基因工程单链抗体的研究进展

抗体的ＶＨ基因的ＶＬ基因经寡核苷酸接头连接成ＳｃＦｙ基因，转入原核或真核表达系统中表达，表达产物具有与亲本抗体相同的抗原结合特性和能力。在ＳｃＦｖ基因的ＶＬＣ端连连接柔曲的铰链和易形成螺旋束或卷曲螺旋结构的寡核苷酸，表达产物能在活细胞内折叠成具有活性的双价ＳｃＦｖ。ＳｃＦｖ是研究蛋白质结构与功能最理想的实验系统，本文拟就有关问题作一综述。     

人源抗乳腺癌单链抗体ScFv的基因克隆

乳腺癌的发病率在我国呈上升趋势。鼠源性单克隆抗体(mAb)抗不适用于人体,而人源化mAb则在乳腺癌的诊断、靶向治疗中具有较高的应用价值。为此,我们从乳腺癌细胞体外致敏乳腺癌患者外周血中分离的淋巴细胞,利用噬菌体抗体库技术克隆了人抗体基因,以期获得抗乳腺癌的人源化单链抗体。1材料和方法1.1 材料 质粒提取试剂盒(Wizard plus SV minipreps DNApurification)、DNA纯化试剂盒(Wizard DNA clean up)、SfiI和Not I内切酶、T4 DNA连接酶均购于Promega公司;RNA纯化     

基因工程单链抗体应用于AIDS诊断和治疗的研究现状

基因工程单链抗体应用于ＡＩＤＳ诊断和治疗的研究现状郑永唐１贲昆龙１单克隆抗体（ＭｃＡｂ）技术是免疫学技术的一次革命。由于ＭｃＡｂ特异性高、均一、滴度高、可大量生产等优点，促进了生命科学中众多学科的发展，在疾病的诊断、治疗及发病机制的研究方面也起了巨大...     

人源性抗乳腺癌单链抗体库的筛选与初步鉴定

目的:本研究旨在已构建的大容量人源性抗乳腺癌噬菌体单链抗体库的基础上,筛选出高亲和力的特异性单链抗体(scFv)并对抗体基本特性进行初步鉴定。方法:以人乳腺癌细胞系MCF-7为靶标,经过4轮淘洗,筛选出高亲和力的特异性抗乳腺癌scFv,并对其结构序列进行分析;通过ELISA和Western blot方法,鉴定scFv的亲和力和特异性,以及其蛋白的基本表达情况。结果:成功构建具有高亲和力的抗乳腺癌单链抗体库,获得scFv的长度约为750 bp,ELISA证实所得抗体对乳腺癌细胞具有良好的亲和力和高度的特异性,IPTG诱导表达及Western blot结果显示,scFv为相对分子质量(Mr)30 000的可溶性蛋白。结论:本研究在已构建的大容量抗乳腺癌单链抗体库的基础上,筛选获得了高亲和力的抗乳腺癌单链抗体库。研究结果为进一步获得可应用于临床诊断和治疗的乳腺癌靶向性抗体奠定了良好的基础。     

抗人VEGF165单链抗体的构建与表达

为降低鼠源抗体对人体的免疫原性,构建表达了ＶｍＤ１１的单链抗体。方法用ｏｖｅｒｌａｐＰＣＲ构建出单链抗体的基因,克隆入表达载体ｐＫｐＬ－３ａ,在大直菌ｏｐｏ２１３６中表达,采用抗原结合ＥＬＩＳＡ和竞争抑制ＥＬＩＳＡ测定活性。结果经ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ检测,诱导后的细菌表达了２６ｋＤ的蛋白;ＷｅｓｔｅｒｎＢｌｏｔ证实该蛋白为表达的单链抗体。经变性,复性后,该单链抗体可特异结合人ＶＥＧＦ１６５抗原,并与Ｖ     

