衡水地区职工体检者肝功、肾功、血脂、血糖检测结果分析

目的 了解衡水地区企事业单位职工的肝功、肾功、血脂、血糖的情况,为疾病的预防、医疗和保健提供依据.方法 选取2014年8月1日至2014年12月31日间我院采集的体检标本5836例作为研究对象,采用美国贝克曼DxC 600i全自动生化分析仪进行肝功两项、肾功三项、血脂四项和血糖的检测,并将性别及年龄对检测结果的影响进行回顾性分析.结果 5836例体检人群中,各项的异常检出率分别为甘油三酯28.31％,总胆固醇19.19％,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇7.98％,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇17.01％,谷丙转氨酶6.21％,谷草转氨酶3.10％,尿素氮2.56％,尿酸4.49％,肌酐0.58％,血糖7.06％.男性职工的谷丙转氨酶和尿酸的异常检出率稍高于女性;而女性职工血脂血糖的异常检出率高于男性,尤其是老年组.结论 衡水地区企事业单位职工的肝功、肾功、血脂、血糖都有一定的异常检出率,通过定期体检,可以使其及时了解自身的健康状况,降低由此引起的高血压、高血脂、心脑血管等疾病.     

Cardiovascular Function During Pre-Avoidance, Avoidance, and Post-Avoidance in Dogs

Four dugs, implanted with aortic blood flow probes and catheters, were trained to press a panel during signalled shock avoidance and switched to an hour of Sidman avoidance per day for a minimum of 10 days, Cardiovascular function (heart rate=HR; stroke volume=SV: blood pressure = BP; cardiac output = CO; total peripheral resistance =TPR; and maximum aortic (dp/dt) was determined during the hour preceding avoidance, during avoidance, and during a 10 min post-avoidance period, Data from 4 dogs were analyzed. Two behaviorally reactive dogs showed elevated BP due to increased TPR during pre-avoidance and increased CO during avoidance. Increases in SV. HR. and dp/dt, most pronounced at the beginning of avoidance, suggest a change in left ventricular function. Intercorrelations between HR and dp/dt revealed apparent influences of the Frank-Starting mechanism during pre-avoidance, and cardiac contractility during avoidance. The 2 remaining animals were less reactive and showed only some of the patterns consistently seen in the 2 more reactive dogs. The data were discussed in terms, of obtaining a model for early stages of human hypertension.     

Effects of fermented cottonseed meal on growth performance,serum biochemical parameters,immune functions,antioxidative abilities,and cecal microflora in broilers

The study was to investigate the effects of fermented cottonseed meal (FCSM) on growth performance, serum biochemical parameters, immune functions, antioxidative abilities, and cecal microflora in broilers. The cottonseed meal (CSM) was fermented with Bacillus subtilis ST-141 and Saccharomycetes N5. Hundred and twenty-eight one-day-old male Arbor Acres broilers were randomly divided into four groups: a corn-soybean meal (SBM) basal diet, and three experimental diets (CSM, FCSM-1, and FCSM-2) in which the control diet was supplemented with CSM or FCSM to partially replace SBM. Results showed that the fermentation process can effectively decrease free gossypol level, and increase acid-soluble protein level in CSM. The levels of immunoglobulin, biochemical parameters, antioxidative abilities in serum or liver tissue, and Lactobacilli and total anaerobic bacteria counts in ceca digesta of birds fed FCSM-1 were improved compared with birds fed CSM or FCSM-2 on days 21 and 42. So FCSM can be effectively applied in broiler diets.     

Annual patterns of luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, testosterone and inhibin in normal men

Reproductive functions in most animals demonstrate seasonalfluctuations that allow young to be born at a time of the yearfavourable for their survival. Whether there is a seasonal changein the human reproductive system is unclear. In the presentstudy, we measured serum concentrations of luteinizing hormone,follicle stimulating hormone, testosterone and inhibin in thesame 16 normal men sampled monthly for 1 year. A statisticallysignificant increase in all four measured hormones was foundin June, with a nadir in August. Our findings suggest that acircannual rhythm of gonadotrophins and testicular hormonesexists in normal men. The mechanism leading to this rhythm andthe importance of the rhythm in human biology are unknown.     

