钛及钛合金的表面处理对粘接强度影响的研究现状

钛及钛合金有极好的生物相容性和优越的物理机械性能,是制作修复体理想的牙科金属材料。钛及钛合金与复合树脂之间的粘接强度是树脂粘接修复体成功的关键。对钛及钛合金进行合适的表面处理是提高粘接强度的有效途径。就相关研究进展作一综述。     

新型生物医用钛合金组织与性能研究进展

文章综述了传统生物医用钛材料及新型医用钛合金组织与性能的研究发展现状．重点介绍了围内外对日前热点研究的新型医用β型钛合金在弹性模量、复杂的相转变、超弹性、超细晶制备及组织性能研究方面的进展,为新型医用钛合金的设计、开发及应用提供了参考。     

用于人体关节植入物的多孔纯钛/钛合金研究

目的研究Ti6Al4V合金基体上经钎焊制得的多孔纯钛／钛合金,并对其各项性能进行表征,探讨其是否适用于人体关节植入物。方法制备钎焊多孔纯钛／钛合金表面多孔层,采用SEM观察其形貌及孔径,采用重量法计算其孔隙率,采用Instron 4057材料试验机进行结合强度测试,并根据国家标准GB／T16886-3完成遗传毒性实验。结果纯钛／钛合金多孔层孔径为100μm以上,孔隙率6％以上;多孔层与基体的结合强度达到27MPa。遗传毒性试验结果为阴性。结论经钎焊可制得纯钛／钛合金球形粉末多孔层,其孔隙率和孔径允许骨细胞长入;多孔层与基体的结合强度能够满足植入要求,并具有较好生物相容性;经钎焊制得的纯钛／钛合金多孔层是一种可用于人体关节植入物的表面结构形式。     

钛在口腔医学中的应用现状与展望

80年代以后,钛在口腔医学中的应用研究发展非常迅速.应用范围扩展到口腔医学各个分科,展示出十分广泛的应用前景。本文对纯钛、钛合金及钛类化合物在口腔种植、修复、正畸、龋病防治和齿科材料生产等方面的应用研究现状与发展进行介绍。     

阳极氧化产品表面元素定性分析探讨

目的对表面经阳极氧化的钛及钛合金产品进行表面元素定性分析,并对其数据进行探讨。方法采用扫描电镜及能谱仪对表面元素进行测定。结果阳极氧化产品表面经扫描电镜及能谱仪分析,所包含元素除基体元素外,还可包含少量Na、Si、Ca、P等元素。结论纯钛、钛合金类产品植入物表面形成的氧化膜具有良好的生物相容性,通过对钛及钛合金表面阳极氧化工艺和成分控制,可以有效降低产品生物安全风险。     

文摘

文摘生物医学材料０９８在氨基酸溶液中钛合金的金属溶解和溶解金属的毒性［日］／佐藤和子他／／齿科材料器械．－１９９７，１６（２）．－１２２近年来用纯钛及钛合金制成的牙种植体已广泛应用于临床，由于钛及钛合金表面有稳定的氧化物被膜，具有良好的生物适应性。但...     

氮化钛材人工关节

钛及钛合金经不同离子氮化工艺处理后,其表面硬度分别提高7倍和2倍。氮化后的纯钛磨耗量降低到原来的1/12,钛合金降低到原来的1/6。腐蚀试验结果,年腐蚀率氮化钛材是非氮化钛材的三分之一。     

CRTER杂志放射科方面生物材料研究的发稿方向

<正>○气道内金属支架植入疗法在支气管结核治疗中的应用○经纤维支气管镜球囊定位及生物材料填塞治疗顽固性气胸○镍钛合金支气管封堵器的研制及其实验研究○镍钛记忆合金支架治疗气道狭窄的临床应用○形状记忆合金医用内支架的系统研究○记忆镍钛合金支架在气管狭窄中的应用     