人活化血小板单抗SZ-51单链抗体的基因构建及高效表达

目的　为降低鼠源性抗体对人体的免疫原性并降低其分子量 ,进行了人活化血小板单克隆抗体SZ 5 1单链抗体 (ScFv)的基因构建及表达 ,希望摸索出一套稳定、高效表达SZ 5 1ScFv的方法。方法　同时构建了两种不同的SZ 5 1ScFv表达载体pHEN1 5 1ScFv及pET2 0b 5 1ScFv ,并分别导入大肠杆菌HB2 15 1及BL2 1(DE3)plys中进行表达 ,同时对它们的表达特性进行了比较。结果　pHEN1 5 1ScFv在HB2 15 1中经IPTG诱导后 ,SZ 5 1ScFv以可溶性形式分泌至细菌培养上清中。pET2 0b 5 1ScFv在BL2 1(DE3)plys中经IPTG诱导后 ,SZ 5 1ScFv以可溶性与不溶性的包涵体两种形式存在 ,其表达量占菌体总蛋白的 2 0 %。经Westernblot证明两种体系表达产物均维持了亲本抗体与活化血小板特异性结合的能力。结论　pET2 0b表达体系对于SZ 5 1ScFv而言是一种稳定、高效的表达体系。但其包涵体部分的变复性条件仍需进一步探讨。     

抗人大肠癌单链抗体与绿色荧光蛋白融合基因的构建和表达

目的构建并表达绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)和鼠抗人大肠癌单链抗体ND-1scFv的融合蛋白,产生具有荧光的抗体。方法将鼠抗人大肠癌单链抗体ND-1scFv的基因克隆到pET28a(+)-GFP的表达载体,转化到大肠杆菌BL21中进行融合基因ND-1-scFv/GFP诱导表达。Ni-NTA亲和层析对表达产物进行分离、纯化,免疫印迹和荧光显微镜方法验证融合蛋白的表达。结果 ND-1scFv被克隆到表达载体pET28a(+)-GFP中,诱导表达的融合蛋白以包涵体形式存在,分子量为58kDa。SDS-PAGE灰度扫描结果显示纯化后的蛋白纯度为90%,荧光显微镜检测显示,表达有目的蛋白的大肠杆菌BL21具有明显的绿色荧光。结论成功构建并表达融合基因ND-1-scFv/GFP,为该单抗的肿瘤特异成像研究奠定了基础。E.coli     

抗人纤维蛋白单链抗体的人源化

目的：人源化抗人纤维蛋白单莲抗体,降低人抗鼠抗体反应。方法：从人免疫球蛋白基因数据库中挑选到与鼠源抗人纤维蛋白单链抗体ｓｃＦｖ－８Ｅ５重链（ＶＨ－８Ｅ５）同源性最高的序列,作为人源化改造的框架,其中植入ｓｃＦｖ－８Ｅ５的互补决定区。人工合成其ＤＮＡ连接酶连接成完整的人源化ＶＨ－８Ｅ５和ＶＬ－８Ｅ５,构建表达载体,转化ＪＭ１０９后用ＩＰＴＧ诱导表达,ＥＬＩＳＡ测定其抗原结合活性。结果：表达产物分子量     

抗人肺癌单链抗体噬菌体库的构建及特异性单链抗体的鉴定

目的 构建人源噬菌体抗体库,并从中筛选出抗肺癌人源单链抗体。方法 提取肺癌患者癌旁淋巴结组织,通过RT-PCR扩增出重链可变区基因（VH）和轻链可变区基因（VL）,再经剪切-重叠-延伸PCR(SOE-PCR)将VH 和VL连接得到单链抗体（ScFv）。将双酶切后的ScFv基因片段克隆入噬菌体表达载体pCANTAB5E,得到初级噬菌体抗体库。以肺腺癌细胞株A549为抗原对抗体库进行4轮筛选富集,鉴定抗体库性能。将得到的阳性克隆用IPTG诱导表达并进行检测。结果 成功构建噬菌体单链抗体库。经筛选富集,噬菌体收获率得到增加,第4轮是第1轮的115倍。随机选取10个克隆,通过ELISA法检测到其中7个与A549细胞呈阳性反应,阳性率为70%。SDS-PAGE及ELISA检测证实得到人源抗肺癌单链抗体。结论 成功构建人源单链抗体噬菌体库,从中获得具有较高特异性的抗人肺癌单链抗体。     

