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1.
目的结合PMMA和锶羟基磷灰石(Sr HA)各自的优势,制备出兼具高的力学强度、合适的固化时间、较低的热释放、生物活性和骨整合性能的Sr HA/PMMA复合骨水泥,并系统性地研究Sr HA的引入对复合骨水泥的体外固化性能、力学强度和生物学性能的影响。方法将水热合成法制备的锶羟基磷灰石引入PMMA基体,制备Sr HA/PMMA复合骨水泥。系统性地对Sr HA/PMMA复合骨水泥的力学强度、固化时间、热释放、生物活性进行研究。将复合骨水泥和细胞共培养,利用MTT法、扫描电镜等研究Sr HA/PMMA复合骨水泥的细胞毒性,粘附和增殖。结果结果表明,与纯的PMMA骨水泥(对照组)相比,Sr HA/PMMA复合骨水泥的固化热释放明显降低(约80~84℃),同时又维持了合适的固化时间(8~11分钟)和较好的力学性能(抗压强度为90MPa左右)。Sr HA的引入,不仅赋予了复合骨水泥生物活性,也显著地改善了其细胞/材料的相互作用。浸泡在SBF后,Sr HA/PMMA复合骨水泥显示出更好的体外矿化性能。与成骨细胞MC3T3-E1共培养后,表面沉积的羟基磷灰石能够更好的促进细胞的粘附和爬行。结论兼具优异的理化性能和生物活性的Sr HA/PMMA复合骨水泥,有着广阔的骨科微创修复应用前景。  相似文献   

2.
目的揭示负载抗菌药物骨水泥的药物释放浓度、持续时间、药物残留程度及低于最小有效抑菌浓度的释放时间,为合理应用抗菌药物提供理论依据。方法通过对负载盐酸万古霉素和亚胺培南西司他丁钠的骨水泥进行体外洗提实验,采用高效液相色谱法检测分析两种负载抗菌药物的骨水泥的药物释放浓度、释放持续时间和药物残留程度。结果 (1)负载抗菌药物的骨水泥第一天药物释放量最大,后逐渐持平,且释放时间较长,释放浓度较低;(2)截止到第7周盐酸万古霉素、亚胺培南西司他丁释放量分别只占总负载量的15%、25%;(3)盐酸万古霉素第1周后释放浓度低于最小有效抑菌浓度,亚胺培南西司他丁钠第7周后释放浓度低于最小有效抑菌浓度。结论载抗菌药物骨水泥存在长时间药物残留现象,是导致持续低于最小有效抑菌浓度的主要原因。此种现象不但对细菌起不到抑菌作用,而且是诱导细菌耐药性的危险因素。  相似文献   

3.
目的探讨利塞膦酸对硅酸钙骨水泥材料性能的影响及其体外缓释的机理。方法将不同浓度的利塞膦酸(0.1%、0.5%和1.0%)与硅酸钙骨水泥粉末混合后进行水化反应,观察骨水泥固化时间及3天和7天后的抗压强度,并利用X射线衍射仪和Rietveld数字模拟精修方法定性与定量分析水化后骨水泥的相组成。同时,将固化后载药骨水泥样本放入磷酸盐缓冲液中,利用高效液相色谱仪检测利塞膦酸28天内的释放曲线。结果固化速度及3天和7天后力学强度均受到利塞膦酸的影响,且随着利塞膦酸含量的增加,固化速度减慢,力学性能下降。X射线衍射的定性分析与Rietveld定量分析表明,利塞膦酸强有力附着在硅酸钙水化后产物硅酸钙水凝胶表面,阻碍水化反应进一步发生,从而延长固化时间并减少骨水泥的力学强度。体外药物释放曲线表明,利塞膦酸在浸泡后2周内达到释放峰值,在其后的14天中,并无明显释放,证明硅酸钙骨水泥作为利塞膦酸载药系统具有缓释及控释的效果。吸附与脱附实验及Higuchi方程分析表明,利塞膦酸在水化时形成不溶性钙盐,因此药物释放速度受到制约。结论硅酸钙骨水泥作为利塞膦酸缓释系统具有缓释和控释的效果,有利于合并骨质疏松症患者的骨折修复与重铸。  相似文献   

