附丽病的放射学评估

Background: Enthesopathy or attachment disease or Fuli inflammation is characterized by nonspecific inflammation of tendon, ligament,articular cyst,and periost caused by various injuries, which mainly contributes to ankylosing spondylitis or other diseases.     

甲状舌管囊肿（英文）

<正>Key Facts Definition:Thyroglossal duct cyst (TGDC) is remnant of thyroglossal duct found between foramen cecum of tongue base and thyroid bed of infrahyoid neck.Classic imaging appearance:Cystic neck mass with thin rim of peripheral enhancement, located in midline. Can occur in tongue base, at hyoid bone,     

Large pelvic mass arising from the cervical stump: A case report

BACKGROUND A large cervical cyst with a cervical high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion arising from the cervical stump is rare.After supracervical hysterectomy,there is a risk of various lesions occurring in the cervical stump.We review the types and characteristics of cervical stump lesions and compare total hysterectomy with subtotal hysterectomy.Gynecologists should choose the most suitable surgical method based on both the patient’s condition and wishes.If the cervix is retained,patients require a close follow-up.CASE SUMMARY A 57-year-old woman was admitted to the Gynecology Department for a large pelvic mass.Her chief complaint was abdominal distention for two months.She had undergone subtotal supracervical hysterectomy for leiomyoma 14 years prior.Abdominal ultrasonography detected a 9.1 cm×8.5 cm×8.4 cm anechoic mass with silvery fluid in the pelvic cavity and high-risk human papilloma virus 53(HPV53)was positive.The admission diagnosis we first considered was a pelvic mass mimicking carcinoma of the cervical stump.We performed a laparotomy and a rapid frozen biopsy was suggestive of a fibrous cyst wall coated with a high squamous intraepithelial lesion.The pelvic mass was removed,and a bilateral adnexectomy was implemented.Final pathology confirmed that the pelvic mass was a large inflammatory cyst with a cervical high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion.After successful intervention,the patient was discharged one week after surgery and there was no recurrence of the vaginal stump at 43 mo.CONCLUSION When addressing benign uterine diseases,gynecologists should pay adequate attention to retaining the cervix.If the cervix is retained,patients require a close follow-up.     

Germ-Cell Tumors——Teratoma and Dermoid Cyst

<正>Several different tumors,originating from rests of primitive germ cells, can occur in the anterior mediastinum.These include teratoma,dermoid cyst, seminoma,choriocarcinoma,and endodermal sinus tumor.These tumors are less common than thymoma.Approximately 80%of germ-cell tumors are benign.Germ-cell tumors are usually considered in three categories:teratoma and dermoid cyst,seminoma,and nonseminomatous germ-cell tumors.     

Congenital pulmonary airway malformation: A report of two cases

Congenital pulmonary airway malformation(CPAM), previously known as congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation is a congenital disorder of the lung similar to bronchopulmonary sequestration. In CPAM, usually an entire lobe of lung is replaced by a non-working cystic piece of abnormal lung tissue. This abnormal tissue will never function as normal lung tissue. The underlying cause for CPAM is not known. It occurs in approximately 1 in every 30000 pregnancies. The association between CPAM and malignancy has been well documented. There is a small risk(0.7%) of malignant transformation within the cyst. So early diagnosis and surgical resection is important to prevent the grave complications. Herein, we are reporting two interesting cases of CPAM and one belonged to Type Ⅱ and other belonged to Type Ⅲ of Stocker's classification.     

Esophageal bronchogenic cyst excised by endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection: A case report

BACKGROUND Esophageal bronchogenic cyst(EBC) is a rare congenital disease that is difficult to diagnose preoperatively, and treatment remains controversial.CASE SUMMARY We report a 53-year-old Chinese woman hospitalized in our hospital following the discovery of a submucosal protruding mass of the esophagus by upper endoscopy. A preliminary diagnosis of EBC was made by endoscopic ultrasonography(EUS), and treatment was accomplished by endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection(ESTD). The pathological results verified the diagnosis. No scar changes or cystic lesion within the original lesion were found under EUS after a 3-mo follow-up.CONCLUSION EUS is valuable for the preliminary diagnosis of EBC and surveillance. ESTD is a safe and effective treatment for EBC. Further evaluation of complications and long-term follow-ups are required.     

多孔多针留置术治疗儿童单纯性骨囊肿的护理

单纯性骨囊肿又称(simple bone cyst,SBC)单房性骨囊肿(unicameral bone cyst)或孤立性骨囊肿(solitary bone cyst),是一种好发于儿童及青少年长骨干骺端的局限性破坏性骨病损.发病率男性多于女性,男女之比为2∶1至3∶1[1].     

