血塞通治疗脑梗死的效果评估

目的评估血塞通治疗脑梗死的效果。方法选取我院收治的脑梗死患者120例为研究对象,利用计算机随机分为观察组与对照组各60例。对照组采用丹参注射液治疗,观察组采用血塞通注射液治疗。分析治疗后2组神经功能缺损情况、不良反应、血液流变学指标变化及临床治疗效果等。结果经治疗观察组总有效率96.67%(58/60),显著优于对照组的86.67%(52/60),差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。2组治疗前神经功能缺损评分比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后观察组神经功能缺损评分(8.07±6.92)分,显著低于对照组的(13.28±7.21)分,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后观察组血液流变学指标,如血小板凝聚率、血栓形成系数及全血黏度均显著优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),而治疗前2组血液流变学指标差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后观察组不良反应发生率8.33%(5/60),显著低于对照组的25.0%(15/60),差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论血塞通治疗脑梗死疗效显著,可显著改善患者神经功能情况及血液流变学指标,降低不良反应发生率,值得临床应用。     

丹红注射液治疗急性脑梗死36例临床观察

目的 观察丹红注射液治疗急性脑梗死患者的临床疗效,并探讨其作用机制.方法 急性脑梗死患者72例,随机分为治疗组(36例)和对照组(36例).在常规治疗基础上对照组采用血塞通注射液静滴20ml/d;治疗组应用丹红注射液静滴30 ml /d,2组均2周为1个疗程.治疗前和治疗1个疗程后进行临床疗效评定及血液流变学检测.结果 治疗组总显效率优于对照组(P＜0.05);治疗后治疗组全血高切粘度、全血低切粘度、红细胞比积、血浆粘度、红细胞变形指数均显著改善(P＜0.05);治疗组未发现不良反应.结论 丹红注射液可通过改善血液流变学发挥治疗急性脑梗死的作用,且安全、高效.     

银杏达莫注射液治疗急性脑梗死的疗效及对血液流变学和纤维蛋白原含量的影响

目的 观察银杏达莫注射液治疗急性脑梗死的疗效及对血液流变学和纤维蛋白原含量的影响.方法 将96例急性脑梗死患者随机分为两组,银杏达莫组(39例)给予银杏达莫注射液20 ml加入生理盐水500 ml静脉滴注,对照组(57例)给予血塞通注射液10 ml加入生理盐水500 ml静脉滴注,均每天1次;连用14 d.于治疗前后分别进行神经功能缺损程度评分(评价临床疗效)、血液流变学指标和纤维蛋白原含量的检测及头颅CT检查.结果 银杏达莫组总有效率(94.9%)明显高于对照组(78.9%)(P＜0.05),银杏达莫组治疗后血液流变学指标和纤维蛋白原含量比治疗前显著下降(均P＜0.05).银杏达莫组与对照组治疗后头颅CT病灶缩小或密度改善分别为25例(71.4%)、24例(49.0%),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).对照组全血黏度(30s-1)、红细胞压积比治疗前明显降低(均P＜0.05),其他与治疗前差异无统计学意义.结论 银杏达莫注射液治疗急性脑梗死效果明显,并能明显改善急性脑梗死患者的血液流变学指标,使纤维蛋白原含量下降.     

血塞通注射液对急性脑梗死疗效及血栓形成的影响

目的评价血塞通注射液对急性脑梗死(ACI)的临床疗效,并观察其对血栓形成的影响。方法将124例确诊的ACI患者随机分为2组,对照组(n=62)给予常规治疗,观察组(n=62)在对照组基础上加用血塞通注射液,比较2组患者的临床效果和治疗前后的血液流变学指标、凝血指标。结果观察组的总有效率高于对照组(P0.05);观察组治疗后的全血黏度高切、低切水平较对照组升高幅度更大(P0.05),血浆黏度无差异(P0.05);2组患者治疗后的凝血酶原时间、纤维蛋白原水平及D-二聚体水平较治疗前显著改善(P0.05),且组间比较差异显著(P0.05)。结论血塞通注射液能够有效改善ACI患者的血液流变学指标和凝血指标,具有较好的抗血小板聚集、抑制血栓形效果,利于改善患者预后。     

银杏达莫注射液治疗脑梗死的疗效观察

目的 观察银杏达莫注射液对脑梗死患者血液流变学的影响及临床疗效.方法 将68例脑梗死患者随机分为2组,治疗组34例给予银杏达莫注射液,对照组34例给予复方丹参注射液,14d为1疗程,观察治疗前后2组间血液流变学指标的变化及临床疗效.结果 治疗后2组患者血液流变学指标均有改善,治疗组与对照组相比差异有统计学意义,尤其对血小板聚集率的影响更加显著,且治疗过程中未见不良反应.结论 银杏达莫注射液能明显改善血液流变学特征,拮抗血小板的聚集,治疗脑梗死疗效确切、安全.     

