卵巢肿瘤的MRI诊断与鉴别诊断

目的分析和总结良恶性卵巢肿瘤的MRI表现,提出良恶性卵巢肿瘤的诊断和鉴别诊断价值.方法分析了39例经手术和病理证实的卵巢肿瘤的MRI资料,包括良性肿瘤22例,恶性肿瘤17例,并与病理结果对照.结果术前MRI诊断的39例卵巢肿瘤中单侧病灶25例,双侧病灶14例,卵巢病灶共53个.术前诊断卵巢良性肿瘤38个,恶性肿瘤15个.术后病理诊断良性肿瘤36个,恶性肿瘤17个.结论①MRI有良好的组织对比分辨率,对畸胎瘤、卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿、卵巢囊肿、囊腺瘤等病变可以作出定性诊断.②MRI能准确显示卵巢肿块的大小、形态和侵及范围,有助于定性诊断和区分肿瘤的良恶性.     

经阴道超声血流显像在卵巢肿瘤定性诊断中的应用研究

目的:探讨经阴道超声血流显像在卵巢肿瘤定性诊断及术前评估中的应用价值.方法:选择2017年12月至2020年6月我院收治的80例卵巢肿瘤女性患者,均于术前行腹部彩超、经阴道超声检查,术后行病理检查.以手术病理诊断结果为"金标准",评估两种超声显像对卵巢瘤的诊断价值,绘制工作特征曲线,采用曲线下面积分析超声血流显像的预测卵巢恶性肿瘤价值.结果:本组80例卵巢肿瘤患者,经手术病理证实30例为卵巢恶性肿瘤,50例为卵巢良性肿瘤;经阴道超声诊断卵巢肿瘤的灵敏度86.67％、特异度94.00％及准确度91.25％;腹部彩超诊断卵巢肿瘤的灵敏度76.67％、特异度82.00％及准确度80.00％;经阴道超声准确度高于腹部彩超,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);敏感度、特异度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);经阴道超声血流显像参数对比分析良恶性肿瘤表明,采用血流量,搏动指数、阻力指数联合指标预测卵巢恶性肿瘤有较好价值(P<0.05).结论:经阴道超声血流显像在卵巢癌早期诊断中较腹部彩超具有更高的诊断价值.     

彩色多普勒超声检查对卵巢肿瘤良、恶性病变的鉴别诊断价值研究

目的分析彩色多普勒超声检查对卵巢肿瘤良、恶性病变鉴别诊断价值。方法选取2016年8月至2019年7月期间收治的102例卵巢肿瘤患者作为研究对象,根据病理良、恶性肿瘤程度分为良性组和恶性组,其中良性组47例,恶性组55例。比较两组患者的彩色多普勒超声检查的血流动力学参数、血流分级,以病理诊断结果作为金标准,并分析彩色多普勒超声检查对卵巢良、恶性肿瘤诊断价值。结果良性肿瘤患者的RI、PI明显高于恶性肿瘤患者,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);良性组患者超声血流分级大多数为I级和Ⅱ级,恶性组超声血流分级较集中在Ⅲ、Ⅳ级,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);超声检查对卵巢良、恶性肿瘤的诊断准确率为87.25%(89/102)、灵敏度为89.09%(49/55)、特异度为85.11%(40/47)。结论彩色多普勒超声检查对显示卵巢肿瘤患者的血流动力学特征具有较高的准确率,且对鉴别卵巢肿瘤良、恶性性质的诊断具有较高的应用价值,值得临床推广。     

TSGF、CA125、SF、CEA联检对卵巢癌诊断价值的探讨

我们对卵巢癌患者血清进行恶性肿瘤特异性生长因子(TSGF)、糖类抗原(CA125)、铁蛋白(SF)、癌胚抗原(CEA)四种肿瘤标志物联检,旨在探讨它们对卵巢癌的诊断价值. 资料和方法 一、对象:恶性肿瘤组48例,均为我院妇科收治的术前诊断为卵巢肿瘤的住院病人,术后由病理确诊为卵巢恶性肿瘤.妇科良性肿瘤组51例(包括卵巢良性肿瘤41例,子宫肌瘤16例).另外以39例女性献血员作为对照组. 二、方法:TSGF试剂盒由福建新大陆生物技术有限公司提供,采用生化比色法定量检测.CAi25、SF、CEA试剂盒由北京东雅生物技术研究所提供,采用放射免疫分析(RIA).     

