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1.
基于压力波的人体脉搏波传播速度无创检测研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
脉搏波传播速度的变化往往是血管弹性程度发生变化的最早体征,因此脉搏波速度的检测对动脉硬化等疾病的诊断有较高的参考价值,其检测精度主要取决于波速参考点的提取算法。在分析实际采集的脉搏压力波信号特征的基础上,对波峰、波足等特征点进行了识别,并提出了一种根据脉搏波前沿内斜率最大值点的个数和位置确定惟一波速参考点的新算法。临床实验证明,新方法能够有效地提取脉搏波速度,有助于动脉血管弹性程度的辅助诊断。  相似文献   

2.
一种基于几何特征的ECG波形识别算法   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的 ECG自动分析系统由两部分组成:波形识别和智能诊断。在实际应用中,心电波形识别是该系统的关键。波形识别的精确性和可靠性决定了心脏病诊断的可靠性。为提高波形识别的速率及准确度,本文提出一种基于几何特征的ECG波形识别算法。方法首先利用数字滤波算法对信号进行预处理,提高信号的信噪比,然后通过改进的二阶导数计算出数据的几何特征:点的斜率和运动趋势,并在此基础上,结合ECG波形的实际物理特征,利用算法实现T波、P波、QRS波群的起点、终点以及波峰波谷的自动识别。结果统计分析结果表明,本算法能够快速高效地识别ECG波形。同时将该算法与其他当前各种ECG波形识别算法进行对比,该识别算法在识别的精确性与阳性预测值方面具有更好的性能。结论本文提出的基于几何特征的ECG波形识别算法可以进一步提高当前ECG波形识别算法的性能。  相似文献   

3.
针对传统脉搏波传导时间(PTT)检测方法对脉搏波(PPG)信号幅值变化敏感、计算量大等问题,提出了一种综合波形时域特征和动态差分阈值的PTT检测算法。采用动态差分阈值检测心电(ECG)信号R波,根据波形时域特征缩短脉搏波信号主波检测区间,利用R波检测脉搏波信号主波,从而计算PTT。利用美国麻省理工学院MIMIC数据库和实验室实测数据对上述算法进行验证。结果表明,该方法能够准确地提取特征点并检测出PTT,对实测和数据库样本的PTT检测准确率分别为99.1%和97.5%,效果优于传统检测方法。  相似文献   

4.
传统使用脉搏波测量血压的方法存在准确率较低和特征点难以提取的问题。针对这些问题,本研究首先提出脉搏波分解算法,将脉搏波分解为三个钟型波复合的形式,由此获取到准确的脉搏波传播时间;之后提出混合特征卷积神经网络模型ABP-net,该模型将脉搏波传播时间特征和使用一维卷积自动提取的脉搏波波形特征相结合对动脉血压进行预测。最后使用ABP-net对MIMIC Ⅲ中15个患者的血压进行预测。实验结果表明,ABP-net能够有效地提取脉搏波波形特征而且对血压的预测精度更高。  相似文献   

5.
基于重搏波谷点的脉搏波波形特征量分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的 脉搏波包含许多重要的血流动力学信息.罗志昌教授前期研究,曾提出一个以脉图面积变化为基础的脉搏波波形特征量K.但是在长期的实验中发现相同的K值有着不同的脉搏波波形.方法 在脉搏波波形特征量K的基础上提出以重搏波谷为界将脉搏波波形分为两部分,相应地波形特征量也分为K1,和K2.结果 脉搏波波形特征量K1和K2的变化能够反映人体心脏、血管、血压、微循环功能的变化.结论 脉搏波波形特征量K值分为K1和K2后,解决了原来相同K值而生理状态不同的问题.  相似文献   

