用CL法和微量MPO法观察人参皂甙对人PMN吞噬杀菌…

采用化学发光（ＣＬ）法和髓过氧化物酶（ＭＰＯ）微量测定法检测了人参茎叶皂甙对人多形核白细胞（ＰＭＮ）吞噬金黄色葡萄球菌的影响。实验结果表明，人参茎叶皂甙作用过的ＰＭＮ－ＣＬ反应（ＣＬ３０和Ｐｅａｋ）和ＭＰＯ释放水平均增强，对ＣＬ３０与ＣＦＵ、ＭＰＯ与ＣＦＵ行直线相关分析均呈密切相关（ｒ＝０．９５８，ｐ＜０．００１；ｒ＝０．８７５，ｐ＜０．０１）。本实验提示，ＰＭＮ－ＣＬ法和ＭＰＯ微量测定法是研究药     

几种中药提取成分对人PMN吞噬杀菌功能的影响

用人参茎叶皂甙、黄芪多糖、云芝胞内多糖、猪苓多糖及阿魏酸钠预先处理分离的人ＰＭＮ，测定ＰＭＮ吞噬杀伤金黄色葡萄球菌时的ＣＬ值（３０分种积分值和峰值，ＣＬ３０及Ｐｅａｋ）和ＭＰＯ水平。结果表明，人参茎叶皂甙、黄芪多糖、云芝胞内多糖和猪苓多糖在一定浓度范围内对人ＰＭＮ的ＣＬ和ＭＰＯ水平均有明显增强作用（Ｐ＜０．０１），而阿魏酸钠则抑制ＰＭＮ的ＣＬ和ＭＰＯ水平（Ｐ＜０．０１）。这表明人参茎叶皂甙、云芝胞内多糖、猪苓多糖和黄芪多糖均能增强人ＰＭＮ的吞噬杀菌能力，阿魏酸钠则抑制人ＰＭＮ的吞噬杀菌能力。     

NIDDM患者中性粒细胞膜流动性的改变及其影响因素

目的检测６５例非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病（ＮＩＤＤＭ）患者中性粒细胞（ＰＭＮ）膜流动性（ＭＦ）的改变,探讨这种改变与年龄、病程、ＢＭＩ、ＦＢＧ、ＰＢＧ、ＴＧ、ＴＣ、ＷＢＣ、ＲＢＣ、ＰＬＴ、ＧＰＩ的相关关系。方法６５例无酮症及感染的ＮＩＤＤＭ患者,３０例性别、年龄、ＢＭＩ相匹配的正常人为对照,以ＤＰＨ为探针测定其ＰＭＮ的荧光偏振值（ρ）,并计算相应的细胞膜流动性、膜脂各向异性及微粘度,对ＰＭＮ ρ值的影响因素进行分析。结果１ＮＩＤＤＭ患者的ＰＭＮｐ值显著高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）,ＰＭＮ　ＭＦ明显低于对照组（Ｐ<０．０５）,ＰＭＮ膜脂各向异性及微粘度均显著升高（Ｐ<０．０１）。 ２ ＰＭＮ ＭＦ与ＦＢＧ、ＰＢＧ呈负相关（ｒ＝－０．３４１７,ｒ＝－０．３２３７,Ｐ<０．０５）,与ＧＰＩ相关性显著（ｒ＝－０．３９１３,Ｐ<０．０５）,与年龄、病程、ＢＭＩ、ＷＢＣ、ＲＢＣ、ＰＬＴ、ＴＧ、ＴＣ无相无性。结论ＮＩＤＤＭ患者ＰＭＮ的ＭＦ下降,显示ＤＭ患者ＰＭＮ膜的物理性质有明显改变;ＰＭＮ ＭＦ下降与血糖升高、血清蛋白糖化程度增加有关。     

多形核白细胞在内毒素休克时肝组织损伤中的作用

家兔输注内毒素０．３ｍｇ／ｋｇ复制内毒素休克模型。输注４ｈｒ以后ＰＭＮ吞噬发光和Ｏ＾－２生成呈持续升高（Ｐ＜０．０５～０．０１），同时激活的ＰＭＮ释放氧自由基损伤肝细胞，引起肝细胞内ＭＤＡ含量和培养上清ＬＤＨ活性升高（Ｐ＞０．０５～０．０１）。体外内毒素与ＰＭＮ共孵，ＰＭＮ吞噬发光和Ｏ＾－２生成呈先升高后回降的变化，经内毒素在体外激活的ＰＭＮ也能明显引起肝细胞内ＭＤＡ含量和上清ＬＤＨ活性升高（Ｐ＜     