超抗原葡萄球菌肠毒素与抗人大肠癌单链抗体ND-1 scFv融合基因的构建、表达及活性分析

目的:构建并表达超抗原葡萄(SEA)和鼠抗人大肠癌单链抗体ND-1scFv的融合蛋白,以提高SEA的靶向杀伤作用。方法:构建超抗原SEA和鼠抗人大肠癌单链抗ND-1scFv的融合基因ND-1 scFv/SEA的表达载体,转化到大肠杆菌E.coli M15中进行诱导表达。Ni-NTA亲和层析对表达产物进行分离、纯化。间接免疫荧光法检测融合蛋白的靶向结合活性,MTT法检测靶向杀伤效率。结果:成功构建了融合基因ND-1scFv/SEA,实现功能性表达,纯化的ND-1scFv/SEA融合蛋白与表达有ND-1相应抗原的大肠癌细胞CCL-187有高度亲和活性,通过激活外周血单核细胞,可特异性杀伤靶细胞,在4μg/mL浓度下对CCL-187的杀伤率达到91%,明显优于SEA的杀伤活性。结论:融合蛋白ND-1 scFv/SEA对大肠癌细胞CCL-187具有靶向结合和杀伤活性,为SEA用于靶向性的大肠癌治疗奠定了基础。     

Rescue of human monoclonal antibody production from an EBV-transformed B cell line by fusion to a human-mouse hybridoma

A human-mouse cell line that is hypoxanthine-aminopterin-thymidine sensitive and ouabain resistant was derived from a fusion between human B lymphocytes and a mouse myeloma line. This new mutant, when fused to a relatively unstable EBV-transformed B cell secreting a human monoclonal anti-A (red blood cell antigen) antibody, resulted in stable hybridomas capable of long term production of the specific human monoclonal antibody. Furthermore, some of the hybrid clones secreted antibody in far greater titer than the original EBV cell line. We conclude that fusion to this human-mouse line is an efficient approach to the production of human monoclonal alloantibodies and an effective method of 'rescuing' secretion of desired antibody from EBV cell lines.     

Generation and characterization of a human monoclonal IgG antibody specific for HLA-B12

Abstract: We describe here the generation and characterization of a human monoclonal IgG antibody (UL/F14) specific for HLA-B12. The antibody is suitable for complement-dependent lysis on lymphoblastoid cell lines and stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells. UL/F14 competes for antigen binding with an HLA-B12 human monoclonal IgM antibody and with a specific alloantiserum. Protein chemistry shows that the monoclonal antibody UL/F14 can precipitate solubilized HLA-B12 molecules.     

胃癌单抗MGd1的噬菌体呈现型ScFv的制备

目的 制备胃癌单抗MGd1的单链可变区片段（single chain variable fragment,ScFv),为胃癌体内诊疗研究提供候选靶向载体分子。方法 从MGd1杂交瘤分离mRNA,RT-PCR分别扩增抗体重、轻链可变区基因（VH和VLDNA）,二者经linkerDNA连接形成ScFvDNA,将ScFvDNA与载体pCANTAB5E的连接产物转化于大肠杆菌TG1,经M13KO7感染后,获得重组噬菌体抗体ScFv,以高表达MGd1结合抗原的细胞株KATOⅢ对重组噬菌体抗体ScFv进行峡谷轮筛选后;随机挑取克隆经ELISA筛选MGd1ScFv单克隆,并对其结合抗原的能力进行鉴定。结果 VH、VL和ScFvDNA分别约为340、320和750bp,经两轮亲和筛选后,在随机筛检的30个克隆中得到12个噬菌体呈现型MGd1ScFv单克隆,其中结合抗原能力强的克隆有5个。结论 用噬菌体呈现技术成功地获得了单抗MGd1的ScFv,为拓展该抗体的应用范围奠定了基础。     

An evaluation of the cell cycle-associated monoclonal antibody Ki-S1 as a prognostic factor in primary invasive adenocarcinoma of the breast

Immunohistochemical staining with the novel monoclonal antibody Ki-S1, believed to recognize a cell cycle-associated antigen, was investigated in 110 cases of invasive carcinoma of the breast. Immunoreactivity indices were compared with disease-free interval (DFI), overall survival, and a series of other prognostic indicators. Significant positive correlations were found between the percentage of strongly positive immunoreactive nuclei and tumour size, histological grade and type, vascular invasion, and mitotic count. A significant negative correlation was found with age. No significant correlation was found with either DFI or overall survival. Although a correlation with mitotic count does imply that the Ki-S1 antigen is cell cycle-associated to some extent, Ki-S1 does not appear to be a useful prognostic factor in human breast carcinoma.     