Viral persistence: parameters, mechanisms and future predictions

For a virus to persist, it must actively curtail the host's antiviral immune response. Here, we review the conceptual basis by which this can occur and discuss the subsequent fate of differentiated cells infected over long periods of time. We also consider how the compromised antiviral immune response can be revigorated or replaced with a potent response that purges the virus and thereby terminates persistent infection.     

Bopindolol, pindolol, and atenolol in patients with chronic obstructive lung disease

Summary Twelve subjects with chronic obstructive lung disease and a partially reversible obstruction received increasing single doses of bopindolol (1, 2, 4, and 8 mg), pindolol (7.5, 15, and 30 mg), and atenolol (50 and 100 mg). Resting heart rate and blood pressure were reduced in a dose-dependent fashion. The actions of the drugs on lung function were assessed by whole body plethysmography. Pindolol did not influence mean airway resistance (R _aw). Bopindolol (1, 2 and 4 mg) and atenolol (50 mg) exhibited a neutral effect on meanR _aw. Atenolol (100 mg) and to a lesser extent bopindolol (8 mg) induced a long-lasting increase in mean R_aw.Abbreviations R_aw airway resistance - HR heart rate     

Hepatitis C infection, Cognition, and inflammation in an Egyptian sample

Chronic hepatitis C (HCV) infection is associated with cognitive impairments which might be mediated through a secondary inflammatory cascade. Egypt has an unusually high prevalence of HCV monoinfections and is an ideal site for the study of the isolated effects of HCV infection. Therefore, in a hospital‐based cross‐sectional study based in Egypt, this study compared cognitive functioning and serum markers of inflammation in 11 HCV positive cases and 14 HCV negative controls. The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test was used to assess cognitive flexibility and the Brief Visuospatial Memory Test‐Revised was used to assess learning and memory. Circulating levels of soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor II (sTNFR‐II), monocyte chemotactic protein‐1 (MCP‐1/CCL2), and soluble CD14 (sCD14) were determined as indices of inflammation. HCV positive cases had higher levels of sTNFR‐II (t = ?3.5, P = 0.002). HCV positive cases also had significantly worse cognitive flexibility with higher number of total errors (t = ?2.18, P = 0.04), and preservative responses (t = ?2.12, P = 0.05), and lower number of conceptual level responses (t = 1.32, P = 0.04) on the Wisconsin Card Sorting test. In conclusion, results from this pilot study indicate that HCV+ patients have worse cognitive performance and somewhat greater inflammatory activity as compared to controls. The increased inflammation may be associated with the cognitive impairments observed in these HCV+ patients. J. Med. Virol. 83:261–266, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

Choline acetyltransferase expression in rat prefrontal cortex and hippocampus after acute and chronic exposure to amisulpride,haloperidol, and risperidone

Recently, there has been an increasing concern that atypical antipsychotics as well as typical ones may cause detrimental effects on cognitive function. Supporting evidence comes from many preclinical studies demonstrating that long-term administration of haloperidol, risperidone, and ziprasidone reduced choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) expression in rat hippocampus (HIP). However, to the best of our knowledge, no studies have examined the effects of amisulpride on ChAT expression in rats. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of acute and chronic administration of amisulpride, haloperidol, and risperidone on ChAT expression in the rat prefrontal cortex (PFC) and HIP. Animals received daily intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of amisulpride (5 or 100 mg/kg), haloperidol (1 or 2 mg/kg), risperidone (1 or 2 mg/kg) or vehicle for 7 or 45 days. One day after the last injection, rats were sacrificed. ChAT immunoreactivity was assessed with immunofluorescence staining. Target areas of brain were PFC and HIP (CA1, CA3 and DG). The short-term administration of haloperidol and risperidone produced significant decrease of ChAT immunoreactivity in the PFC and HIP compared to vehicle whereas amisulpride had no effects on ChAT immunoreactivity in the PFC and HIP. In long-term study, haloperidol and risperidone decreased ChAT-positive cells and/or fiber pixel density in the PFC and HIP whereas amisulpride decreased ChAT-positive cells in the PFC and had no effects on fiber pixel density of ChAT in the HIP. The results suggest that both short-term and long-term administration of haloperidol and risperidone, and long-term administration of amisulpride may produce detrimental effects on cognitive function by reducing ChAT expression in the PFC and/or HIP.     