钛种植体基台与种植体上部结构合金的耐腐蚀性能

背景:国内有学者运用动电位极化技术测定常用牙科金属自腐蚀电位值来评价低贵金属的腐蚀性能,发现合金的贵金属含量是影响其耐腐蚀性能的主要原因。目的:评价TA2型商业纯钛、金合金、钴铬合金、钛合金及镍铬合金的体外耐腐蚀性能。方法:将TA2型商业纯钛、金合金、钴铬合金、钛合金及镍铬合金分别浸入人工唾液中,运用动电位极化技术测量5种材料在人工唾液中的自腐蚀电位和自腐蚀电流密度。结果与结论:5种合金的自腐蚀电位值由大到小排列顺序为金合金、商业纯钛、钛合金、钴铬合金、镍铬合金;金合金与纯钛电位较正,不易发生腐蚀;钛合金和钴铬合金居中,由于可以形成稳定氧化膜,具有较强的抗孔蚀和缝隙腐蚀能力;镍铬合金电位较负,则较容易发生溶解。5种合金的自腐蚀电流密度值排列顺序为金合金商业纯钛钛合金钴铬合金镍铬合金;金合金与纯钛电流密度值较小,达10-8,这表明金合金和纯钛的腐蚀速度较小,镍铬合金的腐蚀速度最大。结果说明金合金、纯钛是耐腐蚀性较好的材料,镍铬合金的腐蚀速度最大,应尽量避免用镍铬合金作为种植体上部结构。     

钛合金与骨结合力学负载衰退分离的评价

钛合金与骨结合力学负载衰退分离的评价［英］／Ｋａｚｕｔａｋ…／／ＪＢｉｏｍｅｄＭａｔｅｒＲｅｓ，１９９５，２９．—１５７钛和钛合金（Ｔｉ—６Ａｌ—４Ｖ）通常作为经典的生物惰性材料与骨组织结合。其结合的力学情况至今仍不清楚。本研究是在非负载条件下，将钛...     

喷砂预处理钛合金表面类金刚石薄膜的制备及性能研究

目的利用等离子体增强化学气相沉积(plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition,PECVD)技术,在不同粗糙度医用钛合金表面制备类金刚石薄膜(diamond-like carbon film,DLC),并对类金刚石薄膜的膜-基结合力、电化学腐蚀行为及生物学行为进行研究,探索基底材料喷砂预处理对于表面制备的类金刚石薄膜是否是一种有效改性方法。方法通过不同粒度的Al2O3在一定条件下喷砂钛合金表面,制备出不同粗糙度表面的钛合金片,采用PECVD技术在其表面制备类金刚石薄膜。通过扫描电子显微镜、X-射线光电子能谱仪、拉曼光谱仪、接触角测量仪、表面性能测试仪和电化学方法检测各组样品的物理化学性能表征;利用MTT比色法、荧光染色法进行薄膜表面生物学行为的评价。结果将DLC沉积在喷砂预处理的钛合金表面,可以明显增强类金刚石的膜-基结合力,最高达到45N;耐腐蚀性研究中,表面沉积DLC的钛合金实验组腐蚀电位均正向大于未沉积DLC的钛合金组(P0.05);生物学行为研究中,在60#Al2O3喷砂处理钛合金表面沉积DLC的S60实验组细胞增殖状况最佳,明显大于未喷砂S0组(P0.05)。结论将钛合金基底喷砂预处理后沉积DLC,可以提高类金刚石薄膜的膜-基结合力、耐腐蚀性及生物相容性,是一种有效的医用钛合金表面改性方法,具有潜在的临床应用价值。     

生物医用钛合金表面离子束辅助沉积氧化钛膜层

为改善钛合金(Ti6Al4V)的生物相容性,采用离子束辅助沉积(Ionbeamenhanceddeposition,IBED)技术制备了氧化钛膜层。结果表明钛合金上的膜层涂覆均匀,基体的铝和钒元素已经探测不到,膜层为含氮和沿(111)面取向的TiO相;膜层划痕实验的临界载荷为16.8N,膜层以塑性变形的方式破坏。     

