长链非编码RNA通过ceRNA在乳腺癌中的调控机制

长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA,lncRNA)是一种长度大于200 nt的不具有编码蛋白质功能的RNA。lncRNA在多种肿瘤中存在差异性表达,通过转录调控、转录后调控等方式影响肿瘤的增殖、侵袭、转移、耐药等。多项研究表明,lncRNA可通过竞争性内源性RNA(competing endogenous RNA,ceRNA)机制与miRNA相互作用,并影响其它RNA、蛋白的表达,影响疾病进程;提示lncRNA可能是一种肿瘤标志物和潜在的治疗靶点。该文现就lncRNA通过ceRNA调控乳腺癌的研究进展进行综述。     

长链非编码RNA与病毒和微小非编码RNA关系的研究进展

非编码RNA,包括以miRNA、siRNA和piRNA等为代表的短小RNA和长链非编码RNA.长链非编码RNA,有别于其他小分子非编码RNA,是目前非编码RNA研究的热点.随着研究的不断推进,人们发现lncRNA与物种进化、胚胎发育、物质代谢以及肿瘤发生等都有着密切的联系.microRNA是一类长度为19～ 23个核苷酸的内源性非编码RNA,可以在转录水平或转录后水平调节基因的表达.     

非编码RNA与高血压关系研究进展

非编码RNA(ncRNA)是人类基因组的重要组成部分,主要包括微小RNA(miRNA)和长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)两种类型。miRNA在高血压发病机制中起重要作用,靶向miRNA或可成为治疗高血压新策略;lncRNA在高血压中也被发现呈现异常表达。miRNA和lncRNA还可能成为高血压及相关疾病诊断的生物标志物。     

长链非编码RNA在肿瘤研究中的进展

长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA,lncRNA)是细胞中一类转录本长度超过200个核苷酸的非编码RNA分子,本身并不编码蛋白或很少有编码蛋白质功能,在哺乳动物基因组普遍被转录。起初认为它是转录过程中的副产物,不具有生物学功能。随着研究的深入,新的lncRNA不断被发现,越来越多的证据显示lncRNA具有复杂的生物学功能,并与人类疾病的发生关系密切。     

长链非编码RNA与结直肠癌

长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)是一类长度大于200 nt的非蛋白编码RNA分子,能同时与DNA、RNA和蛋白质分子相互作用,通过转录和转录后调控等多种作用机制在结直肠癌中发挥促癌或抑癌的双重作用。lncRNA表达异常或突变在结直肠癌的发生、发展、侵袭和转移过程中扮演着重要角色,且与患者预后密切相关。lncRNA有望为成为结直肠癌新的诊断和治疗靶点。     

长链非编码RNA与胃癌的关系研究新进展

长链非编码RNA（10ngnon—codingRNA,LncRNA）是调节性非编码RNA之一,转录本长度〉200nt,表达具有时空特异性,无明显可读框,不编码蛋白质。在细胞质,会影响RNA稳定性和miRNA活性;在细胞核,主要调控基因转录和mRNA剪接。根据与最近编码蛋白质基因的关系,LncRNA可分为五类：     

长链非编码RNA调控肿瘤细胞凋亡的研究进展

长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA,lncRNA)是一类长度>200个核苷酸、通常不编码蛋白质的RNA。近年研究表明,lncRNA在肿瘤的的发展过程中发挥抑癌或促癌作用,参与细胞增殖、凋亡等过程。本综述简要介绍lncRNA的生物学功能及其调控细胞凋亡的研究进展。     

