儿童肾脏疾病263例临床病理分析

目的总结儿童肾脏疾病的临床资料、病理类型及两者间的关系。方法回顾性分析2015～2017年深圳市儿童医院接受经皮肾穿刺活检的263例肾脏疾病患儿的临床病理资料及部分患儿的基因检测结果。其中男性156例、女性107例,年龄2.1～15.5岁,平均8.6岁。结果 263例患儿中原发性肾小球疾病140例(53.23%),继发性肾小球疾病101例(38.40%),遗传性肾脏疾病22例(8.37%)。原发性肾小球疾病中最常见的临床诊断为血尿和(或)蛋白尿查因,其次为难治性肾病综合征;常见病理类型为IgA肾病,微小病变性肾病。继发性肾小球疾病中常见的临床表现为紫癜性肾炎、狼疮性肾炎;常见病理类型分别为局灶增生型紫癜性肾炎、弥漫节段增生性狼疮性肾炎。遗传性肾脏疾病中最常见的为薄基膜肾病和Alport综合征,部分遗传性肾脏疾病需依靠肾穿刺活检联合基因检测诊断。结论儿童肾脏疾病以原发性肾小球疾病为主,最常见的临床诊断和病理类型分别为血尿和(或)蛋白尿查因,微小病变性肾病。肾穿刺活检联合基因检查有助于及时明确治疗效果欠佳儿童肾脏疾病的病因,调整治疗方案。     

2013~2017年我院402例肾活检临床病理分析

目的 分析北部湾沿海钦州地区肾脏疾病临床及病理特点。方法 对广西钦州市第一人民医院2013年~2017年共402例肾活检患者的临床和病理资料进行回顾性分析。结果 402例肾活检患者,原发性肾小球疾病(PGN)297例,占73.88%;继发性肾小球疾病(SGN)88例,占21.89%。PGN病理分型中最常见为膜性肾病,其次为微小病变型肾病及IgA肾病,SGN中狼疮性肾炎居于首位,其次为乙肝相关性肾炎。结论 本地区肾活检患者临床表现以肾病综合征为主,PGN最常见的病理类型是膜性肾病,非肾病综合征最常见的病理类型是IgA肾病,本地区无症状尿检异常有肾活检指征患者检出率低。     

膜性肾病合并IgA肾病的临床病理特点

目的探讨膜性肾病合并IgA肾病的临床病理特点。方法回顾性研究北京大学第一医院肾内科和北京大学肾脏病研究所1998年1月—2006年4月问的肾活检病例9572例,对11例膜性肾病合并IgA肾病的临床病理特点进行分析,结合免疫电镜标记方法,对其病理诊断及发病机制进行探讨。结果11例患者以中年为发病高峰,平均年龄39．9岁,女性多于男性（男：女为1：2．9）,临床表现为蛋白尿,其中7例（63．6％）出现肾病综合征水平的蛋白尿,7例（63．6％）合并镜下血尿,肾功能均正常,除外了肝炎病毒感染、系统性红斑狼疮等继发性疾病。光镜下可见肾小球基底膜空泡变性和增厚,系膜细胞和基质轻度增生,2例可见少数肾小球伴有新月体形成。免疫荧光检查见IgG和c3颗粒样沿肾小球毛细血管壁沉积;IgA团块状在肾小球系膜区沉积。电镜检查可见肾小球上皮细胞下多数块状电子致密物沉积,系膜区可见团块状电子致密物沉积。免疫电镜标记结果显示,IgG定位于肾小球上皮细胞下的电子致密物,IgA定位于肾小球系膜区的电子致密物。结论膜性肾病合并IgA肾病兼具有膜性肾病和IgA肾病的临床病理特点,其发生过程可能为各自独立发生的两种疾病的叠加所致。     

