类风湿性关节炎RF阳性与阴性患者外周血CD4+细胞基因表达的差异

目的:研究RF因子阳性及阴性RA患者之间是否存在基因组学的差异,探询差异存在的基因表达基础.方法:应用基因表达谱方法来检测上述两型患者CD4 淋巴细胞基因表达情况.结果:RF因子阳性与阴性患者之间有55条基因表达差异有统计学意义.结论:RF因子阳性与阴性RA患者之间存在差异表达基因,这些差异基因多与免疫应答相关.     

慢性乙型病毒性肝炎患者外周血T淋巴细胞CD27和CD45RA表达的研究

目的分析慢性乙型病毒性肝炎患者外周血T淋巴细胞CD27和CD45RA的表达。方法采集分离健康人和慢性乙型病毒性肝炎患者外周血单个核细胞(PBMC),利用多种荧光标记抗体标记细胞表面分子,再用流式细胞仪检测CD8+T淋巴细胞表面CD27和CD45RA表达情况。结果31例慢性乙型病毒性肝炎患者CD8+CD45RA+CD27+T细胞占CD8+T细胞(29.03±13.18)%,低于28例健康对照组的(60.85±14.36)%,P<0.01。而CD8+CD45RA-CD27+T细胞占CD8+T细胞(30.31±24.11)%,显著高于健康对照组的(10.32±5.24)%,P<0.05。慢性乙型病毒性肝炎患者CD4+CD45RA+CD27+T细胞21.12±9.64%低于健康对照组的(60.89±17.93)%,P<0.01,而CD4+CD45RA-CD27+T细胞(54.28±18.75)%显著高于健康对照组的(27.16±9.24)%,P<0.01。结论健康人外周血CD8+和CD4+T淋巴细胞均以CD45RA+CD27+初始细胞表型为主,而慢性乙型病毒性肝炎患者外周血初始细胞减少,CD45RA-CD27+表型的T淋巴细胞明显增加。     

类风湿性关节炎活动期外周血CT4+T细胞的表型变化

目的观察类风湿性关节炎(RA)活动期外周血CT4+T淋巴细胞的表型变化,探讨其免疫病理机制。方法采用ELISA和双标记免疫荧光法检测50例活动期RA患者和50例健康成人外周血CD4+T细胞表面CD154、CD69的表达以及血清、血浆可溶性CD154(sCD154)的含量。结果活动期RA患者的外周血CD4+T细胞CD154(16.8%±7.9%)和CD69(14.1%±8.2%)的表达水平均显著高于健康人,其血清sCD154(18.56±6.32,ng/ml)和血浆sCD154(8.41±3.51,ng/ml)含量亦分别高于健康人血清sCD154(9.56±4.71,ng/ml)和血浆sCD154(2.98±1.13,ng/ml)。结论CD4+T细胞表达的CD154、CD69以及血浆sCD154含量与RA的活动相关,可以作为RA的辅助诊断、疗效评价和预后判断的有价值的实验室参数。     

传染性非典型肺炎患者CD4阳性T细胞在发病早期显著下降

为了解传染性非典型肺炎患者早期的免疫状态 ,采用流式细胞仪以三色荧光标记的单克隆抗体 (CD4 FTTC/CD8 PE/CD3 PC5 )检测入院时 30例非典型肺炎或疑似患者的外周血T细胞亚群比例 ,并作绝对计数和计算CD4 +/CD8+比值。结果表明 ,11例非典型肺炎患者的CD3+、CD4 +T淋巴细胞比例、CD4 +/CD8+比值和CD3+、CD4 +和CD8+T淋巴细胞计数均明显低于 34例健康人 (P <0 0 0 1)。如CD4 +T细胞比例从健康人的 4 0 6 %降至 14 5 % ,细胞计数从健康人的 712 1/mm3 降至 15 1 1/mm3。患者CD8+T淋巴细胞比例也有一定程度的下降 (从健康人的 2 8 7%降至 2 2 6 % ,P <0 0 5 )。 19例疑似患者的上述大部分指标亦较健康人群有明显降低 (P <0 0 0 1)。非典型肺炎患者组与疑似患者组比较 ,前者CD3+T细胞和CD4 +T细胞比例进一步下降 (P <0 0 1) ,CD4 +/CD8+比例也倒置至 0 70。患者病程早期CD4 +T细胞比例下降可引起T细胞免疫功能低下 ,表明非典型肺炎和免疫功能失调有关。     

