投入:工作倦怠研究的新视角

目的 对工作投入的相关研究进行综述.方法 文献整理法.结果 投入是雇员持续的、积极的情感激活状态,其特征为活力、奉献和专注;国外关于投入的测量方法主要有两种;倦怠和投入是可以相互区分的两个心理学概念.结论 投入是倦怠未来研究的新方向,应当对工作投入问题加以关注.     

耳廓软骨膜炎1例

1 临床资料患者女,19岁.主因"左耳水肿红斑3 d"于2007年10月9日来空军总医院门诊就诊.患者3 d前无明显诱因自觉左耳烧灼、痒痛,次日晨耳前上部位突然高度水肿、胀痛难忍,自服"扑尔敏"、外用"肤轻松",症状不能缓解,为进一步治疗来我院就诊.患者病程中无发热,精神饮食睡眠均正常.既往及家族史无特殊.体格检查;系统检查未见异常.皮肤科检查:左耳廓前部红肿,触之坚硬,压痛明显,表面无破溃、渗出糜烂,耳垂正常.     

疣状皮肤结核1例

1 临床资料患者, 女性, 11岁.右膝斑块7年就诊.7年前无诱因患者右膝部出现豆粒大小红色丘疹, 圆形, 边界清楚, 表面无鳞屑, 无水疱、 大疱, 无出血、渗出、溃破, 自觉微痒, 当时未介意.此后皮损渐增至鸡蛋大小, 偶感瘙痒, 无其他任何不适, 按"湿疹"在多家医院诊治, 皮损从未消退.     

应用Microsoft Excel软件进行《组织学与胚胎学》考卷组织的体会

考试是教学活动中的一个重要环节,目前考试成绩仍然是衡量教学质量最常用的指标,而考卷的质量直接影响到学生的考试成绩。为了更好地组织出符合教学大纲要求,既能涵盖《组织学与胚胎学》主要内容,又能够有一定区分度的试卷,我们将Microsoft Excel软件应用到其中,具体体会报道如下。     

大学生消费心理及消费行为的调查与分析

目的 探讨大学生的实际消费心理及消费行为并进行分析.方法 采用问卷调查的方法,并结合一定量的访谈.结果 绝大多数大学生具有健康的消费心理,只有5%左右的大学生具有病态的消费心理,但却有约20%的大学生对消费意义的认知不清.结论 大学生的消费心理及消费行为应受到关注,学校应加强这方面的教育.     

有限自制力的理论假设及相关研究

自我控制与理性和谐的生活秩序息息相关。近十年来关于自我控制的研究表明．自制力类似于肌肉的力量，是有限而易消耗的，休息后能自动恢复；为了克服有限的资源与无限的需要的矛盾．个体倾向于有选择地使用宝贵的自制力资源；通过预期、启动等途径能在一定程度上降低自制力消耗的效应．通过锻炼能够有效地提升自制力的强度。未来的研究最重要的是找到直接测量自制力资源的途径．确立有限自制力理论的说服力。     

疫苗接种网上交流虚拟社区平台的搭建

伴随着互联网技术的飞速发展,特别是Web2.0技术的出现,给众多网站带来了新的活力.这些网站更加的注重与用户的交互性,让用户也成为了网上信息的提供者,网上虚拟社区也如雨后春笋迅速发展.本文着重介绍了疫苗接种网上虚拟社区的建设,这种专注于特定领域的虚拟社区,将吸引想从该网站--疫苗接种大众资讯网获取各种疫苗接种信息的专业与非专业人士,在这里可以充分的与他人在这个虚拟的环境里尽情交流疫苗接种知识.     

乙肝病毒血清标记物与血清HBV-DNA的关系

目的:探讨不同乙肝感染模式的患者与HBV-DNA定量结果进行对比分析.方法:采用ELISA方法检测乙肝病毒血清标记物, 荧光定量PCR (FQ-PCR) 检测HBV-DNA, 比较二者之间的关系.结果:HBsAg、 HBeAg、 HBcAb阳性组和HBsAg、 HBeAg阳性组 HBV-DNA检出率较高, 分别为96.61%和100%.HBsAg、 HBeAg、 HBcAb阳性组HBV-DNA含量平均水平为3.86×108, HBsAg、 HBeAg阳性组HBV-DNA含量平均水平为1.73×108;HBsAg、 HBeAb、 HBcAb阳性组和HBsAg、 HBcAb阳性组检出率也较高, 达45% 以上, HBV-DNA含量平均水平分别为1.30×107和1.31×106.结论:FQ-PCR检测HBVDNA能准确地反映体内的HBV真实感染和复制情况, 在乙肝的诊断和治疗中, 不能单凭两对半的检测, 同时应做HBV-DNA的定量测定.     

