首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
COL 2A1基因突变与Ⅱ型胶原病   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
Ⅱ型胶原是关节软骨的主要的结构成分。COL 2A1基因编码的Ⅱ型胶原α1链,3条相同的α1链组成Ⅱ型胶原蛋白。α1链包括N端、三螺旋区和C端,三螺旋区由Gly-X-Y重复序列组成。COL 2A1基因突变位点常发生在Gly-X-Y三螺旋重复位置,且表型突变位点发生在比N端和C端严重。COL 2A1基因突变所导致的一组疾病总称为Ⅱ型胶原病,Ⅱ型软骨成长不全与软骨形成不足、脊柱骨骺发育不良、Kniest发育不良、骨性关节炎以及I型Stickler综合征等,本文就COL 2A1基因突变与Ⅱ型胶原病的研究进展作一综述。  相似文献   

2.
遗传性骨病是一大组临床和遗传异质性较强的骨软骨发育不良疾病,常见的临床表现包括矮身材、畸形、不成比例生长以及单个或一组骨骼发育不良。目前与软骨和成骨发育相关疾病的分子遗传学机制发展迅速,《国际遗传性骨病分类标准(2006年版)》共纳入372种遗传性骨病,并按其分子遗传、生化以及影像学特点分为37组,已明确其中215种与一个或多个基因突变相关,相关致病基因约140个。本文简要介绍《国际遗传性骨病分类标准(2006年版)》,综述了与骨软骨发育不良相关的基因如成纤维细胞生长因子受体3(FGFR3)、Ⅱ型胶原(COL2A1)等,以及基因突变导致的临床表现,为遗传性骨病的诊断、产前诊断以及骨软骨发育不良的基础研究提供帮助。  相似文献   

3.
多发性骨骺发育不良遗传学研究进展   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
多发性骨骺发育不良 (multiple epiphyseal dysplasia,MED,OMIM 132 4 0 0 )是一种遗传性骨软骨发育不良疾病 ,特点是轻中度身材矮小和早期发作的骨关节炎。遗传方式以外显完全的常染色体显性遗传为主 ,少数为隐性遗传。 MED临床表型复杂 ,具有明显的遗传异质性。目前发现的与该疾病有关的基因有 4个 ,分别是软骨寡聚物基质蛋白基因 (cartilageoligom eric m atrix protein,COMP)、COL 9A2基因、COL 9A3基因、畸形发育不良硫酸盐转移因子基因 (diastrophic dysplasiasulfate transporter,DTDST)。基因位点依次命名为 EDM1(OMIM 132 4 0 0 )、EDM2 (OMIM 6 0 0 2 0 4 )、EDM3(OMIM 6 0 0 96 9)和 EDM4 (OMIM 2 2 6 90 0 )。  相似文献   

4.
目的研究隔离层在组织工程骨软骨复合支架中,对新生软骨Ⅱ型胶原蛋白表达的影响。方法将向软骨方向诱导后的兔骨髓间充质干细胞接种到骨软骨复合支架的软骨支架上,然后将具有隔离层和没有隔离层的骨软骨复合支架分别植入兔膝关节骨软骨全层缺损处。术后3月和6月分别取材,进行新生软骨Ⅱ型胶原蛋白蛋白的免疫组化染色、Western blot法检测Ⅱ型胶原蛋白的表达、实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)测定Ⅱ型胶原蛋白相关基因的表达。结果与无隔离层的对照组相比,具有隔离层的骨软骨复合支架所形成的新生软骨的Ⅱ型胶原蛋白和基因的表达均明显增强(P<0.05)。结论隔离层加入骨软骨复合支架后,能显著提高新生组织工程软骨Ⅱ型胶原蛋白表达的能力。  相似文献   