构建编码基因-非编码RNA调控网络挖掘前列腺癌潜在致病因子

目的 基于前列腺癌的编码基因-非编码RNA调控网络识别潜在的生物标记物.方法 利用前列腺癌的lncRNA、miRNA和mRNA表达谱数据及它们与转录因子之间的靶向关系,构建编码基因-非编码RNA三维调控网络,挖掘ceRNA子网,识别潜在竞争性的lncRNA并筛选前列腺癌潜在的致病因子.结果 从ceRNA子网中识别出4个lncRNA竞争性的结合了5个miRNA间接调控了63个基因的表达,功能预测这些lncRNA参与了激素调节;基于网络拓扑属性,挖掘出一个包含了16个lncRNAs、2个miRNAs、4个mRNAs的生物标记物.结论 多种调控因子如TF、lncRNA、miRNA、mRNA共同作用影响前列腺癌的发生发展,其中有些lncRNA作为ceRNA来发挥基因表达调控的作用.     

lncRNA-CCAT1与消化道肿瘤关系的研究进展

结肠癌相关转录因子1(CCAT1)是结直肠癌组织中新近发现的一种异常高表达的长链非编码RNA(lncRNA),具有促进肿瘤细胞增殖及侵袭转移等作用。CCAT1通过内源竞争等机制与微小RNA(miRNA)或蛋白相互作用参与调控机体的诸多生理病理过程,尤其是消化道肿瘤的形成与发展,它有望成为有价值的肿瘤标志物和治疗靶点。     

基于生物学信息分析及推测PCGEM1在前列腺癌中的表达分子调控网络

非编码 RNA,包括以 miRNA、siRNA 和 piRNA 等为代表的短小 RNA 和长链非编码 RNA（long non-coding RNA,lncRNA）。长链非编码 RNA,有别于其他小分子非编码 RNA,是目前非编码 RNA 研究的热点。随着研究的不断推进,人们发现 lncRNA 与物种进化、胚胎发育、物质代谢以及肿瘤发生等都有着密切的联系[1]。miRNA 是一类长度为21~25个核苷酸（nt）的单链 RNA,属于非编码蛋白 RNA,广泛存在于生物界,miRNA 调节人类1/3基因的表达,miRNA 是一类新发现的基因调节剂,可以在转录水平或转录后水平调节基因的表达,在肿瘤的发生与发展中扮演着“癌基因”与“抑癌基因”的角色[2]。前列腺癌基因表达标记1（prostate cancer gene expression marker 1, PCGEM1）全长1643 nt,在前列腺组织及前列腺癌组织中呈特异表达的长链非编码 RNA,但其表达调控网络目前未知[3],本文旨在运用生物学软件对其进行生物学信息分析,为下一步实验验证其表达分子调控网络机制提供线索。     

卵巢癌与非编码RNA研究进展

卵巢癌是全球女性因癌症死亡的第5大病因,尽早明确诊断并积极治疗是改善预后的有效方法。随着测序技术的不断发展,人们发现了大量的种类丰富的非编码RNA。ncRNAs在细菌、真菌和哺乳动物等多种生物体的活动中可作为致癌驱动因子和肿瘤抑制因子,对肿瘤的发生、发展起到调控作用,ncRNA有望成为肿瘤诊治的新型生物标志物和治疗靶点。探索ncRNA可为卵巢癌的研究提供一些系统性新思路。现将卵巢癌相关ncRNA最新研究进展进行综述,并着重讨论微小RNA（miRNA）、长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）及环状RNA（circRNA）在卵巢癌中的作用。     

长链非编码RNA HULC对肺癌细胞增殖及自噬的调控

目的探讨长链非编码RNA HULC对非小细胞肺癌增殖及其与自噬的关系。方法采用实时定量PCR检测48例肺癌组织以及相应正常肺组织中HULC的表达水平,并检测HULC在肺癌细胞系及正常肺细胞系中的表达情况。通过pcDNA3.1-HULC转染肺癌细胞系A549、95D过表达HULC;采用CCK-8试剂盒检测细胞增殖改变情况;Western blot、免疫荧光检测自噬相关蛋白LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ、LC3斑点数目变化情况以及自噬相关蛋白Atg7的表达变化。结果HULC在肺癌组织中的表达高于正常肺组织,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);过表达HULC能促进肺癌细胞增殖,且过表达HULC促进肺癌细胞中LC3-Ⅰ向LC3-Ⅱ的转化和Atg7的表达增加(P<0.05);免疫荧光可见过表达HULC后LC3荧光斑点明显增多。结论肺癌组织中HULC的表达高于正常肺组织,HULC促进肺癌细胞增殖与提高肺癌细胞自噬水平,且与自噬相关蛋白ATG7相关。     

