子宫内膜间质肉瘤伴多成分分化

目的 探讨子宫内膜间质肉瘤伴多成分分化的临床、病理特征,及其鉴别诊断及预后的意义。方法 观察１７例子宫内膜间质肉瘤的组织形态,部分病例辅以免疫组织化学染色或电镜观察。结果 １３例低度恶性及４例高度恶性子宫内膜间质肉瘤表现多成分分化,其中１３例伴性索样分化,１０例伴平滑肌分化,２例伴骨分化,１例伴横纹肌分化,有９例同时伴２种多成分分化。结论 无论低度恶性或高度恶性的子宫内膜间质肉瘤均可伴多成分分化,以性索样分化与平滑肌分化最常见,少见伴骨分化或横纹肌分化。子宫内膜间质肉瘤的预后与多成分分化的数量及类型关系不大。     

宫内膜活检或刮出物中子宫内膜间质肉瘤的诊断

目的：探讨宫内膜活检或刮出物诊断子宫内膜间质肉瘤的标准和鉴别诊断注意事项。方法：对９例临床和病理资料完整并经宫内膜活检或刮出物中确诊的子宫内膜间质肉瘤,对照其随后进行的子宫切除标本的蜡块,再次常规制片,ＨＥ染色,光镜进行对比观察。结果：９例宫内膜活检或刮宫标本中,有６例分化良好,酷似子宫内膜增生过长时的间质细胞。有３例分化差者,其中２例酷似恶性淋巴瘤,１例酷似多形肉瘤。９例均见簇状分布的子宫内膜螺     

子宫内膜间质肉瘤9例临床病理分析

目的 探讨子宫内膜间质肉瘤(endometrial stromal sarcoma,ESS)的临床病理特征、诊断、鉴别诊断及预后.方法 对9例ESS患者进行临床、病理资料分析、免疫组化检测及随访.结果 患者年龄39～64岁,中位46.3岁.临床主要表现为阴道流血及子宫增大/占位.肿瘤直径2.3～11 cm,平均4.6 cm.光镜下8例呈低度恶性子宫内膜间质肉瘤(low grade endometrial stromal sarcoma,LGESS),均由类似增殖期子宫内膜间质肿瘤细胞构成,细胞密集,异型性不明显,呈不规则舌状或岛状浸润肌层,并伴较多薄壁螺旋小血管;1例为高度恶性子宫内膜间质肉瘤/未分化子宫内膜肉瘤(high grade endometrial stromal sarcoma/undifferentiated endometrial sarcoma,HGESS/UES),肿瘤细胞直接替代子宫肌层,具有明显的细胞异型性,无LGESS常见的螺旋小血管.免疫组化检测显示肿瘤细胞CD10、vimentin均阳性,PR、ER大部分阳性,SMA和desmin及h-Caldesmon为极少数局灶阳性,S-100、CD34均阴性.术后随访7例(平均53个月),只有1例HGESS/UES死亡.结论 ESS是女性生殖道很少见的一种恶性肿瘤,恶性度相差很大.确诊主要依靠其临床病理特点,并辅以免疫组化标记综合分析.诊断时要与子宫内膜间质结节、平滑肌肿瘤、低分化癌等鉴别.     

子宫内膜间质肉瘤及双侧卵巢内膜样间质肉瘤1例

患者,41岁.2006年1月因阴道不规则出血伴腹痛2个月行诊刮术,病理报告为少量增生期子宫内膜伴子宫内膜间质增生,可见丰富的螺旋动脉,核分裂5～6个/10 HPF,由于组织破碎,与周围结构不清,目前难以判断良、恶性.术后患者常出现阴道不规则出血,多次B超及宫腔镜检查均见宫腔后壁占位,病理检查示子宫内膜间质细胞增生,但不能明确与周围组织的关系.近2个月出现下腹痛,2009年8月B超示宫腔占位,右侧附件混合型包块.2009年9月行手术治疗,术中切除右侧卵巢肿块送快速病理检查,诊断为子宫内膜间质肉瘤(endometrial stromal sarcoma,ESS).遂予扩大全子宫切除术+双侧附件切除术.     