5.
 目的:探讨侧壁开窗法上颌窦底提升术这种特殊的引导性骨再生(guided bone regeneration, GBR)过程的转录组特点。方法:3只Beagle犬,随机选择一侧经侧壁开窗行上颌窦底提升术,同时植入Bio-Oss骨粉,术后2周,对另一侧用相同的方法行上颌窦底提升术。第2次术后2周,收集植入的Bio-Oss骨粉组织块,提取总RNA,全基因组表达谱芯片检测分析上颌窦底提升后2周和4周时的差异表达基因。利用基因本体论(gene ontology, GO)对差异表达的基因进行功能分类,以及京都基因与基因组百科全书(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, KEGG)进行信号通路分析。结果:在2周时表达升高的基因与刺激反应、免疫-炎症反应和细胞增殖有关,同时,与神经元分化、破骨细胞分化和早期血管化过程相关的基因也高表达。在4周时,与细胞代谢和发育相关的基因表达升高,重要的是,与血管生成和骨骼发育相关的基因都高表达,与骨骼发育相关的基因包括骨生成相关的生长和分化因子[转化生成因子β1(transforming growth factor beta 1, TGFB1)和骨形态发生蛋白4(bone morphogenetic protein 4, BMP4)]、软骨和骨胞外基质[软骨黏附素(chondroadherin, CHAD)、Ⅰ型胶原α1链(collagen type I, alpha 1 chain, COL1A1)、Ⅰ型胶原α2链(collagen type I, alpha 2 chain, COL1A2)、Ⅴ型胶原α2链(collagen type Ⅴ, alpha 2 chain, COL5A2)、核心蛋白聚糖(decorin, DCN)、骨连接蛋白(osteonectin, SPARC)和骨钙素(osteocalcin, BGLAP)]等相关的基因。信号通路分析显示4周时表达升高的基因与转化生长因子β/骨形态发生蛋白(transforming growth factor beta/bone morphogenetic protein, TGF-β/BMP)信号通路有关。无翅型MMTV整合位点家族(wingless-type MMTV integration site family, WNT)信号通路中的关键基因WNT5A和卷曲蛋白受体9(frizzled receptor 9, FZD9)在2周时表达升高,而连环蛋白β1(catenin beta 1, CTNNB1)在4周时表达升高。结论:侧壁开窗法上颌窦底提升术2周后转录表达谱变化以免疫-炎症反应和破骨反应下调、骨生成相关基因表达升高为特点,骨再生的过程还与神经生成和血管生成过程相关。在骨再生的过程中,TGF-β/BMP和WNT信号通路起重要作用,WNT信号通路的作用复杂。  相似文献   

6.
目的利用生长分化因子(GDF-5)联合地塞米松(Dex)诱导大鼠BMSCs成软骨分化,并探讨Wnt/β-catenin信号通路在其中的作用。方法用全骨髓贴壁法分离培养SD大鼠BMSCs,取P3代细胞随机分成6组:BMSCs组、BMSCs+Dex组、BMSCs+GDF-5组、BMSCs+GDF-5+Dex组、BMSCs+GDF-5+Dex+SB216763组和BMSCs+GDF-5+Dex+XAV-939组。连续诱导培养14 d,倒置相差显微镜观察细胞形态,Alcian blue染色检测细胞的蛋白聚糖,RT-PCR检测成软骨分化相关基因aggrecan、Col2、Sox9、Col1,Wnt/β-catenin信号通路相关基因Dvl1、Gsk3β、β-catenin mRNA表达,Western blot检测Ⅱ型胶原蛋白和β-catenin蛋白表达。结果与BMSCs组相比,BMSCs+GDF-5+Dex组能够使诱导的细胞蛋白聚糖分泌明显增加;Aggrecan、Col2、Sox9基因表达明显增加(P0.05);Ⅱ型胶原蛋白表达增加(P0.05);β-catenin mRNA及蛋白表达水平也增加(P0.05)。与BMSCs+GDF-5+Dex组相比,添加SB216763组蛋白聚糖,Ⅱ型胶原基因和蛋白表达增加(P0.05);相反,添加XAV-939组相应的成软骨分化基因及蛋白表达下降(P0.05)。结论 GDF-5联合地塞米松(Dex)可诱导大鼠BMSCs成软骨分化,Wnt/β-catenin信号通路可能在其中发挥促进作用。  相似文献   