马来酸桂哌齐特治疗急性脑梗死的疗效及对血液流变学的影响

目的：观察马来酸桂哌齐特注射液治疗急性脑梗死的临床效果及对血液流变学的影响。方法选择2009-12-2012-12我院内科收治的急性脑梗死患者133例,随机分为治疗组68例和对照组65例。2组均给予常规基础治疗,治疗组在对照组基础上应用马来酸桂哌齐特注射液320 mg加入500 mL 0.9％氯化钠注射液中静滴,1次/d ,共应用14 d ,治疗前后采用改良爱丁堡-斯堪的那维亚量表（SSS ）与日常生活能力（ADL ）量表对2组患者的疗效进行评定。对比治疗前后2组患者血液流变学指标变化。结果治疗7 d、14 d后治疗组SSS评分、ADL评分与对照组比较差异有统计学意义（ P＜0.05）。治疗组治疗前后SSS评分、ADL评分比较差异有统计学意义（ P＜0.05）。2组治疗后总有效率比较差异有统计学意义（ P＜0.05）。治疗组治疗后血液流变学指标均较治疗前有显著改善（ P＜0.05）。结论马来酸桂哌齐特注射液治疗急性脑梗死安全有效,且能显著改善患者的血液流变学指标。     

丹红注射液联合脑心通胶囊治疗急性脑梗死临床观察

目的探讨丹红注射液联合脑心通胶囊治疗脑梗死的临床疗效及作用机制。方法82例脑梗死患者随机分为治疗组(丹红注射液联合脑心通胶囊 阿司匹林)和对照组(丹参注射液 阿司匹林),治疗前后分别测定血液流变学和血流动力学参数,进行神经功能缺损评分及日常生活能力评定,观察临床疗效。结果治疗组治疗后血液流变学和血流动力学参数、神经功能缺损评分及日常生活能力均较治疗前明显改善(P<0.05),且优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论丹红注射液联合脑心通胶囊对脑梗死患者有较好的疗效。     

氯吡格雷联合丹参注射液治疗急性脑梗死效果评价

目的观察氯吡格雷联合丹参注射液治疗脑梗死的临床效果。方法选择脑梗死患者98例,随机分为观察组和对照组各49例。2组基础治疗相同,观察组在此基础治疗上给予氯吡格雷联合丹参注射液治疗,观察2组患者治疗前后血液流变学指标、NIHSS神经功能评分、GQOLI-74生活质量评分变化。结果观察组血液流变学指标、NIHSS神经功能评分、GQOLI-74生活质量评分各项指标均好于对照组,治疗总有效率明显高于对照组。结论氯吡格雷联合丹参注射液治疗急性脑梗死,能改善患者神经功能缺失,显著提高患者生活质量,改善患者的预后。     

银杏叶注射液对老年急性缺血性脑病的疗效研究

目的观察银杏叶注射液对老年急性缺血性脑病的疗效及对血液流变学的影响。方法将119例急性缺血性脑病患者随机分为观察组61例与对照组58例,观察组予银杏叶注射液静滴,对照组予复方丹参注射液静滴,疗程均为15d。结果银杏叶治疗组在总有效率、神经功能缺损评分及血液流变学指标均优于复方丹参对照组,两组比较差异有显著意义（P〈0.05）。结论银杏叶注射液对老年急性缺血性脑病疗效明显且安全。     

血塞通与维脑路通注射液治疗缺血性脑血管病临床效果探讨

目的 评价血塞通注射液与维脑路通注射液治疗缺血性脑血管病的临床疗效.方法 将符合脑血管疾病诊断标准的患者315例随机分为治疗组210例,对照组105例.2组常规治疗相同,治疗组给予血塞通注射液,对照组给予维脑路通注射液.结果 治疗组显著进步率60%,对照组显著进步率37.14%,2组比较有显著性差异(P＜0.01).结论 血塞通注射液与维脑路通注射液均能治疗缺血性脑血管病,但血塞通注射液疗效优于维脑路通注射液.     

