高功能孤独障碍患儿胼胝体和额叶纤维的对照研究

目的 对照分析高功能孤独障碍患儿与正常儿童胼胝体及额叶纤维结构的差异.方法 选取18例高功能孤独障碍患儿(病例组)和16名年龄、性别、智商、身高、体质量与之相匹配的正常儿童(对照组),进行头部弥散张量成像(diffusion tensor imaging,DTI)扫描.使用DTIStudio软件进行图像处理,计算并比较2组胼胝体各亚区及左、右额叶的各向异性分数(fractional anisotropy,FA)、表面扩散分数(apparent diffusion coefficient,ADC)、纤维数目及平均长度的差异.结果 与对照组相比,病例组胼胝体前1/3部的纤维数目显著下降[(839±193)条vs(630±203)条;F=9.419,P=0.004];纤维的平均长度、FA值的差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);病例组胼胝体前1/3部纤维的ADC值显著增大[(0.88±8.56)×10-3 mm2/s vs(0.94±6.98)×10-3 mm2/s;F=5.739,P=0.023].左、右大脑额叶长、短纤维的FA值均较对照组显著减小(F=10.109,P=0.003;F=9.186,P=0.005),长程纤维的ADC值显著增加(F=6.154,P=0.019;F=6.814,P=0.014).结论 高功能孤独障碍儿童胼胝体前1/3部纤维减少最明显,额叶与其他脑区之间呈现低连通性.     

儿童孤独症的脑扩散张量成像研究

目的 研究孤独症儿童脑扩散张量成像的异常.方法 对24例孤独症儿童(孤独症组)和10名正常儿童(正常对照组)进行脑扩散张量成像扫描,测量并比较两组的双侧胼胝体膝部、压部和双侧内囊后肢表观扩散系数(ADC值)和各向异性分数(FA值),分析孤独症儿童各被检测部位ADC值、FA值与孤独症治疗评估量表(ATEC)得分的相关性.结果 (1)孤独症组双侧内囊后肢[左右侧分别为(6.8±0.3)×10-9 mm2/s和(6.7±0.4)×10-9 mm2/s]、左侧胼胝体膝部[(8.0±0.5)×10-9 mm2/s]ADC值高于对照组[分别为(6.6±0.2)×10-9 mm2/s,(6.6±0.4)×10-9 mm2/s,(7.4±0.5)×10-9 mm2/s;P＜0.05～0.01];孤独症组右侧胼胝体压部(0.73±0.14)FA值低于正常对照组(0.84±0.07;P＜0.05),孤独症组右侧胼胝体膝部(0.75±0.07)FA值高于正常对照组(0.68±0.17;P＜0.05).(2)孤独症组右侧胼胝体压部ADC值与ATEC健康/行为评分呈正相关(r=0.490),右侧胼胝体压部FA值与ATEC说话/语言评分呈负相关(r=-0.453),右胼胝体膝部FA值与社交评分呈正相关(r=0.427),均P＜0.05.(3)孤独症组内囊后肢、胼胝体膝部FA值左右侧的差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 孤独症儿童胼胝体神经纤维连接存在异常.     

高功能孤独症患儿全脑白质纤维的弥散张量成像研究

目的 分析高功能孤独症患儿的全脑白质纤维的完整性.方法 对18例高功能孤独症患儿(病例组)以及10名年龄、性别、智商与病例组相匹配的健康儿童(对照组)进行全脑弥散张量成像(DTI)测量;应用基于体素的分析方法,比较两组全脑各向异性分数(FA)的差异.使用Spearman相关分析,分析病例组各感兴趣区FA值与儿章期孤独症评定表(CARS)总分及各项目之间的关系.结果 与对照组相比,病例组右侧额下回、左侧额中回及右侧颞下回邻近白质的FA值低(分别为0.67±0.10、0.57±0.09、0.50 ±0.12),左顶上小叶邻近白质的FA值高(0.55±0.15;P<0.001).病例组左额中回邻近白质的FA值与CARS中的与非生命物体的关系的得分呈负相关(r=-0.63,P=0.005).结论 高功能孤独症患儿多个部位的脑白质纤维的完整性受到破坏.     