CD4~+ CD25~+调节性T细胞及Foxp3基因在不同淋巴结转移状态的非小细胞肺癌患者中的表达差异

目的:比较CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞及Foxp3基因在不同淋巴结转移状态的非小细胞肺癌患者外周血及肿瘤微环境中的表达差异。方法:46例初诊、初治的非小细胞肺癌患者根据有无淋巴结转移分为两组,采用流式细胞仪检测两组患者外周血中CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞的比例,Real-time PCR检测Foxp3基因的表达,免疫组化法检测肿瘤微环境中Foxp3的表达情况,ELISA法检测外周血及肿瘤组织匀浆中的TGF-β和IFN-γ水平。结果:Foxp3基因在转移淋巴结中的表达明显强于无转移的淋巴结,有淋巴结转移的非小细胞肺癌患者肿瘤微环境中的Foxp3表达明显强于无淋巴结转移的非小细胞肺癌患者,前者肿瘤组织匀浆中的TGF-β水平也明显高于后者,差异均具有显著性。两组患者外周血中CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞比例、Foxp3基因的表达及TGF-β、IFN-γ水平比较无显著性差异。结论:有淋巴结转移的非小细胞肺癌患者肿瘤微环境中存在Foxp3基因表达增强及TGF-β水平增高的现象,提示该类患者存在较为严重的局部肿瘤免疫抑制状态。     

类风湿性关节炎患者外周血Th17/Treg细胞比率失衡的研究

目的:观察类风湿性关节炎(RA)患者外周血Th17细胞与Foxp3+CD4+CD25+调节性T(Treg)细胞的平衡状态与疾病状态的关系,初步阐明Th17/Treg细胞比率失衡在RA发病机制中的作用和意义。方法:流式细胞术(FCM)检测RA患者和健康人外周血中Th17细胞和Foxp3+CD4+CD25+Treg细胞的比率。结果:活动期RA患者外周血CD3+CD4+T细胞和Th17细胞的比率均明显高于健康对照组(P均0.05);而Foxp3+CD4+CD25+Treg细胞的比率明显低于健康对照组(P0.05)。随疾病活动性的增加,Th17细胞表达增高(P0.05);而Foxp3+CD4+CD25+Treg细胞表达降低,但无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:RA患者外周血T细胞紊乱以CD4+T细胞的增加为主,Th17细胞比率的增加和Foxp3+CD4+CD25+Treg细胞比率的降低所致的Th17/Treg细胞比率失衡,可能在RA的发生发展中起重要作用。     

类风湿性关节炎患者外周血TH1/TH2细胞的研究

目的探讨CD4+TH1/TH2细胞在类风湿性关节炎(RA)发生发展过程中的作用.方法采用酶联免疫斑点法(ELISPOT)对15例RA患者和30例健康人外周血中T淋巴细胞亚群及CD4+TH1/TH2功能亚型进行检测.结果RA患者外周血中TH1细胞的百分率较正常对照组升高(P＜0.05).结论 TH1细胞介导的细胞免疫可能与RA的发生发展有关.     