MRI在腮腺上皮性良性肿瘤定性诊断价值及其病理基础

目的探讨MRI在腮腺上皮性良性肿瘤定性诊断中的作用.方法收集腮腺上皮性良性肿瘤72例80个病灶的MRI资料,其中70例经手术病理证实,2例活检证实.77个手术切除病灶行病理逐层切片检查并与MRI影像进行对照分析.MRI平扫采用T1WI、T2WI,其中61例共67个病灶同时行平扫和增强扫描.结果超过一半的腺淋巴瘤瘤灶(26个)T2WI表现为低、等信号,所有经过增强的42个腺淋巴瘤均轻度增强;31例混合瘤T2WI表现为高而不均匀信号,经过增强的24例混合瘤均中等或显著强化.结论常见腮腺上皮性良性肿瘤在MRI表现上各有特点,对大多数病例进行定性诊断是可能的.     

原发性心脏肿瘤术前超声心动图诊断与术后病理诊断的一致性

目的探讨原发性心脏肿瘤术前超声心动图诊断与术后病理诊断的一致性。方法收集2017年1月～2021年2月中国科学技术大学附属第一医院诊断并行心脏原发性肿瘤切除的128例患者的临床病理资料,以术后病理诊断结果为标准,将术前超声心动图诊断结果与之对照分析。结果术前超声心动图诊断:心脏恶性肿瘤2例,良性肿瘤126例。良性肿瘤中黏液瘤103例、脂肪瘤1例,另有22例未能明确肿瘤类型。术后病理诊断:恶性肿瘤(均为肉瘤)3例,良性肿瘤125例。良性肿瘤中黏液瘤119例、脂肪瘤5例、血管瘤1例。良性肿瘤术前超声心动图诊断与术后病理诊断的吻合率为99.2%,误诊率为0.8%,术前超声心动图良性肿瘤检出敏感度为100%。其中黏液瘤的术前超声心动图诊断和术后病理诊断吻合率为100%,检出敏感度为86.55%;脂肪瘤吻合率为100%,检出敏感度为20%;血管瘤的心脏超声未检出,敏感度为0;恶性心脏肿瘤吻合率为100%,检出敏感度为66.67%。术前心脏超声心动图诊断肿瘤良、恶性与术后病理诊断的Kappa值为0.796。结论超声心动图诊断心脏原发性肿瘤的良、恶性与病理诊断具有极好的一致性,尤其对黏液瘤的检出敏感度高,而对于其他类型的临床相对少见肿瘤,检出敏感度较低。     

MRI在腮腺上皮性良性肿瘤定性诊断价值及其病理基础

目的　探讨MRI在腮腺上皮性良性肿瘤定性诊断中的作用 .方法　收集腮腺上皮性良性肿瘤 72例 80个病灶的MRI资料 ,其中 70例经手术病理证实 ,2例活检证实 .77个手术切除病灶行病理逐层切片检查并与MRI影像进行对照分析 .MRI平扫采用T1WI、T2WI,其中 6 1例共 6 7个病灶同时行平扫和增强扫描 .结果　超过一半的腺淋巴瘤瘤灶 (2 6个 )T2WI表现为低、等信号 ,所有经过增强的 4 2个腺淋巴瘤均轻度增强 ;31例混合瘤T2WI表现为高而不均匀信号 ,经过增强的 2 4例混合瘤均中等或显著强化 .结论　常见腮腺上皮性良性肿瘤在MRI表现上各有特点 ,对大多数病例进行定性诊断是可能的     

SF RIA用于卵巢良恶性肿瘤鉴别诊断的临床意义

本文采用了放射免疫分析法分别检测了卵巢良性、恶性肿瘤患者SF,并进行了分组比较,以探讨SF在卵巢肿瘤鉴别诊断上的临床意义。 资料和方法 一、对象:卵巢良性肿瘤与恶性肿瘤各30例,均行手术切除,经病理检查证实。良性肿瘤患者年龄为28～44岁,平均35.7岁;恶性肿瘤患者年龄为47     