Regulatory B cells: Development,phenotypes, functions,and role in transplantation

The interest in regulatory B cells (Bregs) began in the 1970s with the evidence that B cells could downregulate the immune system by the production of “inhibitory” antibodies. Subsequently, a series of results from different studies have emphasized that B cells have antibody‐independent immunoregulatory functions. Since then, different subsets of B cells with regulatory functions and their development and mechanisms of action have been identified both in human and in animal models of inflammation, transplantation, and autoimmunity. The present review outlines the suggested pathways by which Bregs develop, describes the different subsets of Bregs with their phenotypes and function as well as their role in transplantation, highlighting the differences between human and animal studies throughout.     

The relationship of intelligence to executive function and non-executive function measures in a sample of average, above average, and gifted youth

This study explores the relationship of intelligence to the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Stroop Color-Word Test, Oral Word Fluency Test, Design Fluency Test, Trail Making Test, contrasted with Rey Complex Figure Test, Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, Wide Range Achievement Test, and Underlining Test in average, above average and gifted children. Full-Scale IQ was significantly related to Wisconsin Card Sort Perseverative and Non-Perseverative Errors, Stroop Color-Word Test, Color-Word condition, Controlled Oral Word Fluency, Design Fluency, Rey Complex Figure, and Underlining conditions but not Trails or Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test. MANCOVA's show gifted children outperformed other children on the executive but not the non-executive tests. Finally, the nature of the neuropsychological/IQ relationship was explored by further analyses.     

海南省医学生疏离感与家庭功能、自尊的关系

目的:了解海南省医学生的疏离感水平,并探讨其与家庭功能和自尊的关系.方法:采用青少年学生疏离感量表、家庭功能评定量表以及Rosenberg自尊量表,通过方便取样对海南医学院268名本科生进行问卷调查.采用相关分析和回归分析探讨疏离感与家庭功能和自尊的关系.结果:海南省医学生疏离感总均分为2.84分,社会疏离感均分最高,为3.28分,其次是环境疏离感,得分为3.25分,人际疏离感得分最低,为2.75分.在人际疏离感维度方面,独生子女医学生得分低于非独生子女医学生得分(t=-2.075,P＜0.05);女生在家庭功能的问题解决(t=2.040,P＜0.05)、角色(t=2.769,P＜0.01)和情感反应(t=2.961,P＜0.01)维度均显著低于男生;独生子女医学生的自尊得分高于非独生子女医学生(t=2.714,P＜0.01).相关分析显示,总的疏离感与家庭功能总的功能得分呈正相关(r=0.378,P＜0.01),总的疏离感与自尊得分呈负相关(r=-0.534,P＜0.01),家庭功能总的功能与自尊得分呈负相关(r=-0.301,P＜0.01).回归分析表明,家庭功能与自尊可以共同解释疏离感32.7％的变异.结论:海南省医学生的总体疏离感水平不明显,自尊水平相对较高,医学生疏离感与家庭功能和自尊两两相关显著,家庭功能和自尊对疏离感有预测作用.     

