定沉默胃癌SGC-7901细胞HO1基因的细胞系,分为SGC-7901-pS/HO1组,转染空质粒细胞(SGC-7901-pS)组和未处理细胞(SGC-7901)组;用实时荧光定量PCR和蛋白印迹验证HO1基因在各组细胞中的表达,并通过CCK-8和克隆形成实验分别观察HO1基因被干扰后细胞的生物学行为.结果 与SGC-7901-pS组相比,SGC-7901-pS/HO1细胞中HO1基因蛋白表达明显减少,降低了5.58倍(0.321±0.051 vs 1.675±0.153,P＜0.05);与对照组相比较,SGC-7901-pS/HO1实验组较SGC-7901-pS对照组细胞增殖数量明显减少(P＜0.001);与转染pS空载体的SGC-7901-pS细胞对照组相比,SGC-7901-pS/HO1细胞的克隆形成明显减少,降低了3.45倍(8.32±1.142 vs 2.32 ±0.362,P＜0.05).结论 HO1基因真核siRNA表达载体筛选成功,为继续深入的研究HO1基因在胃癌中的功能提供了依据.     

HOXB7基因沉默对人胃癌细胞活力、迁移和侵袭的影响

目的:探讨靶向沉默HOXB7基因对人胃癌SGC-7901细胞活力、迁移和侵袭作用的影响及潜在机制。方法:设计靶向HOXB7的siRNA,然后瞬时转染胃癌SGC-7901细胞,实时荧光定量PCR和Western blot法检测siRNA靶向沉默的效果。MTT法检测细胞的活力,Western blot法检测细胞周期相关蛋白CDK4和cyclin D1蛋白的表达水平,Transwell小室侵袭实验检测SGC-7901细胞的侵袭能力,实时荧光定量PCR和Western blot法检测胃癌SGC-7901细胞PTEN和VEGF的表达水平以及p-AKT的蛋白水平。结果:胃癌组织中HOXB7基因在mRNA和蛋白水平的表达均显著高于对照组织。siRNA可有效靶向沉默SGC-7901细胞中HOXB7的表达,且沉默HOXB7表达后SGC-7901细胞活力明显下降,同时细胞周期相关蛋白CDK4和cyclin D1的表达亦下调。靶向沉默HOXB7可明显抑制SGC-7901细胞中AKT的磷酸化水平,抑制胃癌细胞的侵袭转移,同时下调VEGF的表达水平,抑制胃癌组织中的肿瘤血管生成。结论:HOXB7作为一个癌基因,可上调细胞周期相关蛋白CDK4、cyclin D1和侵袭相关分子VEGF的表达,上调AKT的磷酸化水平,进而抑制PTEN的功能,促进胃癌细胞SGC-7901的生长、迁移和侵袭能力。     

siRNA沉默Nox1基因抑制胃癌细胞的生长

目的: 探讨siRNA沉默NADPH氧化酶1(Nox1)基因表达对胃癌细胞的生长抑制作用。方法: 合成Nox1 siRNA, 采用实时定量PCR 和Western blotting观察Nox1 siRNA 转染后胃癌SGC-7901细胞Nox1 mRNA及相应蛋白表达的变化; 用CCK-8细胞增殖实验、流式细胞检测技术分别检测胃癌SGC-7901细胞增殖及凋亡的变化。结果: 转染Nox1 siRNA 后的胃癌SGC-7901细胞Nox1 mRNA及蛋白表达明显受抑制。与对照组相比, 干扰组SGC-7901细胞生长明显变缓(P<0.05), 细胞凋亡率明显增高(P<0.01)。结论: Nox1 siRNA 可明显下调靶基因Nox1的表达, 在体外可抑制胃癌SGC-7901细胞的生长并促进其凋亡。     