7.
Ⅰ型胶原由α1(Ⅰ)链(COL1A1)与α2(Ⅰ)链(COL1A2)组成,人COL1A1与COL1A2基因的启动子都已鉴定并克隆.调节转录的核因子有Sp1、NF-1、AP-1、CBF、NF-κB、C-myb、c-Krox、BFCOL1、Zf9、Sp3、Smads、TGP、Egr-1、TWIST与NP/NMP4等.在COL1A1和/或COL1A2基因启动子上已鉴定出TGFβ、糖皮质激素、TNFα、IFNγ与视黄酸等的应答元件.  相似文献   

8.
多发性骨骺发育不良遗传学研究进展   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
多发性骨骺发育不良(multiple epiphyseal dysplasia,MED,OMIM 132400)是一种遗传性骨软骨发育不良疾病,特点是轻中度身材矮小和早期发作关节炎。遗传方式以外显完全的常染色体显性遗传为主,少数为隐性遗传。MED临床表型复杂,具有明显的遗传异质性。目前发现的该疾病有关的基因有4个,分别是软骨寡聚物基质蛋白基因(cartilage oligomeric matrix protein,COMP),COL9A2基因,COL9A3基因,畸形发育不良硫酸盐转移因子基因(diastrophic dysplasia sulfate transporter,DTDST)。基因位点依次命名为EDM1(OMIM132400)、EDM2(OMIM600204)、EDM3(OMIM600969)和EDM4(OMIM 226900).  相似文献   

9.
成骨不全(osteogenesis imperfecta,OI)(OIⅠ,MIM#166200;OIⅡ,MIM#166210;OIⅢ,MIM#259420;OIⅣ,MIM#166220)又称脆骨病,是一种全身性结缔组织遗传病,多数为常染色体显性遗传,少数为常染色体隐性遗传,发病率约为1∶10000。临床表现主要包括骨脆性增加、蓝巩膜、牙本质发育不全、听力下降等。90%以上的OI患者具有Ⅰ型胶原基因(COL1A1,COL1A2)突变,尤以COL1A1基因突变为主。Ⅰ型胶原基因突变的位点与OI临床表型有一定的相关性。本文主要就Ⅰ型胶原基因突变与OI的研究进展作一综述。  相似文献   

10.
结缔组织遗传性疾病又称胶原蛋白病,由基因突变引起。决定不同胶原蛋白肽链基因定位于不同的染色体部位。胶原蛋白是由三条肽链(α1、α2、α3)呈螺旋形缠绕而成的绳索状分子,可以组合许多种类型,广泛存在于皮、骨和结缔组织中。  相似文献   

11.
Renal dysplasia and asplenia in two sibs   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
A family is reported in which two sibs, one male and the other female, both died within 24 hours of birth with enlarged polycystic kidneys. Postmortem histology in the second child showed gross renal dysplasia. In both children the pancreas was enlarged, nodular and cystic but the liver appeared macroscopically normal. In the second child, histological examination confirmed pancreatic fibrosis with cystic dilation of ducts, but showed portal fibrosis with bile duct proliferation in the liver.
This combination of findings is very reminiscent of those in a girl and her brother reported by Ivemark et al. (1959). The children reported here also showed absence or hypoplasia of the spleen, cardiac anomalies and other features of the Ivemark syndrome (Ivemark 1955), a quite different, usually sporadic, congenital disorder. It is suggested that the children described here have a distinct lethal congenital disorder, probably inherited in an autosomal recessive manner.  相似文献   