儿童上臂罕见骨外动脉瘤样骨囊肿1例

骨外动脉瘤样骨囊肿(Aneurysmal bone cyst,ABC)是一种非常罕见的临床病变.笔者回顾分析1例骨外ABC的临床、CT及MRI表现,旨在提高对骨外ABC的认识. 病例 男,8岁8月,因"发现右上臂肿物20余天入院".患儿入院前20余天无明显诱因发现右上臂肿物,不伴发热、疼痛及右手活动障碍,未予治疗.近日...     

Application of curved ablation in liver cancer with special morphology or location: Report of two cases

BACKGROUND Liver cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors with a high incidence and mortality.Hepatitis-liver cirrhosis-liver cancer is known as the trilogy of liver cancer.At present,due to significant development of imaging interventions,they occupy an irreplaceable position in the field of liver cancer treatment,especially ultrasound-guided ablation.Because patients with liver cancer often present with liver cirrhosis,which leads to morphological deformation of the liver,it is difficult to perform a linear ablation of liver cancer in the areas near the phrenic top and within large blood vessels,among others.The present study reports on two cases of liver cancer that have been subjected to curvilinear ablation.After 1 mo,magnetic resonance imaging showed complete ablation,demonstrating that ultrasound-guided curved ablation is feasible and effective in the treatment of liver cancer.CASE SUMMARY Two patients were treated at the Liver Disease Department of the Xixi Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University of Chinese Medicine in 2019.Because the first liver cancer patient’s tumor was located close to the diaphragm,it was difficult to complete a straight needle ablation procedure in one session.In order to achieve accurate and minimally invasive treatment of this tumor,a curved needle ablation procedure was designed.The second patient presented with a hepatic cyst in front of the tumor.In order not to damage the hepatic cyst,a looper needle ablation technique was used.The procedure was successfully completed in both cases.CONCLUSION Curved ablation is a new technique that can be used to treat tumors situated in a variety of locations,providing new ideas for interventional techniques.Its operation difficulty is higher and further animal experiments are necessary to improve the operation procedure.     

博宁完全缓解乳腺癌多发骨转移性骨痛25个月个案报告

Bone metastasis of mammary tumor is common in clinic and comprehensive treatment concentrated on chemotherapy is suggested. Short term relief such as pain decrease,improvement of symptoms is available but long term relief was unavailable. In the current study, a case with multiple bone metastasis of mammary tumors showed favorable relief including bone pain relief, complete absorption of bone metastasis loci.This patients has survived for 25 months healthfully.Here is the report.     

长骨骨端囊样骨肿瘤及肿瘤样病变的CT分析

目的：探讨长骨骨端囊样骨肿瘤及肿瘤样病变的CT诊断价值。材料与方法：对资料完整曾行CT检查并经活检或手术病理证实的长骨骨端囊样骨肿瘤及肿瘤样病变45例进行回顾性分析。结果：45例中骨肿瘤29例,其中良性肿瘤24例,恶性5例,肿瘤样病变16例。良性肿瘤包括：巨细胞瘤12例,软骨母细胞瘤4例,骨样骨瘤,软骨粘液样纤维瘤各3例,内生软骨瘤及骨母细胞瘤各1例,恶性肿瘤包括：恶性巨细胞瘤、软骨肉瘤各2例,纤维肉瘤1例,肿瘤样病变包括：骨囊肿7例,骨纤维异常增殖症6例,动脉瘤样骨囊肿3例。发病部位包括骺板闭合前28例（其中骨骺4例,干骺端24例）闭合后骨端17例,主要CT表现为端囊样骨破坏,包括膨胀性改变34例伴皮质断裂13例,骨性包壳形成21例,瘤内钙化13例,液－液平2例,骨膜反应及软组织增厚（或肿块）分别为5例和4例,结论：CT能清晰显示X线平片不能显示的“囊”壁、“囊”内及周围结构的细微表现,因而具有重要的诊断价值。但因表现有重叠,定性诊断有一定限度。     

颌骨囊性病变CT及临床分析

目的熟悉颌骨囊性病变CT表现、病理学表现与治疗方法。方法回顾性分析50例上颌骨囊性病变病例的CT表现与临床资料。结果50例颌骨囊性病变中有孤立性颌骨囊肿6例，根端囊肿15例，含牙囊肿7例，角化囊肿4例，鼻腭囊肿7例，球上颌囊肿3例，造釉细胞瘤5例，骨纤维异常增殖症3例。结论掌握各种颌骨囊性病变CT表现及病理特点对其诊断、治疗有重要意义。     