医用钛合金材料表面改性对骨整合影响的研究进展

医用钛合金材料是临床应用中较为常见的骨科植入物材料之一,作为一种具备良好的生物相容性、耐腐蚀性以及机械强度的生物材料受到了学者的广泛关注。本文专注于PubMed和Web of Science数据库中的相关文献,着重论述4种不同的表面改性设计对医用钛合金材料骨整合性能的影响。在材料学结构设计不断创新和深入研究的背景下,针对医用钛合金材料表面改性设计对骨整合影响的研究发展现状进行综述。     

The effect of Pt and Pd alloying additions on the corrosion behavior of titanium in fluoride-containing environments

In this study, we examined the corrosion behaviors of pure titanium, the alloys Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-6Al-7Nb, and the new experimental alloys Ti-Pt and Ti-Pd using anodic polarization and corrosion potential measurements in an environment containing fluoride. Before and after immersion in the test solutions, we made observations using a scanning electron microscope. The test solutions included an artificial saliva containing 0.2% NaF (corresponding to 905 ppm F) and an artificial saliva with a low concentration of oxygen. Although the surfaces of the Ti-Pt and Ti-Pd alloys were not affected by an acidic environment containing fluoride, the surfaces of the pure titanium, the Ti-6Al-4V alloy, and the Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy were markedly roughened by corrosion. The surfaces of the pure titanium, the Ti-6Al-4V alloy, and the Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy were microscopically damaged by corrosion when they were immersed in the solution containing a low concentration of dissolved oxygen, even with a fluoride concentration included in the commercial dentifrices. In this situation, however, the surfaces of the new Ti-Pt and Ti-Pd alloys were not affected. These alloys are expected to be of use in dental work as new titanium alloys with high corrosion resistances.     

Fretting corrosion behaviour of ball-and-socket joint on dental implants with different prosthodontic alloys

The fretting corrosion of five materials for implant suprastructures (cast-titanium, machined-titanium, gold alloy, silver-palladium alloy and chromium-nickel alloy), was investigated in vitro, the materials being galvanically coupled to a titanium ball-and-socket-joint with tetrafluoroethylene under mechanical load. Various electrochemical parameters (E(corr), i(corr), Evans diagrams, polarization resistance and Tafel slopes) were analyzed. The microstructure of the different dental materials was observed before and after corrosion processes by optical and electron microscopy. It can be observed that the mechanical load produces an important decrease of the corrosion resistance. The cast and machined titanium had the most passive current density at a given potential and chromium-nickel alloy had the most active critical current density values. The high gold content alloys have excellent resistance corrosion, although this decreases when the gold content is lower in the alloy. The palladium alloy had a low critical current density due to the presence of gallium in this composition but a selective dissolution of copper-rich phases was observed through energy dispersive X-ray analysis.     

In vitro corrosion of Ti-6Al-4V and type 316L stainless steel when galvanically coupled with carbon.

In vitro corrosion experiments were conducted employing potentiostatic polarization techniques, a saline environment and candidate biomaterial alloy/carbon combinations. Corrosion currents and potentials of carbon/metal couples were predicted by mixed-potential theory utilizing the polarization curves generated. The alloys examined were annealed ELI grade Ti-6A1-4V and cold-worked 316L stainless steel while the types of carbon examined were LTI pyrolytic carbon and vapor-deposited carbon. It was determined that galvanic couples of carbon to cold-worked 316L stainless steel with carbon/metal area ratios of 10:1 to 100:1 produced coupled corrosion potentials in the range of the observed breakdown potential of the stainless steel. It was therefore predicted that localized corrosion in the form of pitting could occur on the cold-worked stainless steel when coupled to carbon with area ratios of 10:1 or greater. The titanium alloy did not exhibit a breakdown potential up to a potential of 1.2 V. Therefore, accelerated corrosion was not predicted for the titanium alloy to carbon galvanic couples under these experimental conditions. Direct carbon/alloy coupling experiments were conducted to verify the corrosion currents and potentials predicted from mixed-potential theory and polarization curve analysis. The experimental and theoretical values showed good agreement.     