12.
Over 200 schizophrenic patients belonging to three major and interrelated pedigree complexes have been investigated over the past 30 years in a North Swedish geographically isolated population, presently numbering about 6,000. An intensive investigation of a number of biochemical correlates and genetic markers in a few selected families belonging to one of the major pedigrees has indicated new strategies for the current research program.
Schizophrenia, as defined operationally, is significantly associated with decreased activities of two enzymes (1) blood platelet monoamine oxidase, (2) plasma dopamine-β-hydroxylase, and (3) with the genetic marker Gc2 (group specific antigen). Both enzymes are subject to genetic variation. A positive score for linkage between schizophrenia and low plasma DBH activity has been calculated, but, so far, available data are insufficient for discrimination between linkage and partial contribution of genetically controlled low plasma DBH to the pathogenesis of the disease. Alternatively, both mechanisms could be involved.
As a model for continued research, schizophrenia is explained as based on a double dominant-recessive genotype (Aabb), representing a vulnerability which in about 50 % of cases develops into clinical schizophrenia. It is suggested that the dominant mutation (A) operates on or affects MAO activity, and that the recessive genotype (bb) is instrumental in low variates of DBH activity and very likely such variates within the normal range of physiological variation. Moreover, it is suggested that the combined effects of MAO- and DBH-reduced efficiency on the metabolism of e.g. dopamine could be an essential pathogenic mechanism for the schizophrenic illness which is segregating in this population.  相似文献   

13.
About 1900, modern food selection and processing caused widespread epidemics of the B vitamin deficiency diseases of beriberi and pellagra which, for genetic reasons, often expressed as different diseases ranging from bowel and heart disease to dermatoses and psychoses. But the B vitamins merely help convert essential fatty acids (EFA) into the prostaglandin (PG) tissue regulators and it now turns out that, through hydrogenation, milling and selection of w3-poor southern foods, we have also been systematically depleting, by as much as 90%, a newly discovered trace Nordic EFA (w3) of special importance to primates and sole precursor of the PG3(4) series, even as a concurrent fiber deficiency increases body demand for EFA. Since substrate EFA is processed by many B vitamin catalysts, an EFA deficiency will mimic a panhypovitaminosis B, i.e., a mixture of substrate beriberi and substrate pellagra resembling vitamin beriberi and pellagra but exhibiting as even more diverse endemic disease. This would consitute a second stage of the Modern Malnutrition and explain why some workers now hold the dominant diseases of modermized societies to be new, nutritionally based, pellagraform yet lipid-related and to range, once again, from heart disease to psychosis. It is an assumption that our dominant diseases are unrelated to each other or are merely revealed by our diagnostic acumen and therapeutic success; and that hydrogenating millions of tons of food oils annually, to destroy the rancidity producing w3-EFA, is safe for primates. Extensive beriberiform disease is reported here in 32 typical cases taken from medical practice which responds strikingly to linseed oil supplements (60% w3-EFA) in confirmation of identical results in Capuchins.  相似文献   

14.
15.
Recent advancements in agricultural biotechnology have created a need for analytical techniques to determine introduced proteins in crops enhanced through modern biotechnology techniques. These proteins are expressed in plant tissues and may be present in food ingredients. Immunoassays are ideally suited for protein detection and may be used as both quantitative and threshold methods. Microplate ELISA and lateral flow devices are two of the most commonly used immunoassay formats for agricultural biotechnology applications. This paper provides general background information and a discussion of criteria for the validation and application of immunochemical methods to the analysis of proteins introduced into plants and food ingredients using biotechnology methods. It is the result of a collaborative effort of members of the Analytical Environmental Immunochemical Consortium. This collaborative effort represents the combined expertise of several organizations to reach consensus on establishing guidelines for the validation and use of immunoassays. Further, the paper offers developers and users a consistent approach to adopting the technology as well as aid in producing accurate and meaningful results.  相似文献   

16.
Newton H 《Medical history》2011,55(2):153-182
Sick children were ubiquitous in early modern England, and yet they have received very little attention from historians. Taking the elusive perspective of the child, this article explores the physical, emotional, and spiritual experience of illness in England between approximately 1580 and 1720. What was it like being ill and suffering pain? How did the young respond emotionally to the anticipation of death? It is argued that children’s experiences were characterised by profound ambivalence: illness could be terrifying and distressing, but also a source of emotional and spiritual fulfilment and joy. This interpretation challenges the common assumption amongst medical historians that the experiences of early modern patients were utterly miserable. It also sheds light on children’s emotional feelings for their parents, a subject often overlooked in the historiography of childhood. The primary sources used in this article include diaries, autobiographies, letters, the biographies of pious children, printed possession cases, doctors’ casebooks, and theological treatises concerning the afterlife.  相似文献   