2～3岁孤独谱系障碍儿童尾状核体积与重复刻板行为的关系

目的:对比2～3岁孤独谱系障碍(ASD)与发育迟缓(DD)儿童尾状核体积的差异,并探讨尾状核体积与重复刻板行为严重程度的关系。方法:使用ITK-SNAP软件分别计算并比较66例ASD儿童(ASD组)和36例年龄、性别、智商与之相匹配的DD儿童(DD组)的尾状核体积,并与由孤独症诊断访谈量表-修订版(ADI-R)所得重复刻板行为分数进行相关分析。结果:ASD组尾状核左侧(P=0.005)、右侧(P0.001)以及总体积(P=0.001)较DD组显著增大;尾状核左侧(r=0.359,P=0.004)、总体积(r=0.317,P=0.013)与ADI-R低水平重复刻板行为分呈显著正相关。结论:2～3岁的ASD儿童已表现出尾状核体积的异常增大,且与低水平的重复刻板行为有相关。     

脑白质高信号患者认知障碍与海马亚区萎缩的相关性研究

目的 探讨脑白质高信号（white matter hyperintensity,WMH）患者海马亚区的萎缩情况及其与认知 功能障碍的相关性。 方法 前瞻性连续纳入南京鼓楼医院2017年1月-2019年12月收治的WMH患者,将同期门诊招募的健 康志愿者作为正常对照。所有受试者接受头颅MRI检查及认知功能检查,根据MMSE和MoCA评分将 WMH患者分成无认知障碍组及认知障碍组。利用FreeSurfer 6.0软件进行海马亚区的分割,计算双侧 海马尾、下托、CA1、海马裂、前下托、旁下托、分子层、齿状回、CA3、CA4、海马伞及海马杏仁核过渡区 的亚区体积,同时计算脑室周围、深部及总WMH体积。比较对照组、WMH认知障碍组和WMH无认知障 碍组之间总海马体积及各海马亚区体积的差异。在WMH患者中分析萎缩的海马亚区与WMH体积的相 关性,在WMH伴认知障碍组中分析海马亚区体积与各个认知域功能障碍的相关性。 结果 共纳入对照组85例,WMH无认知障碍组79例及WMH认知障碍患者89例。与对照组相比,WMH 无认知障碍组患者右侧齿状回（P =0.006）、CA3（P =0.006）和CA4（P =0.020）海马亚区出现萎缩,而 WMH认知功能障碍组则表现为右侧下托（P =0.022）、分子层（P =0.003）、齿状回（P =0.001）、CA3 （P =0.039）、CA4（P =0.003）及双侧海马伞亚区（左侧P =0.004,右侧P =0.020）体积降低。在WMH患者 中,右侧齿状回体积与总WMH体积（r =-0.134,P =0.035）及室周WMH体积（r =-0.128,P =0.045）呈负 相关,右侧CA3体积同样与总WMH（r =-0.149,P =0.020）及室周WMH（r =-0.139,P =0.029）呈负相关。 此外,在WMH伴认知障碍组中,总体认知功能（r =0.315,P =0.004）及语言功能（r =0.318,P =0.006） 均与右侧下托体积呈正相关;执行功能则与右侧分子层（r =0.300,P =0.006）、齿状回（r =0.333, P =0.002）和CA4（r =0.323,P =0.003）的体积呈正相关。 结论 WMH患者表现为非对称性海马萎缩模式,以右侧海马萎缩为主。右侧分子层、齿状回及CA4区 亚区影响WMH患者执行功能而右侧下托的萎缩则影响总体认知和语言功能。     

孤独谱系障碍2～3岁患儿杏仁核体积的研究

目的 分析2～3岁孤独谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorder,ASD)儿童与发育障碍儿童杏仁核体积的差异,并对ASD儿童杏仁核体积与社会情绪功能之间的相关性进行研究.方法 对46例ASD儿童(ASD组)和39例年龄、性别、发育商与之匹配的发育障碍儿童(对照组)进行磁共振扫描,手工勾画杏仁核,比较两组杏仁核体积的差异,利用婴幼儿沟通及象征性行为发展量表(Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales Developmental Profile,CSBS-DP)评估患儿的社会交流能力,分析杏仁核体积与临床症状的相关性.结果 与对照组相比,2～3岁ASD儿童双侧杏仁核体积明显增大[左侧:(0.83 ±0.15) cm3与(0.72±0.13) cm3,t=3.55,P=0.001;右侧:(0.86±0.15)cm3与(0.77±0.12) cm3,t =2.83,P=0.006];在控制年龄和发育商后,ASD组儿童左侧杏仁核体积与社交领域中的手势项目(r=-0.331,P=0.042)及象征性行为领域中的游戏技巧项目均呈负相关(r=-0.333,P=0.041).结论 2～3岁的ASD儿童存在杏仁核体积增大,可能与患儿的社会情绪功能受损有关.     