隐匿性肾小球肾炎73例临床病理分析

目的观察疑诊为隐匿性肾小球肾炎（患者无自觉症状,蛋白尿和/或血尿,24 h尿蛋白定量〈1.0 g）患者的临床和病理类型,以便对病理类型较重者临床给予积极的干预治疗,以延缓肾脏病的进展。方法选择疑诊为隐匿性肾小球肾炎73例,发现尿异常至肾活检时间最短者6个月,最长5年零4个月,平均时间为3.0±2.3年,其中男39例,女34例,年龄14～62岁,平均年龄（36.0±12.3）岁。IgA肾病病理分级参考Hass分级1997,临床上进行内生肌酐清除率、血肌酐、免疫学和B超的测定。结果表现为单纯血尿最多见32例,占44%;蛋白尿合并血尿28例,占38%;单纯蛋白尿13例,占18%。其中12例内生肌酐清除率下降〈80 m l/m in,其中4例血肌酐升高并双肾萎缩。肾脏病理：73例中68例为原发性肾小球疾病,IgA肾病28例;非IgA系膜增生性肾小球肾炎22例;膜性肾病3例;轻微病变肾病4例;局灶增生性肾炎3例;局灶节段肾小球硬化6例;薄基膜肾病2例。继发性肾炎5例,其中狼疮性肾炎3例,紫癜性肾炎2例。结论隐匿性肾小球肾炎,临床上往往无任何症状,常常在体检中发现,一般预后良好,但部分病例预后不良,特别是病理类型较重者。因其特点隐匿,故不易引起注意,容易延误治疗,持续反复尿异常半年以上除外非肾小球因素引起的血尿,都应及早进行肾活检,对病理类型较重者应及早进行药物干预,延缓肾功能减退。     

不同性别IgA肾病患者相关临床指标及病理特点对比

目的 通过对不同性别IgA肾病患者临床指标及病理特点的对比,了解性别间相关指标的差异,为临床积极有效的治疗该病提供依据。方法 回顾性分析2017年1月1日~2018年8月30日我院经肾穿刺活检确诊的361例IgA肾病患者的临床资料,比较不同性别IgA肾病患者的临床资料、危险度分级、病理分级及免疫荧光分型。结果 不同性别IgA肾病患者年龄、病程、舒张压、水肿、血尿、蛋白尿、血尿+蛋白尿、白蛋白、IgA、IgG、IgM、IgE、C3、C4、IgA/C3、肾小球滤过率、血钾、血钙、血磷、APTT、PT、FIB、左肾及右肾大小比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;男性收缩压、血压高、肾功异常占比、胱抑素、肌酐、尿素、尿酸、甘油三脂、胆固醇、血钠、尿蛋白定量高于女性,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。不同性别IgA肾病患者在1~3级占比比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;男性IgA肾病患者在4级占比多于女性,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。不同性别IgA肾病患者病理分级比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。不同性别IgA肾病患者在IgA+IgM+C3、IgA+IgM+IgG、IgA+IgM+IlgG+C3占比比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;男性IgA肾病患者在IgA+IgG+C3、IgA+C3分型中占比多于女性,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 男性IgA肾病的发病人数多于女性,且在IgA肾病中,男性的肾功能较女性差,推测其预后可能较差,因此当男性确诊为IgA肾病后,应更加关注其临床指标及病理相关指标,及早干预、及早治疗,制定合理地个性化治疗方案,延缓其进展。     

血清HBsAg阳性IgA肾病肾组织HBV抗原蛋白及血清和肾组织HBV-DNA检测分析

目的探讨乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染与IgA肾病发病的关系。方法32例肾活检冰冻切片组织HBsAg和HBcAg蛋白和42例HBsAg阳性的肾活检石蜡切片组织及其部分血清HBV-DNA的检测。结果HBsAg和HBcAg在IgA肾病肾活检组织的总阳性率为59．1％，在非IgA肾病中的总阳性率为63．6％，二者差异无统计学意义。42例肾活检组织中，仅发现有5例（11．9％）在肾活检组织中有HBV-DNA的存在。且5例均为大三阳患者，其病理诊断为系膜增生性肾小球肾炎2例，轻微肾小球病变1例，基底膜病变1例，IgA肾病仅1例。血清HBsAg阳性的患者，同时进行了42例肾活检组织的血清HBV-DNA检测，其中大三阳患者为12例，其血清HBV-DNA均为阳性，而这12例血清阳性的肾活检组织中仅有5例HBV-DNA为阳性，其余30例血清及肾活检组织中HBV-DNA为阴性。结论HBsAg和HBcAg蛋白在IgA肾病肾活检组织和非IgA肾病肾活检组织表达差异无统计学意义，表明HBV感染与IgA肾病并无直接关系。     