糖皮质激素受体阻断对大鼠白细胞粘附的作用

目的明确ＧＲ阻断后对白细胞粘附的作用及可能的作用机制。方法１．在体实验。观察肠系膜微循环白细胞贴壁粘附数。 ２．高体实验。（１）ＰＭＮ与玻璃珠粘附;ＰＭＮ粘附率（％）粘附：ＰＭＮ粘附率（％）＝粘附前ＰＭＮ计数一洗脱液ＰＭＮ计数（３）ＰＭＮ粘附 粘附前ＰＭＮ计数分子ＣＤ１８：ＥＬＩＳＩＡ检测;（４）ＣＤ１８表达和ＰＭＮ与ＩＣＡＭ－１包被磁珠粘附的关系：ＰＭＮ与ＩＣＡＭ－１包被磁珠粘附,同时测定ＣＤ１８表达。结果１．在体实验。对照组仅有少量白细胞贴壁粘附（２．５０±２．１７）,阻断ＧＲ后白细胞贴壁粘附±Ｄｅｘ组的粘附率与ＴＮＦ组相比无显著差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）,Ｄｅｘ±ＴＮＦ组的粘附率与ＴＮＦ组相比有下降趋势．但差异不显著。ＴＮＦ＋Ｄｅｘ＋ＲＵ４８６组的粘附率与ＴＮＦ组和对照组相比均有差异（分别是 Ｐ＜０． ０５,Ｐ＜０． ０１）。 ２． ＰＭＮ与 ＥＣ粘附： ＴＮＦ组与ＴＮＦ＋Ｄｅｘ组结果同ＰＭＮ与玻璃珠粘附。Ｄｅｘ＋ＴＮＦ组的粘附率与ＴＮＦ组相比差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０５）。ＴＮＦ＋Ｄｅｘ＋ＲＵ４８６组的粘附率与对照组相差十分显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）,与ＴＮＦ组相比,两者无明显差异。３．ＰＭＮ与ＩＣＡＭ－１包被磁珠粘附：ＴＮＦ     

尿毒症患者多形核白细胞糖皮质激素受体与趋化移动的改变及意义

应用放射配体结合分析，检测尿毒症患者外周血多形核白细胞（ＰＭＬ）的糖皮质激素受体（ＧＲ），尿毒症患者ＰＭＬＧＲ的最大结合容量（Ｂｍａｘ）明显低于对照组，而其解离常数（Ｋｄ）比对照组的显著升高。同时检测ＧＲ的效应指标：皮质醇（Ｆ）对ＰＭＬ的趋化移动（ＣｈｔＭ）的抑制率（ＦＩ），Ｆ对ＣｈｔＭ的ＦＩ明显低于对照组，与降低的ＧＲ呈正相关（ｒ＝０．７８５，Ｐ＜０．０１）．尿毒症患者ＰＭＬ的ＧＲ降低的同时，伴效应指标的改变，表明ＧＲ的降低具有临床意义。尿毒症患者ＰＭＬ的随机移动（ＲＭ）和ＣｈｔＭ均明显降低，提示白细胞功能降低。     

抗氧化剂PDTC抑制氧化的低密度脂蛋白诱导的人肾小球系膜细胞NF_(-k)B活化

目的 研究氧化的低密度脂蛋白（Ｏｘ－ＬＤＬ）对体外培养的人肾小球系膜细胞（ＨＭＣ）核因子－ＫＢ（ＮＦ－ＫＢ）活化的影响，以及抗氧化剂毗咯二硫氨基甲酸酯（Ｐ ＤＴＣ）对ＮＦ－ＫＢ活化的抑制作用，探讨ＯＸ－ＬＤＬ介导肾损害的基因调控机制及抗氧化剂ＰＤＴＣ防治脂质肾损害的可能性。方法 将Ｏｘ－ＬＤＬ或ＰＤＴＣ与ＨＭＣ共培养后，提取细胞核蛋白进行凝胶迁移率变动分析（ＥＭＳＡ）检测ＮＦ－ＫＢ的活化，用细胞ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测细胞内ＩＫＢα蛋白含量的变化，反映ＩＫＢα的降解及免疫组化染色检测细胞内的Ｐ６５向核转位。结果 正常对照组未见ＮＦ－ＫＢ活化，当用不同浓度（１０、２５、５０及１００ｍｇ／Ｌ）的Ｏｘ－ＬＤＬ，刺激肾小球系膜细胞 ｌｈ后，均可引起细胞 ＮＦ－ＫＢ活化及 ＩＫＢα降解。与对只组相卜较差异显著（ｐ＜０．０５），以５０ｍｇ／Ｌ 的ＯＸ－ＬＤＬ刺激ＨＭＣ１ｈ，ＮＦ－ＫＢ活化及 ＩＫＢα降解最明显。ＮＦ－ＫＢ活化的同时，伴有Ｐ６５由胞浆向胞核的转位。１００μｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＰＤＴＣ，能明显抑制 ＮＦ－ＫＢ的活化、ＩＫＢα降解（ｐ＜０．０１）及 Ｐ６５的核转位。结论Ｏｘ－ＬＤＬ。能诱导ＨＭＣ的ＩＫＢαａ降解、Ｐ６５的核转位，最终使Ｎ     