核磁共振成像合并扩散加权成像在老年卵巢肿瘤中的诊断价值

目的:研究核磁共振成像(MRI)和扩散加权成像(DWI)对老年卵巢肿瘤的诊断价值并讨论其临床意义。方法:回顾性分析2013年1月～2017年12月治疗的卵巢肿瘤患者130例,年龄60～78岁,手术前进行MRI及DWI扫描和CT检查。对卵巢肿瘤影像学表现和肿瘤表观弥散系数(ADC)值进行分析。以手术后组织病理学结果作为金标准,比较MRI及DWI与CT检查对卵巢肿瘤的诊断价值。结果:以组织病理学结果作为诊断依据,MRI诊断卵巢肿瘤良恶性的敏感性、特异性和准确性均明显高于CT检查(P0.05),恶性卵巢肿瘤的ADC值(×10~(-3)mm~2/s)明显高于良性肿瘤(0.92±0.32 vs 1.52±0.31, P0.05)。对卵巢肿瘤分期诊断的准确率,MRI及DWI也明显高于CT检查(89.2%vs 80.0%, P0.05)。结论:MRI及DWI对卵巢肿瘤良恶性、分期诊断的准确性明显高于CT检查,提示MRI及DWI对诊断老年卵巢肿瘤具有重要的临床意义。     

TSGF、GA125、SF、CEA联检对卵巢癌诊断价值的探讨

我们对卵巢癌患者血清进行恶性肿瘤特异性生长因子(TSGF)、糖类抗原(CA125)、铁蛋白(SF)、癌胚抗原(CEA)四种肿瘤标志物联检,旨在探讨它们对卵巢癌的诊断价值. 资料和方法 一、对象:恶性肿瘤组48例,均为我院妇科收治的术前诊断为卵巢肿瘤的住院病人,术后由病理确诊为卵巢恶性肿瘤.妇科良性肿瘤组51例(包括卵巢良性肿瘤41例,子宫肌瘤16例).另外以39例女性献血员作为对照组. 二、方法:TSGF试剂盒由福建新大陆生物技术有限公司提供,采用生化比色法定量检测.CAi25、SF、CEA试剂盒由北京东雅生物技术研究所提供,采用放射免疫分析(RIA).     

The universal muscular chain reaction,muscle spasm,Torsions, ruptures and extravasations. Chameleons of pathology and some manifestations of simple muscular disorders

Most bodily functions require the coordinated actions of complementary and supplementary paired muscle groups. Where this essential muscular cooperation is lacking, hollow organs may burst and others become literally screwed up, giving rise to many similar spastic diseases such as Torticollis, Twisted ovarian cyst, Torsion of the Testis, Volvulus of the intestines, Varicose Veins, Megacolon, Aortamegaly, Scoliosis, Erb's Palsy, Peyronie's Disease, Main-en-Griffe, Undescended Foot (Pes Cavus), Talipes, Strabismus. Spasm is “panenepidemic” and unclassified examples of Torsion Dystonia and Dyskinesia really are as common as debt and taxes.     

Studien zur humoralen Regulation des erythropoetischen Proliferationsspeichers beim Menschen

Zusammenfassung Die Beeinflussung der Erythroblasten-Proliferation durch das Mikromilieu wurde in vitro mittels Auswertung durch Differential- und Mitosezählungen und Signifikanzberechnung vieler Versuchsreihen auch unter verschiedenen pathologischen Bedingungen getestet.Sowohl die Mitosehäufigkeit wie die Ausreifung waren positiv mit dem Erythropoetingehalt des Medium korreliert. Der Effekt wurde durch Folsäure, Ätiocholanolon und cAMP verstärkt. Cobalt stimulierte ebenso wie Testosteron und Methenolon in vitro unabhängig von der Erythropoetinkonzentration im Medium die Erythroblastenproliferation. Ein vermindertes Eisenangebot störte die endgültige Ausreifung der Erythroblasten zu Retikulozyten und bewirkte dadurch eine Ineffektivität der Erythorpoese. Anhaltspunkte für ein Erythrozyten-Chalon oder einen Erythropoetinhemmkörper ließen sich aus unserem Versuchsansatz nicht gewinnen, weil er die Transformation der pluripotenten in die erythropoetin-sensible Stammzelle nicht einschließt. Als Nebenbefund ergab sich eine Stimulation des granulozytopoetischen Proliferationsspeichers durch Serumzusatz zum Medium von Patienten nach akutem Blutverlust und bei Polycythämia vera.Unterstützt durch die Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft     