肺炎衣原体持续性感染与原发性IgA肾病相关

目的探讨肺炎衣原体(CP)感染与IgA肾病(IgAN)的相关性。方法选取70例原发性IgAN病例为研究对象,同时以70例健康献血员血清和12例意外死亡者的尸检肾组织为对照。应用间接免疫荧光法检测血清CP IgG和CP IgA抗体滴度;应用荧光定量PCR检测肾组织CP DNA。分析CP感染和肾组织CP DNA阳性与IgAN临床表现和肾组织病理改变的关系。结果 IgAN组CP持续感染率高于健康献血组,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。IgAN组内不同临床类型的CP急性感染、既往感染、未感染构成比无显著性差异(P0.05)。大量蛋白尿者、持续性肾功能不全的CP持续感染高于非大量蛋白尿者(P0.05)。CP持续性感染患者肾小球病理评分、肾小管间质评分高于非持续性感染患者(P0.05)。CP持续性感染患者肾脏病理病变较非持续性感染患者明显而严重。大量蛋白尿者和持续性肾功能不全型的CP DNA阳性率高于临床类型表现为非大量蛋白尿者(P0.05)。肾组织CP DNA阳性患者肾小球病理评分(P0.05)、肾小管间质病理评分(P0.01)高于阴性患者。肾组织CP DNA阳性患者病理病变较阴性患者明显而严重。CP持续性感染和肾组织CP DNA阳性相关(P0.01)。结论IgAN发病与CP持续感染相关,而与CP既往感染、急性感染不明显。     

糖尿病患者并发非糖尿病性肾脏病变的病理特点及临床表现观察

目的探究糖尿病患者并发非糖尿病性肾脏病变的病理特点和临床表现。方法选择2012年~2013年在我院接受治疗的糖尿病并发非糖尿病性肾脏病变患者90例，根据患者的年龄，将其分为三个小组：青年组、中年组、老年组，每组30例。分析其临床资料，总结糖尿病并发非糖尿病性肾脏病变的病变特点以及临床表现。结果老年组患者临床表现主要是出现慢性肾功能衰竭和肾病综合征，肾病病理常表现出膜性肾病，所占比例为30.0%；中年组患者临床表现呈现为多样化的特点，主要是：①急性肾功能衰竭，②隐匿性肾炎，③慢性肾功能衰竭，④肾病综合征，⑤慢性肾炎综合征。症状出现的几率逐渐增大，肾脏病理是IgA类肾病，所占比例为40.0%；青年组临床表现为慢性肾炎综合征，肾脏病理与中年组相同，所占比例为46.7%。结论对于糖尿病并发非糖尿病性肾脏病变患者，需要掌握患者的病理特点和临床表现，有助于患者的临床治疗。     

广西地区HIV合并结核感染及其他因素对HIV复制影响的研究

目的 分析合并结核( tuberculosis,TB)感染及其他因素对广西地区HIV感染者病毒复制的影响.方法 2010年4月至2010年9月间在广西招募到未接受抗病毒治疗、CD4+T细胞数＜350个/μl的HIV/TB感染者61例,单纯HIV感染者34例.收集人口学、流行病学、临床信息,测定HIV病毒载量.结果 HIV/TB双重感染者与单纯HIV感染者血浆病毒载量差异无统计学意义[ (5.05±0.93) lg拷贝/ml vs (5.06±0.76) lg拷贝/ml,P=0.94].二元logistic回归分析显示,CRF01_AE亚型较其他亚型HIV感染者血浆病毒复制水平高,OR=8.07 (95％CI 1.07～61.20,P=0.04).年龄、感染途径、CD4+T细胞数,是否合并结核分枝杆菌(MTB)感染及TB临床类型对病毒复制水平的影响均不明显.结论 广西地区CD4+T细胞数较低的HIV感染者中,合并结核感染对病毒复制影响不明显;CRF01_AE亚型HIV-1病毒复制水平较高,在监测和治疗过程中需加强关注.     

