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1.
当归对急性肾小管坏死的防治作用及其机制   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
用甘油皮下注射复制兔急性肾小管坏死(ATN)模型,观察当归(RAS)对初发期ATN的防治效果,并初步探讨其作机理,结果表明,注射甘油后24h,ATN组动物出现典型急性肾衰性肾功能改变和肾小管坏死,ATN+RAS组与ATN组比较,动物死亡率,滤过钠排泄分数和尿总氨基酸含量下降,血清肌酐,尿素氮和丙二醛的上升幅度减弱,肾组织钙和丙二醛含量降低,而超氧化物岐化酶,谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶,ATP酶活性升高,肾  相似文献   

2.
参附液防治初发期急性肾小管坏死的实验研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
给Sprasue-Dawley雄性成年大鼠肌注甘油引起急性肾小管坏死,在初发期给不同实验组以不同处理。观察到:参附组的第48小时亚组动物存活率明显高于单纯禁水组(P<0.025),第3、12、24、48小时亚组SUN、Scr升高值与肾小管管型数,第24、48小时亚组肾小管坏死数,均明显低于单纯禁水组和生理盐水组(P<0.05-P<0.001),光镜电镜下肾脏病理形态改变亦明显轻于该二组。以上各指标,参附组却与纠正对照异搏停组相近。实验结果表明,参附液有防治初发期急性肾小管坏死的作用。  相似文献   

3.
应用生物学检测法,ELISA法和间接免疫荧光分析了24例急性白血病患者外周血IL-6,sIL-6R和TNF-α的含量及其与白血病细胞负荷的相关性。结果显示:(1)急性白血病患者外周血IL-6,sIL-6R及TNF-α水平明显升高,其中急性B淋巴性白血病的IL-6,sIL-6R急性T淋巴性白血病的TNF-升高尤为明显;(2)B-ALL的IL-6,TNF-α及T-ALL的TNF-α水平与白血病细胞负  相似文献   

4.
为了探讨血清肌红蛋白(myoglobin,Mb)在急性心肌梗塞(acute myocardial infarction,AMI)时升高的时间特点及不同部位心肌梗塞之间水平的差异,我们测定了40例AMI患者在3-6小时、12小时、24小时和48小时的Mb水平,同时测定了磷酸肌酸激酶-MB(CK-MB)及乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)。结果提示血清Mb在AMI患者发病3-6小时即明显升高(P〈0.01),阳性率  相似文献   

5.
将Wistar大鼠的腹腔巨噬细胞(Mφ)分别与Tamm-Horsfall蛋白(THP,A组)、去糖基THP(B组)或RPMI1640(C组)在体外共育4小时,而后更换接培养液继续孵育24小时。用生物学方法测定发现唯A组Mφ上清液含肿瘤坏死因子和IL-1样活性。将三组Mφ上清液分别注入各自大鼠右肾,6周后A组右肾全部发生了炎症和纤维化,伴有肾小管功能改变,而B、C组肾间质无明显异常。由此表明,THP  相似文献   

6.
皮质醇导致脓毒症大鼠TNF-α释放增加   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
目的:探讨皮质醇对脓毒症大鼠TNF-α、IL-6释放的影响及其临床意义。方法:SD大鼠58只,分为5组,A、C组于盲肠结扎穿孔CLP后每12h皮下注射氢化可的松(30mg/kg),B、D组于CLP后同时点注等量生理盐水,E组为对照组。A、B组于48h,C、D组于24h处死,测定血及腹水中TNF-α、IL-6含量和血中皮质醇水平。结果:A组死亡3例,余各组无死亡。A组血浆皮质醇和TNF含量均显著高于B、C、D、E组(P<005)。A、B、C、D组腹腔液中TNF-α含量显著高于E组(P<005)。所有大鼠腹腔液中TNF-α、IL-6含量均显著高于血浆(P<005)。结论:脓毒症时,应用皮质醇可使血浆TNF-α含量升高,且随作用时间延长TNF-α升高愈显著,并伴有动物死亡率增加。但对血浆及腹腔液中IL-6含量无显著影响。  相似文献   

