Comparative Analysis of Accumulation of Chlorine e6 and Hematoporphyrin Derivatives in Subpopulations of Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes

We studied accumulation of porphyrin photosensitizers chlorine e6, hematoporphyrin, and their derivatives by different lymphocyte subpopulations. The intensity of staining of B lymphocytes and natural killer cells with photosensitizers was higher compared to T lymphocytes. T cell subpopulation differed by their ability to bind photosensitizers. Relative accumulation of dimethyl esters of chlorine e6 and hematoporphyrin in cells surpassed that of nonesterified porphyrins.     

Suppressive effect of immature erythroid cells on the B-cell proliferation

Immature erythroid cells suppress the proliferative response of preactivated B lymphocytes to lipopolysaccharide. The same effect is observed when recombinant human interleukin-2 or culture medium conditioned by preactivated T or B cells is added to cultured cells. Suppressive nucleate erythroid cells are resistant to leucine methyl ester. Translated fromByulleten’ Eksperimental’noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 123, No. 1, pp. 66–70, January, 1997     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">In vitro</Emphasis> comparison of immunological properties of cultured human mesenchymal cells from various sources

Cell-mediated cytotoxicity was studied in vitro during the interaction of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, fibroblast-like cells from newborn umbilical cord, and skin fibroblasts of an adult donor with peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Independently on the origin, mesenchymal cells were not lysed with allogeneic natural killer cells and cytotoxic lymphocytes. Mixed cultures of mesenchymal cells had no cytotoxic effect on peripheral blood mononuclear cells and did not activate proliferation of T and B lymphocytes, natural killer cells, and CD14⁺ lymphocytes. In vitro experiments showed that mesenchymal cells of different origin and allogeneic immunocompetent cells are tolerant to each other. __________ Translated from Byulleten’ Eksperimental’noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 145, No. 2, pp. 188–191, February, 2008     

Role of various subpopulations of B lymphocytes in production of antigen-induced nonspecific immunoglobulins

Congeneric CBA and CBA/N mice (with and without Lyb5+B cells, respectively) respond to T cell-dependent antigens by the appearance of antibody-producing cells and accumulation of cells synthesizing nonspecific immunoglobulins. Type 2 cell-independent antigens induce similar changes only in CBA mice having mature B lymphocytes. The data suggest that B lymphocytes are responsible for the appearance of antibody-producing cells and polyclonal activation. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditisiny, Vol. 128. No. 12, pp. 681–683, December, 1999     

Systemic cytokine response in humans with chiclero’s ulcers

In this work, we report the existence of enhanced concentrations of IL-2 (Th1 cytokine), TNF-α (mainly a Th1 cytokine), IL-12p40, a strong delayed type hypersensitivity response, and the absence of a serum-specific antibody response (IgG or IgE) in patients with active chiclero’s ulcers. There was a low serum concentration of IL-6 (a Th2 cytokine) that was further reduced once patients healed following antimonial therapy (i.e., 4 months after treatment started). There was an absence of serum IL-4 (a Th2 cytokine) in patients before and after healing. The serum content of nitric oxide, transforming growth factor-β1, and IL-12p70 in patients with progressive chiclero’s ulcers was not different from that of controls. Patients had an alteration in blood-cell counts and showed a poor T cell proliferation after in vitro stimulation with Leishmania mexicana gp63. We concluded that patients with progressive chiclero’s ulcers develop a Th1 type of response at this stage of the disease which correlates with increases in circulating eosinophils and B cells and a reduction of circulating CD8⁺ T lymphocytes.     

Comparative analysis of budded virus infectivity of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Bombyx mandarina</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">B. mori</Emphasis> nucleopolyhedroviruses

Bombyx mandarina nucleopolyhedrovirus (BomaNPV) is a variant of Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV). BomaNPV S1 strain has been reported to be significantly less virulent than the BmNPV T3 strain via the oral infection route in B. mori larvae, but other features of S1 including budded virus (BV) infectivity and virus propagation in cultured cells are still unknown. In this study, we compared BV infectivity of S1 and T3 in B. mori larvae and cultured cells. Larval bioassays by intrahemocoelic BV injection revealed that the median lethal dose of S1’s BV was approximately three times lower than that of T3. In addition, S1 produced more BVs and occlusion bodies (OBs) in the hemolymph of B. mori larvae compared with T3. Furthermore, we observed that the locomotion was enhanced earlier and the median lethal time was shorter in S1-infected larvae compared with those in T3-infected larvae. Western blot analysis of S1- and T3-infected BmN cells revealed that expression of late and very late gene products in S1-infected cells was higher than that in T3-infected cells. Collectively, these results clearly show that S1’s BV infectivity is higher than that of T3 in both B. mori larvae and cultured cells, although S1’s OBs are much less infectious to B. mori larvae than T3’s.     

Count and heterogeneity of human fetal blood lymphocytes in the course of fetal development

Blood specimens from 89 human embryos and fetuses were analyzed by immunological methods during gestation weeks 4–40. All formed elements circulate in fetal blood starting from week 13 of gestation. Lymphocytes predominate among blood leukocytes, because normally lymphocytosis is an inherent, feature of blood. T cells and their subpopulations: active T lymphocytes, Tγ lymphocytes, and theophylline-sensitive and risistant, cells are present. B lymphocytes are represented by cells with immunoglobulins M and G, zero cells, and large granular lymphocytes. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 126., No. 9, pp. 331–333, September, 1998     

Effect of vitamin D on humoral and cell-mediated immune response and functional activity of peritoneal macrophages

1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D₃, an active metabolite of vitamin D, decreases the number of antibody-producing cells in C57B1/6 mice immunized with sheep erythrocytes, suppresses lymphocytes proliferation in response to stimulation with pokeweed mitogen and concanavalin A, and stimulates functional activity of macrophages. Translated fromByulleten’ Eksperimental’noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 123, No. 1, pp. 63–65, January, 1997     

A characterization of human B and T lymphocytes by their lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme pattern

Human lymphocytes have been separated by two different techniques: the rosette sedimentation technique and the nylon wool column filtration method. The unseparated lymphocytes and each B and T fraction obtained, were examined according to their capacity to form E and erythrocyte antibody-complement complex (EAC) rosettes. The lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) isoenzyme pattern was studied on each cell population after agar gel electrophoresis. The T lymphocytes showed a significantly higher activity in the LDH-1 band compared to the B lymphocytes. Previous contradictory reports on the LDH isoenzyme pattern of unseparated lymphocytes and the characterstic decrease of the LDH-1 band observed in chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells are discussed. A possible application of the isoenzyme distribution in B and T cells, i.e. a criterion for characterization of human B and T lymphocytes, is proposed.     

Lymphocyte resistance to cold anabiosis of different degree

We studied the resistance of human blood T and B lymphocytes to cold anabiosis (−20°C, −40°C, and −80°C) of different duration. __________ Translated from Byulleten’ Eksperimental’noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 142, No. 8, pp. 142–144, August, 2006