锌在蚕噬细胞免疫功能中的作用

本文通过对断奶３天的Ｗｉｓｔｅｒ大鼠进行缺锌喂养，观察其在生长６周后体重，饲料效价、外周血白细胞（ＰＭＮ）及化学发光值（ＣＬ１）、腹腔吞噬细胞（Ｍφ）吞噬率、吞噬指数及化学发光值（ＣＬ２）的变化。发现缺锌大重增长及饲料效价均明显低于自由喂养组（Ｐ＜０．０１），外周血白细胞数明显低于自由喂养组（Ｐ＜０．０１）；腹腔吞噬细胞（Ｍφ）吞噬指数和吞噬率明显低于自由喂养组（Ｐ＜０．０１）；化学发光值ＣＬ１和     

地奥心血康对心肌缺血再灌犬血清肾上腺素含量，心脏指数及总外周血管阻力的影响

杂种犬随机分为地奥心血康治疗组（ＤＫＧ）及生理盐水对照组（ＣＧ）。应用荧光法测定血清去甲肾上腺素（ＮＥ）含量，定时测定平均动脉压（ＭＢＰ），心输出量（ＣＯ），计算总外周血管阻力（ＴＰＶＲ），心脏指数（ＣＩ）。结果显示：（１）再灌后的ＭＢＰ在ＤＫＧ与ＣＧ之间无明显差异，Ｐ＞０．０５；（２）再灌２４０ｍｉｎ时，ＤＫＧ中ＣＩ值高于ＣＧ（Ｐ＜０．０１）；ＮＥ值与ＴＰＶＲ值明显低于ＣＧ（Ｐ＜０．０５，Ｐ＜０．０１）；（３）ＤＫＧ中ＮＥ与ＣＩ无相关性，ＣＧ中二者呈负相关，ｒ＝－０．６８３１，Ｐ＜０．０１；（４）两组ＣＩ与ＴＰＶＲ均呈负相关，ｒ＿（ＣＧ）＝－０．７７８３，Ｐ＜０．００１，ｒ＿（ＤＫＧ）＝－０．５２１８，Ｐ＜０．００１。     

尿毒症患者多形核白细胞糖皮质激素受体与趋化移动的改变？…

应用放射配体结合分析，检测尿毒症患者外周血多形白细胞（ＰＭＬ）的糖皮质激素受体（ＧＲ），尿毒症患者ＰＭＬ ＧＲ的最大结合容量（Ｂａｍｘ）明显低于对照组，而其解离常数（Ｋｄ）比对照组的显著同。同时检测ＧＲ的效应指标：皮质醇（Ｆ）对ＰＭＬ的趋化移动（ＣｈｔＭ）的抑制率（ＦＩ），Ｆ对ＣｈｔＭ的ＦＩ明显低于对照组，与降低的ＧＲ呈正相关（ｒ＝０．７８５，Ｐ〈０．０１）。尿毒症患者ＰＭＬ的ＧＲ降低的同时，伴效     

Comparison of Candida killing activity measured by chemiluminescence and cytomorphological methods in human phagocytes

Phagocyte function can be assayed by many laboratory tests including a cytomorphological method that uses Candida cells as target. The aim of this study was to correlate this technique with the production of toxic oxygen metabolites, measured by chemiluminescence (CL). The biological function of polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells and monocytes from the blood of 24 normal subjects and 25 patients with immunodeficiency diseases were studied. CL was measured using opsonized zymosan as the stimulating agent and, for the evaluation of Candida killing activity, C. pseudotropicalis and C. albicans were used as targets. A linear correlation between CL and lytic activity was observed with both PMN and monocytes from normal subjects and patients (r = 0.563 to 0.955; P less than 0.05 to less than 0.001). Our results indicate that the production of toxic oxygen metabolites, as measured by CL is closely related to the killing of Candida by PMN and monocytes.     