驱动蛋白KIF4A抑制胃癌细胞的侵袭作用

目的 应用胃癌细胞SGC-7901以及稳定低表达驱动蛋白KIF4A的胃癌细胞SGC-shKIF4A,研究KIF4A对胃癌细胞侵袭能力的作用.方法 使用蛋白免疫印迹法鉴定对照胃癌细胞SGC-shNC以及SGC-shKIF4A细胞内KIF4A蛋白的表达水平,并通过细胞侵袭实验计数这两种细胞的侵袭能力.通过细胞免疫荧光染色法观察在SGC-7901、SGC-shNC、SGC-shKIF4A细胞中皮层肌动蛋白(cortactin)的数量变化情况.结果 与对照细胞SGC-shNC相比,SGC-shKIF4A细胞侵袭能力明显增强;与其他细胞相比,SGC-shKIF4A细胞的cortactin数量明显增多(P＜0.01),表明该细胞内侵袭性伪足增多.结论 驱动蛋白KIF4A具有抑制胃癌细胞的侵袭作用,这为KIF4A作为靶点应用于胃癌的预后预测以及有效治疗奠定理论基础.     

cAMP对人胃腺癌细胞系SGC-7901的影响——微绒毛和Na~+—K~+—ATP酶活性变化的电镜观察

本实验通过外源性 cAMP 和茶碱对人胃腺癌细胞系 SGC-7901的连续作用,观察到外源性 cAMP 和茶碱对该细胞株的增殖,具有明显的抑制作用。在透射电镜和扫描电镜下,均可见到细胞表面较光滑,微绒毛减少或消失。同时见到细胞膜表面上的 Na~+—K~+—ATP 酶活性受到抑制。本文讨论了外源性 cAMP 对人胃腺癌 SGC-7901细胞系增殖的抑制作用,以及膜表面微绒毛和Na~+—K~+—ATP 酶活性变化的关系。     

miR-125b通过靶向STAT3抑制胃癌细胞SGC-7901的侵袭迁移能力

目的研究miR-125b靶向STAT3对胃癌细胞SGC-7901侵袭迁移能力的影响。方法运用qPCR法检测miR-125b在胃癌及癌旁组织中的表达,运用Western blot法检测STAT3在胃癌组织及癌旁正常组织中的表达,用双荧光素酶报告基因系统检测miR-125b对STAT3转录活性的影响,用Transwell实验检测过表达miR-125b对SGC-7901细胞侵袭迁移能力的影响,用Western blot法检测过表达miR-125b后SGC-7901细胞STAT3的表达变化。结果与癌旁正常组织比较,胃癌组织miR-125b的表达水平明显降低,STAT3蛋白表达水平明显升(P0.01)。双荧光素酶报告基因系统检测结果显示,miR-125b可以直接调控STAT3的转录活性。过表达miR-125b后,SGC-7901细胞的侵袭和转移能力明显降低,STAT3的表达水平下调(P0.01)。结论miR-125b可靶向STAT3的表达调控SGC-7901细胞的侵袭迁移能力。     

长链非编码RNA SLC25A25-AS1对胃癌细胞及对5-氟尿嘧啶耐药的作用

目的观察长链非编码RNA SLC25A25-AS1对胃癌(GC)细胞增殖、凋亡能力以及对5-氟尿嘧啶(5-Fu)化疗耐药的影响,并探讨其机制。方法采用实时荧光聚合酶链反应法(RT-PCR)检测正常胃黏膜(GSE-1)和GC细胞(SGC-7901,BGC-823)中SLC25A25-AS1和β-catenin的表达水平;在胃癌细胞SGC-7901和BGC-823中过表达SLC25A25-AS1后,通过RT-PCR检测β-catenin的表达水平;在胃癌细胞SGC-7901细胞中过表达SLC25A25-AS1后,再过表达β-catenin,应用CCK-8法检测转染后各组吸光值以评价增殖率,应用Annexin VAPC单染色流式细胞术检测各组转染48 h后的细胞凋亡率,在培养基中加入不同浓度的5-Fu检测各组细胞存活率。结果与正常胃黏膜细胞相比, GC细胞中SLC25A25-AS1低表达,β-catenin过表达(P0.05);过表达SLC25A25-AS1后胃癌细胞β-catenin表达下调(P0.05);胃癌SGC-7901细胞过表达SLC25A25-AS1后细胞增殖转移能力明显减弱(P0.05),凋亡增加(P0.05),化疗耐药减弱(P0.05);而过表达β-catenin后恶性表型明显恢复(P0.05)。结论 SLC25A25-AS1调节胃癌细胞增殖、凋亡和化疗耐药,参与GC的发生发展,与抑制β-catenin的表达相关。     