17.
The preparation steps usually necessary for obtaining ultrathin frozen sections of biological material (chemical prefixation, enclosing, cryoprotective treatment, freezing, sectioning, and post-staining the sections for transmission electron microscopy) are submitted to a critical analysis. The application of cryo-ultramicrotomy, in particularly for cytochemical purposes, is reviewed. Fundamental considerations of chemical prefixation and poststaining are supported by examples from yeast cytology. Furthermore, the efficiency of the cryo-ultramicrotomy (electron optical resolution of ultrastructural details) is demonstrated on yeast cells and protoplasts.  相似文献   

18.
There is a sharp difference in how one views TCR structure–function–behaviour dependent on whether its recognition of major histocompatibility complex‐encoded restriction elements (R) is germline selected or somatically generated. The generally accepted or Standard model is built on the assumption that recognition of R is by the V regions of the αβ TCR, which is not driven by allele specificity, whereas the competing model posits that recognition of R is allele‐specific. The establishing of allele‐specific recognition of R by the TCR would rule out the Standard model and clear the road to a consideration of a competing construct, the Tritope model. Here, the case for allele‐specific recognition (germline selected) is detailed making it obvious that the Standard model is untenable.  相似文献   

19.
There are an estimated over 200 million yearly cases of malaria worldwide. Despite concerted international effort to combat the disease, it still causes approximately half a million deaths every year, the majority of which are young children with Plasmodium falciparum infection in sub-Saharan Africa. Successes are largely attributed to malaria prevention strategies, such as insecticide-treated mosquito nets and indoor spraying, as well as improved access to existing treatments. One important hurdle to new approaches for the treatment and prevention of malaria is our limited understanding of the biology of Plasmodium infection and its complex interaction with the immune system of its human host. Therefore, the elimination of malaria in Africa not only relies on existing tools to reduce malaria burden, but also requires fundamental research to develop innovative approaches. Here, we summarize our discoveries from investigations of ethnic groups of West Africa who have different susceptibility to malaria.  相似文献   

20.
Zusammenfassung Die Lagerung des Körpers hat wesentlichen Einfluß auf die Balance der transkapillären Bewegung eiweißarmer Flüssigkeit, das heißt auf das Gesamt-Starling-Gleichgewicht im Kreislauf. Aufrichten aus der horizontalen Lage hat Hämokonzentration, Hinlegen Hämodilution zur Folge. Folglich beeinflußt Lageänderung das Blut- und Plasmavolumen und darüber hinaus Werte wie Eiweißkonzentration, Hämatokrit oder Hämoglobinkonzentration im Blut.In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird die Möglichkeit vorgestellt, mittels der Biegeschwingermethode durch Dichtemessungen an Kapillarblut und -plasma diese orthostatischen Einflüsse auf hämatologische Zustandsvariable zu quantifizieren und ihren zeitlichen Verlauf mit hoher Auflösung zu erfassen.Im Durchschnitt ergab sich infolge Aufrichten des Körpers (70°) aus der Horizontalen eine Verringerung des Plasmavolumens um 6,6% nach 10 und um 11,1% nach 30 min; Hinlegen bewirkte nach 10 min eine Erhöhung des Plasmavolumens um 6,5% und nach 30 min um 10,5%. Entsprechende Blutvolumenveränderungen zwischen 5 und 10% gingen auch aus den Blutdichteänderungen bei orthostatischen Reizen hervor.Eine wichtige praktische Konsequenz ist die Forderung nach Beachtung der Körperlage vor und während Blutabnahmen, vor allem bei Verlaufsmessungen hämatologischer Größen bei ein und demselben Patienten oder bei statistischen Vergleichen verschiedener Kollektive.Diese Arbeit wurde vom Fonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung unterstützt  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号