基于“北斗”的战场血液保障信息系统研究

分析了“战场血液保障信息系统”的国内外现状及不足,并针对当前军队卫勤信息化的需求,以提高战场血液保障能力和促进战场血液管理的信息化水平为目标,采用先进的计算机技术、通信技术、卫星导航技术及集成化理念,结合我军战场血液保障的实际状况,开发设计了一套适应未来战争的基于北斗的战场血液保障信息系统,是我军在战场血液保障信息化建设方面的实践性探索。     

卫勤分队战时药材供应保障要求及对策

本文针对未来我军卫勤分队战时药材供应保障的要求,提出了战时药材供应保障实行联勤供应保障、加快药材保障信息化建设、健全战时药材保障体制、建立军民联合保障机制、加快新药材、新装备的研制的对策。     

新型血液储运装备及其勤务定位研究

血液储运装备与勤务定位是明确战时血液供应管理的重要内容。本文通过对我军血液储运装备现状的调研，在借鉴外军成功经验的基础上，提出了合理使用旧装备、研究开发新装备、明确勤务定位的观点。     

特殊条件下血液供应的保障措施

针对特殊环境条件下血液供应保障的特点,作者从血液战备储备、前处理、运输、后处理以及现场使用等角度分析如何开展特殊条件下的血液供应,并从血液制品种类、保存方式、运输方式的选择及相应防护技术研究等角度提出保障血液制品供应的措施.     

南沙区域血液保障改进对策

血液制品是战时卫勤保障的关键.随着现代高技术发展,我军陆上血液安全、血液储运、新型血液制品等方面取得显著进展,但针对海上的血液保障仍存在诸多问题亟待解决,特别是南沙区域海上和岛礁卫勤保障的独特性,使得血液保障面临诸多挑战.通过分析我军南沙区域现有血液保障模式,剖析目前该区域血液保障存在的问题,并对南沙区域未来血液保障的改进措施进行分析,提出筹建血液信息系统、增加血液运输途径、建立血液轮换周期等六条具体建议,为我军南沙区域血液保障模式建设提供参考.     

我军野战血站基本模式探讨

本文在研究探讨我军血液保障能力的基础上，阐明了建立野战血站的必要性和可行性，提出了建立我军野战血站的基本模式。     

为保障特殊血液应急供血血液中心召开Rh阴性血型献血者代表座谈会

为了更好的保障太原市血液尤其是特殊血液的供应,太原市红十字血液中心邀请长期以来支持无偿献血工作、坚持应急献血的三十余名Rh阴性血型献血者代表来到中心会议室,召开了以迎接煤博会为契机,呼吁特殊血液人群积极献血,保障血液供应的专题座谈会.     

论新时期军队药材“主渠道”供应保障

军队药材供应保障是我军后勤工作的重要组成部分,是一种特殊的供应保障体系。在社会主义市场经济条件下,如何搞好军队平战时的药材保障,更好地为部队服务,提高官兵健康素质,是当前部队卫勤保障工作值得研究的新课题。本文依据上级关于加强统筹规划、适应市场经济规律、牢固掌握     

军队血站应对突发事件血液储备保障探析

军队战备血液储备的目的是在战时或突发重大灾情时,能够以足够的储备血液满足伤病员救治的用血需要,最大限度地减轻突发事件造成的危害,保障人民生命安全。探析军队血站战备血液储备现状,研究制定相应对策,对于新形势下提高我军血液应急保障能力具有十分重要的意义。     

建立应急血液保障联动机制的探讨

在突发性灾害、战争、大地震、重大交通事故等应急状态下,为及时抢救危重伤员,血液保障发挥了重要作用.因此,建立一套完善的血液联动保障应急机制,在应急状态下保障伤员的血液供应,才能更多的挽救伤员的生命.     

大鼠细菌感染模型血中磷脂酶A2变化的研究

目的 探讨血小板型磷脂酶A2在宿主防御细菌感染中的作用，使我们对PLA2分子有新的认识。方法 大鼠静脉注射活金黄色葡萄球菌造成细菌感染模型，分别抽取不同时间段的静脉血，进行血浆杀菌实验、PLA2酶活性及全血PLA2mRNA含量测定。结果 经过活菌刺激后，3h大鼠血浆中PLA2的活性升高了27倍，此时血浆对革兰阳性细菌具有较强杀灭作用；全血中PLA2mRNA含量也有所增加，1h达最高值。结论 血小板型PLA2在宿主防御G^ 细菌感染中起着非常重要的作用。     

血小板型磷脂酶A2 mRNA在大鼠体内的分布

目的全面探讨血小板型磷脂酶A2(PLA2) mRNA在正常大鼠体内的分布情况,增加对血小板型PLA2的了解. 方法从大鼠不同器官和组织的匀浆中提取总RNA,合成第1链cDNA,利用PCR扩增大鼠血小板型PLA2 DNA. 结果在我们研究的30种器官和组织中,除唾液腺和胰腺之外,都能检测到血小板型PLA2 mRNA,其中,在肺、腹主动脉、腹静脉、血液、大肠、胸腺、骨髓、膀胱和子宫中尤其丰富. 结论血小板型PLA2 mRNA广泛分布在大鼠的各个器官和组织中,在防御细菌感染的过程中,除参与先天性免疫之外,在适应性免疫中也可能扮演重要角色.     