LISS钢板内固定结合骨水泥治疗股骨远端动脉瘤样骨囊肿

背景：以往文献报道动脉瘤样骨囊肿刮除治疗后复发率较高。 目的：探讨LISS钢板内固定结合骨水泥治疗股骨远端动脉瘤样骨囊肿的疗效。 方法：对河北省秦皇岛市第一医院2002年1月至2012年1月采用LISS钢板内固定加骨水泥治疗的19例股骨远端动脉瘤样骨囊肿患者进行回顾性分析。动脉瘤样骨囊肿患者的治疗目的是彻底清除囊肿,防止复发,并通过植入物内固定修复重建受损组织结构和功能。 结果与结论：19例患者通过LISS钢板内固定加骨水泥治疗后随访1-3年,18例恢复较好,1例治疗后2年复发。动脉瘤样骨囊肿刮除彻底是预防治疗后复发的关键。LISS钢板的设计结合了交锁髓内针的优势和生物型锁定钢板技术融为一体,在动脉瘤样骨囊肿的治疗中具有许多优点。通过骨水泥填充病灶区域,对肿瘤有一定的杀灭作用,并且增加了病灶区域骨的强度。股骨远端动脉瘤样骨囊肿的外科治疗先清除囊肿病灶,然后通过LISS钢板内固定加骨水泥治疗可以减少病变复发。     

Right iliac bone pathological fracture mimicking acute appendicitis

Simple bone cyst (SBC) also known as unicameral bone cyst is a benign, radiolucent bone lesion that is seen commonly in childhood. These lesions are usually found incidentally although pain and swelling can be seen. The most common complication is a pathological fracture, and this is often the cause of presentation. Here, we present a 22-year-old male with right lower quadrant pain due to SBC related pathological fracture of right iliac bone which is mimicking acute appendicitis.     

原发性与继发性动脉瘤样骨囊肿的MRI表现及MRI诊断价值

目的：分析动脉瘤样骨囊肿的MRI表现，评价其影像学诊断价值。方法：回顾性分析18例经手术病理证实的原发性及继发性动脉瘤样骨囊肿的MRI表现，并进行文献复习。结果：18例病灶均表现为膨胀性溶骨性骨质破坏（100％），15例位于长骨（83.3％），12例为偏心型（66．7％）。其中11例见骨皮质破坏（66．1％），2例见骨膜反应（11．1％），12例边缘见分叶（66．7％），14例见囊腔（77．8％），10例见囊间隔（55．6％），11例见低信号边界（61．1％），6例见液-液平面（33.3％），5例见软组织肿块（27．8％）。结论：①原发性动脉瘤样骨囊肿MRI表现较一致；继发性动脉瘤样骨囊肿表现复杂多样，但多数仍具有动脉瘤样骨囊肿的MRI共性特点。如囊腔及低信号边界等。②MRI有助于动脉瘤样骨囊肿尤其是继发性动脉瘤样骨囊肿的定性诊断，较X线及CT能更早、更敏感地显示动脉瘤样骨囊肿的特征性表现。③综合X线、CT及MRI进行影像学分析有助于提高诊断准确率。     

动脉瘤样骨囊肿的影像诊断(附42例分析)

目的:探讨动脉瘤样骨囊肿影像表现特征。材料和方法:回顾性分析42例经手术及病理证实的动脉瘤样骨囊肿的影像表现,42例均行X线检查,28例CT检查,12例MR检查。结果:①皂泡状或吹气球样膨胀性骨破坏:X线36例,CT 22例,MR 6例;②病灶内骨小梁间隔或骨嵴:X线 33例,CT 18例,MR 4例;③邻近病灶端骨质轻度硬化:X线 16例,CT 14例,MR 8例;④骨壳边缘不全病理骨折:X线 9例,CT 8例,MR 4例;⑤骨膜反应:X线 2例,CT 1例;⑥软组织肿块:X线 1例,CT 3例,MR 1例;⑦病灶内单发或多发液-液平面:CT 21例,MR 10例。结论:动脉瘤样骨囊肿具有一定的影像学特征,X线、CT及MR三者结合能明显提高诊断准确率。     