HLA study in Amerindian Bolivia La Paz Aymaras

Aymara people has been a relatively homogeneous group since Spanish Conquest by 1,532 CE, even if previously represented a group of various cultural defined populations who gave rise to them. They were and are established in Andean Altiplano around Titikaka Lake (Bolivia, Peru), Argentina and Chile neighborhood, speak Aymara language and have been maintained after Europeans arrival at a lower social status than Quechua (Inca) speaking people. However, both Aymara and Quechua populations acknowledge Titikaka Lake as center of their origins; both languages are also related. Specific high frequencies of HLA-A*02, -A*24 and -A*68, HLA-B*35, -B*39 and -B*48, HLA-DRB1*08:02, -DRB1*09:01, and -DRB1*14:02, and HLA-DQB1*04:02, -DQB1*03:02 and -DQB1*03:01 alleles are found in Aymaras and HLA class II haplotypes common to Andean Amerindians (DRB1*08:02-DQB1*04:02 and DRB1*04:03-DQB1*03:02), like Quechua, Aymara, Uros, Lamas and Mapuche are also found in Easter and other Pacific Islands. Giant human head stone statues at Tiwanaku (Titikaka Lake, Bolivia) are also found at Easter Island. Thus, it is possible a gene and cultural flow between Andean Amerindians and Easter and other Pacific Islands, as it was demonstrated by Thor Heyerdahl in his Kon-Tiki expedition which reached Pacific Islands sailing from El Callao Harbour (Lima, Peru).     

Hypo- und Hypermagnesämie aus kardiologischer Sicht

Zusammenfassung Eine Reihe pathologischer Zustände bedingen Magnesiummangel. Zustände mit Hypermagnesämie sind ebenfalls bekannt, doch wesentlich seltener. Für den Kardiologen beachtenswert ist, daß unter Therapie mit bestimmten Diuretica bei Herzinsuffizienz, bei Herzinfarkt, Kardiomyopathie, Digitalisintoxikation und bestimmten Herzrhythmusstörungen Hypomagnesämie beobachtet wurde. Leider kann in der klinischen Routine nur ein extracelluläres Magnesiumdefizit durch Serumbestimmungen gemessen werden; über Magnesiummangel einzelner Organe kann nichts ausgesagt werden. Hinweise für Magnesiummangel geben aber neben der Messung des Serumspiegels Anamnese, klinischer Befund, bestimmte EKG-Veränderungen wie auch evtl. Hypokalämie, ein Zustand, bei dem sich oft — besonders bei Aldosteronismus — parallele Veränderungen zeigten.Tierexperimente deuten darauf hin, daß infarktähnliche Läsionen unter Magnesiummangel entstehen, doch ob Herzinfarkt beim Menschen durch Magnesiummangel ausgelöst werden kann, ist noch ungeklärt. In Leichenherzen zeigte sich im Infarktgebiet neben Calciumakkumulation signifikanter Magnesiumverlust, wobei unklar blieb, ob sich Ursache oder Folge des Infarktes widerspiegelten. Falls ein ursächlicher Zusammenhang besteht, ist er im Myokardstoffwechsel selbst zu suchen, wie bei der Alkoholkardiomyopathie, wo myokardialer Magnesiummangel zumindest als pathogenetischer Teilfaktor anerkannt wird. Andererseits versucht man aber auch Beziehungen zwischen Atherosklerose, Blutgerinnung und Hypomagnesämie herzustellen, in der Meinung, daß Magnesiummangel auch über den coronaren Pathomechanismus des Herzinfarktes wirken könnte. Sicher scheint, daß gewisse EKG-Veränderungen und Herzrhythmusstörungen durch einen irritierten Magnesiumhaushalt bedingt sein können, da sie bei Gabe bzw. Entzug von Magnesium verschwinden. Daß Magnesiummangel die Glykosidtoleranz verringert, wird tierexperimentell bestätigt. Unter Hypomagnesämie bewirkt Acetylstrophanthidin eher und länger Rhythmusstörungen als ohne, außerdem lassen diese sich durch Magnesiumgaben eliminieren. Da in gewissen Fällen spontane und digitalisinduzierte Herzrythmusstörungen durch Magnesiuminjektionen beseitigt wurden, scheint Magnesium als Therapeuticum angebracht. Einsatz verschiedener Magnesiumsalze bei Angina pectoris, degenerativen Herzerkrankungen und Herzinsuffizienz ohne geprüften und offensichtlich gestörten Magnesiumhaushalt ist fragwürdig, weil keine eindeutigen klinischen Erfolgsbeweise vorliegen. Immerhin mag es aber larvierte, durch Serumbestimmungen nicht erfaßbare Mangelzustände geben. Allgemein erscheint es aus kardiologischer Sicht ratsam, den Magnesiumhaushalt zu überwachen und in entsprechenden Fällen auszugleichen, um möglichen Myokardläsionen oder fatalen Herzrhythmusstörungen entgegenzuwirken.     