ManLAM对树突状细胞成熟及下游免疫的影响

目的:研究结核分枝杆菌(MTB)成分带甘露聚糖帽的脂阿拉伯甘露聚糖(mannose-capped lipoarabinomannan,ManLAM)对树突状细胞(dendriticcells,DCs)成熟及下游免疫的影响。方法:分离健康人外周血单个核细胞,用GM-CSF和IL-4诱导DCs生长,培养至第五天换液加细胞因子,第六天分三组,按实验设计加ManLAM和LPS。第七天收集细胞送流式检测DC-SIGN、HLA-DR、CD86、CD83表达水平;ELISA检测DCs培养上清液中IL-12和IL-10水平;混合淋巴细胞反应检测DCs诱导CD4+T淋巴细胞增值能力;DCs与初始CD4+CD45RA+T细胞共培养48小时后,ELISA检测培养上清液中IFN-γ水平。结果:(1)ManLAM组DCs表达CD86、CD83等成熟标志物较成熟DCs组下降,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);(2)ManLAM组DCs培养上清液中IL-10水平较成熟组升高,IL-12水平较成熟组下降,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);ManLAM组DCs刺激淋巴细胞增殖能力及刺激初始CD4+CD45RA+T细胞向Th1细胞分化能力较成熟组下调,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:ManLAM干扰DCs成熟,下调DCs诱导的淋巴细胞增殖能力和激活初始CD4+CD45RA+T细胞向Th1细胞分化能力。     

HIV/AIDS患者免疫激活相关分子的表达及其对疾病进程的影响

目的探讨HIV/AIDS患者外周血免疫激活相关分子的表达特征,分析其与艾滋病疾病进程的相关性。方法采用流式细胞仪检测80例HIV/AIDS患者和20例健康人外周血T淋巴细胞亚群及CD8+T淋巴细胞表面CD38、HLA-DR、Ki67分子的表达水平,比较健康人群与HIV/AIDS患者以及HIV/AIDS患者不同CD4+T分组间CD38+/CD8+、HLA-DR+/CD8+、Ki67+/CD8+的差异,分析CD8+T淋巴细胞CD38、HLA-DR、Ki67分子表达与CD4+T淋巴细胞及病毒载量之间的相关性。结果与健康人群相比,HIV/AIDS患者CD38+/CD8+、HLA-DR+/CD8+、Ki67+/CD8+明显升高(P0.05);HIV/AIDS患者不同CD4+T分组间比较显示,随着CD4+T水平的降低,CD38+/CD8+、HLA-DR+/CD8+、Ki67+/CD8+逐渐升高,且艾滋病患者(CD4200 cells/ml)明显低于慢性进展者(CD4≥200 cells/ml);CD38+/CD8+、HLA-DR+/CD8+、Ki67+/CD8+与血浆病毒载量均呈明显正相关。结论HIV感染能明显提高外周血CD38、HLA-DR和Ki67等分子的表达水平,且随着艾滋病疾病的进展,CD38、HLA-DR和Ki67的表达逐步升高,免疫系统异常激活的不断加剧与艾滋病疾病进程密切相关。     

结直肠癌患者与健康受试者外周血CD45RA+/CD45RO+淋巴细胞表型分析

目的 分析结直肠癌患者与健康受试者外周血CD45RA+/CD45RO+系列T淋巴细胞表达的差异.方法 运用流式细胞术(FCM)检测2010年1月至2013年12月解放军总医院收治的109例结直肠癌患者(试验组)与64例健康受试者(对照组)外周血CD45RA+、CD45RO+、CD4+ CD45RA+、CD4+ CD45RO+T淋巴细胞亚群表达情况,统计分析试验组和对照组性别和年龄的分布是否存在差异,然后进一步分析CD45 RA等T淋巴细胞亚群与结直肠癌临床分期的关系.结果Ⅰ+Ⅱ期、Ⅲ期和Ⅳ期结直肠癌患者外周血CD45 RA+细胞百分率[三者分别为(56.23±7.75)％、(58.86±7.66)％和(59.02±9.71)％]明显高于对照组[(48.94±12.66)％],差异具有统计学意义(F=11.128,P＜0.001);Ⅲ期和Ⅳ期患者的CD45RO+细胞百分率[分别为(47.19±8.30)％和(45.41±10.45)％]则明显低于对照组[(53.43±11.75)％],差异具有统计学意义(F=5.817,P=0.00083);Ⅲ期和Ⅳ期患者CD45RA+/CD45RO+的比值(分别为1.32 ±0.46和1.43±0.63)明显高于对照组(1.00±0.47),差异具有统计学意义(F=6.986,P=0.000185);Ⅰ+Ⅱ期患者CD4+ CD45 RO+细胞百分率[(31.37±6.39)％]明显高于对照组[(27.49±7.19)％],差异具有统计学意义(F=2.368,P=0.009);Ⅳ期患者CD4+ CD45RA+/CD4+ CD45RO+的比值(0.66±0.39)明显高于Ⅰ+Ⅱ期的患者(0.49±0.23),差异具有统计学意义(F=1.812,P=0.029);各组之间CD4+ CD45RA+细胞百分率无明显统计学差异(F=0.637,P=0.592).结论 随着临床分期的增加,结直肠癌患者外周血CD45RA+细胞逐渐增加而CD45RO+细胞逐渐减少,反映出结直肠癌患者随着肿瘤的进展其免疫功能逐渐抑制、逐渐降低的动态过程;CD4+ CD45RA+细胞和CD4+ CD45RO+细胞在反映结直肠癌患者机体免疫功能方面不如CD45RA+细胞和CD45RO+细胞敏感.     