Laser Induced Nitrogen Enhanced Titanium Surfaces for Improved Osseo-Integration

The osseo-integration, corrosion resistance, and tribological properties of the commonly used bioimplant alloy Ti–6Al–4V were enhanced using a laser-based surface nitridation process. The biomedical properties of the laser nitrided Ti–6Al–4V were investigated using experimental and computational methodologies. Electrochemical analysis of laser nitrided titanium in simulated body fluid (SBF) was performed to assess the biomedical characteristics in near-human body conditions. Additionally, the corrosive wear performance of these laser nitrided samples was evaluated using pin-on-disk geometry with a zirconia pin counter surface in SBF to mimic the biological scenario. Osteoblast studies were conducted to evaluate cell affinity towards titanium nitrided bioimplant material. Cells adhered to all substrates, with high viability. Initial cell adhesion was revealed by focal adhesion formation on all substrates. Cells can proliferate on samples treated with 1.89 and 2.12 × 10⁶ J/m² laser conditions, while those treated with 1.70 × 10⁶ J/m² inhibited proliferation. Thus, microstructural and phase observations, electrochemical analyses, corrosive wear evaluation, and cell behavior analysis of laser nitrided surface of bioimplant material (Ti–6Al–4V) indicated that laser nitriding greatly improves the performance of bioimplant material.     

The influence of niobium and vanadium on passivity of titanium-based implants in physiological solution

Surface films play a key role in corrosion and osteointegration processes of titanium-based orthopedic implants. The influence of niobium and vanadium as alloying elements on titanium alloy passivity have been investigated in Hanks' Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS), at 37 degrees C and pH 6.9.Ti6Al4V and Ti6Al6Nb have been considered. The excellent passivating properties of the anodically formed Ti(IV)-based surface oxide film and high corrosion resistance of the Ti6Al6Nb alloy have been attributed to the stabilizing effect of Nb(5+) cations on the passive film, by annihilation of stoichiometric defects (anion vacancies) caused by the presence of titanium suboxides. Localized corrosion sensitivity of the Ti6Al4V alloy has been correlated to the dissolution of vanadium at the surface film/electrolyte interface coupled with generation of cation vacancies and their diffusion through the film as a part of the solid-state diffusion process. The presence of a high concentration of chloride ions (0.15gl(-1)) in HBSS further accelerates these processes.     

Titanium alloy mini-implants for orthodontic anchorage: immediate loading and metal ion release

Removable osseointegrated titanium mini-implants were successfully used as anchorage devices in orthodontics. The early load is necessary to simplify the mini-implant methodology, but can lead to failure during osseointegration. The Ti-6Al-4V alloy was used instead of commercially pure Ti due to its superior strength. However, the corrosion resistance is low, allowing for metal ion release. The purpose of this work was to analyze the immediately loaded mini-implant fixation and to gauge the vanadium ion release during the healing process. Titanium alloy mini-implants were inserted in the tibiae of rabbits. After 1, 4 and 12 weeks, they were submitted to removal torque testing. There was no increase in the removal torque value between 1 and 4 weeks of healing, regardless of the load. Nevertheless, after 12 weeks, a significant improvement was observed in both groups, with the highest removal torque value for the unloaded group. The kidney, liver and lung were also extracted and analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry. In comparison with the control values, the content of vanadium increased slightly after 1week, significantly increased after 4 weeks and decreased slightly after 12 weeks, without reaching the 1 week values. A stress analysis was carried out which enables both the prediction of the torque at which commercially pure (CP) Ti and Ti-6Al-4V deform plastically and the shear strength of the interface. This analysis reveals that the removal torques for CP Ti dangerously approach the yield stress. The results of this rabbit model study indicate that titanium alloy mini-implants can be loaded immediately with no compromise in their stability. The detected concentration of vanadium did not reach toxic levels in the animal model.