DTI评价轻度认知障碍及轻中度阿尔茨海默病脑白质微细结构损害的研究

目的应用磁共振弥散张量成像(DTI)技术研究轻度认知障碍(MCI)及轻中度阿尔茨海默病(AD)患者脑白质微细结构的改变。方法对MCI患者、轻中度AD患者各12例及健康老年人12名(对照组)行常规MRI及DTI检查,测量其胼胝体压部、额叶、顶叶、颞叶、枕叶、内囊前肢及内囊后肢白质区部分各向异性分数(FA)和平均弥散率(MD)。将3组的FA、MD值进行比较,并与MMSE评分、单词回忆及单词再认评分进行相关性分析。结果 (1)MCI患者顶叶白质FA值为0.489±0.079,与对照组(0.558±0.079)相比下降(P0.05)。(2)AD患者额叶、顶叶及颞叶FA值分别为0.405±0.072、0.454±0.069和0.363±0.056,与对照组(分别为0.499±0.081、0.558±0.079和0.440±0.061)比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。AD患者胼胝体压部、额叶及顶叶MD值分别为0.978±0.082、0.920±0.054和0.81 7±0.045,均高于对照组(分别为0.801±0.093、0.820±0.084、0.712±0.096)(P0.05)。AD、MCI两组内囊前、后肢及枕叶FA及MD值分别与健康对照组比较均无统计学差异(P0.05)。(3)3组顶叶、颞叶FA值与MMSE、单词回忆及单词再认评分均有相关性(分别r=0.869、-0.621、-0.759,均P0.01;r=0.446、-0.486、-0.361,均P0.05),胼胝体压部FA值与单词再认评分有相关性(r=-0.343,P0.05);3组胼胝体压部及顶叶MD值与MMSE、单词回忆及单词再认评分均有相关性(分别r=-0.612、0.547、0.586,均P0.01;r=-0.576、0.499、0.519,均P0.01),内囊前肢MD值与MMSE评分相关(r=-0.340,P0.05)。结论 MCI及轻中度AD患者存在脑白质选择性微细结构损害,且该损害出现在与高级皮层功能相关的脑区,而与初级功能相关的区域未见明显受损。     

皮质下缺血性血管性认知损害扩散张量成像研究

目的通过扩散张量成像(DTI)探讨皮质下缺血性血管性认知损害患者白质微结构变化及其与认知功能之间的相关性。方法采集49例皮质下缺血性脑血管病患者[轻度血管性痴呆(VaD)10例、非痴呆型血管性认知损害(VCIND)20例、认知功能正常19例]DTI数据并观察皮质下白质微结构改变,分析VaD组患者DTI参数与认知功能间的相关性。结果与对照组相比,VaD组内侧前额叶、前扣带回、胼胝体干、双侧顶叶、右侧颞叶、双侧眶额叶,以及VCIND组右侧额下回、右侧海马、双侧楔前叶FA值减低(均P=0.000);与VCIND组比较,VaD组内侧前额叶、前扣带回、胼胝体、双侧顶叶、右侧颞叶FA值减低(P=0.000)。与对照组相比,VaD组内侧前额叶、胼胝体、双侧顶叶、双侧颞叶、前扣带回,以及VCIND组双侧楔前叶、右侧海马MD值升高(均P=0.000);与VCIND组相比,VaD组右侧内侧前额叶、前扣带回、胼胝体干、双侧顶叶、双侧颞叶MD值升高(均P=0.000)。VaD组内侧前额叶FA值与数字连线测验A时呈显著负相关(r=-0.782,P=0.007),双侧额下回MD值与数字连线试验A时程呈显著正相关(r=0.877,P=0.001)。结论 DTI对皮质下缺血性认知损害患者白质微结构改变更敏感,能够反映患者认知功能早期异常改变;内侧前额叶白质微结构的改变是影响患者执行能力的重要因素。     