Gene expression profiling in autoimmune diseases: chronic inflammation or disease specific patterns?

A central issue in autoimmune disease is whether the underlying inflammation is a repeated stereotypical process or whether disease specific gene expression is involved. To shed light on this, we analysed whether genes previously found to be differentially regulated in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and healthy individuals were specific for the arthritic process or likewise altered in other chronic inflammatory diseases such as chronic autoimmune thyroiditis (Hashimoto's thyroiditis, HT) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Using qPCR for 18 RA-discriminative genes, there were no significant differences in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (MNC) gene expression patterns between 15 newly diagnosed HT patients and 15 matched healthy controls. However, the MNC expression levels of five genes were significantly upregulated in 25 IBD patients, compared to 18 matched healthy controls (CD14, FACL2, FCN1, RNASE2, VNN2). There was concordance in the directional change for all genes between IBD and RA patients, i.e. increased expression compared to controls. These data show that one third of the genes significantly upregulated in MNC from RA patients were upregulated in patients with other chronic immunoinflammatory diseases, but only if accompanied by pronounced systemic manifestations. This suggests that at least some of the genes activated in RA are predominantly or solely related to general and disease-nonspecific autoimmune processes.     

Healthy First‐Degree Relatives of Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Exhibit Significant Differences in Basal Gene Expression Pattern of Immunocompetent Cells Compared to Controls: Expression Pattern as Predeterminant of Autoimmune Diabetes

Expression features of genetic landscape which predispose an individual to the type 1 diabetes are poorly understood. We addressed this question by comparing gene expression profile of freshly isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from either patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D), or their first‐degree relatives or healthy controls. Our aim was to establish whether a distinct type of ‘prodiabetogenic’ gene expression pattern in the group of relatives of patients with T1D could be identified. Whole‐genome expression profile of nine patients with T1D, their ten first‐degree relatives and ten healthy controls was analysed using the human high‐density expression microarray chip. Functional aspects of candidate genes were assessed using the MetaCore software. The highest number of differentially expressed genes (547) was found between the autoantibody‐negative healthy relatives and the healthy controls. Some of them represent genes critically involved in the regulation of innate immune responses such as TLR signalling and CCR3 signalling in eosinophiles, humoral immune reactions such as BCR pathway, costimulation and cytokine responses mediated by CD137, CD40 and CD28 signalling and IL‐1 proinflammatory pathway. Our data demonstrate that expression profile of healthy relatives of patients with T1D is clearly distinct from the pattern found in the healthy controls. That especially concerns differential activation status of genes and signalling pathways involved in proinflammatory processes and those of innate immunity and humoral reactivity. Thus, we posit that the study of the healthy relative’s gene expression pattern is instrumental for the identification of novel markers associated with the development of diabetes.     