子宫内膜间质肉瘤5例临床病理分析

目的 探讨子宫内膜间质肉瘤(endometrial stromal sarcoma,ESS)的临床病理特点、诊断、鉴别诊断及免疫表型.方法 回顾性分析5例ESS患者的临床资料,探讨其病理特点、免疫表型及预后等相关因素.结果 5例ESS中,低度恶性4例,高度恶性1例,镜下见低度恶性密集排列的类似增殖期子宫内膜间质细胞围绕螺旋小动脉样的血管分布,核分裂少见,高度恶性瘤细胞大,异型性明显,小血管数量减少,核分裂多见,浸润明显,伴坏死,免疫表型:CD10、vimentin、ER、PR均阳性,CK、CD34、Melan-A均阴性.结论 ESS是女性生殖道少见肿瘤,术前常误诊为平滑肌瘤,确诊主要依靠组织病理学、免疫表型来判断肿瘤有无浸润及恶性程度的高低.CD10可作为ESS的鉴别诊断的重要标记之一.     

原发性子宫外子宫内膜间质肉瘤5例临床病理分析

目的 探讨原发性子宫外子宫内膜间质肉瘤(extrauterine endometrial stromal sarcoma,EESS)的临床病理特征、免疫表型、生物学行为及诊疗进展.方法 收集5例EESS的临床病理资料,并进行免疫组化检测及预后随访.结果 5例患者病理诊断均为低级别EESS,其中1例发生于腹腔、网膜及肠系...     

子宫内膜间质肉瘤伴平滑肌分化一例

患者女 ,42岁。因月经量增多、周期缩短 1年 ,经后血水样白带 1个月于 1999年 1月 13日入院。妇科检查 :外阴已婚已产型 ,阴道内有较多血性分泌物 ,鱼腥味 ,由宫颈口向外突出一个灰黄色的肿物 ,约 8ｃｍ× 7ｃｍ× 7ｃｍ ,表面有坏死 ,质糟脆 ,宫颈完整。子宫略大 ,活动 ,无压痛 ,双侧附件正常。Ｂ超示子宫右前壁向宫腔内突出分叶状、较均匀低回声结节。临床诊断 :( 1)宫颈癌。 ( 2 )粘膜下平滑肌瘤。行宫颈肿物切除术。病理报告 :低度恶性子宫内膜间质肉瘤伴有上皮样分化。遂行二次手术 ,全麻下子宫、双侧附件切除术及盆腹腔淋巴结清扫。术…     

探讨彩色多普勒超声鉴别诊断子宫肉瘤与子宫肌瘤的临床运用

目的运用彩色多普勒超声经腹和经阴道联合诊断鉴别子宫肌瘤与子宫肉瘤的临床效果。方法将收集到的306例子宫肉瘤与子宫肌瘤患者,对其进行彩色经腹与经阴道多普勒超声诊断,对探查的临床资料进行统计分析。结果经腹超声诊断结果与经阴道超声诊断结果比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。彩色多普勒超声腹部与阴道联合检查的诊断结果,与单纯经腹或经阴道超声诊断结果比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。子宫肌瘤与子宫肉瘤的病灶在血流分布特点的比较上差异显著(P<0.05),具有统计意义。结论经腹与经阴道彩色多普勒超声联合运用确诊率极高,可有效降低误诊率。彩色多普勒超声对子宫肌瘤和肉瘤的声像图征各有差异,对两种疾病的诊断和鉴别有很高的临床应用价值。     

子宫颈原发性子宫内膜间质肉瘤1例

患者，46岁，因阴道出血淋漓不尽1个月就诊。门诊妇检见宫颈肥大，宽度达6cm，上唇重度糜烂，宫颈口有凝血块及组织物堵塞，活检提示为低度恶性肿瘤。B超提示：宫颈区8．0cm×6．2cm稍低回声光团，边界欠清晰，形态不规则，内部见数个大小不等液性暗区，双侧附件区未见明显异常，肝、胆、脾、双肾等未见异常。经抗感染、止血治疗后于连续硬膜外阻滞麻醉下行次广泛性子宫切除术、[第一段]     