脂肪酸代谢酶系在孤独症前额叶大脑皮质的表达

目的探讨脂肪酸代谢酶系--脂肪酸合成酶(fatty acid synthase,FAS)、乙酰辅酶A羧化酶(acetyl-CoA carboxylase,ACC)、乙酰辅酶A合成酶1(acetyl coenzyme A synthetase 1,AceCS1)和长链脂酰辅酶A合成酶1(long-chain acyl-coenzyme A synthetase 1,ACSL1)在孤独症患儿前额叶大脑皮质中的表达变化和意义。方法纳入孤独症儿童和对照儿童的新鲜冰冻脑组织各8例,分别取前额叶大脑皮质,采用蛋白质印迹(westernblotting)法测定其中FAS、ACC、AceCS1和ACSL1的蛋白表达水平。结果孤独症组FAS (0.61±0.70 vs. 0.49±0.10)和ACSL1(0.85±0.13 vs. 0.69±0.11)的蛋白表达水平均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P 0.05),ACC和AceCS1的表达两组相比差异无统计学意义(均P0.05)。结论孤独症前额叶大脑皮质中可能存在脂肪酸合成增加,脂肪酸代谢异常可能参与孤独症的发病。     

三指数模型在胶质瘤术前分级中的价值:3D兴趣区直方图分析

目的探讨多b值扩散加权序列的三指数模型拟合相关参数3D兴趣区直方图分析在胶质瘤术前分级中的价值。方法分析2016-08—2018-02经病理证实的46例(低级别组17例,高级别组29例)胶质瘤患者的MRI影像资料,分别测量三维ROI直方图分析三指数模型相关参数,对低级别组和高级别组上述参数进行比较。结果低级别和高级别组Ds-P5、Ds-P10、Ff-mean和Ff-median比较差异均有统计学意义,分别为:Ds-P5(0.76±0.08)×10~(-3) mm~2/s vs (0.73,0.06)×10~(-3) mm~2/s(IQR,P=0.010);Ds-P10(0.84±0.10)×10~(-3) mm~2/s vs (0.80,0.09)×10~(-3) mm~2/s (IQR,P=0.013);Ff-mean 0.20±0.04 vs 0.22±0.04(P=0.033);Ff-median 0.15±0.06 vs 0.20±0.04(P=0.003)。结论三指数模型3D兴趣区直方图分析相关参数可以很好地进行胶质瘤术前分级。     

Gender differences in the corpus callosum of neonates

The gender difference of corpus callosum is a long standing controversy. Some investigators have reported that adult females have a more bulbous splenium and larger area relative to brain size, but others failed to replicate this. Few studies have reported on sexual dimorphism during development. Midsagittal ultrasonographs were obtained through the anterior fontanelle of healthy Korean neonates (100 males, 100 females) and were analyzed with NIH Image. The total area of corpus callosum and sub-regions of corpus callosum showed no gender differences. However, the male corpus callosum had significantly more height than that of the female whereas there was no difference in width of the corpus callosum. The estimated average thickness of corpus callosum was greater in the female splenium.     

Corpus callosal area differences and gender dimorphism in neuroleptic-naïve, recent-onset schizophrenia and healthy control subjects

The study of corpus callosal morphometry is important to unravel the underlying connectivity disturbance in schizophrenia. We studied the corpus callosal area in schizophrenia subjects compared to healthy subjects, while controlling for several confounders that could affect morphometric measures of the corpus callosum (CC). Areas of the whole CC and its sub-regions obtained by two geometric partitioning schemes were studied in 23 right-handed neuroleptic-na?ve, recent-onset, schizophrenia patients and compared with 23 right-handed age-, sex- and education-matched healthy subjects. The patients did not differ from controls in whole CC area. On tripartite division of the CC, the area of the anterior sub-region was significantly higher in patients compared to controls. On radial division into 5 sub-regions, the anterior truncus area was significantly higher in patients compared to controls. There was a significant effect of gender (F>M) on the area measures; however there was no significant diagnosis()gender effect. Age, age of onset, duration of illness and psychopathology ratings did not show any significant correlations with whole CC area and area of CC sub-regions. The finding of increased area of the anterior truncus that possibly comprises white fibres connecting the temporal association cortices could be indicative of an "abnormal functional hyperconnection" involving these regions in positive symptom schizophrenia. Additionally, the finding of females having larger areas of the whole CC and of the anterior and middle sub-regions could reflect a "normal hyperconnection" underlying increased ambilaterality in females.     