骨科创伤病人引发血栓的治疗

目的 通过研究骨科创伤患者引发的血栓栓塞及肺动脉栓塞,以探讨对其发病机制、临床特征、高危因素及病死率的早期治疗及预防.方法 统计自2000年2月～2006年1月的骨科创伤患者,合并血栓栓塞及肺动脉栓塞共18例(960人).进行临床资料回顾性研究分析.结果 血栓栓塞占骨科创伤病人并发症的2.76%.肺动脉栓塞占血栓栓塞的10.02%(3人).且全部死亡.其中年龄大于50岁,合并腰椎、骨盆或下肢外伤的病例占所有血栓栓塞病例的56.31%(11人).结论 年龄大于50岁,肥胖病合并腰椎、骨盆或下肢外伤,合并心血管病患,长期制动的患者,引发血栓栓塞发病率明显增高.病人可因下床,排便,咳嗽等而突然导致肺动脉栓塞死亡.诊治和预防血栓栓塞应引起骨科医生的高度重视.     

中药饮片质量管理的体会

目的 探讨影响中药饮片质量的因素以及保证质量的方法.方法 对本院常用中药饮片进行分析,总结其特性.结果 由于标准的不统一,产地和加工的不同,使同一种饮片质量会产生较大的差异.结论 要从立法、标准的制定、生产和加工各个环节入手.才能确保饮片的质量.     

Development in in vitro toxicology

There are three principal pressures driving the development of in vitro toxicology: (1) the need for more efficient testing systems to cope with the large number of xenobiotics currently being developed; (2) public pressure to reduce animal experimentation; and (3) a need for a better understanding of the mechanisms of toxicity. Within this, in vitro toxicology is focused on local, systemic, and target-organ toxicity. It is becoming increasingly apparent that a step or decision-tree approach using input of a variety of experimental data (physicochemical properties, biokinetics, cytotoxicity) provides the most efficient system for predicting toxicity. Examples of the use of in vitro toxicity systems for prediction of systemic toxicity and target-organ (liver) toxicity are presented.Originally presented at ECCP 93.     

Age-related changes in polyamines in memory-associated brain structures in rats

Polyamines putrescine, spermidine and spermine are positively charged aliphatic amines and have important roles in maintaining normal cellular function, regulating neurotransmitter receptors and modulating learning and memory. Recent evidence suggests a role of putrescine in hippocampal neurogenesis, that is significantly impaired during aging. The present study measured the polyamine levels in memory-related brain structures in 24- (aged), 12- (middle-aged) and 4- (young) month-old rats using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry and high performance liquid chromatography. In the hippocampus, the putrescine levels were significantly decreased in the CA1 and dentate gyrus, and increased in the CA2/3 with age. Significant age-related increases in the spermidine levels were found in the CA1 and CA2/3. There was no difference between groups in spermine in any sub-regions examined. In the parahippocampal region, increased putrescine level with age was observed in the entorhinal cortex, and age did not alter the spermidine levels. The spermine level was significantly decreased in the perirhinal cortex and increased in the postrhinal cortex with age. In the prefrontal cortex, there was age-related decrease in putrescine, and the spermidine and spermine levels were significantly increased with age. This study, for the first time, demonstrates age-related region-specific changes in polyamines in memory-associated structures, suggesting that polyamine system dysfunction may potentially contribute to aged-related impairments in hippocampal neurogenesis and learning and memory.     

Seasonal variations in acute toxoplasmosis in pregnant women in Slovenia

Between December 1999 and December 2004, 40 081 pregnant women were examined for toxoplasmosis with Toxo-IgG, Toxo-IgM enzyme immunoassay. Women with positive results were then retested with the Toxo-IgG avidity assay for recent toxoplasmosis. Recent acute toxoplasmosis in pregnant women was found to be significantly more frequent (p < 0.01) during winter than summer. The incidence of acute toxoplasmosis during winter-spring was also significantly more frequent (p < 0.025) than summer-autumn. This phenomenon should be taken into account when formulating preventive measures for toxoplasmosis, especially for pregnant women.     

休克过程中肾上腺髓质素变化的研究进展

Adrenomedullin (AM) is a new peptidergic regulator of vascular function. AM serves as a hormone, which has many biological properties, plays an important role in the many pathophysiological processes, especially shock. This review will highlight the structure, biological properties of AM and the relationship between AM and shock.     

Secular change in menarche in women in Madrid

The age at menarche was estimated by recollection in 1617 women between the ages of 18 and 60 in Madrid and a nearby suburb, Pinto. The population of Pinto is working-class and the Madrid group, taken from residential neighbourhoods , belongs to the upper middle class. In both groups we found a diminution in average age at menarche, from 14.04 to 13.02 years in Madrid and from 14.55 to 13.16 years from about 1935 to about 1965 in Pinto. These changes have been more intense in the group which is less well-off economically, where living conditions have varied much more drastically.     

肩胛骨内固定在飘浮肩治疗中的意义

目的 探讨肩胛骨出固定治疗飘浮肩的必要性。方法 自2001年12月至2004年9月通过手术对锁骨和肩胛骨均行切复内同定治疗飘浮肩患者12例。结果 术后12例均获得随访，随访时间4个月至3年，平均2年。其中优7例，良3例，差3例(术前合并臂丛神经损伤3例)。结论 对飘浮肩患者，锁骨和肩胛骨均应行内固定，可获得满意的临床疗效。