小儿支气管肺炎患者中性粒细胞吞噬及细胞内杀菌功能与脂质过氧化关系的探讨

目的：探讨了小儿支气管肺炎患者血液中性粒细胞吞噬及细胞内杀菌功能与脂质过氧化的关系。方法：采用普通酵母菌对62例患者及35例正常人进行中性粒细胞吞噬和细胞内杀菌功能试验和化学比色法测定血浆丙二醛（MDA）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH—PX）含量，放免法测超氧化物歧化酶（SOD），并与35名正常健康人作比较。结果：小儿支气管肺炎患儿在治疗前中性粒细胞吞噬及细胞内杀菌功能均明显低于正常人（P〈0．01），S01）、GSH-PX低于正常人组（P〈0．01），而MDA显著地高于正常人组（P〈0．01），相关分析显示，中性粒细胞吞噬及细胞内杀菌功能与MDA呈显著负相关（r=-0．3118，-0．3024，P〈0．05），经10d治疗后则与正常人比较无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。结论：检测小儿支气管肺炎患儿血液中性粒细胞吞噬及细胞内杀菌功能与脂质过氧化的关系对临床诊断、治疗和预后观察有重要的临床价值。     

The selective augmentation by recombinant human tumour necrosis factor-alpha of neutrophil responses to pathogenic Escherichia coli.

Endotoxin release may amplify the neutrophil (PMN) responses to bacterial infection through the release of monocyte-derived tumour necrosis factor (TNF). The present study was designed to assess the effect of recombinant human TNF-alpha (rhTNF-alpha) on the in vitro response of human PMN to two defined strains of pathogenic Escherichia coli. In the absence of rhTNF-alpha, a P-fimbriate strain caused significant release of the PMN secondary granule marker vitamin B12-binding protein (B12 BP), and a low level of release of leukotriene B4 (LTB4). Type 1-fimbriate strain 504, however, stimulated the release of the primary granule marker myeloperoxidase (MPO) and PMN chemiluminescence (CL), in addition to B12 BP and LTB4 release. Following rhTNF-alpha (10(-9) M) pretreatment, the release of LTB4 by PMN stimulated with the P-fimbriate strain was synergistically augmented, while B12 BP and MPO release were additively increased. In contrast, rhTNF-alpha did not significantly affect any of the responses by the type 1-fimbriate strain. These results suggest selectivity in the priming of PMN by rhTNF-alpha and confirm the independence of PMN responses to phagocytic stimuli.     

髓过氧化物酶、CD11b和IL-8在哮喘大鼠模型中表达增加

目的观察哮喘模型大鼠中性粒细胞(PMN)CD11bI、L-8和髓过氧化物酶(MPO)的表达,探讨PMN在哮喘中的作用及其可能的机制。方法复制哮喘大鼠模型,随机分成哮喘组和对照组,分离纯化血PMN;免疫组化法检测MPO表达,ELISA法测定IL-8蛋白,流式细胞术测定血PMN CD11b表达,支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)行细胞计数。结果哮喘组肺组织和血PMN中MPO、CD11b及血PMN和BALF中IL-8的水平显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。哮喘组BALF中PMN和嗜酸性粒细胞计数显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论BALF中PMN数量增加及血中PMN和肺组织中CD11bI、L-8和MPO在哮喘时表达增加,他们可能参与了哮喘的炎症过程。     

In vitro effect of asbestos fibers on polymorphonuclear leukocyte function

Incubation of chrysotile and amphibole asbestos fibers with normal human peripheral blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) resulted in a significant stimulation of PMN metabolic activity and generation of toxic oxygen by-products as measured by chemiluminescence (CL). Although all asbestos fibers tested were cytotoxic to PMN, cytotoxicity and CL varied disproportionately with fiber type. Anthophyllite asbestos produced the greatest PMN cytotoxicity. It also depressed PMN phagocytosis of latex beads the most and induced the greatest PMN CL response of the fiber types examined. We postulate that asbestos-induced release of toxic oxygen by-products from PMN which have infiltrated into the pulmonary alveoli may contribute to disease pathogenesis in asbestosis.     

