血清肿瘤标志物和乳腺钼靶在乳腺癌诊断中的应用价值

目的 探讨乳腺钼靶和血清肿瘤标志物在乳腺癌诊断中的应用价值.方法 回顾性分析2013年1月至2014年10月在我院明确诊断的104例乳腺癌患者的临床资料,按照乳腺肿块大小分别统计乳腺钼靶和血清肿瘤标志物CEA、CA153和CA125检测结果,对两种检查方法阳性符合率进行比较,探讨其在乳腺癌诊断中的意义.结果 乳腺肿瘤直径＜2cm组、2～ 5cm组、＞5cm组,钼靶结果阳性率分别为76.7％,87.5％,94.4％;肿瘤标志物联合诊断阳性率分别为33.3％,62.2％,100％.结论 在乳腺癌诊断中,钼靶诊断是乳腺癌诊断的重要方法,其诊断阳性率明显高于血清肿瘤标志物诊断;血清肿瘤标志物在晚期肿瘤中阳性率明显高于早期肿瘤,其在癌症复发监测、肿瘤疗效评价中的有较高价值.     

肿瘤标志物检测技术研究进展

肿瘤标志物的联合检测为肿瘤的筛查和早期诊断带来了新的发展机遇.寻找具有较高灵敏度和特异性的肿瘤标志物一直是肿瘤研究领域的热点之一.随着分子生物学、免疫学诊断技术的飞速发展,通过多种检测技术的联合应用,互相补充,以实现对肿瘤的早期诊断和治疗.     

血清CEA和CA15-3的测定在乳腺肿瘤诊断中的临床应用

肿瘤标志物CEA、CA15-3早已用于临床, 本文旨在探讨这两种肿瘤标志物在乳腺肿瘤诊断中的价值.     

血清CEA和CA15-3的测定在乳腺肿瘤诊断中的临床应用

肿瘤标志物CEA、CA15-3早已用于临床, 本文旨在探讨这两种肿瘤标志物在乳腺肿瘤诊断中的价值.     

促泌素在神经内分泌肿瘤中的表达及意义

借助免疫组织化学标志对神经内分泌肿瘤的诊断非常重要,但现有的标志物并不能满足诊断和鉴别诊断的需要.促泌素(secretagoin)作为神经内分泌标志物已受到重视.促泌素首先由Wagner等[1-2]克隆,并认为是一种胰岛特异性神经内分泌标志物.我们通过对比研究,探讨促泌素在神经内分泌肿瘤临床病理诊断中的应用价值.     

大肠癌肿瘤标志物联合多层螺旋CT检查在大肠癌诊断中的意义

目的 探讨大肠癌患者血清肿瘤标志物(CEA、CA19-9、CA242、CA50、CA72-4)的含量变化,联合多层螺旋CT(MSCT)检查,评价两者联合检测对大肠癌诊断的意义.方法 回顾性研究唐山市人民医院2012年7月至2014年5月间80例健康体检者、78例肠道良性病变患者(结肠炎30例,结、直肠息肉48例)、96例大肠癌患者(直肠癌50例,结肠癌46例)的肿瘤标志物含量及影像学变化,应用SPSS17.0软件进行统计分析.结果 大肠癌患者肿瘤标志物水平明显高于健康对照组及大肠良性病变组.肿瘤标志物联合诊断大肠癌的阳性率达93.75％,特异性为91.25％,优于单项肿瘤标志物检测;多层螺旋CT对大肠癌诊断的阳性率为91.67％,特异性为98.75％;大肠癌肿瘤标志物联合多层螺旋CT诊断大肠癌的阳性率可达100％,特异性91.25％,与健康对照组及大肠良性病变组比较,差异均具统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 大肠癌肿瘤标志物、多层螺旋CT对大肠癌诊断各有优点及不足,两者联合检测有助于大肠癌的诊断及鉴别诊断.     

胆系良性疾病患者血清CA19-9阳性值分析及对CA19-9特异性评价

肿瘤标志物的敏感性和特异性是评价肿瘤标记物的两个重要指标.CA19-9作为肿瘤标志物已广泛应用于肿瘤,特别是胰腺癌的诊断、疗效检测及复发和预后的预测上.     

化学发光免疫分析在肿瘤标志物检测中应用进展

随着人们生活方式和生活习惯的改变,越来越多的患者开始肿瘤.肿瘤是严重威胁人类健康的疾病,由于病死率高而一直被人们所畏惧.一旦患者出现肿瘤要及时的进行医治,否则会影响人们的生命安全.随着研究的不断深入,对于肿瘤的诊断和治疗都进入了一个新的阶段,肿瘤标志物的出现为肿瘤诊断提供了一个新的契机.肿瘤标志物检测结果的准确性和稳定性直接关系到患者病情的确定,如果标志物错误很可能会造成给患者心理造成巨大的压力.化学发光免疫分析是由免疫测定和化学发光相互结合而形成的一种高效的检测方式,在临床肿瘤诊断中被普遍的应用.     

联合检测血清AFP、CEA、CA19-9和CA72-4对消化道恶性肿瘤的筛查价值

肿瘤标志物对肿瘤的辅助诊断价值已受到临床的广泛重视,但是肿瘤标志物用于人群肿瘤筛查却遇到了灵敏度不高、特异性不强、漏诊等问题[1-2].联合检测有利于提高检测灵敏度.本文应用AFP、CEA、CA19-9和CA72-4四项肿瘤标志物联合检测消化道恶性肿瘤患者、消化道良性疾病患者和健康对照组血清肿瘤标志物水平,分析及评价四项肿瘤标志物联合检测对消化道恶性肿瘤的筛查价值.     