4.
壳聚糖抗菌生物陶瓷的制备及其体内外实验研究*   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的利用壳聚糖固化液和磷酸钙骨水泥(CPC)复合头孢曲松钠,研制一种新型的抗菌生物陶瓷。方法使用壳聚糖固化液将磷酸钙骨水泥与头孢曲松钠共混制备抗菌生物陶瓷,根据头孢曲松钠的紫外吸光度-浓度标准直线研究生物陶瓷中头孢曲松钠的体外释放。微生物法测定生物陶瓷体外抑菌效果。利用大鼠污染骨缺损模型,研究其体内抗感染作用。结果2.4ml壳聚糖固化液与0.1g磷酸钙骨水泥固体及10.4mg头孢曲松钠混合,在60摄氏度100%湿度下固化24h得到的抗菌生物陶瓷体外头孢曲松钠体外持续释放1W均高于金黄色葡萄球菌的最小抑菌浓度,大鼠白细胞计数和组织切片证实污染缺损实验组较对照组的炎症反应轻微。结论复合头孢曲松钠和壳聚糖的磷酸钙骨水泥陶瓷具有良好的抑菌抗感染作用。  相似文献   

5.
目的 揭示负载抗菌药物的骨水泥的药物释放浓度、持续时间、药物残留程度及低于最小有效抑菌浓度的释放时间,为合理应用抗菌药物提供理论依据。方法 通过对负载盐酸万古霉素和亚胺培南西司他丁钠的骨水泥进行体外洗提实验,采用高效液相色谱法检测分析两种负载抗菌药物的骨水泥的药物释放浓度、释放持续时间和药物残留程度。结果 ①负载抗菌药物的骨水泥第一天药物释放量最大,后逐渐持平,且释放时间较长,释放浓度较低;②截止到第7周盐酸万古霉素、亚胺培南西司他丁释放量分别只占总负载量的15%、25%;③盐酸万古霉素第1周后释放浓度低于最小有效抑菌浓度,亚胺培南西司他丁钠第7周后释放浓度低于最小有效抑菌浓度。结论 载抗菌药物骨水泥存在长时间药物残留现象,是导致持续低于最小有效抑菌浓度的主要原因。此种现象不但对细菌起不到抑菌作用,而且是诱导细菌耐药性的危险因素。  相似文献   

6.
目的探讨不同品牌的骨水泥对不同抗生素释放的影响。方法将骨水泥样品分为4组,每组6个样本:A组,40 g Palacos骨水泥中混入2 g万古霉素; B组,40 g Palacos骨水泥中混入2 g头孢他啶; C组,40 g Copal骨水泥中混入2 g万古霉素;D组,40 g Copal骨水泥中混入2 g头孢他啶。制作成直径(10±1) mm、高(20±1) mm的骨水泥圆柱,每组6个,在体外用磷酸盐缓冲溶液(PBS)浸泡,取4 h、8 h、16 h、24 h、48 h、3 d、4 d、5 d、6 d、7 d、2周、3周、4周、6周的样本,并应用高效液相色谱仪测定药物洗脱浓度。结果在为期6周的洗脱过程中,对于万古霉素的释放,A组Palacos骨水泥前3 d优于C组Copal骨水泥,而5 d到6周时C组Copal骨水泥优于A组Palacos骨水泥;对于头孢他啶的释放,B组Palacos骨水泥在洗脱周期内优于D组Copal骨水泥。结论万古霉素前期释放及头孢他啶释放选择Palacos骨水泥更佳,万古霉素中后期释放选择Copal骨水泥更佳,在临床中需根据已知敏感抗生素添加于适当的骨水泥载体中来发挥其功效。  相似文献   

7.
骨髓炎的定点缓释给药治疗是重要的生物医学问题,关键是要制备高效的缓释药棒。我们采用热熔法,以聚(二聚酸(十四烷二酸)共聚物[P(DA-TA),WDA:WTA=50:50]为药物缓释材料,硫酸庆大霉素为模型药物,制备了硫酸庆大霉素-聚酸酐缓释药棒,以期最终用于骨髓炎的定点缓释给药治疗。初步的制剂稳定性研究表明,在室温干燥条件下,该缓释药棒具有良好的制剂稳定性。体外释药结果表明,37℃时,该缓释药棒在蒸馏水中、0.9%生理盐水中和0.1 mol/L pH7.4 PBS中具有明显缓释作用,其体外释药动力学均符合一级动力学方程和Peppas方程。抑菌活性实验表明,该缓释药棒对骨髓炎常见致病菌:金黄色葡萄球菌及大肠杆菌有长达60 d的抑制作用。该类硫酸庆大霉素-聚酸酐缓释药棒具有良好的制剂稳定性和长达60 d的抑菌活性,可望用于骨髓炎治疗领域。  相似文献   