Distinct Patterns of Genetic Variations in Potential Functional Elements in Long Noncoding RNAs

Non‐protein‐coding RNAs have increasingly been shown to be an important class of regulatory RNAs having significant roles in regulation of gene expression. The long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) gene family presently constitutes a large number of noncoding RNA (ncRNA) loci almost equaling the number of protein‐coding genes. Nevertheless, the biological roles and mechanisms of the majority of lncRNAs are poorly understood, with exceptions of a very few well‐studied candidates. The availability of genome‐scale variation datasets, and increasing number of variant loci from genome‐wide association studies falling in lncRNA loci have motivated us to understand the patterns of genomic variations in lncRNA loci, their potential functional correlates, and selection in populations. In the present study, we have performed a comprehensive analysis of genomic variations in lncRNA loci. We analyzed for patterns and distributions of genomic variations with respect to potential functional domains in lncRNAs. The analysis reveals a distinct distribution of variations in subclasses of long ncRNAs and in potential functional domains of lncRNAs. We further examined signals of selections and allele frequencies of these prioritized set of lncRNAs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first and comprehensive large‐scale analysis of genetic variations in long ncRNAs.     

Suppression of hepatocellular carcinoma by baculovirus-mediated expression of long non-coding RNA PTENP1 and MicroRNA regulation

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play regulatory roles in cancers. LncRNA PTENP1 is a pseudogene of the tumor suppressor gene PTEN but its roles in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have yet to be explored. Here we confirmed that PTENP1 and PTEN were downregulated in several HCC cells, thus we constructed Sleeping Beauty (SB)-based hybrid baculovirus (BV) vectors for sustained PTENP1 lncRNA expression. Co-transduction of HCC cells with the SB-BV vector expressing PTENP1 elevated the levels of PTENP1 and PTEN, which suppressed the oncogenic PI3K/AKT pathway, inhibited cell proliferation, migration/invasion as well as induced autophagy and apoptosis. The overexpressed PTENP1 decoyed oncomirs miR-17, miR-19b and miR-20a, which would otherwise target PTEN, PHLPP (a negative AKT regulator) and such autophagy genes as ULK1, ATG7 and p62, indicating that PTENP1 modulated the HCC cell behavior and gene networks by miRNA regulation. Injection of the PTENP1-expressing SB-BV vector into mice bearing HCC tumors effectively mitigated the tumor growth, suppressed intratumoral cell proliferation, elicited apoptosis, autophagy and inhibited angiogenesis. These data collectively unveiled the molecular mechanisms of how PTENP1 repressed the tumorigenic properties of HCC cells and demonstrated the potential of the SB-BV hybrid vector for PTENP1 lncRNA modulation and HCC therapy.     

牛磺酸上调基因1对肿瘤发生发展的调控作用

<正>基因的失调控(异常表达)是肿瘤发生发展的重要原因(诱因)业已被学术界所公认,而在这一过程中非编码RNA(non-coding RNA,ncRNA)起到了极为重要的调控作用~([1-2])。小RNA(small RNA;包括微小RNA,microRNA,miRNA,miR)和长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA,lncRNA)均属于ncRNA~([3-4])。     