慢性心力衰竭患者与正常人外周血单核细胞基因的表达差异

目的应用cDNA芯片技术研究慢性心力衰竭（CHF）患者和正常对照组外周血单核细胞（PBMC）基因表达差异。方法抽提PBMC总RNA并纯化mRNA,反转录合成单链、双链cDNA后,体外转录合成cRNA。分别用cy3-dCTP和cy5-dCTP标记cRNA。将基因芯片和杂交探针变性后杂交、洗涤,并分析cy3、cy5两种荧光信号的强度和比值。结果CHF患者和正常对照组比较,共有123个表达差异相关基因,其中有102个表达上调,21个表达下调。涉及黏附分子、热休克蛋白、信号传导、细胞周期、凋亡等。结论CHF与正常人PBMC基因表达存在显著差异。进一步深入研究这些基因在CHF发生发展中的作用,对推动CHF发生的分子机制及防治研究可能有重要意义。     

类风湿性关节炎患者嗜碱性粒细胞活化机制研究

目的：探讨类风湿性关节炎患者外周血嗜碱性粒细胞的活化情况及其机制。方法：流式检测正常人对照组和RA患者组外周嗜碱性粒细胞活化标记物CD203c的表达及IL-4阳性的比例;用电化学发光法检测血清IgE水平;负选正常人嗜碱性粒细胞,以anti-IgE刺激为阳性对照,置含或不含IgE的微环境中,流式检测CD203c的表达及IL-4阳性的比例。结果：较正常人对照组,RA患者嗜碱性粒细胞高表达CD203c和IL-4(均P<0.05);RA患者血清IgE水平显著高于正常人对照组(P<0.05);RA患者血清和其血清中纯化的IgE可使负选的正常人来源的嗜碱性粒细胞活化,上调CD203c表达及IL-4阳性比例。结论：RA患者嗜碱性粒活化与发病相关,且主要由IgE介导,靶向嗜碱性粒细胞及其活化通路有望为RA的防治提供新的策略。     

Maturation and cytokine production potential of dendritic cells isolated from rheumatoid arthritis patients peripheral blood and induced in vitro

BackgroundSince dendritic cells (DC) are involved in the development of autoimmune inflammation, researchers consider DC both as target cells for specific therapy of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and as candidate cells for the development of cell-based methods to treat autoimmune diseases. The development of treatment strategies requires comprehensive research into the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of DC subtypes both ex vivo from RA patients and in vitro, to determine the possibility of inducing functionally mature DC in RA.ObjectiveTo study the phenotypic and functional properties of myeloid (mDC) and plasmacytoid (pDC) DC isolated from the peripheral blood of patients with RA and induced in vitro.Materials and methodsBlood samples were obtained from RA patients and healthy donors. Immature DC in the whole blood and in vitro induced DC were characterized by the positive expression of CD80, CD83, CCR7, IL-10, IL-4, IL-12 and IFN-α. R848 and lipopolysaccharide were used to determine DC maturation ability. From PBMCs of RA patients and health donors DCs with myeloid (imDC) and plasmacytoid (ipDC) phenotype were induced.ResultsThe relative count of mDC in the peripheral blood between studied groups did not differ. pDC count was significantly lower for RA patients. DC from RA patients were characterized by low expression levels of CD80 and CD83 on both populations cells and high expression of CCR7 only on pDC. An increase in pDC producing IL-12 and IFN-α and a decrease in mDC and pDC producing IL-4 and IL-10 were shown in RA. imDC and ipDC obtained from RA patients according to their phenotype and cytokine profile did not differ from those obtained from healthy donors.ConclusionsThere is an imbalance between subpopulations of DC in the peripheral blood of RA patients. DC of RA patients are less mature. The data suggest the involvement of DC in RA pathogenesis and confirm DC participation in balance shift towards Th1-type immune responses. At the same time, in vitro induced RA DC are phenotypically and functionally competent.     

