The Actin and Tetraspanin Networks Organize Receptor Nanoclusters to Regulate B Cell Receptor-Mediated Signaling

1. Download : Download high-res image (299KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? In resting cells, the BCR and the coreceptor CD19 are organized in nanoclusters ? Differential compartmentalization of the BCR and CD19 is important for BCR signaling ? Disruption of the actin cytoskeleton triggers signaling through the BCR and CD19 ? This antigen-independent signaling requires CD19 organized by the tetraspanin network     

The transcription factor STAT3 is required for T helper 2 cell development

1. Download : Download high-res image (158KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? STAT3 is required for Th2 cell development and allergic inflammation ? STAT3 binds Th2 cell-associated genes ? STAT3 cooperates with STAT6 in promoting Th2 cell cytokine production ? STAT6 integrates opposing cytokine signals     

Positive and negative signaling through SLAM receptors regulate synapse organization and thresholds of cytolysis

1. Download : Download high-res image (226KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? SAP-deficient CTLs exhibit a selective defect in killing B cell targets ? SAP-deficient CTLs exhibit defects in T cell:B cell immune synapse organization ? In Sh2d1a^?/? CTLs, Ly108 recruits SHP-1 to the synapse and impairs TCR signaling ? Ly108 mediates positive and negative signals depending on SAP expression     

Distinct Roles for Neutrophils and Dendritic Cells in Inflammation and Autoimmunity in motheaten Mice

1. Download : Download high-res image (184KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? Mice with Shp1-deficient neutrophils develop inflammatory disease ? Inflammation results from enhanced neutrophil integrin signaling ? Mice with Shp1-deficient dendritic cells develop autoimmune disease ? Autoimmunity results from enhanced TLR signaling in dendritic cells     

Persistent Antigen and Germinal Center B Cells Sustain T Follicular Helper Cell Responses and Phenotype

1. Download : Download high-res image (217KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? The amount of antigen dictates the Tfh cell and germinal center B cell response ? Tfh cell and germinal center B cell numbers are highly interrelated ? Maintenance of Tfh cells requires persistent antigen and germinal center B cells ? Overstimulation of Tfh cells results in dysregulated antibody responses     

Selective utilization of Toll-like receptor and MyD88 signaling in B cells for enhancement of the antiviral germinal center response

1. Download : Download high-res image (196KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? Virus particles engage B cell TLRs to promote the germinal center IgG response ? Dendritic cell TLRs can promote antibody responses to soluble protein antigens     

Perivascular Mast Cells Dynamically Probe Cutaneous Blood Vessels to Capture Immunoglobulin E

1. Download : Download high-res image (111KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? Skin mast cells exhibit selective uptake of IgE from the blood ? Selective uptake is localized to perivascular mast cells ? Mast cells extend cellular processes to survey vascular contents and capture IgE     

Inflammatory Monocytes Recruited to Allergic Skin Acquire an Anti-inflammatory M2 Phenotype via Basophil-Derived Interleukin-4

1. Download : Download high-res image (148KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? Failure to recruit inflammatory monocytes results in exacerbated allergy ? Inflammatory monocytes can differentiate into anti-inflammatory M2-type macrophages ? Basophils play a crucial role in M2 differentiation via IL-4 production ? M2 macrophages can dampen allergic inflammation contrary to prevailing thought     

B cell receptor-mediated antigen gathering requires ubiquitin ligase Cbl and adaptors Grb2 and Dok-3 to recruit dynein to the signaling microcluster

1. Download : Download high-res image (298KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? Grb2, Dok-3 and Cbl recruit dynein to BCR microclusters for antigen gathering ? BCR microclusters localize to and move on the microtubule network ? Disruption of microtubule network or dynein recruitment abrogates antigen gathering     

Interleukin-9 Is Required for Allergic Airway Inflammation Mediated by the Cytokine TSLP

1. Download : Download high-res image (125KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? TSLP induces IL-9 from human and mouse Th9 cells ? TSLP enhances Th9-mediated allergic lung inflammation ? Blocking IL-9 attenuates TSLP-induced lung inflammation     