非编码RNA在肝癌中的作用

近年来,国内外掀起RNA研究的热潮,焦点即为非编码RNA的生物作用机制。众多研究提示,非编码RNA （ non?coding RNA, ncRNA）在体内组成了复杂的分子网络,与蛋白质调控网络相对应,协同参与着肿瘤的发生发展、侵袭、转移和预后治疗。肝癌是最常见的恶性肿瘤疾病之一,在我国发病率极高,目前仍缺乏有效的治疗方式,严重威胁着人类健康。众多ncRNA在肝癌中表达失调,这些ncRNA作为肝癌基因治疗的潜在靶点,可推动肝癌基因靶向治疗的发展,研究意义重大。     

A Review of miR-326 and Female Related Diseases

MicroRNA (miRNA), a non-coding single-stranded RNA molecule with 20–23 nucleotides encoded by endogenous genes, plays an essential role in maintaining normal cell function and regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, autophagy, and cell metabolism. The imbalance between miRNA and genes can cause a series of diseases, including malignancies. miRNA-326 (miR-326) is extensively known for its core regulation of various biological processes. This review presents an overview of the highlights of miR-326 in female-related diseases. To understand the impact of miR-326 on female disorders, we search all published studies about miR-326 having a high incidence in female conditions, including cervical cancer, endometrial cancer, breast cancer, intrauterine adhesion, and multiple autoimmune diseases. We aim to learn about the mutual regulation mechanism between miR-326 and related genes and signaling pathways, as well as to elaborate on the value of miR-326 as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target of female diseases. Our results provide reliable evidence and new strategies for treating female tumors and autoimmune diseases.     

Aberrant expression of LncRNA CASC2 mediated the cell viability,apoptosis and autophagy of colon cancer cells by sponging miR19a via NFB signaling pathway

Abnormal and rapid proliferation of colon cancer cells is a severe problem that can be regulated by noncoding RNAs. Thus, our study focused on effects of lncRNA CASC2 and miR19a on colon cancer cells. Expressions of lncRNA CASC2, miR19a, Bcl2, Bax and NFB/p65 were examined by RTqPCR. Cell viabilities were detected by CCK8. A luciferase report assay was used for measuring binding conditions between lncRNA CASC2 and miR19a. Western blotting was used to evaluate expression of LC3I, LC3II and p62 related to autophagy. Expression of lncRNA CASC2 lower in cancer cell lines and the overexpression reduced the cell viability of HT29 and SW480. Furthermore, Bcl2 was suppressed by overexpressed lncRNA CASC2, while Bax was upregulated. LC3 and p62 were both inhibited, but LC3 was promoted. MiR19a was predicted to bind lncRNA CASC2 and expressed higher in cancer cell lines. Overexpressed miR19a reduced expression of lncRNA CASC2 and increased cell viability. This was repressed by upregulated lncRNA CASC2. Bcl2 and Bax expression and proteins implicated in autophagy that are regulated by lncRNA CASC2 upregulation were reversed by miR19a overexpression. NFB was upregulated in colon cancer cell lines, while inhibition of NFB reversed functions of lncRNA CASC2 and magnified roles of miR19a. Our findings showed that lncRNA CASC2 inhibited cell viability in colon cancer cell lines and miR19a reversed its functions through the NFB signalling pathway, suggesting that these could be factors in treating colon cancer in the future.     

DEAH box RNA helicase DHX38 associates with satellite I noncoding RNA involved in chromosome segregation

Noncoding (nc) RNA called satellite I is transcribed from the human centromere region. Depletion of this ncRNA results in abnormal nuclear morphology because of defects in chromosome segregation. Some protein factors interact with this ncRNA and function as a component of a nc ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex in mitotic regulation. Here, we found that DHX38, a pre‐mRNA splicing‐related DEAH box RNA helicase, interacts with satellite I ncRNA. Depletion of DHX38 resulted in defective chromosome segregation similar to knockdown of satellite I ncRNA. Interaction between DHX38 and ncRNA was interphase‐specific, but DHX38 depletion affected the function of Aurora B, which associated with satellite I ncRNA at mitotic phase. Based on these findings, we suggest that DHX38 has a role in mitotic regulation as a component of the satellite I ncRNP complex at interphase.