豚鼠延髓c-fos基因表达在钩端螺旋体OmpL39免疫应答期的变化

目的和方法：观察钩体外膜疏水蛋白ＯｍｐＬ３９的免疫保护作用和对豚鼠中枢ｃ－ｆｏｓ基因表达的影响,分别用ＯｍｐＬ３９与钩体死菌苗（ＷＬＣＶ）、生理盐水（ＮＳ）对照免疫豚鼠,用强毒０１７株钩体活菌攻击,处死动物后用新鲜延髓切片观察对比。结果：ＯｍｐＬ３９在豚鼠体内能产生高效价的阳性抗体,免疫保护率为１００％。ＯｍｐＬ３９免疫组豚鼠中枢ｃ－ｆｏｓ基因表达面积比为０．００８６％±０．０００３％,颗粒计数为４６３．０±１．３４个,较ＷＬＣＶ和ＮＳ组显著减少（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论：ＯｍｐＬ３９有较强的免疫保护作用,对豚鼠中枢ｃ－ｆｏｓ基因的表达有抑制作用。     

阿米巴肝脓肿患者血清细胞因子水平与免疫防卫能力的研究

目的 了解阿米巴肝脓肿患者抗体的免疫防卫能力。方法 ＥＬＩＳＡ、比色法及流式细胞仪等检测了４０例阿米巴肝脓肿患者血清细胞因子ＴＮＦ－α,ＩＬ－６,ＩＬ－８,ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ,弓形虫感染率,ＮＯ,血液ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８Ｔ细胞,红细胞Ｃ３ｂ受体花环率（ＲＢＣ－Ｃ３ｂＲＲ）及免疫复合物花环率（ＲＢＣ－ＩＣＲ）。结果 ＴＮＦα,ＩＬ－,ＩＬ－８,ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ,ＮＯ,ＲＢＣ－ＴＣＲ显著高于正常对照组,ＲＢＣ－Ｃ３ｂ     

紫外线照射全血对红细胞免疫功能及脂质过氧化的影响

为了研究Ｂ波段紫外线（ＵＶＢ）照射全血对红细胞免疫功能及全血抗氧化能力的影响，利用１．５Ｊ／ｃｍ２的ＵＶＢ对全血进行照射，结果发现照射后红细胞Ｃ３ｂ受体花环促进率（ＲＦＥＲ）明显升高（Ｐ＜０．０５），而红细胞Ｃ３ｂ受体（ＲＣＲ）花环率升高更为明显（Ｐ＜０．０１），红细胞免疫复合物（ＲＢＣ－ＩＣ）花环率及与红细胞Ｃ３ｂ受体花环抑制率（ＲＦＩＲ）在照射前后无明显改变（Ｐ＞０．０５），红细胞超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）活性在照射后明显升高（Ｐ＜０．０１），而血浆中丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）含量无明显改变（Ｐ＞０．０５）。说明紫外线照射能改善红细胞免疫功能及全血的抗氧化能力。     

慢性胃炎患儿T细胞和红细胞免疫功能的检测

应用流式细胞术（ＦＣＭ） 直接免疫荧光染色法和免疫粘附花环法, 检测了４１ 例慢性胃炎患儿外周血Ｔ 淋巴细胞亚群（ 包括ＣＤ３ ＋ ,ＣＤ４ ＋ 和ＣＤ８ ＋） 的变化和红细胞免疫功能（ＲＢＣＣ３ｂＲＲ,ＲＢＣＩＣＲ） ,以观察慢性胃炎患儿的免疫功能在治疗前后的变化。结果显示：慢性胃炎患儿治疗前各项免疫指标除ＲＢＣ－ ＩＣＲ 外,均低于对照组（ Ｐ＜ ０ ．０１） ;治疗后各项免疫指标均有显著提高,而ＲＢＣ－ ＩＣＲ 则有所下降（ Ｐ ＜ ０ ．０１） 。本研究提示,慢性胃炎患儿一旦确诊,就应及时正规治疗,以免患儿长期缺乏必需的营养素而致免疫功能紊乱。     

脑外伤后红细胞及淋巴细胞免疫粘附功能变化的动物实验研究

采用大鼠脑外伤模型，观察伤后红细胞及淋巴细胞免疫粘附功能变化。结果显示，红细胞Ｃ３ｂ受体花结率（ＲＣ３ｂＲＲ）及红细胞免疫粘附促进因子（ＲＦＥＲ）明显降低；红细胞免疫复合物花结率（ＲＩＣＲ）及红细胞免疫抑制百分率（ＲＦＩＲ）明显升高；淋巴细胞免疫粘附癌细胞花结率（ＬＴＲＲ）明显下降；ＲＣ３ｂＲＲ与ＬＴＲＲ呈显著正相关。同时讨论了发生机理及意义。     