同种异体骨修复良性骨肿瘤及瘤样病变骨缺损

背景:骨肿瘤及瘤样病变切刮后骨缺损取自体骨填充,由于取材量不能完全满足临床需要,且供骨区常遗有不同程度并发症,使其在临床应用中受到明显限制.异体骨以其结构及生物特性与自体骨相似、来源丰富、可以长期保存及使用方便等特点日益广泛地应用于临床.目的:观察同种异体骨用于填充修复良性骨肿瘤及瘤样病变切、刮除术后骨缺损后的生物相容性表现及临床应用效果.设计:回顾性分析.单位:内蒙古医学院第二附属医院骨肿瘤科、骨盆外科.对象:选择1999-12/2005-12在内蒙古医学院第二附属医院骨肿瘤科因良性骨肿瘤及瘤样病变行病灶刮除、高温灭活,冻干同种异体小块骨填充修复骨缺损的患者230例,男156例,女74例;年龄5～56岁.患者同意使用异体骨,并签订植入异体骨协议书;实验经医院伦理委员会批准.方法:①使用由由山西奥瑞生物材料有限公司/山西省医用组织库提供的同种异体骨填充修复骨缺损.对良性骨肿瘤及骨囊肿和骨纤维结构不良等行囊内刮除术,用同种异体骨填塞空腔.②根据Mankin等对同种骨移植结果的评分标准评估疗效,分为满意和不满意两个层次.于术后3,6和12个月对手术部位拍摄X射线平片,并平均随访38个月以观察疗效.主要观察指标:异体骨填充修复骨肿瘤骨缺损的组织相容性.结果:患者230例全部进入主要结果分析.①同种骨生物相容性:少数患者术后有轻度排异反应.该植入材料生物相容性好,可与植入部位患者骨组织直接进行融合,不阻止骨细胞在其表面的正常活性或干扰自体骨细胞的自然替代过程,即无免疫排斥反应或很小.所有病例在术后6～18个月达到骨性愈合,平均6.5个月.并发症:34例切口渗出淡黄色液体,其中30例于2周后切口愈合(14.8%);切口延期愈合4例(1.7%).②疗效:满意196例(85.2%),不满意34例(14.8%).结论:同种异体小块骨具有良好的组织相容性及成骨作用,是骨移植术中良好的植骨材料.     

骶骨肿瘤的CT诊断

目的探讨骶骨肿瘤的CT表现特征。方法回顾性分析28例骶骨肿瘤的CT表现，包括转移瘤13例，脊索瘤4例，软骨肉瘤1例，原始神经外胚层肿瘤1例，骨巨细胞瘤3例，骨母细胞瘤1例，神经鞘瘤2例，囊肿3例（单纯性骨囊肿1例，蛛网膜囊肿2例）。结果骶骨肿瘤的CT表现包括病变的中心位置及范围，骶椎骨质破坏（恶性者多为溶骨性骨质破坏，良性者多呈膨胀性生长），残留骨嵴，软组织肿块，肿块内钙化，骶管、骶孔扩大等。良性肿瘤边界锐利，并多可见硬化边（除骨巨细胞瘤外），恶性者边界多不清晰，无硬化。增强后除囊肿性病变无强化外，其他均可见程度不等之强化。结论CT可清楚地显示肿瘤的部位、范围以及与周围组织关系，根据病灶不同的CT表现有可能在术前对多数骶骨肿瘤进行定性诊断。     

动脉瘤样骨囊肿在全身骨显像及SPECT/CT断层融合显像上的影像学特征

  目的  探究动脉瘤样骨囊肿在全身骨显像及SPECT/CT断层融合显像中的影像特征,以提高动脉瘤样骨囊肿的诊断准确率。  方法  回顾性分析2016年1月~2022年5月在我院行全身骨显像及SPECT/CT断层融合显像并且术后病理诊断为动脉瘤样骨囊肿的患者,总结其在全身骨显像及SPECT/CT断层融合显像上的影像学特征。  结果  在我院行全身骨显像及断层融合显像且术后病理诊断为动脉瘤样骨囊肿的患者共24例,原发19例,继发5例,大多为青少年,病变主要分布于四肢长骨,也见于肋骨及骨盆骨,病变部位主要呈膨胀性骨质破坏伴相应部位骨代谢增高。  结论  全身骨显像联合SPECT/CT断层融合显像可较好地显示动脉瘤样骨囊肿的影像学特征及骨代谢情况,有助于动脉瘤样骨囊肿的定性诊断。      

动脉瘤样骨囊肿CT与MRI征象分析

目的 探讨CT与MRI对动脉瘤样骨囊肿（ABC）的诊断价值。方法 回顾性分析43例经手术病理证实的动脉瘤样骨囊肿的影像表现，全部病例均行X线检查，其中14例行CT检查，19例行MRI检查，10例同时行CT及MRI检查。结果 在X线上ABC表现为膨胀性骨质破坏。在CT上动脉瘤样骨囊肿表现为溶骨性骨质破坏，常有不同程度膨胀性改变，骨质破坏区内可见囊状低密度区及骨性分隔，MRI表现为T1WI及T2WI上可见病灶边缘有低信号环，病灶内主体部分充满囊状液体，信号混杂，在T1WI低或中高信号，在T2WI上呈不均匀高信号，病灶内可见T1WI及T2WI上均呈低信号的分隔。Gd-DTPA增强扫描后可见囊壁及病灶内的分隔强化。结论 CT与MRI对动脉瘤样骨囊肿诊断与鉴别诊断有非常重要的价值。