Angiotensin II Drives the Production of Tumor-Promoting Macrophages

1. Download : Download high-res image (217KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? AngII-AGTR1A signaling promotes splenic amplification of macrophage progenitors ? AngII retains HSCs and macrophage progenitors in spleen by repressing S1P₁ sensing ? Mouse NSCLC exploits the AngII pathway to amplify the macrophage response ? Controlling AngII production restrains tumor-promoting macrophage response in mice     

NLRX1 negatively regulates TLR-induced NF-κB signaling by targeting TRAF6 and IKK

1. Download : Download high-res image (159KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? NLRX1 negatively regulates Toll-like receptor-mediated NF-κB activation ? NLRX1 disassociates from TRAF6 and then binds to the IKK complex after stimulation ? NLRX1 knockdown enhances NF-κB activation and cytokine production after stimulation ? NLRX1 knockdown in mice enhances susceptibility to septic shock and plasma IL-6     

The E3-Ligase TRIM Family of Proteins Regulates Signaling Pathways Triggered by Innate Immune Pattern-Recognition Receptors

1. Download : Download high-res image (122KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? Nearly half of all 75 TRIM protein family members are innate immune enhancers ? TRIM mRNA expression and protein localization are complexly regulated during infection ? TRIMs confer differential regulation in distinct innate immune signaling pathways     

Using epigenetic mechanisms to understand the impact of common disease causing alleles

1. Download : Download high-res image (151KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? SNPs are associated with altered DNA methylation and chromatin accessibility. ? Autoimmune disease-associated SNPs may influence epigenetic features. ? Epigenomic studies may complement GWAS studies to find disease-associated SNPs.     

Structural analysis of the STING adaptor protein reveals a hydrophobic dimer interface and mode of cyclic di-GMP binding

1. Download : Download high-res image (265KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? The STING structure and its complex with c-di-GMP revealed a unique architecture ? This structure showed c-di-GMP bound to a mammalian protein ? STING aa 153–173 is not a transmembrane helix but a hydrophobic dimeric interface ? Binding of c-di-GMP enhanced the recruitment of TBK1 by STING     

Adaptor protein-3 in dendritic cells facilitates phagosomal toll-like receptor signaling and antigen presentation to CD4(+) T cells

1. Download : Download high-res image (218KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? AP-3 is selectively required for optimal MHC-II presentation of phagocytosed antigen ? AP-3-deficient dendritic cells induce impaired CD4⁺ T cell inflammatory responses ? AP-3 regulates TLR4 delivery to phagosomes and subsequent inflammatory signaling ? AP-3 regulates phagosomal peptide:MHC-II complex delivery to the cell surface     

Activation of the Innate Signaling Molecule MAVS by Bunyavirus Infection Upregulates the Adaptor Protein SARM1, Leading to Neuronal Death

1. Download : Download high-res image (266KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? Bunyavirus infection induces SARM1 upregulation in neurons ? SARM1 mediates bunyavirus-induced cell death via oxidative stress response ? SARM1 upregulation following virus infection in neurons is MAVS dependent ? SARM1 localizes with MAVS at the mitochondria and induces apoptosis     

Paired immunoglobin-like receptor-B regulates the suppressive function and fate of myeloid-derived suppressor cells

1. Download : Download high-res image (132KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? PIR-B controls MDSC biological functions and Treg cell activation ? PIR-A and PIR-B regulate MDSC differentiation to M1 versus M2 macrophages ? Blocking PIR-B signaling polarizes MDSCs to M1 phenotypes and enhances tumor killing ? PIR-A and PIR-B drive M1 switching by inhibiting STAT 3 and activating NF-kB pathways     

Caspase-8 Blocks Kinase RIPK3-Mediated Activation of the NLRP3 Inflammasome

1. Download : Download high-res image (170KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? Mice with caspase-8-deficient dendritic cells overproduce IL-1β in response to LPS ? These deficient dendritic cells show enhanced LPS-induced NLRP3 inflammasome assembly ? This caspase-8-deficiency effect depends on RIPK1 kinase activity and on RIPK3 ? RIPK1 and RIPK3 mediate this effect cell autonomously, with no dendritic cell death