Effects of a Lactobacillus salivarius probiotic intervention on infection, cold symptom duration and severity, and mucosal immunity in endurance athletes

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a probiotic supplement during 4 mo of spring training in men and women engaged in endurance-based physical activities on incidence of upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) and mucosal immune markers. Sixty-six highly active individuals were randomized to probiotic (n = 33) or placebo (n = 33) groups and, under double-blind procedures, received probiotic (PRO: Lactobacillus salivarius, 2 × 1010 bacterium colony-forming units) or placebo (PLA) daily for 16 wk. Resting blood and saliva samples were collected at baseline and after 8 and 16 wk. Weekly training and illness logs were kept. Fifty-four subjects completed the study (n = 27 PRO, n = 27 PLA). The proportion of subjects on PRO who experienced 1 or more wk with URTI symptoms was not different from that of those on PLA (PRO .58, PLA .59; p = .947). The number of URTI episodes was similar in the 2 groups (PRO 1.6 ± 0.3, PLA 1.4 ± 0.3; p = .710). Severity and duration of symptoms were not significantly different between treatments. Blood leukocyte, neutrophil, monocyte, and lymphocyte counts; saliva IgA; and lysozyme concentrations did not change over the course of the study and were not different on PRO compared with PLA. Regular ingestion of L. salivarius does not appear to be beneficial in reducing the frequency of URTI in an athletic cohort and does not affect blood leukocyte counts or levels of salivary antimicrobial proteins during a spring period of training and competition.     

Gestational tissue phospholipase A2 messenger RNA content and the onset of spontaneous labour in the human

Considerable evidence supports a central role for prostaglandins in the genesis of uterine activity and cervical dilatation at the time of human labour. The first step in prostaglandin synthesis is the liberation of arachidonic acid from glycerophospholipids by phospholipase A2. In this study, we examined the periparturitional gene expression of PLA2 in human placentae and fetal membranes, using a cDNA clone for non-pancreatic PLA2. PLA2 gene expression was found to be significantly increased (P less than 0.05) in placentae obtained after spontaneous-onset labour and normal vaginal delivery as compared with placentae from elective Caesarean section. In both of these groups, PLA2 expression in amnion and chorion was significantly less than that in placenta. The results of this study suggest that placental PLA2 gene expression increases in association with spontaneous-onset of labour in the human. This conclusion is consistent with the finding of increased levels of prostaglandins in gestational tissues, amniotic fluid and blood plasma at the time of labour.     

Daily probiotic's (Lactobacillus casei Shirota) reduction of infection incidence in athletes

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a probiotic supplement during 4 mo of winter training in men and women engaged in endurance-based physical activities on incidence of upper respiratory-tract infections (URTIs) and immune markers. Eighty-four highly active individuals were randomized to probiotic (n = 42) or placebo (n = 42) groups and, under double-blind procedures, received probiotic (PRO: Lactobacillus casei Shirota [LcS]) or placebo (PLA) daily for 16 wk. Resting blood and saliva samples were collected at baseline and after 8 and 16 wk. Weekly training and illness logs were kept. Fifty-eight subjects completed the study (n = 32 PRO, n = 26 PLA). The proportion of subjects on PLA who experienced 1 or more weeks with URTI symptoms was 36% higher than those on PRO (PLA 0.90, PRO 0.66; p = .021). The number of URTI episodes was significantly higher (p < .01) in the PLA group (2.1 ± 1.2) than in the PRO group (1.2 ± 1.0). Severity and duration of symptoms were not significantly different between treatments. Saliva IgA concentration was higher on PRO than PLA, significant treatment effect F(1, 54) = 5.1, p = .03; this difference was not evident at baseline but was significant after 8 and 16 wk of supplementation. Regular ingestion of LcS appears to be beneficial in reducing the frequency of URTI in an athletic cohort, which may be related to better maintenance of saliva IgA levels during a winter period of training and competition.     