Denervation study of synapses of organ of corti of old world monkeys

Fine structural characteristics of synapses in the spiral organ of Corti were examined, with reference to differences between inner and outer haircell systems, and to location of neurons of origin of efferent axons. Surgical interruption of crossed olivocochlear bundle, of vestibular nerve, of facial nerve, and excision of superior cervical ganglia were used to determine the pathways of efferent axons. Interruption of the vestibular nerve near the brainstem results in degeneration of all efferent terminals on outer hair cells. Mid-line lesions at, and caudal to, the facial colliculus result in degeneration of about half of these efferent terminals. Efferent synaptic bulbs to the inner hair-cell system are small, of the order of one micron, and form type 2 junctions with afferent dendrites. They tend to have more large dense-core vesicles (about 80 nm) than the large efferent terminals of the outer hair-cell system, and appear to be the terminals of axons in the habenula perforata, which exhibit varicosities laden with large dense core vesicles. The varicosities are unaffected by excision of the superior cervical ganglia. So far as our material can reveal, it appears that the varicosities in the habenula perforata do not survive vestibular root interruption, nor do the efferent processes in the internal spiral bundle or at the base of inner hair cells. Most interestingly, the afferent processes of the inner hair-cell system, as identified for example by their relation to pre-synaptic bodies in the inner hair cells, are subject to a trans-synaptic reaction after severance of the vestibular root. They undergo a dramatic cytological transformation, characterized by increase of volume, engorgement with microtubules, microfilaments, microvesicles of various sizes, and clusters of lysosomes. Thus, both the efferent and afferent terminals of the inner hair-cell system show marked cytological differences from the corresponding terminals of the outer hair cell system.     

Mechanism of action of tubocurarine on nicotinic cholinoreceptors of neurons of the sympathetic ganglia of rats

Tubocurarine (Tc) effect on membrane currents elicited by acetylcholine (ACh) was studied in isolated superior cervical ganglion neurons of rat using patch-clamp method in the whole-cell recording mode. The "use-dependent" block of ACh current by Tc was revealed in the experiments with ACh applications, indicating that Tc blocked the channels opened by ACh. Mean lifetime of Tc-open channel complex, tau, was found to be 9.8 +/- 0.5 s (n = 7) at -50 mV and 20-24 degrees C. tau exponentially increased with membrane hyperpolarization (e-fold change in tau corresponded to the membrane potential shift by 61 mV). Inhibition of the ACh-induced current by Tc (3-30 microM/1) was completely abolished by membrane depolarization to the level of 80-100 mV. Inhibition of ACh-induced current was augmented at increased ACh doses. It is concluded that the open channel block produced by Tc is likely to be the only mechanism for Tc action on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in superior cervical ganglion neurons of rat.     

The effect of age of onset of PD on risk of dementia

Background Dementia occurs in the majority of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Late onset of PD has been reported to be associated with a higher risk for dementia. However, age at onset (AAO) and age at baseline assessment are often correlated. The aim of this study was to explore whether AAO of PD symptoms is a risk factor for dementia independent of the general effect of age. Methods Two community-based studies of PD in New York (n = 281) and Rogaland county, Norway (n = 227) and two population-based groups of healthy elderly from New York (n = 180) and Odense, Denmark (n = 2414) were followed prospectively for 3–4 years and assessed for dementia according to DSM-IIIR. All PD and control cases underwent neurological examination and were followed with neurological and neuropsychological assessments. We used Cox proportional hazards regression based on three different time scales to explore the effect of AAO of PD on risk of dementia, adjusting for age at baseline and other demographic and clinical variables. Findings In both PD groups and in the pooled analyses, there was a significant effect of age at baseline assessment on the time to develop dementia, but there was no effect of AAO independent of age itself. Consistent with these results, there was no increased relative effect of age on the time to develop dementia in PD cases compared with controls. Interpretation This study shows that it is the general effect of age, rather than AAO that is associated with incident dementia in subjects with PD. Received in revised form: 22 December 2005     

Limits of deinstitutionalization--perspectives of relatives of psychiatric patients

After a hopeful beginning, the social process of the reintegration of those with severe mental illness has come to a standstill. I am led to wonder whether "the community" really wants to live together with people suffering from severe mental illness, and if so, how closely? As long as the medical treatment of mental illness provided by the general practitioners is fundamentally deficient, as they are not able to prescribe the necessary interventions--such as out-patient psychiatric nursing, and service providers in the out-patient sector are content with offering increasingly intensive forms of care for the less seriously ill at the cost of the Social Welfare System--the reintegration of those with serious mental illness remains an illusion--which is mainly to the benefit of providers of residential care in homes and hostels.     

Summary of legislation of 1935 of interest to the department of Mental Hygiene

Psychiatric Quarterly -