Lipid composition of metacestodes of Taenia taeniaeformis and lipid changes during growth

A lipid analysis was performed on developing metacestodes of Taenia taeniaeformis removed from the livers of rats at times varying from 3 to 35 weeks post infection. Lipid accounted for 7–21% of the dry weight of the parasites. The highest proportions were found at the earlier stages. The distribution was as follows; neutral lipid 27–45%; glycolipid 5–11%; and phospholipid 50–61%. The major neutral lipid was cholesterol, and minor neutral lipids were sterol esters, triglycerides, diglycerides and monoglycerides. Hydrocarbons were present throughout development, but in the highest amounts at the earlier stages. Five different glycolipids were found, all of which were identified as glycosphingolipids. An increase in the proportion of more complex glycolipids was noted as parasites grew older. Ten different phospholipids were identified, with the major components being phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, and phosphatidylserine. Other phospholipids were: lysophosphatides, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidic acid, diphosphatidylglycerol, sphingomyelin, and an unknown phospholipid component. Changes in the relative amounts of the two major phospholipids were found when the early and late stages were compared. Two lipids found throughout development were identified as glycosylated dolichol phosphates, and they comprised between 1 and 3% of the total phospholipid fraction. Nineteen fatty acids were detected, and the fatty acid distribution for each lipid class at each stage was determined. Seven major fatty acids were common to each. These were: hexadecanoic, octadecanoic, oleic, linoleic, arachidonic, docosanoic, and docosahexaenoic.     

Environmental risk factors and their role in the management of atopic dermatitis

Introduction: The etiology of atopic dermatitis (AD) is multifactorial with interaction between genetics, immune and environmental factors.

Areas covered: We review the role of prenatal exposures, irritants and pruritogens, pathogens, climate factors, including temperature, humidity, ultraviolet radiation, outdoor and indoor air pollutants, tobacco smoke exposure, water hardness, urban vs. rural living, diet, breastfeeding, probiotics and prebiotics on AD.

Expert commentary: The increased global prevalence of AD cannot be attributed to genetics alone, suggesting that evolving environmental exposures may trigger and/or flare disease in predisposed individuals. There is a complex interplay between different environmental factors, including individual use of personal care products and exposure to climate, pollution, food and other exogenous factors. Understanding these complex risk factors is crucial to developing targeted interventions to prevent the disease in millions. Moreover, patients require counseling on optimal regimens for minimization of exposure to irritants and pruritogens and other harmful exposures.     

Simple Serological Assays for Detecting Rice Tungro Viruses

An attempt was made to produce sensitive and specific polyclonal antisera against the viruses causing rice tungro disease, and to assess their potential for use in simple diagnostic tests. Using a multiple, sequential injection procedure, seven batches of polyclonal antisera against rice tungro bacilliform virus (RTBV) and rice tungro spherical virus (RTSV) were produced. These were characterized for their sensitivity and specificity using ring-interface precipitin test and double antibody sandwich (DAS) ELISA. Thirty-one weeks after the first immunization, antiserum batch B6b for RTBV showed the highest ring interface titer (DEP = 1:1920). For RTSV, batches S3, S4b and S5b all had similar titres (DEP = 1:640). In DAS-ELISA, however, significant differences among purified antisera (IgG) batches were observed only at IgG dilution of 10^-3. At that dilution, IgGB4b showed the greatest sensitivity, while IgGS3 showed greatest sensitivity for RTSV. When all IgG batches were tested against 11 tungro field isolates (dual RTBV-RTSV infections) at sample dilution of 1:10, IgGB4b and IgGB6b for RTBV and IgGS3 and IgGS6b for RTSV performed equally well. However, after cross adsorption with healthy plant extracts in a specially prepared healthy plant-Sepharose affinity column, only IgGB6b could be used specifically to detect RTBV in a simple tissue-print assay.     