8.
目的研制抗生素多孔玻璃陶瓷(A-PGC)药物释放系统(DDS)为骨髓炎治疗提供一种新方法.方法将两种多孔玻璃陶瓷(PGC)浸于抗生素(含庆大霉素和头孢唑林钠)溶液,真空吸附,制得A-PGC.同法制得抗生素多孔羟基磷灰石陶瓷(A-PHA)作对照.测定其体外、体内释放抗生素的药物浓度及持续时间.结果A-PGC体外释放有效浓度的庆大霉素达42天以上,而A-PHA为28天.三种陶瓷洗脱液中头孢唑林浓度均低于庆大霉素浓度.A-PGC在兔股骨中维持有效浓度庆大霉素达8周以上且有良好的骨传导作用.结论A-PGC可望成为治疗骨髓炎的一种新方法.  相似文献   

9.
目的研究以聚乙烯醇(PVA)、生物活性玻璃(BG)及氯化锶为主要原料,制备的PVA水凝胶、PVA/生物活性玻璃水凝胶、掺锶复合PVA/生物活性玻璃水凝胶的可降解性能、离子释放性能和促软骨修复性能。方法PVA溶液与BG溶胶凝胶溶液在加热搅拌下生成PB水凝胶,PVA溶液与Sr-BG溶胶凝胶溶液加热搅拌生成PBSr水凝胶,将PB和PB-Sr水凝胶浸泡于磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS)中,研究其体外降解性能、离子释放性能和结构变化。在水凝胶上培养软骨细胞,经细胞增殖能力实验和细胞荧光染色观察细胞增殖情况。结果 PB和PB-Sr水凝胶在PBS溶液中逐渐降解,28 d后PB水凝胶降解率为25%,PB-Sr水凝胶降解率为16%,水凝胶表面均有羟基磷灰石形成。细胞实验结果显示培养7 d后PB-Sr水凝胶的OD值为0.76±0.04,PB水凝胶的OD值为0.52±0.02,均显著高于对照组,PVA水凝胶的OD值0.45±0.04,差异具有统计学意义(0.05)。结论该掺锶复合PVA/生物活性玻璃水凝胶具有良好的降解性能和离子释放性能,能有效促进软骨细胞增殖。  相似文献   

10.
抗生素-多孔玻璃陶瓷(A-PGC)药物释放系统(DDS)的研制   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的 研制抗生素多孔玻璃陶瓷(A-PGC)药物释放系统(DDS)为骨髓炎治疗提供一种新方法。方法将两种多孔玻璃陶瓷(PGC)浸于抗生素(含庆大霉素和头孢唑林钠)溶液,真空吸附,制得A-PGC。同法制得抗生素多孔羟基磷灰石陶瓷(A-PHA)作对照。测定其体外、体内释放抗生素的药物浓度及持续时间。结果A-PGC体外释放有效浓度的庆大霉素达42天以上,而APHA为28天。三种陶瓷洗脱液中头孢唑林浓度均低于庆人霉素浓度。A-PGC在兔股骨中维持有效浓度庆大霉素达8周以上且有良好的骨传导作用。结论 A-PGC可望成为治疗骨髓炎的一种新方法。  相似文献   

11.
Macroporous chitosan scaffolds reinforced by beta-tricalcium phosphate (beta-TCP) and calcium phosphate invert glasses were fabricated using a thermally induced phase separation technique. These porous composite materials were specially designed as both a drug carrier for controlled drug release and a scaffold for bone regeneration. The controlled drug release of antibiotic gentamicin-sulfate (GS) loaded scaffolds and morphology of osteosarcoma MG63 cells cultured on the scaffolds were studied. In comparison with the GS loaded pure chitosan scaffolds, the initial burst release of GS was decreased through incorporating calcium phosphate crystals and glasses into the scaffolds, and the sustained release for more than 3 weeks was achieved. The possible mechanisms for the controlled drug release were investigated by SEM, FTIR, and measurements of the pH values of the PBS solution during the drug release test. SEM micrographs showed no apparent morphological differences for osteoblastic cells grown on the pure chitosan scaffolds and those grown on composite scaffolds. The cells were attached and migrated on these scaffolds, and exhibited a biological appearance, suggesting a good cellular compatibility.  相似文献   