氦—氖激光血管内照射对脑梗塞患者红细胞免疫功能的影响

本文研究低能量Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ激光血管内照射血液（ＩＬＩＢ）治疗５８例脑梗塞，观察治疗前后红细胞免疫功能的变化及其与临床疗效之关系。结果显示ＩＬＩＢ治疗后ＲＢＣ－Ｃ３ｂＲＲ显著上升，ＲＢＣ－ＩＣＲ虽有下降趋势但无意义。随ＲＢＣ－Ｃ３ｂＲＲ增高临床症状好转明显。作者讨论了ＩＬＩＢ对脑梗塞患者红细胞免疫功能影响的机制。     

20例先天愚型患儿红细胞免疫功能检测分析

为进一步了解先天愚型（ＤＳ）患儿红细胞免疫功能状况。本文对２０例ＤＳ患儿进行了红细胞Ｃ３ｂ受体（ＲＢＣ－ｃ３ｂ）花环试验和红细胞免疫复合物（ＲＢＣ－ＩＣ）花环试验，并与５０例正常儿童进行比较。结果显示：ＤＳ患儿ＲＢＣ－ｃ３ｂ花环率显著低于对照组（Ｐ＞０．０５）；而ＲＢＣ－ＩＣ花环率稍低于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）但无统计学意义。提示ＤＳ患儿红细胞免疫功能较正常儿童是明显降低的。     

急性上呼吸道感染患儿红细胞免疫功能检测

急性上呼吸道感染患儿红细胞免疫功能检测刘玉峰刘玉宁石明仁参照文献报道方法检测５４例急性上呼吸道感染患儿的红细胞免疫，包括红细胞Ｃ３ｂ受体花环（ＲＢＣ－Ｃ３ｂＲＲ）、红细胞免疫复合物花环（ＲＢＣ－ＩＣＲ）、红细胞免疫促进因子和抑制因子等。５４例患儿，男...     

中药复方对实验性老年高脂血症红细胞免疫粘附功能和循环免疫复合物的作用

用高脂饲料喂饲老龄豚鼠，造成“实验性老年高脂血症”的模型，观察补肾化痰祛瘀中药复方对实验动物的红细胞免疫粘附功能和循环免疫复合物（ＣＩＣ）含量的作用。结果显示，随着高脂血症的形成，实验动物的红细胞Ｃ＿（３ｂ）受体（ＲＢＣ－Ｃ＿（３ｂ）Ｒ）花环率下降，红细胞免疫复合物（ＲＢＣ－ＩＣ）花环率和ＣＩＣ含量上升，造模前、后差异显著（Ｐ分别小于０．０１，０．００５）。ＣＩＣ含量与ＲＢＣ－Ｃ＿（３ｂ）花环率、ＲＢＣ－ＩＣ花环率呈负、正相关（Ｐ均小于０．０５）。该复方在不限制高脂饮食的条件下，能提高红细胞免疫粘附功能和降低ＣＩＣ含量，具有预防和治疗双重作用。     

荷瘤小鼠红细胞免疫功能观察

本实验利用小鼠可移植性组织细胞型淋巴瘤ＬⅡ接种于近交系６１５小鼠右后肢爪垫皮下，按宿主荷瘤时间以及肿瘤生长发展的不同阶段分期分批处死动物，每批动物均从眼房静脉窦取血，检测荷瘤小鼠红细胞Ｃ３ｂ受体花环率（ＲＢＣ－Ｃ３ｂＲＲ），红细胞免疫复合物花环率（ＲＢＣ－ＩＣＲ），观察荷瘤动物在肿瘤发展的几个不同时期红细胞免疫功能的变化情况。结果显示，荷瘤小鼠的ＲＢＣ－Ｃ３ｂＲＲ明显低于正常，并且随着肿瘤的发展呈下降趋势。在肿瘤侵袭早期和中期ＲＢＣ－Ｃ３ｂＲＲ下降十分迅速，而到肿瘤转移开始至转移晚期以后，其下降速度减慢。荷瘤小鼠的ＲＢＣ－ＩＣＲ高于正常，在肿瘤侵袭中期急骤增高，以后稳定在较高水平。本实验结果提示，肿瘤侵袭转移可能与宿主红细胞免疫功能有一定的关系，这些改变可作为评估肿瘤发展程度的参考指标之一，而且对于研究肿瘤转移机理有着十分重要的意义。     

Topical organization of the projections of neurons of the substantia nigra and the ventral field of the tegmentum of the midbrain to the head of the caudate nucleus of the cat

Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology -     

Asymmetry of the internal connections of the striate cortex of the cat in the projection zone of the center of the field of vision