血流灌注对高强度聚焦超声消融子宫肌瘤的影响

高强度聚焦超声（HIFU）治疗时,血流灌注会带走部分组织热量。为了保证治疗的安全性和有效性并提高治疗效率,需要在HIFU治疗过程中考虑血流灌注的影响。目前临床治疗已观察到血流灌注会降低HIFU疗效,但针对血流灌注的量化及如何控制血流灌注以提高HIFU疗效仍不明确。本研究以HIFU消融子宫肌瘤为例,分别从血流灌注对HIFU疗效的影响、子宫肌瘤血流灌注的检测、如何控制血流灌注以提高HIFU疗效这几个方面进行综述,旨在明晰血流灌注对HIFU疗效的影响,为临床控制并利用血流灌注提高HIFU疗效提供参考。     

磁共振引导下聚焦超声治疗子宫肌瘤安全性评价及近期疗效

目的评价MRI引导下聚焦超声(MRgFUS)治疗子宫肌瘤的安全性、可操作性及近期疗效。方法21例症状性子宫肌瘤患者,年龄36~47岁,平均年龄42岁;体质量指数(BMI)20.45~27.34,平均BMI 23.57。对其进行MRgFUS治疗,在治疗后即刻行子宫肌瘤增强MRI扫描,测量每例肌瘤的无灌注体积(NPV),评价治疗完整性。治疗后1周、1个月、3个月、6个月分别进行随访,统计患者症状改善及相关不良事件发生情况。每次随访均进行子宫肌瘤症状-生活质量问卷(UFS-QOL)调查,分析症状严重度评分(SSS),评价患者症状改善程度。结果对21例患者的23个子宫肌瘤进行了MRgFUS治疗,手术成功率100%,平均每例耗时230 min,平均每例肌瘤当天治疗后NPV百分比62.86%(25%~99%),术中无严重并发症发生。21例患者均接受了6个月的随访。术后6个月平均SSS降低70.63%,由术前的28.87±9.69(9.38~40.63)降至8.48±7.10(0~25),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论MRgFUS治疗子宫肌瘤安全性高,真正无创,近期疗效确切,远期疗效有待于进一步随访评价。     

Doppler ultrasound examination of uterine arteries on the day of oocyte retrieval in patients with uterine fibroids undergoing IVF

BACKGROUND: There is no consensus as to whether uterine fibroids have any adverse effects on the outcomes of assisted reproduction treatment. This prospective study compared implantation/pregnancy rates of women with and without fibroids undergoing IVF-embryo transfer and measured uterine blood flow indices of the fibroid group. METHODS: Patients who had fibroids that, during transvaginal scanning, were found to be not distorting the endometrial lining were placed in the fibroid group, while patients with normal uteri were controls. Those with previous myomectomy or pedunculated subserosal fibroids only were excluded. All received a standard ovarian stimulation regimen. Doppler ultrasound examinations of uterine arteries were carried out in the fibroid group prior to oocyte retrieval. RESULTS: Similar implantation/pregnancy rates, multiple pregnancy rates and pregnancy outcomes were noted in both groups. In the fibroid group, significantly lower pulsatility index (PI) and resistance index (RI) of the right uterine artery and the average of right and left uterine arteries were found in those failing to conceive than in those patients who subsequently conceived (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The presence of fibroids not distorting the endometrial lining does not adversely affect implantation and pregnancy rates during IVF-embryo transfer. Significantly lower uterine artery PI and RI were found in non-pregnant women with fibroids than in their pregnant counterparts.     

Incidence of uterine leiomyosarcoma and endometrial stromal sarcoma in Nordic countries: results from NORDCAN and NOCCA databases

Objectives and study design

Uterine sarcomas are an uncommon and heterogeneous group of malignancies. Their etiology is mainly unknown. Here, we analyzed trends in incidence and occupational variation in risk of uterine leiomyosarcomas (LMS) and endometrial stromal sarcomas (ESS) in the Nordic countries aided by NORDCAN and NOCCA (Nordic Occupational Cancer) databases.

Main outcome measures

Incidence rates per 100,000 and Standardized incidences rates (SIR) obtained from NORDCAN and NOCCA databases.

Results

The incidence rates were about 0.3 per 100,000 for ESS and about 0.4 per 100,000 for LMS in Denmark, Finland, Iceland, and Norway. During the study-period (1978–2007), the incidence rates in each country were quite similar and constant. The age-specific incidence of LMS showed a peak around menopause. Significantly increased risk for LMS occurred in shoe and leather workers, farmers and teachers, whereas significantly low risk was detected with packers in the NOCCA data from Finland, Norway, and Sweden. For ESS no occupations showed either increased or decreased incidences.