Studien zur humoralen Regulation des erythropoetischen Proliferationsspeichers beim Menschen

Zusammenfassung Die Beeinflussung der Erythroblasten-Proliferation durch das Mikromilieu wurde in vitro mittels Auswertung durch Differential- und Mitosezählungen und Signifikanzberechnung vieler Versuchsreihen auch unter verschiedenen pathologischen Bedingungen getestet.Sowohl die Mitosehäufigkeit wie die Ausreifung waren positiv mit dem Erythropoetingehalt des Medium korreliert. Der Effekt wurde durch Folsäure, Ätiocholanolon und cAMP verstärkt. Cobalt stimulierte ebenso wie Testosteron und Methenolon in vitro unabhängig von der Erythropoetinkonzentration im Medium die Erythroblastenproliferation. Ein vermindertes Eisenangebot störte die endgültige Ausreifung der Erythroblasten zu Retikulozyten und bewirkte dadurch eine Ineffektivität der Erythorpoese. Anhaltspunkte für ein Erythrozyten-Chalon oder einen Erythropoetinhemmkörper ließen sich aus unserem Versuchsansatz nicht gewinnen, weil er die Transformation der pluripotenten in die erythropoetin-sensible Stammzelle nicht einschließt. Als Nebenbefund ergab sich eine Stimulation des granulozytopoetischen Proliferationsspeichers durch Serumzusatz zum Medium von Patienten nach akutem Blutverlust und bei Polycythämia vera.Unterstützt durch die Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft     

HLA study in Amerindian Bolivia La Paz Aymaras

Aymara people has been a relatively homogeneous group since Spanish Conquest by 1,532 CE, even if previously represented a group of various cultural defined populations who gave rise to them. They were and are established in Andean Altiplano around Titikaka Lake (Bolivia, Peru), Argentina and Chile neighborhood, speak Aymara language and have been maintained after Europeans arrival at a lower social status than Quechua (Inca) speaking people. However, both Aymara and Quechua populations acknowledge Titikaka Lake as center of their origins; both languages are also related. Specific high frequencies of HLA-A*02, -A*24 and -A*68, HLA-B*35, -B*39 and -B*48, HLA-DRB1*08:02, -DRB1*09:01, and -DRB1*14:02, and HLA-DQB1*04:02, -DQB1*03:02 and -DQB1*03:01 alleles are found in Aymaras and HLA class II haplotypes common to Andean Amerindians (DRB1*08:02-DQB1*04:02 and DRB1*04:03-DQB1*03:02), like Quechua, Aymara, Uros, Lamas and Mapuche are also found in Easter and other Pacific Islands. Giant human head stone statues at Tiwanaku (Titikaka Lake, Bolivia) are also found at Easter Island. Thus, it is possible a gene and cultural flow between Andean Amerindians and Easter and other Pacific Islands, as it was demonstrated by Thor Heyerdahl in his Kon-Tiki expedition which reached Pacific Islands sailing from El Callao Harbour (Lima, Peru).     

Lipid composition of metacestodes of Taenia taeniaeformis and lipid changes during growth

A lipid analysis was performed on developing metacestodes of Taenia taeniaeformis removed from the livers of rats at times varying from 3 to 35 weeks post infection. Lipid accounted for 7–21% of the dry weight of the parasites. The highest proportions were found at the earlier stages. The distribution was as follows; neutral lipid 27–45%; glycolipid 5–11%; and phospholipid 50–61%. The major neutral lipid was cholesterol, and minor neutral lipids were sterol esters, triglycerides, diglycerides and monoglycerides. Hydrocarbons were present throughout development, but in the highest amounts at the earlier stages. Five different glycolipids were found, all of which were identified as glycosphingolipids. An increase in the proportion of more complex glycolipids was noted as parasites grew older. Ten different phospholipids were identified, with the major components being phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, and phosphatidylserine. Other phospholipids were: lysophosphatides, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidic acid, diphosphatidylglycerol, sphingomyelin, and an unknown phospholipid component. Changes in the relative amounts of the two major phospholipids were found when the early and late stages were compared. Two lipids found throughout development were identified as glycosylated dolichol phosphates, and they comprised between 1 and 3% of the total phospholipid fraction. Nineteen fatty acids were detected, and the fatty acid distribution for each lipid class at each stage was determined. Seven major fatty acids were common to each. These were: hexadecanoic, octadecanoic, oleic, linoleic, arachidonic, docosanoic, and docosahexaenoic.     