6.
为了能够简便快捷地检测心房颤动,提出一种基于光电容积脉搏波描记法(PPG)对心房颤动进行识别的方法。首先,将已确诊为心房颤动状态脉搏波与健康状态脉搏波数据进行对比分析;其次,基于分析结果,从脉搏波数据中提取与心房颤动相关的6类特征参数作为分类器的输入;最后,使用支持向量机(SVM)、BP神经网络、随机森林算法3种分类器建立心房颤动识别模型,其识别心房颤动的准确率分别可达89.1%、92.3%、95.2%。实验结果表明,基于PPG的心房颤动识别方法具有很高的识别准确率,尤其在使用随机森林算法作为分类器时,识别准确率达到最优。同时该检测方法简便快捷,是一种可以替代传统心电图检测识别心房颤动的方法,对心房颤动患者的长期观察监测具有临床价值。  相似文献   

7.
我们提出了一种基于差分方法的QRS波检测方法.该方法通过计算心电信号的差分函数,消除或减弱P波T波以及其它干扰信号对QRS波检测的影响,解决了传统检测方法检测准确率低和小波检测算法复杂,计算量大的问题.在对多组来自MIT-BIH数据库数据的实验结果表明,该方法对于各种病态波形具有很好的适应性.在我们研制的"十二导心电图PC系统"中,该方法已得到了临床应用,检测准确率达到99%以上.  相似文献   

8.
目的能量消耗是衡量运动负荷最直接的指标。本文的研究目的是利用脉搏波波形来衡量运动负荷,从而为基于可穿戴设备的运动负荷评价技术提供基础。方法招募32名年龄为18~60岁的正常人作为受试者,采用指夹式光电容积脉搏波传感器对受试者的脉搏波进行采集,使用K4b2心肺功能测试仪获取的能量消耗作为金标准进行功率自行车实验,从而获得脉搏波波形特征与能量消耗之间的关系。结果在静息状态下,脉搏波周期、主波峰值、脉搏波面积的数值较为稳定;而在功率车运动状态下,脉搏波波形周期平均值、主波峰值、脉搏波面积的平均值变小,三者标准差则增大。实验结果表明,脉搏波波形幅值对时间的积分J与能量消耗E在静止、功率车运动状态下皆呈线性关系,两者拟合直线的斜率之比为常数。结论使用光电容积脉搏波波形对运动负荷进行评估是可行的。利用脉搏波波形特征,可以较为准确地拟合出运动中的能量消耗,从而评价运动负荷。  相似文献   

9.
利用三次样条差值法抑制脉搏波基线漂移   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的脉搏波检测过程中,必须克服由于呼吸运动和身体移位会导致脉搏信号的基线漂移。本文提出一种基于三次样条差值的脉搏波基线漂移抑制方法。方法选择脉搏波的各个起始点为给定点,根据各个给定点的数值利用三次样条插值拟合出基线。然后用脉搏波在各个采样时间点上的采样值减去对应时间点上的基线函数数值,得到去基线的脉搏波波形。结果通过实际测量实验表明,脉搏波去基线后,基线比较平稳,波形比较稳定。结论三次样条差值法能有效抑制脉搏波的基线漂移,并且能够很好地应用在脉搏波实时检测中。  相似文献   

10.
为实现心血管疾病的早期筛查,降低心血管疾病临床检测的成本。本研究基于上肢脉搏波传导速度(PWV)及脉搏波相关血液动力学基础理论,采集了总计51人的脉搏波与心电信号数据,提取了包括3种PWV和脉搏波特征参数总计16个特征参数,将不同的PWV与脉搏波特征组成3个样本特征数据集,分别建立了基于K近邻学习(KNN)和支持向量机(SVM)的心血管疾病识别模型。KNN模型分类准确率为66.28%,SVM模型分类准确率为84.3%,并通过对比不同PWV对模型性能的影响,确定了用于血管评估的最优脉搏波传导速度pwvm。研究表明基于SVM建立的分类模型对心血管疾病识别有一定可靠性,为低成本的心血管疾病早期筛查提供了新思路,也为穿戴式心血管系统监测提供了基础。  相似文献   