Conclusions

The incidence trends of LMS and ESS in our study were constant in four Nordic countries over time. The elevated risk for LMS with women exposed to leather work and animal dust indicates further exploration.     

脑电图联合MRI在新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病诊断及预后的应用

目的:分析脑电图（EEG）联合MRI在新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病诊断及预后的应用价值。方法:缺血缺氧性脑病足月患儿和健康足月新生儿各42例,按照是否确诊缺血缺氧性脑病分为观察组和对照组。对两组新生儿进行脑部MRI动脉自旋标记扫描和振幅整合EEG（aEEG）检查,随访6个月,记录并发症和生存情况。结果:（1）观察组患儿aEEG异常比例显著高于对照组（P<0.05）;（2）观察组患儿基底节区和丘脑呈高灌注状态,额叶呈低灌注状态;（3）正常aEEG新生儿中,观察组患儿丘脑核基底节区灌注均值显著高于对照组;（4）aEEG正常和中度异常新生儿中,不良预后患儿丘脑和基底节区灌注显著高于预后良好患儿。结论:EEG联合头颅MRI能够显著提高新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病诊断的敏感性,对不良预后有一定的预测价值。     

Retrospective analysis of 80 cases with uterine carcinosarcoma,leiomyosarcoma and endometrial stromal sarcoma in China, 1988-2007

Objective. Uterine sarcomas are rare gynecological malignancies with poor prognosis and high mortality. We provides clinical information of uterine sarcoma patients at Changhai Hospital of Secondary Military Medical University in Shanghai, China, over a 20-year period. Design and Methods. Satisfied the criteria for the study, a total of 80 female patients with uterine sarcomas were retrospectively evaluated. Overall survival was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method. Main outcome measures. The following information was extracted from our medical records: age, presentations, blood types, stages, ultrasonographic results, therapies and follow-up. Results. Of the 80 patients, the mean age of onset was 57.3±2.03 years, and the highest frequency occurred in 51-60 age group. Endometrial stromal sarcoma was the most common histological type (47.5%). Even population of these patients presented was with early stage (I&II) and advanced stages (III&IV). Among 79 patients underwent primary surgery, 74 cases was hysterectomy and bilateral salping-ooophorectomy. Equal to disease-specific survival, overall survival rates at 1-, 3- and 5-year were 81.3%, 62.5% and 40% respectively. Age, menopausal status, blood type, stage, and pathologic types were all proved to be correlated with the survival. Conclusion. Our retrospective data in part reflect clinical characteristics of uterine sarcoma in China, and form the basis for further concerning researches.     

Colonic low‐grade endometrial stromal sarcoma and orthotopic endometrial stromal tumor with limited infiltration sharing the JAZF1‐SUZ12 gene fusion

Endometrial stromal tumors (ESTs) are composed of cells resembling endometrial stroma, and are divided into benign and malignant types based on morphology. Endometrial stromal nodule (ESN) is a benign localized tumor, and endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS) is an infiltrative and potentially metastatic neoplasm. A series of genetic aberrations contribute to pathological diagnosis of ESTs. At present, subsets of ESN and ESS‐low grade (ESS‐LG) are characterized as JAZF1‐SUZ12/JJAZ1 gene fusion. The ESTs that show higher grade atypia but lack nuclear pleomorphism include YWHAE‐FAM22 ESS. Here we report an unusual case of ESTs. Sudden colonic perforation occurred to the patient, and emergency surgery was performed. Pathological findings suggested metastatic ESS. Thorough medical examination of the genital organs detected a 1 cm‐sized well‐demarcated uterine tumor. Microscopically, the tumor lacked infiltrative features, conforming to the definition of ESN. Both lesions demonstrated identical cytology and shared JAZF1‐SUZ12 gene fusion. Endometriosis was not found in any areas of the resected organs, strongly suggesting that the uterine orthotopic tumor metastasized. The current case uncovered the problems of differential diagnosis between ESN and ESS‐LG. We demonstrate detailed pathological features of the two lesions, and discuss the possibility of orthotopic EST with limited infiltration to develop into ESS‐LG.