7.
TNF-α在肠源性内毒素血症中的作用及丹参防治机制研究   总被引:26,自引:1,他引:25  
目的:研究肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)在肠源性内毒素血症中的作用及丹参防治肝损伤机制。方法:用硫代乙酰胺(TAA)诱发大鼠急性肝损伤,检测血浆内毒素、TNF-α及丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)水平变化,并与丹参治疗组进行比较。结果:TAA诱发急性肝损伤大鼠血浆内毒素及TNF-α含量升高,二者呈正相关;血浆ALT亦升高,与TNF-α亦呈正相关。丹参治疗组大鼠血浆TNF-α及ALT水平均低于肝损伤对照组  相似文献   

8.
性别和月龄对甘油引起的大鼠急性肾小管坏死肾受损程度的影响河北省医学科学院病理生理研究室(石家庄050021)石纪才,夏晓红,申玉学,杨桂芬,薛玉凤,刘文凯肌注甘油引起的急性肾小管坏死(ATN)动物模型为研究急性肾功能衰竭的发病机制和中西药实验防治所常...  相似文献   

9.
用超抗原葡萄球菌肠毒素B(SEB)、D-氨基半乳糖(D-GalN)混合腹腔注射Balb/c小鼠及预先注射环孢菌素(CSA)的小鼠,动态观察小鼠肝细胞变化和血清TNF,IFN-γ水平及及小鼠死亡率。结果发现SEB+D-GalN注射后2h、6h时出现肝细胞凋亡,12h后出现肝坏死,小鼠24小时死亡率达50%。小鼠血清TNF2h升到最高,IFN-γ在6-12h较高。而预注CSA的小鼠上述指标正常。推测S  相似文献   

10.
本文对20例急性心肌梗塞(AMI)患者检测了血浆内皮素-1(ET-1)和肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)的水平,结果表明,AMI组的ET-1、TNF均较正常对照明显升高(P〈0.001),且二者与肌酸磷酸激酶的MB同功酶(PCK-MB)均呈正相关(r=0.06984,P〈0.001;r=0.6053,P〈0.01)。研究结果说明ET-1和TNF参与了AMI的病理损伤过程。  相似文献   

11.
Glycerol was used to induce acute renal failure (ARF) in rats. It caused a decrease of kidney ATP levels to 48% of control at 6 hr which remained low up to 48 hr. ATP + ADP + AMP(AXP) was 55% of control at 6 and 24 hr and 64% at 48 hr. Lactate levels were fourfold control levels at 0.25, 1, and 6 hr, and twofold at 24 and 48 hr. Hemoglobinemia and hemoglobinuria occurred within 0.25 hr. By light microscopy, casts at 6 hr, necrosis of renal cortex at 24 hr, and necrosis with some regeneration at 48 hr were seen. Fructose at the same dose also lowered ATP and AXP levels to a similar degree as glycerol within the same time intervals, but hemoglobinemia, hemoglobinuria, necrosis, or ARF was not evident. Dihydroxycetone at the same dose maintained ATP and AXP at control values with no hemoglobinemia, hemoglobinuria, necrosis, or ARF. Both fructose and dihydroxyacetone resulted in high lactate levels (sevenfold) within 0.25 hr. Saline loading prior to glycerol infection ameliorated ARF but did not improve the AXP levels or the morphologic lesion. Results indicate that glycerol-induced ARF is not solely the result of a hyperosmolar effect, adenosine release, casts, or pigments. The changes in AXP (particularly ATP) levels reflect an early metabolic disturbance which is part of the process and may predispose toward ARF in the presence of additional factors.  相似文献   

12.
The latency for the onset of maternal behavior was measured in virgin rats which received either 100 μg/kg estradiol benzoate (EB) or Oil immediately following ovariectomy and hysterectomy. Different groups of EB and Oil-treated females were presented with 3–8 day old test pups at 0, 24, and 48 hr after their injections. Only the females given EB exhibited short-latency maternal behavior; latencies as short as 24 hr were observed in 46% of the animals which were presented with pups at 0 hr and within 48 hr, 92% of the group were maternal. The effects of EB on maternal responsiveness could be detected between 48 to 72 hr after injection: these effects were equal to those occurring over the first and second 24-hr periods.  相似文献   