P-选择素与树突状细胞在IgA肾病肾小管间质病变中变化的临床意义

IgA肾病病理改变中广泛存在或伴随着肾小管间质损害 ,黏附分子介导的炎细胞浸润是肾小管间质免疫炎症反应重要前提。树突状细胞 (DC)是功能最强的专职抗原递呈细胞 ,其炎症组织迁移依赖于黏附分子P 、E 选择素介导。为此我们探讨了IgA肾病患者肾组织中P 选择素表达和DC分布变化 ,以及与肾小管间质病变之间的关系。选择经肾活检和临床资料确诊的4 5例IgA肾病患者 ,其中男 2 5例 ,女 2 0例 ,平均年龄 (4 5 .4± 1.5 )岁。根据肾小管间质病变程度分为 3组 :轻度组 2 9例 ,中度组 10例 ,重度组 6例 ;10例正常人肾组织为对照。用免疫组化法…     

68例维吾尔族IgA肾病患者MBL基因多态性与临床病理相关性分析

目的 探讨甘露糖结合凝集素(mannose-binding lectin,MBL)基因第54位密码子多态性与维吾尔族IgA肾病患者临床和病理的关系.方法 应用PCR-RFLP方法对68例维吾尔族IgAN患者进行MBL多态性检测,并与患者临床和病理特点进行相关性分析.结果 ①维吾尔族IgAN中表现为蛋白尿的患者突变型等位基因GAC的发生频率显著高于表现为单纯血尿的患者(P＜0.05);②维吾尔族IgAN中表现为复合性免疫沉积的患者等位基因GAC的发生频率显著高于表现为单纯免疫沉积的患者(P＜0.05).结论 MBL突变型等位基因GAC与维吾尔族IgAN 蛋白尿发生和免疫复合沉积相关.     

用PCR-SSO检测IgA肾炎HLA-DRB1、DQA1、DQB1等位基因及其临床意义

利用聚合酶链区应（PCR）和序列特异性寡核苷酸（SSO）探针技术对47例经临床及免疫荧光证实的IgA肾病（IgAN）患者HLA-DRB1、DQA1、DQB1等位基因频率进行了检测。结果显示IgAN患者组DR4基因频率明显高于正常人组,相反DQB1*0602基因频率与对照组相比呈显著下降。IgAN患者中蛋白尿组DR4基因频率显著高于对照组,而肉眼血尿组与对照组无显著差异。约 1/4 DR4基因阳性的IgAN病理表现为局灶节段硬化性肾小球肾炎。 IgAN肾衰组DR4阳性的发生率显著高于非肾衰组。由此可见,IgAN中HLA-DR4基因频率而著增高, DR4阳性IgAN临床多表现蛋白尿,易发生肾衰,病理多呈局灶节段硬化型;DQB1*0602等位基因对IgAN可能有一定抵抗性。这些研究结果提示IgAN有免疫遗传的背景。     

Why,when and how should immunosuppressive therapy considered in patients with immunoglobulin A nephropathy?

IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary glomerulonephritis worldwide. Lifelong mesangial deposition of IgA1 complexes subsist inflammation and nephron loss, but the complex pathogenesis in detail remains unclear. In regard to the heterogeneous course, classical immunosuppressive and specific therapeutic regimens adapted to the loss of renal function will here be discussed in addition to the essential common renal supportive therapy. Renal supportive therapy alleviates secondary, surrogate effects or sequelae on renal function and proteinuria of high intraglomerular pressure and subsequent nephrosclerosis by inhibition of the renin angiotensin system (RAASB). In patients with physiological (ΔGFR < 1·5 ml/min/year) or mild (ΔGFR 1·5–5 ml/min/year) decrease of renal function and proteinuric forms (> 1 g/day after RAASB), corticosteroids have shown a reduction of proteinuria and might protect further loss of renal function. In patients with progressive loss of renal function (ΔGFR > 3 ml/min within 3 months) or a rapidly progressive course with or without crescents in renal biopsy, cyclophosphamide with high‐dose corticosteroids as induction therapy and azathioprine maintenance has proved effective in one randomized controlled study of a homogeneous cohort in loss of renal function (ΔGFR). Mycophenolic acid provided further maintenance in non‐randomized trials. Differentiated, precise, larger, randomized, placebo‐controlled studies focused on the loss of renal function in the heterogeneous forms of IgAN are still lacking. Prospectively, fewer toxic agents will be necessary in the treatment of IgAN.     