Antioxidation theory of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs based upon the inhibition of luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence from the myeloperoxidase reaction

The action of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) has been ascribed to their ability to block the reaction of arachidonate with cyclooxygenase/peroxidase, thus inhibiting the cellular production of inflammation mediators such as prostaglandins and leukotrienes. However, this and other polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) peroxidases such as myeloperoxidase (MPO) would still be capable of producing destructive oxidants which contribute to inflammation. Sulindac sulfide (Clinoril^® sulfide) has recently been shown to scavenge oxidant products of prostaglandin cyclooxygenase/peroxidase and MPO. The MPO–H₂O₂–Cl^– reaction is a potent antimicrobial/cytotoxic system which produces HOCl, a strong oxidant. MPO itself has the ability to oxidize drugs and cellular components, and may be the main oxidant in PMN defenses. An antioxidant/free radical scavenger action of NSAIDs against the MPO system could be a primary mechanism of their anti-inflammatory effects. Other antioxidant/free radical scavengers have anti-inflammatory effects.MPO activity has previously been quantified using chemiluminescence (CL). In this study, NSAIDs from various classes were tested for their ability to inhibit luminol-enhanced CL from MPO. The most potent NSAIDs against MPO-CL were BW755C, phenylbutazone, indomethacin and sulindac sulfide. Salicylates and arylacetic acid derivatives, such as naproxen, also decreased MPO-CL. These drugs are also effective against CL from PMNs, of which MPO may be a main source. This effect of NSAIDs on MPO suggests that NSAIDs may impair the killing mechanism of the PMN, preventing cell destruction and release of inflammation mediators. PMN MPO appears to be a target for the antioxidant/free radical scavenging effects of NSAIDs.     

体外循环期间中性粒细胞对心肌损伤作用的研究

本研究观察了１８例心脏手术体外循环期间中性粒细胞化学发光强度（ＰＭＮ－ＣＬ），中性粒细胞内髓过氧化物酶（ＭＰＯ）含量及血浆磷酸肌酸激酶同工酶（ＣＰＫ－ＭＢ）变化。结果显示再灌注后和ＣＰＫ－ＭＢ均显著升高，中性粒细胞内ＭＰＯ含量明显下降。表明：体外循环期间，中性粒细胞激活，参于了心肌缺血再灌注损伤。     

Effects of human interferon preparations on neutrophil function

We have studied effects of two partially purified human leukocyte (alpha) interferon (IFN) preparations (PIF-A and PIF-B) and a highly purified fibroblast (beta) IFN on the functional activity of normal human neutrophils (PMNs). In vitro, PIF-B conferred a significant and dose-dependent enhancement of chemiluminescence (CL) induced both by phagocytosis and a soluble stimulus, f-Met-Leu-Phe, and decreased killing of Staph. aureus. In contrast, PIF-A caused only a slight inhibition of bactericidal activity and had no effects on CL. beta-IFN had no effects on either bactericidal activity or CL. Migration under agarose was decreased with all of the IFN but phagocytosis and release of enzymes was not affected. PMNs from seven patients treated with PIF-A for multiple myeloma exhibited increased CL responses but no other PMN functions were affected. The findings that human IFN preparations affect PMN functions indicate that high-dose IFN therapy of immunocompromised patients should be carefully evaluated for the possibility of increased infectious complications.     

丙型肝炎患者红细胞免疫功能与脂质过氧化物和补体受体(CR1)粘附活性相关的研究

目的 :研究丙型肝炎患者红细胞免疫功能与脂质过氧化物和补体受体CR1水平的关系。方法 :应用红细胞酵母花环法测定红细胞免疫功能 ,化学法测定血浆丙二醛 (MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (GSH -PX)含量 ,红细胞免疫粘附法测定CR1含量 ,并与 35名正常健康人比较。结果 :5 8例丙型肝炎患者RBC -IC花环率和MDA水平明显高于正常人组 (P <0 .0 1) ,而RBC -C3b、SOD ,GSH -PX、CR1水平明显低于正常 (P <0 .0 1) ,相关分析显示 :RBC -C3b花环、CR1的水平与MDA呈显著的负相关 (r =- 0 .4 0 12 ,P <0 .0 5 ) ,RBC -IC与MDA呈正相关 (r =0 .6 12 4 ,P <0 .0 1)。结论 :丙型肝炎患者红细胞免疫粘附功能降低和CR1水平的下降与活性氧代谢紊乱密切相关。