Simple Serological Assays for Detecting Rice Tungro Viruses

An attempt was made to produce sensitive and specific polyclonal antisera against the viruses causing rice tungro disease, and to assess their potential for use in simple diagnostic tests. Using a multiple, sequential injection procedure, seven batches of polyclonal antisera against rice tungro bacilliform virus (RTBV) and rice tungro spherical virus (RTSV) were produced. These were characterized for their sensitivity and specificity using ring-interface precipitin test and double antibody sandwich (DAS) ELISA. Thirty-one weeks after the first immunization, antiserum batch B6b for RTBV showed the highest ring interface titer (DEP = 1:1920). For RTSV, batches S3, S4b and S5b all had similar titres (DEP = 1:640). In DAS-ELISA, however, significant differences among purified antisera (IgG) batches were observed only at IgG dilution of 10^-3. At that dilution, IgGB4b showed the greatest sensitivity, while IgGS3 showed greatest sensitivity for RTSV. When all IgG batches were tested against 11 tungro field isolates (dual RTBV-RTSV infections) at sample dilution of 1:10, IgGB4b and IgGB6b for RTBV and IgGS3 and IgGS6b for RTSV performed equally well. However, after cross adsorption with healthy plant extracts in a specially prepared healthy plant-Sepharose affinity column, only IgGB6b could be used specifically to detect RTBV in a simple tissue-print assay.     

Is it worthy to take full-course immunotherapy for allergic rhinitis? About efficacy biomarker of allergen immunotherapy

Nowadays, people pay more attention to biomarkers that can predict clinical efficacy of immunotherapy for allergic rhinitis. As the only recognized aetiological treatment, the efficacy of allergen immunotherapy (AIT) has been proved by many studies. However, treatment success depends on compliance and persistence greatly, which can be impaired by the lengthy duration of AIT and socioeconomic status of patients. Besides, ineffectiveness is another factor that accounts for non-adherence. If the clinical efficacy can be predicted in the early stage of immunotherapy, it can help patients choose appropriate treatment plans, increase patient compliance and optimize the allocation of medical resources. This paper mainly focuses on five candidate biomarkers, the sIgE/tIgE ratio before treatment, serum inhibitory activity for IgE, decreased basophil activation, upregulation of Tregs and tolerogenic DCs, reviews the time when potential biomarkers can predict or monitor the efficacy of AIT, discusses the reason why these indicators could serve as efficacy biomarkers and interactions among potential biomarkers.     

Neurotransmitter signaling pathways required for normal development in Xenopus laevis embryos: a pharmacological survey screen

Neurotransmitters are not only involved in brain function but are also important signaling molecules for many diverse cell types. Neurotransmitters are widely conserved, from evolutionarily ancient organisms lacking nervous systems through man. Here, results are reported from a loss‐ and gain‐of‐function survey, using pharmacological modulators of several neurotransmitter pathways to examine possible roles for these pathways in normal embryogenesis. Applying reagents targeting the glutamatergic, adrenergic and dopaminergic pathways to embryos of Xenopus laevis from gastrulation to organogenesis stages, we observed and quantified numerous malformations, including craniofacial defects, hyperpigmentation, muscle mispatterning and miscoiling of the gut. These data implicate several key neurotransmitters in new embryonic patterning roles, reveal novel earlier stages for processes involved in eye development, suggest new targets for subsequent molecular‐genetic investigation, and highlight the necessity for in‐depth toxicology studies of psychoactive compounds to which human embryos might be exposed during pregnancy.     