血小板相关检测在妊娠期高血压疾病中的意义

目的：研究妊娠期高血压疾病（ HDCP）患者外周血活化血小板及血小板-白细胞聚集体的变化,并探讨其与妊娠期高血压的关系。方法采用流式细胞术检测47例妊娠期高血压疾病患者、40例正常健康女性和40例正常妊娠者外周血血小板上的血小板P选择素（CD62p）和血小板纤维蛋白原受体（PAC-1）的表达,以及单核细胞、粒细胞的CD61表达百分率,即血小板-单核细胞聚集体（ PMA）、血小板-粒细胞聚集体（ PNA）。结果妊娠期高血压疾病组的CD62p、PAC-1、PMA、PNA均显著高于正常非孕组和正常妊娠组（t值分别为3．422、3．710、4．014、3．743和3．636、3．427、3．270、3．425,均P＜0．01）,且随病情加重越明显。结论外周血活化血小板及血小板-白细胞聚集体的变化与妊娠期高血压疾病的病情有一定的正相关。     

Independent and combined effects of carbohydrate and caffeine ingestion on aerobic cycling performance in the fed state

The purpose of this study was to examine the independent and combined effects of carbohydrate and caffeine ingestion on performance and various physiological parameters during aerobic cycling (～1 h). Ten male cyclists (28 ± 9 years, 73 ± 6 kg, 66 ± 9 mL·kg(-1)·min(-1) maximal oxygen consumption) performed 20 min of steady-state (SS) cycling (60% peak power (W(max))) followed by a simulated 20-km time trial (TT) under placebo (PLA), carbohydrate (CHO), caffeine (CAF), and combined CAF-CHO conditions, all of which were performed in the fed state. CAF-CHO improved TT performance by 3.4% ± 2% (84 ± 57 s) compared with PLA (p < 0.05), whereas no differences were detected among CHO, CAF, and PLA. The SS respiratory exchange ratio was elevated in CHO (0.92 ± 0.03), CAF (0.96 ± 0.07), and CAF-CHO (0.95 ± 0.02) compared with PLA (0.89 ± 0.03) (p < 0.05). Post-SS and post-TT blood glucose levels were also elevated in CAF-CHO (88.3 ± 16.7 mg·dL(-1) and 111.2 ± 33.5 mg·dL(-1), respectively) compared with PLA (74.5 ± 9.8 mg·dL(-1) and 85.4 ± 17.6 mg·dL(-1), respectively) (p < 0.05). Treatment conditions did not differentially impact SS pulmonary ventilation, oxygen consumption, heart rate, peak quadriceps muscle strength, rating of perceived exertion, or blood lactate. CAF and CHO improved TT performance when taken together but not independently. Although the present work did not yield any definitive physiological mechanisms for the performance findings, these data suggest that cyclists in the fed state should ingest carbohydrate and caffeine together to improve time trial performance.     

"5.12"抗震救灾野战血站管理

作为参加“5．12”抗震救灾行动的全军野战血站，通过对野战血站人员抽组、装备器材、职能任务以及完成的工作和主要成绩等方面进行全面分析，提出合理化建议和行之有效的改进方法，为全军野战血站建设提供有益的借鉴。     

Glucose homeostasis remains altered by acute caffeine ingestion following 2 weeks of daily caffeine consumption in previously non-caffeine-consuming males

Acute caffeine ingestion increases serum NEFA and plasma adrenaline and decreases insulin sensitivity. Although frequently suggested, it is not known if a tolerance to these alterations in glucose homeostasis is developed in habitual caffeine consumers. Our objective was to determine whether acute caffeine ingestion continued to alter insulin, glucose, NEFA and adrenaline during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) following 14 d of caffeine consumption. Twelve caffeine-naive young males underwent four OGTTs over a 4-week period. Subjects ingested a gelatin-filled placebo (PLA) capsule on the first trial day and 5 mg caffeine/kg body weight on the remaining three trial days (day 0, day 7, day 14) before a 2 h OGTT. Following day 0 and day 7, subjects were given six dosages of 5 mg caffeine/kg to consume per d between trials. Serum insulin and blood glucose area under the curve (AUC) were significantly elevated (P < 0.05) v. PLA on day 0 (36 and 103 %, respectively) and were not different from PLA on day 7. On day 14, insulin AUC was 29 % greater than PLA (P < 0.05), and glucose was greater (P < 0.05) during the first hour, although the 50 % elevation in glucose AUC was not different from PLA. Before the OGTT, caffeine resulted in greater (P < 0.05) serum NEFA and plasma adrenaline concentrations in all three caffeine trials, but both NEFA and adrenaline concentrations were decreased (P < 0.05) on day 14 v. day 0. Although 14 d of caffeine consumption by previously caffeine-naive subjects reduced its impact on glucose homeostasis, carbohydrate metabolism remained disrupted.