Studies of c-jun oncogene expression in human breast using a new monoclonal antibody,NCL-DK4

A new monoclonal antibody to human c-jun oncoprotein, designated NCL-DK4, has been produced. NCL-DK4 has been proved to be highly effective for use on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues, enabling the study of c-jun expression at a cellular level in both normal and neoplastic human tissues. The expression of c-jun oncogene has been examined in normal, benign, and malignant breast tissues, and c-jun-specific immunoreactivity in carcinomas has been related to histological type, tumour grade, c-erbB-2, oestrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and epidermal growth factor receptor expression. Normal and benign breast tissues showed c-jun-specific immunostaining, which was weaker and in fewer cells compared with the c-jun immunoreactivity observed in breast carcinomas. No relationship was found between the degree of immunostaining and the extent of proliferative changes in benign breast tissues. Ninety per cent of all breast carcinomas studied showed c-jun-specific nuclear staining. There were no statistically significant differences in the intensity of c-jun immunoreactivity among grade I, II, and III infiltrating ductal carcinomas. There was no significant relationship between c-jun oncoprotein expression and c-erbB-2, oestrogen, progesterone, and epidermal growth factor receptor immunoreactivity.     

A novel HLA-A determinant recognized by a cytotoxic human hybridoma IgG1 monoclonal antibody (TrJ14)

Abstract: TrJ14 is a cytotoxic human IgG1Λ hybridoma mAb that recognized a novel HLA-A epitope expressed by lymphoblastoid B cells that are homo- or heterozygous for A2, A3, A11, A30, A31, A33, A68 and A69. Based on these results, the HLA type of cell line TEM (10w9057) was retyped as A66. When peripheral blood T cells isolated freshly from 265 HLA-typed normal individuals served as targets, TrJ14 killed cells expressing two TrJ14-positive HLA-A alleles, as well as the majority of cells having one TrJ14-positive and one TrJ14-negative HLA-A antigen. However, TrJ14 failed to recognize or reacted weakly with most HLA-A2 and -A3 heterozygous normal T cells when A2 or A3 was coexpressed together with a TrJ14-negative antigen. The serological reactivity of TrJ14 correlated with the amino acid valine and aspartic acid at positions 76 and 77 of the αl-domain helix. These amino acids were shared exclusively by all the identified TrJ14⁺ alleles.     

一株鼠抗人PD-1功能性单克隆抗体的研制及其生物学特性的鉴定

研制特异性鼠抗人PD-1功能性单克隆抗体,并对其生物学特性进行鉴定。以高表达人PD-1分子的基因转染细胞L929/PD-1作为免疫原,常规免疫BALB/c小鼠,采用B淋巴细胞杂交瘤技术进行细胞融合,以L929/PD-1作为抗体筛选细胞,L929/mock为对照细胞,经间接免疫荧光标记和流式细胞术分析、反复筛选和多次克隆化培养,筛选出分泌特异性鼠抗人PD-1单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株;采用Western blot、Ig亚型快速定性试纸法、间接免疫荧光法、竞争结合抑制试验和MTT增殖实验对单抗进行生物学特性的分析。结果表明,成功获得1株特异、稳定分泌鼠抗人PD-1单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株,命名为6E2。对6E2生物学功能的研究结果提示,该单抗能够识别活化T细胞表达的PD-1分子,且在体外能够显著抑制T细胞的增殖和细胞因子的分泌。获得的特异性鼠抗人PD-1功能性单克隆抗体,通过激发PD-1负性途径能够有效抑制T细胞的功能,为进一步研究PD-1信号奠定了物质基础。     

Construction and expression of a single chain antibody mimicing human ovarian cancer antigen CA125

One concept for immune therapy of cancer involves induction of antigen mimic antibodies to trigger the immune response against tumor cells. Anti-idiotypic antibodies directed against the antigen-binding site of antibodies specific for tumor antigen may functionally and even structurally mimic antigen and induce anti-anti-idiotypic immune response. Monoclonal antibody WJ02 is one of such anti-idiotypic antibodies, which contains internal image of CA125. In order to improve the immunospecificity of mAb WJ02, we constructed a single chain of mAb WJ02 in Vl-linker-Vh orientation. The scFv-WJ02 could be expressed and secreted in the recombinant Pichia pastoris system. The secreted scFv protein with a molecular weight of 30 kD retained the biological activity of mAb WJ02, which was proved by a direct binding assay and inhibition experiment. Our results indicated that the scFv-WJ02 could be used as a possible tool for idiotypic therapy against ovarian cancer, which might enhance the possibility of eliminating nonspecific responses induced by mAb WJ02.