多肿瘤标志物蛋白芯片与化学发光检测临床应用的对比分析

目的:探讨多肿瘤标志物蛋白芯片与化学发光检测对肿瘤诊断的临床应用价值.方法:应用多肿瘤标志物蛋白芯片与化学发光技术,对180名健康体检者和已患肿瘤的210例病人进行12种肿瘤标志物联合检测,并对检测结果进行对比分析.结果:多肿瘤标志物蛋白芯片与化学发光检测两种方法在对健康体检组阳性率和特异性经统计学分析没有显著性差异(P＞0.05);对已患肿瘤的210例12种肿瘤标志物检测两种方法的检测结果为AFP 、 PSA、f-PSA、CA199、CA153、NSE有显著性差异(P＜0.05),CA242、β-HCG 、HGH、CA125、Fer、CEA没有显著性差异(P＞0.05).结论:多肿瘤标志物蛋白芯片与化学发光检测在对提高肿瘤诊断的阳性率和特异性方面具有一定的相关性,但多肿瘤标志物蛋白芯片在健康体检中的应用价值优于化学发光检测,而对确诊的肿瘤患者,化学发光检测优于多肿瘤标志物蛋白芯片检测.     

Level of functioning of siblings and parents of probands of varying degrees of retardation

A further analysis of already published data supports the position that retardates of low ability level less frequently have retarded siblings, retarded parents, and parents low in occupational level than do retardates higher in ability level. The analysis supports the position that there are two types of retarded individuals, persons retarded as a result of gene or chromosomal anomalies, brain injury, etc., who more frequently occur in the lower-level retardate group, and persons whose retardation represents polygenic segregation, who more frequently occur in the higher-level group.     

Modes of Inheritance of Errors of Refraction

Eighteen families in which both parents had refractions within the range of +4·0 D to −4·0 D and axial lengths seen in emmetropia (22·3-26·0 mm) showed coefficients of correlation of the order 0·5 indicative of polygenic inheritance. Such coefficients were seen for axial length (0·407) and for the cornea (0·487), but not for the lens (which is known to be yoked to the axial length). No such coefficients were seen in 19 families in which one of the parents had axial length outside the emmetropic range (nine families with long axes and 10 with short axes).

The pattern of polygenic inheritance for emmetropia (completely correlated optical components) and errors of refraction up to 4·0 D (inadequately correlated components: correlation ametropia) follows that seen in stature and other measurable characters. In contrast the high refractive errors with their abnormal axial lengths (component ametropia) are—like the extremes in stature—pathological anomalies with monofactorial inheritance.

     

Recovery of responsiveness of cells of lateral geniculate nucleus of rat

1. Recovery of responsiveness of single cells in lateral geniculate nucleus of rat has been determined in both P and I cells. There are three types of recovery curve among P cells; (a) early recovery, (b) early partial recovery followed by depression and then complete recovery, (c) prolonged depression followed by cyclic recovery. Type (c) is by far the commonest recovery curve. In contrast to the spike in a P cell, the synaptic potential recovers to its full amplitude in about 20 msec. All I cells exhibit similar rapid recovery curves after a prolonged depression.2. Conditioning stimuli applied to visual cortex also produce a prolonged depression in most P cells but I cells can be re-excited at short intervals from cortex. Decortication does not prevent the prolonged depression of the multineuronal response produced by optic nerve stimulation.3. A neuronal model is proposed to explain these observations. It is supposed that I cells (interneurones) are innervated by axon collaterals of the P cells (principal cells, projecting to visual cortex) and that the I cells exert an inhibitory influence on the P cells.     

Analysis of two types of dopaminergic responses of neurons of the spinal ganglia of rats

It was established, in experiments on isolated spinal ganglia of adult rats in concluons of intracellular recording, that dopamine (1 M/liter) elicits depolarized responses in 61% of neurons, hyperpolarized in 20% of neurons, and depolarized-hyperpolarized in 19% of neurons. The depolarized responses are associated with the activation of D₁ dopamine receptors, and are governed by the shift of cAMP-dependent cation (sodium) channels to the conducting state. The hyperpolarized responses are triggered by the activation of D₂ dopamine receptors, which by means of HTP-binding protein convert the potassium channels to the conducting state. The change in the polarization of neurons with the action of dopamine influences their electrical excitability variously.Translated from Fiziologicheskii Zhurnal SSSR imeni I. M. Sechenova, Vol. 76, No. 6, pp. 739–745, June, 1990.     

局部注射辛伐他汀对骨质疏松大鼠股骨髁骨小梁的改建效应

背景：局部注射具有成骨作用的辛伐他汀,可显著增加骨质疏松大鼠股骨颈及股骨髁部的骨密度及力学强度,分析局部注射辛伐他汀对股骨髁骨小梁的影响。 目的：进一步研究骨质疏松大鼠股骨内局部注射辛伐他汀对股骨髁骨小梁的影响。为将辛伐他汀应用于临床骨质疏松局部治疗提供实验基础。 方法：18只雌性SD大鼠双侧卵巢切除后3个月,制备大鼠骨质疏松模型。实验大鼠随机数字表法均分为3组,分别在实验大鼠的右侧股骨髓腔内单次注射辛伐他汀溶液5 mg、10 mg,对照组单纯注射空白载体。分别在注射后1个月处死大鼠并取材。Micro-CT扫描并定量分析骨组织形态变化。 结果与结论：给药后1个月,Micro-CT扫描结果显示,辛伐他汀治疗组的骨微结构参数如骨皮质厚度、骨小梁密度及连接率明显优于对照组。说明疏松骨骼单次注射小剂量辛伐他汀可显著促进股骨髁部骨小梁改建,改善骨骼微结构,可为强化局部、防治骨质疏松骨折的新选择进一步提供实验基础。