Aberrant sialylation of serum IgA1 was associated with prognosis of patients with IgA nephropathy

Aberrant glycosylation of serum IgA1 was considered as an initial event and involvement in the pathogenesis of IgAN. We previously demonstrated that aberrant glycosylation of serum IgA1 was associated with pathologic phenotype of IgAN. The present study is to investigate if abnormal sialylation of IgA1 affects renal survival of IgAN. 127 patients with biopsy-proven IgAN were enrolled and followed up to 8 years. Seventy-nine healthy and 75 patients with non-IgAN renal diseases were selected as controls. Alpha 2, 6 sialic acid (SA) of serum IgA1 was measured by sandwich-ELISA. Renal survival rate was estimated by Kaplan-Meier method. Alpha 2, 6 SA level in patients with IgAN was lower than that in healthy controls (0.92+/-0.14 vs. 0.98+/-0.12, P=0.001) and non-IgAN glomerulonephritis (0.92+/-0.14 vs. 1.00+/-0.18, n=53, P=0.001). Patients with IgAN in Low SA Group were no significant differences compared with patients in Normal SA Group in age, gender, hypertension, serum creatinine, and excretion of proteinuria. Renal cumulative survival rate was 53.3% in patients in Low SA Group and 83.5% in Normal SA Group (P=0.0008). The lower the alpha 2, 6 SA level of serum IgA1 in patients with IgAN was, the worse their renal survival rate was. Although patients in Low SA Group had worse renal function evaluated by eGFR, there was no significant difference in various CKD stages in non-IgAN renal function controls (n=42, P=0.352). Alpha 2, 6 SA level of serum IgA1 was associated with the prognosis of patients with IgAN and could serve as a predictor of poor prognosis in IgAN.     

Urinary tract and renal findings in acute Yersinia infections

We studied 71 patients with acute Yersinia infection for the occurrence of pathologic urinary and renal findings. Transient proteinuria and/or microhematuria was found in 17 patients (24%) and slightly elevated serum creatinine in seven patients (10%). Renal biopsy was done in two patients and revealed mild mesangial glomerulonephritis in both cases. One of these patients had IgA glomerulonephritis and Reiter's syndrome. Pyuria occurred in 16 patients (23%) and was frequently associated with Reiter's syndrome. Seventy-three patients with acute intrinsic renal failure were studied for the occurrence of acute Yersinia infection by determining Yersinia antibodies by ELISA. One out of 13 patients with acute glomerulonephritis but none of 60 patients with acute tubulointerstitial renal disease had acute Yersinia infection. Acute Yersinia infection seems to be rarely an etiologic factor in acute intrinsic renal failure. Our results indicate that transient proteinuria, microhematuria, pyuria or impaired renal function are frequent findings in patients with acute Yersinia infections. However, glomerulonephritis seems to be a rather infrequent and mild complication of acute Yersinia infection.     

Role of immunosuppressive therapy and predictors of therapeutic effectiveness and renal outcome in IgA nephropathy with proteinuria

Introduction

The aim of the study was to analyze the role of immunosuppressive therapy and identify independent predictors of therapeutic effectiveness and outcome in IgA nephropathy (IgAN) patients with proteinuria.

Material and methods

Two hundred and six IgAN patients with proteinuria (1–3.5 g/day) were included between January 2005 and December 2011, and divided into two groups: group A (n = 125), receiving renin-angiotensin system blockade therapy alone; and group B (n = 81), combining the above with immunosuppressive therapy. The clinicopathological features, response and safety were recorded. In univariate and multivariate models, the factors that influence response to therapy and renal outcome, especially pathologic features, were analyzed.

Results

The patients in group B presented more severe proteinuria and hypoalbuminemia with more severe hematuria (p < 0.05) but no significant difference in the pathologic changes compared with group A. After follow-up, the response rate was higher in group B than in group A (p < 0.001). No pathologic feature or clinical parameter apart from steroid therapy (HR = 0.500, 95% CI: 0.304–0.821, p = 0.006) was strongly associated with therapeutic effectiveness. Endocapillary hypercellularity (HR = 2.849, 95% CI: 1.244–6.524, p = 0.013) seemed to be an independent predictor of poor response to steroid therapy. The renal survival rate was not significantly different between the two groups (p = 0.074). Estimated glomerular filtration rate at baseline may be an independent predictor of renal outcome.

Conclusions

Steroid therapy could be an effective therapy in proteinuric IgAN patients, and endocapillary hypercellularity seemed to predict poor response to steroid. Renal function at baseline rather than treatment strategies and pathologic features may be independently associated with renal survival.     