Studies were carried out on the organization of the internal connections of the striate cortex in cats in the projection zone of the center (0–5°) of the field of vision by microintophoretic application of horseradish peroxidase to electrophysiologically identified orientational columns. The area containing neurons showing retrograde labeling in most cases extended in the mediolateral direction. Labeled cells were located in the upper (II, III) and lower (V, VI) layers of the cortex, and the shapes and orientations of the areas containing labeled neurons in these layers coincided. Spatial asymmetry was detected in the distribution of labeled neurons relative to the orientational column studied. Labeled cells were located predominantly medial to the columns, regardless of the distance from the projection of the area centralis. Considering the visuotopical map of field 17, the asymmetry detected here provides evidence that neurons in orientational columns have more extensive connections with neurons of the peripheral part of the cortex. An asymmetrical distribution of “silent” zones around the receptive fields of neurons in orientational columns is suggested, and that these appear to receive influences from the periphery of the visual field. Laboratory of Visual Physiology and Laboratory of Central Nervous System Morphology, I. P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 6 Makarov Bank, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia. Translated from Fiziologicheskii Zhurnal imeni I. M. Sechenova, Vol. 82, No. 12, pp. 23–29, December, 1996.     

Characteristics of the topographic interrelation of the head of the pancreas and the duodenum and pathology of the organs of the pancreatoduodenal area

Seventy pancreatoduodenal complexes of 55 patients with chronic pancreatitis and tumours of this zone and 15 patients died from other diseases are studies histotopographically . The pieces of the pancreatic head tissue in the medial wall of the duodenum were found in 12 cases of the first group and in 4 control cases. The pancreatic tissue consisted either of all elements of this organ or cystically dilated ducts and seemed to infiltrate different layers of the duodenum wall. Three variants of the pancreatic head structure are suggested on the basis of anatomo-topographical interrelationships of the pancreatic head and duodenum. In 12 out of 14 cases chronic pancreatitis and carcinoma of organs of this zone were combined with the variants of the pancreatic head structure, in 2 cases there was a true heterotopy . Pathogenetic significance of these variants for the development of chronic pancreatitis is discussed.     

Effects of the lesion of the postcommissural part of the septum on the behavior of the rat.

The effects of the lesion of the postcommissural part of the septum on behavior of the rat has been studied. Results may be summarized as follows. An increase in the exploratory behavior in the open field which decreases rapidly; a decrease in the number of defecations in this test and a decrease in time leaving a dark environment for exploration. In the shuttle box test, no facilitation of the acquisition, but a permanent and quite significant increase in the intertrial activity has been found. We conclude that the lesions tend to decrease the emotivity of the subjects. An interpretation on the basis of the species -- specific defensive reactions explains the transitory and permanent effects of the lesions on the spontaneous activity.     

Influence of the level of the transmembrane potential on the dynamics of the extinction of the amplitude of the synaptic reactions of the snail under voltage clamping conditions

The influence of the level of the transmembrane potential on the dynamics of the extinction of the amplitudes of summary excitatory postsynaptic currents arising in identified giant parietal neurons in response to rhythmic stimulation of the intestinal nerve was investigated in a preparation of the isolated CNS of the common snail in order to identify the possibility of the participation of the postsynaptic element in synaptic plasticity. It was demonstrated that, at a greater value of the transmembrane potential, the decrease in the amplitudes of the postsynaptic currents which have been induced by rhythmic stimulation takes place more rapidly. It was also demonstrated that at a higher frequency of stimulation of the nerve, the effect of the influence of the membrane potential level on the dynamics of the synaptic reactions is more prominent. The data obtained may be regarded as an argument in favor of the possibility of the participation of the post-synapse in plasticity. This study was partially supported by the Russian Basic Research Fund (project No. 94-04-12209). Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow. Translated from Zhurnal Vysshei Nervnoi Deyatel'nosti imeni I. P. Pavlova, Vol. 45, No. 1, pp. 171–179, January–February, 1995.     

Effect of the conditions of adaptation of the optic analyzer to the function of the thermoreceptors of the human skin

Summary A discussion is presented of the effect produced by light stimulation applied to the optic analyzer alone on the function of the temperature analyzer. The cutaneous-temperature analyzer was kept on constant illumination and temperature. The light effects from the retinal photoreceptors on the cutaneous thermoceptor system led to reflex changes of the functional rate of the latter. Conditions of the optic analyzer of light adaptation caused reflex adjustment of cold receptors as to heating. Dark adaptation of the eyes changed the functional state of the cold receptors, corresponding to their adjustment to low temperatures.(Presented by Active Member AMN SSSR V. V. Parin) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 57, No. 3, pp. 3–6, March, 1964