Is it worthy to take full-course immunotherapy for allergic rhinitis? About efficacy biomarker of allergen immunotherapy

Nowadays, people pay more attention to biomarkers that can predict clinical efficacy of immunotherapy for allergic rhinitis. As the only recognized aetiological treatment, the efficacy of allergen immunotherapy (AIT) has been proved by many studies. However, treatment success depends on compliance and persistence greatly, which can be impaired by the lengthy duration of AIT and socioeconomic status of patients. Besides, ineffectiveness is another factor that accounts for non-adherence. If the clinical efficacy can be predicted in the early stage of immunotherapy, it can help patients choose appropriate treatment plans, increase patient compliance and optimize the allocation of medical resources. This paper mainly focuses on five candidate biomarkers, the sIgE/tIgE ratio before treatment, serum inhibitory activity for IgE, decreased basophil activation, upregulation of Tregs and tolerogenic DCs, reviews the time when potential biomarkers can predict or monitor the efficacy of AIT, discusses the reason why these indicators could serve as efficacy biomarkers and interactions among potential biomarkers.     

Neurotransmitter signaling pathways required for normal development in Xenopus laevis embryos: a pharmacological survey screen

Neurotransmitters are not only involved in brain function but are also important signaling molecules for many diverse cell types. Neurotransmitters are widely conserved, from evolutionarily ancient organisms lacking nervous systems through man. Here, results are reported from a loss‐ and gain‐of‐function survey, using pharmacological modulators of several neurotransmitter pathways to examine possible roles for these pathways in normal embryogenesis. Applying reagents targeting the glutamatergic, adrenergic and dopaminergic pathways to embryos of Xenopus laevis from gastrulation to organogenesis stages, we observed and quantified numerous malformations, including craniofacial defects, hyperpigmentation, muscle mispatterning and miscoiling of the gut. These data implicate several key neurotransmitters in new embryonic patterning roles, reveal novel earlier stages for processes involved in eye development, suggest new targets for subsequent molecular‐genetic investigation, and highlight the necessity for in‐depth toxicology studies of psychoactive compounds to which human embryos might be exposed during pregnancy.     

HLA genes in Amerindians from Mexico San Vicente Tancuayalab Teenek/Huastecos

Huastecos or Teenek Amerindians are presently living at North East Mexico (San Luis Potosi State). They have probably one of the most ancient culture of Mexico and Central America together with Mayas and Olmec groups with which also show close relationships. Proximity to Atlantic Ocean/Mexican Gulf originated that Spaniards had very early contact with them at about 1519 CE or before. In the present paper we have aimed to study HLA gene profile which may be useful for HLA and disease epidemiology and transplant programs in Teeneks. HLA-DRB1*04:07, -DRB1*14:06 and -DRB1*04:11 have been found in high frequency like in other Amerindian groups. High frequency typical Amerindians HLA extended haplotypes have been found, such as A*02-B*35-DRB1*04:07-DQB1*03:02; A*68-B*39-DRB1*04:07-DQB1*03:02 and A*02-B*39-DRB1*04:07-DQB1*03:02; also new haplotypes have been described, like A*02-B*52-DRB1*04:11-DQB1*03:02, A*68-B*35-DRB1*14:02-DQB1*03:01 and A*68-B*40-DRB1*16:02-DQB1*03:01. Genetic proximity is observed not only to linguistically close Mayans, but also to Mazatecans, Mixtecans and Zapotecans, who speak an altogether different languages; it shows once more that genes and languages do not correlate. This population was greatly diminished after European contact between 1500 and 1600 years CE; in fact, North and South America First Inhabitants population was brought from 80 down to 8 million people because of diseases (i.e.: measles, smallpox or influenza), slavery and war.