12.
In this study, nanocomposite of 50 wt% calcium sulfate and 50 wt% nanocrystalline apatite was produced and its biocompatibility, physical and structural properties were compared with pure calcium sulfate (CS) cement. Indomethacin (IM), a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, was also loaded on both CS and nanocomposite cements and its in vitro release was evaluated over a period of time. The effect of the loaded IM on basic properties of the cements was also investigated. Biocompatibility tests showed a partial cytotoxicity in CS cement due to the reduced number of viable mouse fibroblast L929 cells in contact with the samples as well as spherical morphologies of the cells. However, no cytotoxic effect was observed for nanocomposite cement and no significant difference was found between the number of the cells seeded in contact with this specimens and culture plate as control. Other results showed that the setting time and injectability of the nanocomposite cement was much higher than those of CS cement, whereas reverse result obtained for compressive strength. In addition, incorporation of IM into compositions slightly increased the initial setting time and injectability of the cements and did not change their compressive strength. While a fast IM release was observed from CS cement in which about 97% of the loaded drug was released during 48 h, nanocomposite cement showed a sustained release behavior in which 80% of the loaded IM was liberated after 144 h. Thus, the nanocomposite can be a more appropriate carrier than CS for controlled release of IM in bone defect treatments.  相似文献   

13.
Mesoporous bioactive glass (MBG) and composite microspheres with MBG particles embedded in biodegradable poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) matrix have been prepared and used to load gentamicin (GS). The in vitro drug release experiments from both MBG and composite microspheres were conducted in distilled water and phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution at 37 degrees C for more than 30 days. In both water and PBS, GS release from the MBG was very fast with about 60 wt % of the loaded drug released in the first 24 h, and more than 80 wt % released in two days. MBG/PLGA composite microspheres showed an initial release of about 33 wt % in the first day, and 48 wt % in 2 days, and a subsequent sustained release lasting for more than 4 weeks in PBS. MBG/PLGA composite microspheres may be used as an alternative drug release system, especially as a bone void filler for bone repair due to their combined advantages of sustained release of antibiotics and apatite-forming ability.  相似文献   

14.
Different concentrations of berberine were mixed with nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan (n-HA/CS) bone cement to generate an antibiotic drug delivery system for treatment of bone defects. Properties of the system such as setting time, compressive strength, surface morphology, phase compositions, drug release profiles and antimicrobial activity were also characterized. It was shown that the setting time of the cement ranged from 17.03 +/- 0.50 min to 28.47 +/- 0.96 min and the compressive strength changed from 184.00 +/- 7.94 MPa to 120.33 +/- 9.02 MPa with the increase of berberine. The XRD, IR, and SEM analyses suggested that berberine powders were stable in the bone cement in simulated body fluid (SBF). In vitro release of berberine from the bioactive bone cement pellets in SBF could last more than 4 weeks. The release profiles of 1.0 wt % berberine loaded bone cement followed the Higuchi equation at the infusion stage. The drug loaded pellets can inhibit bacterial growth (Staphylococcus aureus) at the standardized berberine minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.02 mg/mL during berberine release from 1 to 28 days. The n-HA/CS bone cement only with 1.0 wt % berberine proved to be an efficient antibiotic drug delivery system.  相似文献   

15.
The objective of this study was to design a novel artificial bone scaffold for the therapy and prevention of refractory bacterial infections. Porous nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan/konjac glucomannan (n-HA/CS/KGM) scaffolds were loaded with cationic liposomal vancomycin (CLV) to form a novel complex drug carrier (LLS). The kinetics of CLV release from LLS and the effects of the amount of konjac glucomannan (KGM) and CLV in LLS were examined in vitro. The anti-biofilm activity of LLS was also studied. Electron microscopy indicated that the liposomes were well preserved in the scaffold, and that CLV rather than free vancomycin is released from the scaffold. The weight percentage of KGM or CLV greatly influenced the release behavior of the scaffolds. LLS could provide sustained CLV release and inhibited the formation of Staphylococcus aureus biofilms better than scaffolds without CLV loaded. LLS may be a novel, effective drug-delivery system for the antibiotic treatment of osteomyelitis caused by biofilm infections.  相似文献   

16.
Drug delivery systems including chemical, physical and biological agents that enhance the bioavailability, improve pharmacokinetics and reduce toxicities of the drugs. Carrier erythrocytes are one of the most promising biological drug delivery systems investigated in recent decades. The bioavailability of statin drugs is low due the effects of P-glycoprotein in the gastro-intestinal tract as well as the first-pass metabolism. Therefore in this work we study the effect of time, temperature as well as concentration on the loading of pravastatin in human erythrocytes to be using them as systemic sustained release delivery system for this drug. After the loading process is performed the carriers' erythrocytes were physically and cellulary characterized. Also, the in vitro release of pravastatin from carrier erythrocytes was studied over time interval. Our results revealed that, human erythrocytes have been successfully loaded with pravastatin using endocytosis method either at 25(o)C or at 37(o)C. The loaded amount at 10 mg/ml is 0.32 mg/0.1 ml and 0.69 mg/0.1 ml. Entrapment efficiency is 34% and 94% at 25(o)C and 37(o)C respectively at drug concentration 4 mg/ml. Moreover the percent of cells recovery is 87-93%. Hematological parameters and osmotic fragility behavior of pravastatin loaded erythrocytes were similar that of native erythrocytes. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that the pravastatin loaded cells has no change in the morphology. Pravastatin releasing from carrier cell was 83% after 23 hours in phosphate buffer saline and decreased to 72% by treatment of carrier cells with glutaraldehyde. The releasing pattern of the drug from loaded erythrocytes obeyed first order kinetics. It concluded that pravastatin is successfully entrapped into erythrocytes with acceptable loading parameters and moderate morphological changes, this suggesting that erythrocytes can be used as prolonged release for pravastatin.  相似文献   