Immunosuppressive effects of triclosan,nonylphenol, and DDT on human natural killer cells in vitro

Human natural killer (NK) cells are a first-line immune defense against tumor cells and virally-infected cells. If their function is impaired, it leaves an individual more susceptible to cancer development or viral infection. The ability of compounds that contaminate the environment to suppress the function of NK cells could contribute to the increased risk of cancer development. There are a wide spectrum of compounds that significantly contaminate water and food that are consumed by humans, leading to accumulation of some of these compounds in human tissues. In the current study, we examined the ability of three such compounds to diminish the function of human NK cells. Triclosan (TC) is an antimicrobial agent used in a large number of antibacterial soaps. Nonylphenol (NP) is a degradation product of compounds used as surfactants and as stabilizers in plastics. 4,4′-Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) is a pesticide that is mainly used to control mosquitoes. The compounds were examined for their ability to suppress NK function following exposures of 1?h, 24?h, 48?h, and 6 days. Each agent was able to substantially decrease NK lytic function within 24?h. At a concentration of 5?µM, both TC and NP inhibited NK lytic function by 87 and 30%, respectively; DDT decreased function by 55% at 2.5?µM. The negative effects of each of these compounds persisted and/or intensified following a brief (1?h) exposure to the compounds, indicating that the impairment of function cannot be eliminated by removal of the compound under in vitro conditions.     

Stressed Power Motivation,Sympathetic Activation,Immune Function,and Illness

Abstract

Previous research has reported that individuals high in the need for Power, high in inhibition, and high in power stress (the HHH group) are more likely than other individuals to report more severe illnesses. The present study investigates the possibility that the mechanism underlying this relationship is greater sympathetic activation in the HHH group which has an immunosuppressive effect. College males with the HHH syndrome reported more frequent and more severe illnesses than other individuals, as in previous studies. More of the HHH than other subjects also showed above average epinephrine excretion rates in urine and below average concentrations of immunoglobulin A in saliva (S-IgA). Furthermore, higher rates of epinephrine excretion were significantly associated with lower S-IgA concentrations, and lower S-IgA concentrations were significantly associated with reports of more frequent illnesses. The findings are interpreted as consistent with the hypothesis that a strong need for Power, if it is inhibited and stressed, leads to chronic sympathetic overactivity which has an immunosuppressive effect making individuals characterized by this syndrome more susceptible to illness.     

肝硬化患者尿蛋白和血浆CGRP及内皮素的变化

探讨肝硬化肾功能减退的影响因素。测定54例肝硬化患者和22例正常人尿白蛋白（A1b)、转铁蛋白（TRF）含量、血浆降钙素基因相关肽（CGRP）和内皮素（ET）浓度。尿A1b、TRF含量和血浆CGRP、ET浓度在肝硬化组显著高于正常对照组；有产肾血浆流量下降组显著高于未下降组；且在肝功能ChildA、B、C级各组中依次升高。4例血清肌酐异常肝硬化患者尿A1b、TRF含量极显著升高。肝硬化可合并肾小球损害，包括血浆CGRP、ET可能均与肾功能改变有关。     

Age-dependent alterations in the structurally determined vascular resistance,pre- to postglomerular resistance ratio and glomerular filtration capacity in kidneys,as studied in aging normotensive rats and spontaneously hypertensive rats

Maximally dilated renal vascular beds of 13-month-old NCR and SHR were compared to explore how aging respectively longstanding primary hypertension structurally alters total renal resistance, pre-/postglomerular resistance ratio and maximal glomerular filtration capacity, as measured per unit kidney weight. According to comparisons of 1.5- and 3.5-month-old NCR and SHR (Folkow et al. 1977). a structurally increased pre-/postglomerular resistance ratio rapidly resets the renal “longterm barostat function” in SHR to match the 30–40% pressure rise, thereby increasing total renal resistance 15–20%, while filtration capacity is unaltered so far. In NCR aging to 13 months hardly alters arterial pressure, but increases total renal resistance 10–15%, mainly affecting postglomerular vessels, while filtration capacity is reduced 25%. 13-month-old SHR show an additional 15% pressure rise and–relative to agematched NCR–a further 35% reduction of filtration capacity with a 30–35% increase of total renal resistance, which mainly affects the postglomerular vessels as the resistance ratio is now barely above that in NCR. Thus, advancing SHR hypertension seems to start a renal vicious circle, because accentuated reductions of filtration capacity are parallelled by structural postglomerular resistance increases, apparently to maintain GFR by raised filtration pressure which, however, accelerates glomerular deterioration.