11.
Renal dysplasia and asplenia in two sibs   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
A family is reported in which two sibs, one male and the other female, both died within 24 hours of birth with enlarged polycystic kidneys. Postmortem histology in the second child showed gross renal dysplasia. In both children the pancreas was enlarged, nodular and cystic but the liver appeared macroscopically normal. In the second child, histological examination confirmed pancreatic fibrosis with cystic dilation of ducts, but showed portal fibrosis with bile duct proliferation in the liver.
This combination of findings is very reminiscent of those in a girl and her brother reported by Ivemark et al. (1959). The children reported here also showed absence or hypoplasia of the spleen, cardiac anomalies and other features of the Ivemark syndrome (Ivemark 1955), a quite different, usually sporadic, congenital disorder. It is suggested that the children described here have a distinct lethal congenital disorder, probably inherited in an autosomal recessive manner.  相似文献   

12.
Over 200 schizophrenic patients belonging to three major and interrelated pedigree complexes have been investigated over the past 30 years in a North Swedish geographically isolated population, presently numbering about 6,000. An intensive investigation of a number of biochemical correlates and genetic markers in a few selected families belonging to one of the major pedigrees has indicated new strategies for the current research program.
Schizophrenia, as defined operationally, is significantly associated with decreased activities of two enzymes (1) blood platelet monoamine oxidase, (2) plasma dopamine-β-hydroxylase, and (3) with the genetic marker Gc2 (group specific antigen). Both enzymes are subject to genetic variation. A positive score for linkage between schizophrenia and low plasma DBH activity has been calculated, but, so far, available data are insufficient for discrimination between linkage and partial contribution of genetically controlled low plasma DBH to the pathogenesis of the disease. Alternatively, both mechanisms could be involved.
As a model for continued research, schizophrenia is explained as based on a double dominant-recessive genotype (Aabb), representing a vulnerability which in about 50 % of cases develops into clinical schizophrenia. It is suggested that the dominant mutation (A) operates on or affects MAO activity, and that the recessive genotype (bb) is instrumental in low variates of DBH activity and very likely such variates within the normal range of physiological variation. Moreover, it is suggested that the combined effects of MAO- and DBH-reduced efficiency on the metabolism of e.g. dopamine could be an essential pathogenic mechanism for the schizophrenic illness which is segregating in this population.  相似文献   

13.
About 1900, modern food selection and processing caused widespread epidemics of the B vitamin deficiency diseases of beriberi and pellagra which, for genetic reasons, often expressed as different diseases ranging from bowel and heart disease to dermatoses and psychoses. But the B vitamins merely help convert essential fatty acids (EFA) into the prostaglandin (PG) tissue regulators and it now turns out that, through hydrogenation, milling and selection of w3-poor southern foods, we have also been systematically depleting, by as much as 90%, a newly discovered trace Nordic EFA (w3) of special importance to primates and sole precursor of the PG3(4) series, even as a concurrent fiber deficiency increases body demand for EFA. Since substrate EFA is processed by many B vitamin catalysts, an EFA deficiency will mimic a panhypovitaminosis B, i.e., a mixture of substrate beriberi and substrate pellagra resembling vitamin beriberi and pellagra but exhibiting as even more diverse endemic disease. This would consitute a second stage of the Modern Malnutrition and explain why some workers now hold the dominant diseases of modermized societies to be new, nutritionally based, pellagraform yet lipid-related and to range, once again, from heart disease to psychosis. It is an assumption that our dominant diseases are unrelated to each other or are merely revealed by our diagnostic acumen and therapeutic success; and that hydrogenating millions of tons of food oils annually, to destroy the rancidity producing w3-EFA, is safe for primates. Extensive beriberiform disease is reported here in 32 typical cases taken from medical practice which responds strikingly to linseed oil supplements (60% w3-EFA) in confirmation of identical results in Capuchins.  相似文献   

