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1.
Biochemical characteristics of the tissues of rats developing under conditions of increased muscular exertion and hypodynamia (at temperatures of 20–22°C and 28–30°C) were studied. Exertion of the animals led to an increase in the mass of the skeletal muscles, accompanied by an increase in their content of protein, glycogen, ATP, and creatine phosphate and by a decrease in their lactic acid content. In rats developing under conditions of hypodynamia and supplementary heating, the opposite changes were found. Hypodynamia without heating caused no change in the energy and plastic resources of the body.Laboratory of Age Physiology and Pathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR N. A. Fedorov.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 81, No. 3, pp. 301–303, March, 1976.  相似文献   

2.
After preliminary adaptation of rats to heat (for 3 h daily at 35°C for 1 month) the amplitude of contractions of the isolated papillary muscles from the left ventricle at 28°C at high frequency was higher than in control animals. This difference persisted at 36°C and disappeared at 25°C. It is postulated that adaptation to heat leaves a definite structural imprint in heart muscle cells.Laboratory of Pathophysiology of the Heart, Institute of General Pathology and Pathological Physiology, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. Institute of Physiology and Experimental Pathology of the Arid Zone, Academy of Sciences of the Turkmenian USSR, Ashkhabad. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR A. M. Chernukh.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 82, No. 10, pp. 1168–1170, October, 1976.  相似文献   

3.
Experiments on rats showed that 1 month after lowering the pressure in the blood vessels in the posterior half of the body by constricting the abdominal aorta the number of functioning capillaries in the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles was virtually the same as in the control. This suggests that a decrease in the hydraulic resistance of the resistive vessels in a region of chronic local arterial hypotension is not attributable to an increase in the number of simultaneously functioning vessels.Institute of General Pathology and Pathological Physiology, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. Institute of Normal and Pathological Physiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Czechoslovakia. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR A. M. Chernukh.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 84, No. 8, pp. 156–157, August, 1977.  相似文献   

4.
Chronic administration of potassium orotate to young rats in a dose of 75 mg/kg body weight from the 5th to the 14th day and 150 mg/kg from the 15th to the 30th day of life sharply accelerates growth and functional maturation of the animals. The rate of growth of the experimental animals between the 5th and 14th days and the 21st and 30th days was much greater than in the control rats, but between the 14th and 21st days there was no significant difference. The acceleration of growth from the 5th to the 14th day is accounted for by the greater activity of the autonomic systems (increased oxygen consumption, respiration rate, and heart rate at rest) than in the control. Between the 21st and 30th days the acceleration of growth in the experimental rats was connected with an earlier decrease in activity of the autonomic systems and sympathicoadrenal control mechanisms, as shown by a decrease in the catecholamine concentration in the adrenals and brain.Laboratory of Age Physiology and Pathology, Institute of Normal and Pathological Physiology, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR N. A. Fedorov.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 79, No. 3, pp. 18–21, March, 1975.  相似文献   

5.
The effect of hyperchylomicronemia and hyperprebetalipoproteinemia on the vascular wall was studied in rats aged 6–10 and 26–30 months. The animals were given an intravenous injection of blood serum from rats which themselves had previously been injected intraperitoneally with Triton WR1339. Inclusions of chylomicrons and liporoteins of very low density were found electron-microscopically in the endothelium of the old rats only. Swelling of the Golgi complex and mitochondria and dilatation of the cisternae of the endoplasmic reticulum in the endothelial cells of the young rats indicated activation of intracellular metabolism. The study of biosynthesis of certain classes of lipids in the aorta under these conditions showed inhibition of biosynthesis of free cholesterol, the intensity of which was the same in rats of different ages. Increased phospholipid biosynthesis was observed only in the young animals.Laboratory of Pathological Physiology, Institute of Gerontology, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Kiev. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR N. N. Gorev.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 84, No. 12, pp. 664–667, December, 1977.  相似文献   

6.
After isolation of the common bile duct the quantity of bile secreted during 24 h and the concentration of total bile acids in it were determined in adult (11–12 months) and old (27–29 months) rats. Differences between the adult and old rats as regards bile formation and the concentration of the cholesterol fractions of the liver and blood plasma were not significant if the animals were kept on a standard diet. If kept on an atherogenic diet, the secretion of bile acids was significantly higher both in the adult and in the old rats. Meanwhile the level of total and esterified cholesterol in the blood plasma was higher in the old than in the adult rats.Research Institute of Physiology, Kiev University. Laboratory of Pathological Physiology, Institute of Gerontology, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR N. N. Gorev.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 85, No. 2, pp. 155–157, February, 1978.  相似文献   

7.
The content of ATP and 2,3-diphosphoglycerate in the erythrocytes of rats is increased on the 30th and 60th days of adaptation of the animals to hypoxia in a pressure chamber. By modifying the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen, these changes may play an important role in the improvement of the oxygen supply to the tissues.Laboratory for the Study of Resistance of the Organism, I. M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR P. N. Veselkin.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 81, No. 4, pp. 415–416, April, 1976.  相似文献   

8.
P. K. Anokhin Research Institute of Normal Physiology, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. Research Institute of General Pathology and Pathological Physiology, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR K. V. Sudakov.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 113, No. 1, pp. 8–10, January, 1992.  相似文献   

9.
Electrocardiogram (ECG) changes (enlargement of the T wave, displacement of the S-T segment, disturbances of atrioventricular conduction) arising under the influence of vasopressin in old rats (24–26 months) occur in response to smaller doses of the hormone than in middle-aged (10–12 months) animals. After injection of equal doses the coronary insufficiency was more severe in the older group of animals and was accompanied more often by a disturbance of atrioventricular conduction in the heart of the second to third degree and by distinct disturbances of the hemodynamics.Laboratory of Physiology, Institute of Gerontology, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Kiev.(Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR D. F. Chebotarev.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 81, No. 6, pp. 647–650, June, 1976.  相似文献   

10.
The primary reason why hyperventilation is necessary in patients with paralysis of the respiratory muscles is insufficiency of the Hering-Breuer inhibitory reflex.Laboratory of Compensation of Disturbed Functions, Institute of General Pathology and Pathological Physiology, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR A. M. Chernukh.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 87, No. 3, pp. 209–211, March, 1979.  相似文献   

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