17.
为了研发一种可供脂溶性药物上载的长效释放植入生物可降解纤维载体,采用有机相分离法制备左旋聚乳酸(PLLA)纤维,扫描电镜(SEM)观察结构,差示扫描热分析(DSC)以及红外光谱分析(FTIR)分析药物载体状态,高效液相(HPLC)方法测定载药纤维的载药量,紫外分光光度法(UV)测定药物释放情况.结果表明制备出了成形性良好的空白PLLA纤维及载药纤维,药物包合入纤维中;药物与载体的结合形式为微晶分散与非晶态分散相结合,该纤维制剂在体外可以长效可调地释放.有机相分离法可以用来成功制备作为缓释植入药物载体的微米级别的左旋聚乳酸载药(PLLA)纤维.  相似文献   

18.
目的 制备紫杉醇纳米粒子,并考察其在实验兔体内经DispatchTM球囊灌注后组织分布情况.方法 以生物可降解材料聚乳酸聚乙醇酸共聚物(PLGA)为原料,采用超声乳化-溶剂挥发法制备载紫杉醇纳米粒子.对纳米粒子的粒径、形态、药物含量和体内外释放进行测定.通过新西兰兔腹主动脉局部给药模型考察紫杉醇纳米粒子球囊灌注后组织分布情况.结果 制备的紫杉醇纳米粒子的平均粒径约为246 nm,包封率为93.25%,紫杉醇含量19.06%.体外可维持恒定释放30d以上.新西兰兔体内经腹主动脉实现DispatchTM球囊灌注,观察药物可在靶部位体内贮留长达21d.结论 紫杉醇PLGA纳米粒子作为一种局部药物传递系统,经球囊灌注在动物模型体内提高局部药物浓度,延长药物作用时间,可实现缓释靶向治疗.  相似文献   

19.
The use of antibiotic loaded bone cements (ALBCs) has become a common clinical practice in the prevention and treatment of prosthesis-related infections. However, due to antibiotic resistance, there is a general interest in broadening the antibacterial spectrum of currently used drugs. The aim of this work is to formulate ALBCs for specific use in vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty, and to study the effect of the addition of ciprofloxacin alone and in combination with vancomycin on some properties of the cement. The cements were formulated using bismuth salicylate as the radiopacifier. The setting properties, residual monomer content, release of antibiotics, rheological behavior, injectability, and mechanical properties of these formulations were studied. They showed long setting times and low curing temperatures. From the release studies, antibacterial properties are assumed because the concentration of released antibiotic was higher than the minimum effective. Although the experimental cements had slightly reduced mechanical properties, the other alterations shown were negligible.  相似文献   

20.
In this work, gentamicin loaded collagen was grafted on the surface of plasma sprayed wollastonite coatings to obtain an implant having excellent bioactivity and cytocompatibility as well as antibacterial property. The bioactivity and cytocompatibility of the wollastonite coatings grafting gentamicin loaded collagen were examined by simulated body fluid (SBF) soaking test and in vitro cell culture test. The release rate of gentamicin from collagen was measured using UV spectrophotometer in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and the antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) was evaluated by zone of inhibition test and bacterial counting method. The results showed that a composite layer with collagen and silicon-rich particles was formed on the surface of the coating after the graft of collagen. The grafted collagen layer mixed with silicon-rich particles could induce the precipitation of apatite after soaking in SBF for 14 days and improved the cellular proliferation on wollastonite coatings. The release of gentamicin from the collagen layer sustained 11 days in PBS and effectively inhibited the growth of S. aureus. In conclusion, the wollastonite coating grafting gentamicin loaded collagen had excellent bioactivity and cytocompatibility as well as good antibacterial properties, which would be beneficial for the long term stability and surgical success rate of implants.  相似文献   

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