Uncombable Hair (cheveux incoiffables, pili trianguli et canaliculi) Syndrome: Brief Review and Role of Scanning Electron Microscopy in Diagnosis

Uncombable hair syndrome was first described some 3 decades ago as "cheveux incoiffables" and is also known as spun-glass hair and pili trianguli et canaliculi. Both inherited (autosomal dominant and recessive with variable levels of penetrance) and sporadic forms of uncombable hair syndrome have been described, both being characterized by scalp hair that is impossible to comb due to the haphazard arrangement of the hair bundles. A characteristic morphologic feature of hair in this syndrome is a triangular to reniform to heart shape on cross-sections, and a groove, canal or flattening along the entire length of the hair in at least 50%of hairs examined by scanning electron microscopy. Most individuals are affected early in childhood and the hair takeson a spun-glassappearance with the hair becoming dry, curly, glossy, lighter in color, and progressively uncombable. Only the scalp hair is affected. Several conditions are associated with uncombable hair, such as ectodermal dysplasia, retinal dysplasia/ pigmentary dystrophy, juvenile cataract, digit abnormalities, tooth enamel anomalies, oligodontia, and phalangoepiphyseal dysplasia. Other syndromes with hair abnormalities may also mimic uncombable hair syndrome clinically and these include, Rapp-Hodgkin ectodermal dysplasia; loose anagen hair syndrome; ectodermal dysplasia, ectrodatyly, cleft lip/ palate (EEC) syndrome; and familial tricho-odonto-onchyial ectodermal dysplasia with syndactyly. Unlike other conditions with an uncombable hair component, uncombable hair syndrome alone (cheveux incoiffables, pili trianguli etcanaliculi) is not associated with physical, neurologic, or mental abnormalities. In most cases of uncombable hair syndrome, the hair is grossly abnormal in infancy and early childhood, but may have improved manageability later in life. Scanning electron microscopy of hair samples provides definitive evidence for diagnosis of clinically suspected uncombable hair syndrome and eliminates other hair abnormalities from the differential diagnosis.     

A comparative study of cholinergic systems of the neocortex and hippocampus in rats with low and high resistance to hypoxia

Synaptic structures in the neocortex and hippocampus of the intact brain were compared between rats with low and high resistance to hypobaric hypoxia. Activities of choline acetyltransferase, acetylcholinesterase, Na,K-ATPase, and the portion of protein in the light and heavy synaptosome fractions and subfractions were measured. A discrepancy in cholinergic metabolism molecular mechanisms between high and low resistance animals have been found in the heavy somatosoma fraction from the neocortex. Activities of choline acetyltransferase, acetylcholinesterase, and Na,K-ATPase in the synaptolemmal subfraction of low resistant rats were much lower than in high resistant rats. This implies a less effective synaptic transmission in proper cholinergic neurons in the low resistance animals and, therefore, specifically changed neuron functioning in the circulation control. No differences in the cholinergic components of either neocortical light synaptosome fraction or hippocampal light and heavy synaptosome fractions were found between low and high resistance rats. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii I Meditsiny, Vol. 125, No. 5, pp. 521–525, May, 1998     

BSACI guideline for the diagnosis and management of cow's milk allergy

This guideline advises on the management of patients with cow's milk allergy. Cow's milk allergy presents in the first year of life with estimated population prevalence between 2% and 3%. The clinical manifestations of cow's milk allergy are very variable in type and severity making it the most difficult food allergy to diagnose. A careful age‐ and disease‐specific history with relevant allergy tests including detection of milk‐specific IgE (by skin prick test or serum assay), diagnostic elimination diet, and oral challenge will aid in diagnosis in most cases. Treatment is advice on cow's milk avoidance and suitable substitute milks. Cow's milk allergy often resolves. Reintroduction can be achieved by the graded exposure, either at home or supervised in hospital depending on severity, using a milk ladder. Where cow's milk allergy persists, novel treatment options may include oral tolerance induction, although most authors do not currently recommend it for routine clinical practice. Cow's milk allergy must be distinguished from primary lactose intolerance. This guideline was prepared by the Standards of Care Committee (SOCC) of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology (BSACI) and is intended for clinicians in secondary and tertiary care. The recommendations are evidence based, but where evidence is lacking the panel of experts in the committee reached consensus. Grades of recommendation are shown throughout. The document encompasses epidemiology, natural history, clinical presentations, diagnosis, and treatment.