Meta-analysis of corpus callosum size in schizophrenia.

Studies with MRI have shown differences in corpus callosum size between schizophrenic patients and controls. Most have found that the corpus callosum is smaller in schizophrenic patients, but in only a minority was this finding statistically significant, perhaps due to small sample sizes. Therefore a meta-analysis of 11 published studies of corpus callosum morphology in schizophrenia was conducted to ascertain whether there was a significant difference in corpus callosum size between schizophrenic patients and normal controls. These studies combined comprised 313 patients and 281 controls. Measures of corpus callosum midsagittal area, length, and corpus callosum area:brain area ratio were used in the meta-analysis. There was overall a statistically significant reduction in corpus callosum area in schizophrenic patients compared with controls (P < 0.02). Differences between patients and controls in measures of corpus callosum: brain area and corpus callosum length were not statistically significant. Age and corpus callosum area were related in both patients and controls. The influences on the corpus callosum of overall alterations of brain size, sex, handedness, and psychiatric illness in general remains to be determined.     

Atrophy and magnetization transfer ratio of the corpus callosum in patients with Alzheimer's disease]

We compared atrophy and magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) in the corpus callosum in patients with Alzheimer's disease and age-matched normal subjects. Fifteen patients with Alzheimer's disease and fourteen normal subjects received MRI. The corpus callosum was divided into three parts (anterior, middle, and posterior portions) on midsagittal slice, and their areas on T2-weighted reversed images and MTR on magnetization transfer contrast images in each portion were measured. The area and MTR decreased significantly in the posterior portion in patients with Alzheimer's disease. In the anterior portion, MTR decreased significantly, but although the area showed no significant change. In the middle portion, the area and MTR showed no significant change. MTR and the area was correlated in each portion in patients with Alzheimer's disease. The score of Hasegawa dementia scale-revised (HDS-R) and the area of the middle, posterior and total of corpus callosum were significantly related. The score of HDS-R and MTR in the anterior portion of corpus callosum were significantly related. The present study revealed decreases in MTR in the anterior portion of the corpus callosum of patients with Alzheimer's disease although the area showed no significant change, and this change suggests the increase in free water and/or the decrease in bound water in tissues, probably due to demyelination and axonal degeneration.     

Callosal anomalies in patients with spinal dysraphism: correlation of clinical and neuroimaging features with hemispheric abnormalities

Dysgenesis of the corpus callosum can occur in association with spinal dysraphic lesions. Clinical and neuroimaging features were reviewed in 23 patients (12 male, 11 female; mean age 11.3 years) with caudal spinal dysraphism (myeloschisis in eight, meningomyelocele in 10, and lumbosacral lipoma in five) to characterize types and degrees of callosal and other cerebral anomalies. T1- and T2-weighted magnetic resonance images were obtained, and the total midsagittal cross-sectional area of the corpus callosum was determined. The corpus callosum appeared normal in nine patients and was abnormal in 14. In five patients the corpus callosum was narrow, with all regions present; the cerebral hemispheres were hypoplastic. Two patients with dysgenesis of frontal, parietal, and occipital lobes had a small, partly agenetic corpus callosum. In the remaining seven patients the posterior third of the corpus callosum was absent or hypoplastic; six of them had ventriculomegaly that selectively affected the occipital horns (colpocephaly). All callosal anomalies were accompanied by hemispheric ones. This supports a disordered developmental relationship between the corpus callosum and the hemispheres as a cause. Spinal dysraphism can no longer be considered a single developmental abnormality, given the frequent association of other defects.     