13.
Late structural changes such as interstitial fibrosis in the renal cortex and tubular atrophy have been detected after severe acute tubular necrosis (ATN). The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of fibronectin, alpha-smooth muscle actin and macrophages during the evolution of the ATN induced by glycerol and their relationship with the late structural changes observed in the kidneys of these animals. Forty-nine male Wistar rats were injected with a 50% glycerol solution, 8 mL/kg (4 mL/kg applied i.m. to each hind leg) and 14 with 0.15 m NaCl solution. Before glycerol injection on day 1, water was removed for 17 h. Blood and urine samples were collected 1 day after the injection to quantify sodium and creatinine. The animals were killed 5, 30 and 60 days after the injections and the kidneys removed for histological and immunohistochemical studies. The results of the histological and immunohistochemical studies were scored according to the extent of lesion or staining in the cortical tubulointerstitium, respectively. The percentage of tubulointerstitial lesions was determined by morphometry. Glycerol-injected rats presented a transitory increase in plasma creatinine levels and in fractional sodium excretion. The immunohistochemical studies showed increased fibronectin, alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SM-actin), TGF-beta and ED-1 (macrophages) staining in the renal cortex from rats killed 5, 30 and 60 days after glycerol injection (P < 0.05) compared to control. The animals killed on day 30 and 60 also presented chronic lesions (fibrosis, tubular dilatation and atrophy) in the renal cortex, despite the recovery of renal function. Macrophages, TGF-beta and myofibroblasts may have contributed to the development of renal fibrosis in these rats.  相似文献   

14.
We investigated the combined effect of glutamine (GLN) and growth hormone (GH) on bacterial translocation (BT) in sepsis. After single intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (10 mg/kg), 48 rats were divided randomly into four groups of 12 animals each: the control group received chow orally; the GLN group received chow plus 10% GLN; GH group received chow plus GH; and the GLN/GH group received chow, 10% GLN, and GH. Twenty-four and 96 hr later, rats were sacrificed. Portal blood culture, bacterial colony counts of cultured mesenteric lymph nodes, mucosal thickness, malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione (GSH) levels in the gut mucosa were measured. There was no significant change of the rate of portal blood culture between all treatment groups at 24 and 96 hr. At 24 hr, the rats receiving combined treatment of GLN and GH showed lower bacterial colony counts and mucosal MDA levels than the control rats, and higher mucosal GSH levels than the control and GLN-treated rats. At 96 hr, rats treated with both GLN and GH exhibited lower bacterial colony counts and mucosal MDA levels, and higher mucosal thickness and GSH levels than control, GLN, or GH-treated rats. This study suggests that the combination of GLN and GH may synergistically reduce BT over time in sepsis.  相似文献   

15.
目的:探讨醒脑静(XNJ)注射液对大鼠全脑缺血再灌注后血脑屏障通透性及紧密连接蛋白1(ZO-1)表达的影响。方法:采用改良Pulsinelli四血管闭塞法建立大鼠全脑缺血再灌注模型。将雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为4组,即假手术组、全脑缺血再灌注模型组、溶剂对照组和XNJ组。每组均在缺血再灌注后24 h、48 h和72 h处理。用干湿重法测定脑组织中水含量,分光光度计法检测脑组织伊文思蓝(EB)含量,Western blot检测大脑皮层的ZO-1蛋白含量。结果:缺血再灌注后24 h,模型组、溶剂对照组和XNJ组的脑组织含水量均显著高于假手术组(P0.05),但在缺血再灌注后48 h和72 h,模型组和溶剂对照组脑组织含水量显著高于XNJ组和假手术组(P0.05)。缺血再灌注后24 h,模型组、溶剂对照组和XNJ组大鼠脑组织内EB含量均高于假手术组(P0.05),缺血再灌注后48 h和72 h,假手术组和XNJ组的EB含量显著低于模型组和溶剂对照组(P0.05)。缺血再灌注后24h,模型组、溶剂对照组和XNJ组大鼠脑皮层中的ZO-1蛋白表达水平显著低于假手术组(P0.05),同样缺血再灌注后48 h和72 h,假手术组和XNJ组皮层中ZO-1蛋白含量显著高于模型组和溶剂对照组(P0.05)。结论:在缺血再灌注后的48 h和72 h,醒脑静注射液对血脑屏障具有保护作用,可能与醒脑静注射液上调ZO-1蛋白的表达有关。  相似文献   