14.
15.
Recent advancements in agricultural biotechnology have created a need for analytical techniques to determine introduced proteins in crops enhanced through modern biotechnology techniques. These proteins are expressed in plant tissues and may be present in food ingredients. Immunoassays are ideally suited for protein detection and may be used as both quantitative and threshold methods. Microplate ELISA and lateral flow devices are two of the most commonly used immunoassay formats for agricultural biotechnology applications. This paper provides general background information and a discussion of criteria for the validation and application of immunochemical methods to the analysis of proteins introduced into plants and food ingredients using biotechnology methods. It is the result of a collaborative effort of members of the Analytical Environmental Immunochemical Consortium. This collaborative effort represents the combined expertise of several organizations to reach consensus on establishing guidelines for the validation and use of immunoassays. Further, the paper offers developers and users a consistent approach to adopting the technology as well as aid in producing accurate and meaningful results.  相似文献   

16.
Newton H 《Medical history》2011,55(2):153-182
Sick children were ubiquitous in early modern England, and yet they have received very little attention from historians. Taking the elusive perspective of the child, this article explores the physical, emotional, and spiritual experience of illness in England between approximately 1580 and 1720. What was it like being ill and suffering pain? How did the young respond emotionally to the anticipation of death? It is argued that children’s experiences were characterised by profound ambivalence: illness could be terrifying and distressing, but also a source of emotional and spiritual fulfilment and joy. This interpretation challenges the common assumption amongst medical historians that the experiences of early modern patients were utterly miserable. It also sheds light on children’s emotional feelings for their parents, a subject often overlooked in the historiography of childhood. The primary sources used in this article include diaries, autobiographies, letters, the biographies of pious children, printed possession cases, doctors’ casebooks, and theological treatises concerning the afterlife.  相似文献   

17.
The preparation steps usually necessary for obtaining ultrathin frozen sections of biological material (chemical prefixation, enclosing, cryoprotective treatment, freezing, sectioning, and post-staining the sections for transmission electron microscopy) are submitted to a critical analysis. The application of cryo-ultramicrotomy, in particularly for cytochemical purposes, is reviewed. Fundamental considerations of chemical prefixation and poststaining are supported by examples from yeast cytology. Furthermore, the efficiency of the cryo-ultramicrotomy (electron optical resolution of ultrastructural details) is demonstrated on yeast cells and protoplasts.  相似文献   

18.
Most bodily functions require the coordinated actions of complementary and supplementary paired muscle groups. Where this essential muscular cooperation is lacking, hollow organs may burst and others become literally screwed up, giving rise to many similar spastic diseases such as Torticollis, Twisted ovarian cyst, Torsion of the Testis, Volvulus of the intestines, Varicose Veins, Megacolon, Aortamegaly, Scoliosis, Erb's Palsy, Peyronie's Disease, Main-en-Griffe, Undescended Foot (Pes Cavus), Talipes, Strabismus. Spasm is “panenepidemic” and unclassified examples of Torsion Dystonia and Dyskinesia really are as common as debt and taxes.  相似文献   

19.
There are an estimated over 200 million yearly cases of malaria worldwide. Despite concerted international effort to combat the disease, it still causes approximately half a million deaths every year, the majority of which are young children with Plasmodium falciparum infection in sub-Saharan Africa. Successes are largely attributed to malaria prevention strategies, such as insecticide-treated mosquito nets and indoor spraying, as well as improved access to existing treatments. One important hurdle to new approaches for the treatment and prevention of malaria is our limited understanding of the biology of Plasmodium infection and its complex interaction with the immune system of its human host. Therefore, the elimination of malaria in Africa not only relies on existing tools to reduce malaria burden, but also requires fundamental research to develop innovative approaches. Here, we summarize our discoveries from investigations of ethnic groups of West Africa who have different susceptibility to malaria.  相似文献   

20.
There is a sharp difference in how one views TCR structure–function–behaviour dependent on whether its recognition of major histocompatibility complex‐encoded restriction elements (R) is germline selected or somatically generated. The generally accepted or Standard model is built on the assumption that recognition of R is by the V regions of the αβ TCR, which is not driven by allele specificity, whereas the competing model posits that recognition of R is allele‐specific. The establishing of allele‐specific recognition of R by the TCR would rule out the Standard model and clear the road to a consideration of a competing construct, the Tritope model. Here, the case for allele‐specific recognition (germline selected) is detailed making it obvious that the Standard model is untenable.  相似文献   

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