Genetic polymorphism of NPHS1 modifies the clinical manifestations of Ig A nephropathy

Nephrin, the molecule responsible for congenital nephrotic syndrome of Finnish type, is crucial in maintaining the glomerular filtration barrier. Recently, its complete gene structure and common gene polymorphisms in its exons have been reported, although the functional and clinical significance of these polymorphisms has not yet been elucidated. We investigated a possible association of the NPHS1 polymorphisms with the development of Ig A nephropathy (IgAN), as well as the clinical and histologic manifestations in IgAN. A total of 464 Japanese subjects, including 267 patients with histologically proven IgAN and 197 healthy controls with normal urinalysis, were genotyped for the NPHS1 G349A, G2289A, and T3315C polymorphisms. The frequencies of the genotypes, alleles, and estimated haplotypes of NPHS1 polymorphisms were no different between patients with IgAN and the controls. Within the IgAN group, patients carrying at least one G allele of G349A tended to present with more proteinuria, lower renal function, and more severe histopathologic injury than those with the AA genotype, although the time from the first urinary abnormality to the renal biopsy was no different between both groups. The logistic regression analysis indicated that even after adjusting for the effect of proteinuria and hypertension the GG genotype of NPHS1 G349A was an independent risk factor for the deteriorated renal function at the time of diagnosis. This study suggests that the NPHS1 G349A polymorphism may be associated with heavy proteinuria and a decline in renal function in patients with IgAN.     

Clinical and pathological features in Venezuelan children with IgA nephropathy

IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common glomerulonephritis in humans worldwide; its prevalence and prognosis vary according with geographical areas. The incidence is higher in adults under 30 years of age and in children, it occurs more frequently in patients between 3 and 10 years. Hematuria is the predominant manifestation at presentation of the disease and 20-40% of the cases progress to terminal chronic renal disease. Renal biopsies were performed in 426 children during the period 1980-2002, of them, 12 cases corresponded to IgAN. The clinico-pathological characteristics and evolution of patients were evaluated during an average of 3.85 years. Mean age of patients was 6.2 years, and it was more frequent in males. Hematuria and proteinuria were found in 100% of cases and proteinuria of nephrotic range in 75%. Hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia in 91%, arterial hypertension in 50% and acute renal failure at presentation in 25%. The predominant histopathological patterns (WHO) were II and III, deposits of mesangial IgA, IgG and C3 were observed in all cases and C4 deposits in 25%. 41.7% of cases had complete remission, 41.7% maintained normal renal function with persistent proteinuria and 16% progressed to terminal chronic renal failure. The actuarial survival of patients was 100% at 3 years, 87% at 4 years and 76% at 8 years. Two patients died during the period of study, at 3.5 and 8.5 years. The variability of presentation of IgA nephropathy was confirmed in this study, which could be attributable to geographical differences, racial influences and clinicopathological features related to sanitary conditions. Despite of the frequency of bad prognosis characteristics at presentation of IgAN in our series, the evolution was similar to reports of other groups.     

Glomerular mannose‐binding lectin deposition is a useful prognostic predictor in immunoglobulin A nephropathy

There is accumulating evidence to support a hypothesis of the activation of the lectin complement pathway in immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN). The glomerular deposition of mannose‐binding lectin (MBL), an initiator of the lectin pathway, has been identified, but its clinical significance has not been defined consistently. The aim of the present study was to investigate the value of glomerular MBL deposition as a useful histological biomarker in evaluating the severity and predicting the prognosis of IgAN. We included all consecutive patients with biopsy‐proven primary IgAN from December 2008 to July 2010. Renal deposition of MBL was detected by immunofluorescence. The biopsy material from 131 patients (72 men) was thus used for MBL staining. The deposition of MBL was observed in a predominantly mesangial pattern in 45 patients (34·35%), which presented as global or segmental deposition. Compared with the patients without glomerular MBL deposition, those with glomerular MBL deposition had more severe proteinuria, decreased renal function, lower levels of serum albumin and a greater possibility of hypertension at the time of renal biopsy; they had more severe histological changes according to the Oxford classification (i.e. mesangial hypercellularity, segmental glomerulosclerosis, endocapillary hypercellularity and tubular atrophy/interstitial fibrosis), and their ratio presented an increase as the histopathological phenotypes segregated according to Lee's classification; furthermore, the follow‐up data demonstrated that they had a lower renal remission rate. In conclusion, glomerular MBL deposition may predict a poor prognosis, and thus can be a new prognostic factor in IgA nephropathy.