Region-specific corpus callosum atrophy correlates with the regional pattern of cortical glucose metabolism in Alzheimer disease

BACKGROUND: Positron emission tomographic studies of patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) suggest a loss of metabolic functional interactions between different cortical regions. Atrophy of the corpus callosum as the major tract of intracortical connective fibers may reflect decreased cortical functional integration in AD. OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether regional atrophy of the corpus callosum is correlated with regional reductions of cortical glucose metabolism, as shown by positron emission tomography, and whether primary white matter degeneration is a possible cofactor of corpus callosum atrophy in AD. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We measured total and regional cross-sectional areas of the corpus callosum on midsagittal magnetic resonance imaging scans from 12 patients with AD and 15 age-matched control subjects. Regional cerebral metabolic rates for glucose in cortical lobes were measured by positron emission tomography using fludeoxyglucose F 18. White matter hyperintensities were rated in T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging scans. RESULTS: The total cross-sectional area of corpus callosum was significantly reduced in patients with AD, with the most prominent changes in the rostrum and splenium and relative sparing of the body of the corpus callosum. Frontal and parietal lobe metabolism was correlated with the truncal area of the corpus callosum in AD. The ratios of frontal to parietal and of frontal to occipital metabolism were correlated with the ratio of anterior to posterior corpus callosum area in the group with AD. White matter hyperintensities did not correlate with corpus callosum atrophy in the patients with AD. CONCLUSION: The regional pattern of corpus callosum atrophy correlated with reduced regional glucose metabolism independently of primary white matter degeneration in the patients with AD.     

Morphologic alterations in the corpus callosum in abuse-related posttraumatic stress disorder: a preliminary study

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies in children with maltreatment-related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have demonstrated smaller corpus callosum area, with the greatest magnitude of change in posterior portions of the corpus callosum. The purpose of this study was to measure corpus callosum area in adult female patients with childhood abuse-related PTSD and comparison subjects. MRI was used to measure the midsagittal area of the corpus callosum as well as subregions of the corpus callosum in 9 female subjects with abuse-related PTSD and 9 healthy female subjects. No differences were found in total area of the corpus callosum or in individual subregions, but the subregion/total area ratio was significantly smaller in posterior midbody in PTSD compared with the healthy subjects. These results suggest that relatively smaller areas of the posterior midbody of the corpus callosum are associated with childhood abuse related PTSD in adults; these findings are consistent with findings in children with abuse-related PTSD.     

Size of the Corpus Callosum in Cerebral Palsy

It has been suggested that the size of the corpus callosum may have diagnostic significance in cerebral palsy, although this relationship is incompletely defined. Ninety-one patients with cerebral palsy had been studied by magnetic resonance imaging in the 5-year period from 1990 to 1994. Fifty-seven of these 91 patients had a technically appropriate midsagittal magnetic resonance image for quantitative morphometric analysis. The ratio of the area of the corpus callosum to the area of the supratentorial brain was compared to published age- and gender-specific norms. Imaging findings were correlated with clinical history and cause of cerebral palsy. The corpus callosum was of normal size in 43 patients and more than 2 standard deviations below the mean in 14 patients. The causes for cerebral palsy included hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (32), cerebral dysgenesis (8), and porencephalic strokes (6); the etiology could not be established in 11 patients. The size of the corpus callosum was highly correlated with the cause of cerebral palsy, such that all patients with cerebral dysgenesis had hypoplasia of the corpus callosum (one-sided z test, p < 0.0001). Conversely, the callosum was of normal size in 32 of 38 patients with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy and porencephalic strokes. The presence of a hypoplastic corpus callosum is highly associated with cerebral dysgenesis as a cause for cerebral palsy.     

Shape differences in the corpus callosum in first-episode schizophrenia and first-episode psychotic affective disorder

OBJECTIVE: The corpus callosum, the largest white matter tract in the brain, is a midline structure associated with the formation of the hippocampus, septum pellucidum, and cingulate cortex, which have been implicated in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Corpus callosum shape deformation, therefore, may reflect a midline neurodevelopmental abnormality. METHOD: Corpus callosum area and shape were analyzed in 14 first-episode psychotic patients with schizophrenia, 19 first-episode psychotic patients with affective disorder, and 18 normal comparison subjects. RESULTS: No statistically significant corpus callosum area differences between groups were found, but there were differences in the structure's shape between the patients with schizophrenia and the comparison subjects. A correlation between width and angle of the corpus callosum was found in patients with affective disorder. CONCLUSIONS: Corpus callosum shape abnormalities in first-episode psychotic patients with schizophrenia may reflect a midline neurodevelopmental abnormality.