16.
The effect of glycerol on rats food intake was determined when it was administered either via bolus gastric intubation, or by a continuous 24 hr infusion into the aorta. Both of these treatments resulted in a suppression of the 24 hr food consumption to an extent which was greater than that accounted for by the caloric value of the administered metabolite. Gastric loading with urea solutions equiosmotic to glycerol or with glucose solutions equicaloric to glycerol were less effective than glycerol in reducing the 24 hr food intake. The time course effect on food intake varied between gastric loading with glycerol and with equicaloric glucose solutions, with the former usually exerting a more delayed and longer lasting effect. Continuous intraaortal infusions of glycerol were more effective than glucose solutions in suppressing 24 hr food intake even though the latter had twice the caloric value of the former. Our data suggest that the action of glycerol on food intake is not mediated through its conversion to glucose. The possibility that glycerol may participate in a lipostatic control mechanism of food intake is discussed.  相似文献   

17.
The role of free fatty acids (FFA) in the pathogenesis of fatty liver was investigated in female rats who received a single ip injection of d-galactosamine-HCl, (GalN), 750 mg/kg body weight. Groups of rats were either fasted for 14 hr prior to GalN injection and then fasted for the duration of the experiment or were fed ad libitum prior to and after GalN administration. Plasma FFA were determined in groups of fasting or fed rats sacrificed at intervals between 0 and 24 hr after GalN administration. The results revealed a progressive increase in plasma FFA in GalN-injected fasted rats (0 hr, 0.40 μmol/ml; 24 hr, 1.09 μmol/ml) whereas in fed animals only a modest increase in plasma FFA concentrations occurred. Hepatic triglyceride content was determined in groups of fasted and fed rats at 6 and 24 hr after GalN administration. Hepatic triglycerides, in fasted rats, were increased 7-fold at 6 hr (22.4 ± 8.5 mg/g) and were markedly increased at 24 hr (114.8 ± 18.4 mg/g). In contrast, feeding protected the rats from the development of fatty liver since hepatic triglycerides were only twice controls at 6 hr and 4-fold increased 24 hr after GalN. Ultrastructural studies were performed at 15, 24, and 48 hr after GalN in fed and fasted rats. Electron microscopy disclosed hepatocellular necrosis and profound fat accumulation in the fasted animals; however, feeding afforded marked protection against the development of fatty liver and hepatic injury. The results of these studies indicate that the GalN-induced fatty liver is associated with a sustained elevation of plasma FFA. The increase in plasma FFA can be prevented by feeding the animals prior to and after GalN administration suggesting that a stimulus for FFA elevation may be the alterations in carbohydrate metabolism known to be induced by GalN in rat liver.  相似文献   

18.
We compared in vivo radioprotective efficacy of 5-androstenediol (5-AED) to that of ten other steroids: 17α-androstenediol, dehydroepiandrosterone, 5-androstenetriol (AET), 4-androstenedione (AND), testosterone, estradiol, fluasterone, 16α-bromoepiandrosterone, 16α-fluoro-androst-5-en-17α-ol (α-fluorohydrin, AFH), and 16α-fluoro-androst-5-en-17β-ol (β-fluorohydrin). Steroids were administered 24 or 48 hr before, or 1 hr after, whole-body γ-irradiation. Two days after irradiation at 3 Gy, blood elements were counted. In addition, after irradiation at 9–12.5 Gy, survival was recorded for 30 days. The results showed radioprotective efficacy was specific for 5-AED. One other steroid, AFH, demonstrated appreciable survival effects but was less efficacious than 5-AED. AND and AET produced slight enhancement of survival in some experiments. This is the first demonstration that the prophylactic window for survival enhancement by 1 subcutaneous (sc) injection of 5-AED is as long as 48 hr in mice. Moreover, the results indicate that 1 sc injection of 5-AED 1 hr after irradiation is much less effective than 1 injection 24–48 hr before irradiation. Comparing the molecular features of steroids with radioprotective efficacy leads to the following conclusions: 1) these effects are due to interaction with specific receptors, since sc injection of extremely similar molecules with the same physicochemical properties as 5-AED were not radioprotective; 2) the17-hydroxyl group is essential; 3) this group must be in the β configuration in the absence of nearby side groups; 4) a halogen atom at 16 changes the 17-hydroxyl specificity to α; 5) the 3β-hydroxyl group is not essential; 6) addition of a 7β-hydroxyl group is deleterious; and 7) the effects are not due to activation of sex steroid receptors.  相似文献   

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