GD患者外周血CD4~+CD28-T细胞亚群的表型特征及临床意义

检测Graves病(GD)患者外周血CD4~+CD28-T细胞水平及其表面CD45RO/CD45RA及ICOS的表达,探讨CD4~+ CD28-T细胞亚群在GD免疫致病机制中的作用。采用三色荧光抗体染色及流式细胞术检测了42例初发GD患者和30例健康者外周血中CD4~+CD28-T细胞的百分率及其表面CD45RO/CD45RA和ICOS表达水平,同时检测其甲状腺功能并进行相关性分析。结果GD患者外周血中CD4~+CD28-T细胞百分率明显高于健康对照组,并高表达ICOS分子,与FT3水平显著正相关;与健康对照组相比,GD患者CD4~+CD28~-CD45RO~+T细胞百分率也显著增高,而CD4~+CD28~-CD45RA~+T细胞呈下降趋势,FT3、FT4水平与CD4~+CD28-T细胞表面CD45RO的表达率呈正相关,而FT3水平与CD45RA表达呈负相关。结论GD患者外周血CD4~+CD28~-T细胞异常增高,表面高表达ICOS分子,具有记忆性细胞的表型特征,与甲状腺功能异常有一定的相关性,CD4~+CD28-T细胞可能是参与GD免疫病理反应的自身反应性T细胞。     

Down-regulation of the T cell receptor CD3 zeta chain in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and its influence on T cell responsiveness

T cells implicated in chronic inflammatory diseases such as RA respond weakly when stimulated in vitro with mitogen or antigen. The mechanism behind this hyporesponsiveness is unclear, but a depressed expression of the T cell receptor (TCR)-associated CD3zeta chain has been suggested. In the present work we describe a low expression of CD3zeta in synovial fluid (SF) T cells from RA patients compared with peripheral blood (PB) T cells, but no difference in CD3zeta expression between RA and healthy control PB T cells. In vitro studies demonstrated that granulocytes but not SF macrophages are able to down-regulate the expression of CD3zeta. Through stimulation with anti-CD3 antibodies we demonstrated that the TCR-dependent proliferative response was decreased in SF T cells compared with PB T cells. Stimulation with phorbol ester and ionomycin also resulted in a low proliferative response of SF T cells, indicating that both signal transduction through the TCR (stimulation with anti-CD3) and events further downstream in the signalling pathways (stimulation with phorbol ester and ionomycin) are affected. A similar depression of T cell activity was observed when induction of IL-2 and IL-4 was measured. However, SF T cells were not defective in the induction of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) when stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)/ionomycin, in contrast to the diminished IFN-gamma response observed after stimulation with anti-CD3. This indicates that the hyporesponsiveness of SF T cells can not be generalized to all T cell functions. The differential response to external stimuli is likely to be of importance for the capacity of SF T cells to influence inflammatory reactions.     

Distinct gene expression patterns of peripheral blood cells in hyper-IgE syndrome

Hyper-immunoglobulin E (IgE) syndrome (HIES) is one of the primary immunodeficiency syndromes. Although the cytokine dysregulation is suggested to play a role in its pathophysiology, the causative gene has not yet been identified. To investigate the pathophysiology and candidate genes involved in this disease, we performed microarray analysis of unstimulated peripheral CD4+ T cells and CD14+ cells, as well as peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC) stimulated with Staphylococcus aureus isolated from HIES patients and healthy controls. By microarray analysis, 38 genes showed over 2-fold differences between the HIES patients and healthy controls in purified CD14+ cells, although only small differences in the gene expression profiles were observed between the two groups in purified CD4+ T cells. RGC32 expression levels showed the greatest difference between the two groups, and were significantly elevated in HIES compared with those in severe atopic dermatitis or healthy controls using real-time PCR. A significantly larger number of lysosome-related genes were up-regulated, and significantly larger number of genes related to cell growth and maintenance were down-regulated in HIES. After the stimulation of PBMNC with Staphylococcus aureus, 51 genes showed over 3-fold differences between HIES patients and healthy controls. A significantly large number of immunoglobulin-related genes were up-regulated in HIES. The distinct patterns of gene expression profiles and RGC32 expression levels will be useful for understanding the pathophysiology and for diagnosis of HIES, respectively.